Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine最新文献

Background: Tinted sunscreens not only shield against UV rays but also provide protection against visible light, as opposed to traditional sunscreens. Universal tinted sunscreens are marketed to complement all skin tones.

Objective: To assess color match and subject satisfaction for 7 universal tinted sunscreens across various price ranges in all Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (SPT).

Methods: Products A-G were applied at concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/cm² on the dorsal arms of 30 subjects spanning SPT I-VI. Photography, colorimetry, and subject and investigator surveys were utilized to determine color match.

Results: Using colorimetry analysis at the recommended 2 mg/cm² concentration, two of seven products were identified as suitable matches for SPT I-II, while six out of seven were determined to be a good match for SPT III-IV. However, only one product was found to be a good match for SPT V-VI at the recommended concentration according to colorimetry results.

Conclusion: Universal tinted sunscreens do not provide an adequate color match for all skin phototypes, especially for individuals with very fair or very dark skin tones.

Background: Wound healing is a multistep process involving coordinated responses of a variety of cell types, cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) components leading to the physiological restoration of tissue integrity. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been highlighted as an approach to improve the healing process, nonetheless at the molecular level, the effects of PBMT are not entirely understood.

Aim: To systematically review publications that investigated gene expression after PBMT during in vivo skin repair.

Methods: An electronic search was undertaken in Medline Ovid (Wolters Kluwer), PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), Scopus (Elsevier), Embase, and LILACS databases. The search strategy was conducted from the terms: low-level light therapy, gene expression, and wound healing and their synonyms. The databases were consulted in December 2023 and no publication year limit was used.

Results: Eleven studies were included in this review and the expression of 186 genes was evaluated. PBMT modified the expression of several targets genes studied, such as down-regulation of genes related to extracellular matrix proteases (MMP2 and MMP9) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL10 and IL6) and up-regulation of DNMT3A and BFGF.

Conclusion: This review demonstrates that PBMT is capable of regulating gene expression during wound healing. Most evidence showed a positive impact of PBMT in regulating genes linked to inflammatory cytokines improving skin wound healing. Yet, the effects of PBMT in genes involved in other mechanisms still need to be better understood.

Background/purpose: Interferon (IFN)-a is often used in combination with psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) in patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) refractory to skin-targeted therapies in early or advanced stages. The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of combined PUVA and low-dose IFN-α-2a therapy in patients with early- and advanced-stage MF.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients who received a combination of PUVA twice or thrice a week and INF-a 3 MU thrice a week for at least 3 months were reviewed retrospectively. The treatment response was evaluated as complete remission (CR), partial remission, stable disease, or progression.

Results: At the initiation, the majority of patients (66.2%) had early-stage disease. In 27.9% of cases, this was the initial treatment administered following the diagnosis of MF. The median duration of combination therapy was 11 months. Complete remission was achieved in 45.6% of the patients with an overall response rate of 60.3%. The mean duration of response was 5 months. Complete remission was statistically significantly higher in early-stage patients (p < .05). No statistically significant correlation was observed between CR and gender, histopathological features, or laboratory parameters. In patients with CR, 80% experienced relapse, significantly higher in early-stage patients (p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between early and advanced stages (p > .05).

Conclusions: The study results indicated that PUVA + low-dose INF-a combination therapy was more effective in the early stage than in the advanced stage. Additionally, there was a high relapse rate after the cessation of treatment in patients who achieved CR.

Background: Skin microbiota is essential for health maintenance. Photoaging is the primary environmental factor that affects skin homeostasis, but whether it influences the skin microbiota remains unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between photoaging and skin microbiome.

Methods: A cohort of senior bus drivers was considered as a long-term unilateral ultraviolet (UV) irradiated population. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was conducted to assess skin microbial composition variations on different sides of their faces. The microbiome characteristics of the photoaged population were further examined by photoaging guinea pig models, and the correlations between microbial metabolites and aging-related cytokines were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Photoaging decreased the relative abundance of microorganisms including Georgenia and Thermobifida in human skin and downregulated the generation of skin microbe-derived antioxidative metabolites such as ectoin. In animal models, Lactobacillus and Streptobacillus abundance in both the epidermis and dermis dropped after UV irradiation, resulting in low levels of skin antioxidative molecules and leading to elevated expressions of the collagen degradation factors matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 and inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6.

Conclusions: Skin microbial characteristics have an impact in photoaging and the loss of microbe-derived antioxidative metabolites impairs skin cells and accelerates the aging process. Therefore, microbiome-based therapeutics may have potential in delaying skin aging.

Background/purpose: Existing phototherapies are ineffective for treating patients with vitiligo with complete leukotrichia. We compared the efficacy of reverse perilesional irradiation, during which only the lesional areas are covered, with conventional narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) home phototherapy for repigmentation of non-segmental vitiligo in patients with complete leukotrichia.

Methods: This was a 12-week, open-label, double-arm, multicenter clinical trial, with a total of 121 patients with non-segmental vitiligo who were randomly divided into two groups (both received topical tacrolimus): the conventional NB-UVB irradiation (CI) and reverse perilesional NB-UVB irradiation (RI) groups.

Results: A statistically significant difference in improvement from baseline was observed in the RI group compared with the findings in the CI group (-30.8% ± 11.8% vs. -25.5% ± 11.05%, respectively [p = .010]; pair-wise comparison p = .900 at week 4, p = .104 at week 8, and p = .010 at week 12). At week 12, the average percentage change from baseline of leukotrichia in the irradiation area significantly decreased from 100% to 82.2% ± 13.65% in the RI group, and from 100% to 88.7% ± 9.64% in the CI group (p = .027). Adverse events were minor, including desquamation, dryness, erythema, and blisters. No severe or lasting side effects were observed during the study.

Conclusion: RI mediated better repigmentation of vitiligo with complete leukotrichia than CI.