Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine最新文献

Background: Recommending comprehensive personalized photoprotection requires an accurate assessment of the patient's skin, including phototype, lifestyle, exposure conditions, environmental factors, and concomitant cutaneous conditions as well as deep knowledge of the available options: sunscreen ingredients (type of filters, spectrum coverage, sun protection factor, enhanced active ingredients), oral photoprotection, and other methods of sun protection and avoidance.

Objectives: To establish consensus-based recommendations endorsed by an international panel of experts for personalized medical photoprotection recommendations that are applicable globally.

Methods: A two-round Delphi study was designed to determine the degree of agreement and relevance of aspects related to personalized medical photoprotection. Items with ≥ 80% agreement and relevance were considered approved.

Results: A list of 28 recommendations for personalized medical photoprotection was approved by a panel of dermatology professionals from seven different countries. Recommendations were categorized as: (1) updated perspectives in photoprotection, (2) clinical management, (3) skin cancer prevention, (4) dark skin phototypes and skin prone to hyperpigmentation, and (5) age and lifestyle.

Conclusion: This study established recommendations for the implementation of personalized medical photoprotection worldwide, highlighting areas needing further scientific and clinical evidence.

Background: Acne vulgaris (acne) is one of the most common skin diseases with complex pathogenesis. Numerous studies have shown that the microecosystem of sebaceous glands and Cutibacterium acnes play key roles in its pathogenesis. Antibiotics targeting C. acnes have been widely used in acne treatment, but the growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has become alarming. Further research into the microecosystem of sebaceous glands and the role of specific C. acnes phylotypes in acne pathogenesis has led to a paradigm shift in acne treatment. Currently, non-antibiotic therapies such as light therapy and laser therapy are becoming increasingly popular, opening up new opportunities in acne management.

Methods: Studies on the microecosystem of sebaceous glands associated with acne and the effects of light and laser therapies on the microecosystem in acne treatment were retrieved from the PubMed database.

Results: Dysbiosis of the microecosystem of the pilosebaceous unit is closely related to the pathogenesis of acne. Light and laser therapies have an impact on the microecosystem of the pilosebaceous unit in acne treatment.

Conclusions: Light and laser therapies are the popular alternative options in acne treatment. The mechanisms of their effect on the microecosystem of sebaceous glands are not completely clear and require further research, especially for laser therapy.

Background: Due to the global rise in UV radiation, the prevalence of skin cancer is increasing significantly, with outdoor athletes being identified as a particularly vulnerable population group.

Methods: This nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted among adult coaches from the 10 largest outdoor sports associations in Germany. Their applied prevention measures and the potential for further improvement in prevention were evaluated by guideline based scores (range [0-100]). Additionally, sport-, coach-, and club-specific variables were analysed and barriers that prevent comprehensive UV prevention were identified.

Results: The UV prevention practice of the 1200 participating coaches averaged 53.43 ± 16.37 [0.00-95.31], while the potential UV prevention options were assessed at a comparatively higher value of 58.82 ± 17.53 [0-100]. Notably, the proper use of sunscreen emerged as the most neglected preventive measure. Coaches identified the greatest potential for improvement in sunscreen renewal, water-resistant sun protection products and sunglasses. The study also revealed significant differences in UV protection practices between different sports, with soccer, tennis, and swimming exhibiting the most pronounced deficits. Factors such as coach qualification and experience, as well as club size and the size of training groups influenced the level of UV protection implemented. Many coaches cited various implementation obstacles such as fixed training times and resource constraints.

Conclusion: The study highlights specific areas for improvement in UV protection practices in outdoor sports, considering differences on sport, coach, and club levels. The significant number of active athletes in these sports underscores the public health importance of addressing UV protection in this field.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) affects both men and women, characterized by progressive hair thinning. While current treatments like minoxidil and finasteride have efficacy limitations and side effects, low-level light therapy (LLLT) using red or near-infrared light has emerged as a promising alternative. Recent animal studies suggest potential benefits from green LED light, though human data are sparse.

Methods: This study utilized an innovative LED helmet emitting red and green LED light on respective halves of the frontal scalp, delivering an energy density of 40 J/cm² over 20 min. Clinical photography, physician evaluations on a 7-point scale, patient satisfaction, and measurements of hair density and hair diameter were employed. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Seventeen participants (47.1% male, 52.9% female, average age 46.47 years) demonstrated notable improvements after 6 months of treatment. Red and green LEDs both significantly increased hair diameter, non-vellus hair density, and satisfaction scores. Notably, the red LED therapy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in vellus hair density and achieved a greater increase in hair diameter compared to the green LED therapy. Minimal adverse effects were reported, primarily consisting of tolerable scalp heat and mild redness.

Conclusion: Both red and green LED therapies effectively enhanced hair growth, increasing density and thickness over 6 months. Red LED demonstrated superior improvements in specific measures. Consequently, both therapies present safe and viable alternatives for the management of AGA, expanding the repertoire of available treatment options.

Background: Exposure to solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation significantly accelerates skin aging by inducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-1, leading to alterations in the extracellular matrix and consequent photoaging. Some plant components, renowned for their UV-absorbing and antioxidative properties, show potential for mitigating photoaging by reducing UV-B-induced MMP levels. In this context, we explored the inhibitory effects of Clerodendrum trichotomum extract (CTE) on UV-B-induced skin damage.

Methods: The mechanism of CTE was predicted using network pharmacology approach. Also, antiaging efficacy was evaluated by mouse model and cellular system using human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa), including its modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.

Results: CTE effectively counters UV-B-induced skin damage, as evidenced by the suppression of MMP-9 and MMP-1 expression in mice. We found that each fraction and chemical constituents of CTE suppressed UV-B-induced MMP-1 secretion in HEKa cells.

Conclusion: CTE inhibits UV-B-induced skin aging by partially suppressing MMP-1 and MMP-9 secretion via the modulation of MAPK signaling pathways.

Background: Mitochondria could be an important target for ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced skin damage. Therefore, protecting mitochondria using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may protect skin from UV-induced photodamage.

Methods: In the present study, UVR-induced skin damage model was developed by irradiating male Wistar rats with UVB at a dose of 120 mJ/cm², twice a week for a period of 5 weeks. Mito-TEMPO was administered intraperitoneally (0.1 mg/kg b.w.) twice a week for 5 weeks. After 5 weeks of treatment period, animals were sacrificed and the dorsal skin tissues were collected. Physical examinations of the skin for analyzing wrinkle formation and epidermal thickening were carried out. Skin tissues were used for the evaluation of histopathological changes, mitochondrial dysfunction analysis, and mitochondrial membrane potential.

Results: Physical and histological examination showed that mito-TEMPO protected from the damaging effect of UVB radiation. A significant increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation with a concomitant increase in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation (mtLPO) was observed in UV-irradiated groups. UV-induced generation of mtROS and mtLPO formation was effectively reduced by mito-TEMPO. Mito-TEMPO pre-treatment improved mitochondrial complex II activity, which was significantly reduced in the UV-irradiated group.

Conclusion: The results suggested that mito-TEMPO effectively protected skin tissue against UV-induced oxidative stress and damage.