Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2233838
M. Selina, K. Efimova, Tatiana V. Morozova, M. Hoppenrath
ABSTRACT Two new marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species from subtidal sand collected in Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, were described by morphological and molecular methods. Both species were slightly flattened dorsoventrally or laterally, roughly oval in shape, with small epitheca and large hypotheca, with ascending cingulum, and sulcus covered by a wide list of the first postcingular plate. The species differed in the thecal ornamentation, the number of epithecal plates, the shape of the left sulcal list and the shape of the fifth postcingular plate. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on LSU rDNA sequences of the two new species and their morphological characters confirmed their monophyly and justified the establishment of a new genus, Aliferia gen. nov., with Al. nikselinii sp. nov. and Al. kharlamenkoi sp. nov. The new genus was characterized by dorsoventrally or laterally flattened cells with small epitheca and large hypotheca, ascending cingulum, shifted or not shifted sulcus covered by a wide list on the left side, and with one or two ventral spines. Thecal tabulation: APC 3′ 2a 6–7′′ 2? or 3c 5s 5′′′ 1′′′′. Distance-based analyses indicated Diplopsalidoideae as the closest phylogroup to Aliferia. Seven phylogroups of the Amphidiniopsis complex, Herdmania, the Protoperidinium complex, and Archaeperidinium (Clade ‘Y’) were grouped with the highest support values, and Aliferia formed an independent branch basal to members of Clade ‘Y’. The genus Aliferia showed morphological similarity to both sand-dwelling (Amphidiniopsis and Herdmania) and planktonic (Diplopsalidoideae) species. The morphology and phylogeny of Aliferia suggested complex taxonomic relationships between the planktonic and benthic genera.
{"title":"Morpho-molecular description of the new sand-dwelling dinoflagellate genus Aliferia gen. nov. (Dinophyceae) from the Sea of Japan, including two new species","authors":"M. Selina, K. Efimova, Tatiana V. Morozova, M. Hoppenrath","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2233838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2233838","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Two new marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species from subtidal sand collected in Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, were described by morphological and molecular methods. Both species were slightly flattened dorsoventrally or laterally, roughly oval in shape, with small epitheca and large hypotheca, with ascending cingulum, and sulcus covered by a wide list of the first postcingular plate. The species differed in the thecal ornamentation, the number of epithecal plates, the shape of the left sulcal list and the shape of the fifth postcingular plate. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on LSU rDNA sequences of the two new species and their morphological characters confirmed their monophyly and justified the establishment of a new genus, Aliferia gen. nov., with Al. nikselinii sp. nov. and Al. kharlamenkoi sp. nov. The new genus was characterized by dorsoventrally or laterally flattened cells with small epitheca and large hypotheca, ascending cingulum, shifted or not shifted sulcus covered by a wide list on the left side, and with one or two ventral spines. Thecal tabulation: APC 3′ 2a 6–7′′ 2? or 3c 5s 5′′′ 1′′′′. Distance-based analyses indicated Diplopsalidoideae as the closest phylogroup to Aliferia. Seven phylogroups of the Amphidiniopsis complex, Herdmania, the Protoperidinium complex, and Archaeperidinium (Clade ‘Y’) were grouped with the highest support values, and Aliferia formed an independent branch basal to members of Clade ‘Y’. The genus Aliferia showed morphological similarity to both sand-dwelling (Amphidiniopsis and Herdmania) and planktonic (Diplopsalidoideae) species. The morphology and phylogeny of Aliferia suggested complex taxonomic relationships between the planktonic and benthic genera.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"366 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47201529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2220465
C. Rodríguez-Prieto, Jordi Morcillo
ABSTRACT Dudresnaya (Dumontiaceae, Gigartinales) and Acrosymphyton (Acrosymphytaceae, Acrosymphytales) are florideophycean genera (Rhodophyta) traditionally described as presenting a typical non-procarpic behaviour. The post-fertilization stages of their corresponding generitypes, D. verticillata and A. purpuriferum, have been described on many occasions. Nevertheless, some recent observations led the authors of this study to look more deeply into the development of the carpogonial and auxiliary fusion cells in the generitypes. Main results include a) description of the carpogonial fusion cell development by secondary connection (via fusion in D. verticillata and via conjunctor cells in A. purpuriferum); b) assessment of the existence, prior to diploidization, of primary auxiliary fusion cells in both species, and the description of their development and also that of the auxiliary fusion cells; and c) observation of occasional procarpic behaviour in both species, with gonimoblast developing from the secondary connecting filament initials in D. verticillata and from the carpogonial fusion complex in A. purpuriferum. The study has increased the understanding of the post-fertilization processes and supports the hypothesis that the procarpic behaviour is secondarily derived from non-procarpic ancestors.
{"title":"New insights into post-fertilization in Dudresnaya (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) and Acrosymphyton (Acrosymphytales, Rhodophyta)","authors":"C. Rodríguez-Prieto, Jordi Morcillo","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2220465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2220465","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dudresnaya (Dumontiaceae, Gigartinales) and Acrosymphyton (Acrosymphytaceae, Acrosymphytales) are florideophycean genera (Rhodophyta) traditionally described as presenting a typical non-procarpic behaviour. The post-fertilization stages of their corresponding generitypes, D. verticillata and A. purpuriferum, have been described on many occasions. Nevertheless, some recent observations led the authors of this study to look more deeply into the development of the carpogonial and auxiliary fusion cells in the generitypes. Main results include a) description of the carpogonial fusion cell development by secondary connection (via fusion in D. verticillata and via conjunctor cells in A. purpuriferum); b) assessment of the existence, prior to diploidization, of primary auxiliary fusion cells in both species, and the description of their development and also that of the auxiliary fusion cells; and c) observation of occasional procarpic behaviour in both species, with gonimoblast developing from the secondary connecting filament initials in D. verticillata and from the carpogonial fusion complex in A. purpuriferum. The study has increased the understanding of the post-fertilization processes and supports the hypothesis that the procarpic behaviour is secondarily derived from non-procarpic ancestors.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"324 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48663557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2231783
K. Efimova, M. A. Shulgina, O. Shevchenko
ABSTRACT Thalassiosira allenii is reported for the first time from marine phytoplankton of the Russian far East. Five strains representing three morphological variants of T. allenii, from three locations in the Sea of Japan, were investigated. The D8–D10 domain of LSU rDNA and rbcL of T. allenii were sequenced for the first time. Three morphological forms of T. allenii showed completely identical rbcL sequences and distinctly different nuclear rDNA sequences. The genetic differences between morphotypes were determined by the number of allelic variants of LSU rDNA, one of which was common to all studied strains. Two different types of the D1–D3 domain and three different types of the D8–D10 divergent domain were detected in the cultured strains of T. allenii. The three morphotypes are described in detail and compared. One allele of D1–D3 and one allele of D8–D10 were identified in the strains of T. allenii from two stations in Ussuri Bay. Two and three alleles of the D8–D10 domain were identified in the strains with an ambiguous morphotype and in T. allenii var. striata, respectively, from one station in Amur Bay. Subdivision of T. allenii into morphotypes based on morphology matched that based on molecular-genetic analyses using D8–D10 LSU rDNA. Caution is recommended in using LSU rDNA sequences and rbcL divergence as the principal criterion for delimiting and metabarcoding T. allenii varieties/morphotypes. The lack of genetic differentiation in rbcL, and the presence of clear intra-specific genetic differentiation among morphotypes in two regions of LSU rDNA suggest a link between morphological differences and the nuclear genome. The D8–D10 domain of LSU rDNA appears more suitable for discriminating morphotypes within T. allenii. The rbcL is an effective marker for recognizing T. allenii at species level, but not at infraspecific level.
{"title":"Intraspecific heterogeneity, multiple allelism and morphological divergence between morphotypes of Thalassiosira allenii (Bacillariophyta) from the Sea of Japan","authors":"K. Efimova, M. A. Shulgina, O. Shevchenko","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2231783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2231783","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Thalassiosira allenii is reported for the first time from marine phytoplankton of the Russian far East. Five strains representing three morphological variants of T. allenii, from three locations in the Sea of Japan, were investigated. The D8–D10 domain of LSU rDNA and rbcL of T. allenii were sequenced for the first time. Three morphological forms of T. allenii showed completely identical rbcL sequences and distinctly different nuclear rDNA sequences. The genetic differences between morphotypes were determined by the number of allelic variants of LSU rDNA, one of which was common to all studied strains. Two different types of the D1–D3 domain and three different types of the D8–D10 divergent domain were detected in the cultured strains of T. allenii. The three morphotypes are described in detail and compared. One allele of D1–D3 and one allele of D8–D10 were identified in the strains of T. allenii from two stations in Ussuri Bay. Two and three alleles of the D8–D10 domain were identified in the strains with an ambiguous morphotype and in T. allenii var. striata, respectively, from one station in Amur Bay. Subdivision of T. allenii into morphotypes based on morphology matched that based on molecular-genetic analyses using D8–D10 LSU rDNA. Caution is recommended in using LSU rDNA sequences and rbcL divergence as the principal criterion for delimiting and metabarcoding T. allenii varieties/morphotypes. The lack of genetic differentiation in rbcL, and the presence of clear intra-specific genetic differentiation among morphotypes in two regions of LSU rDNA suggest a link between morphological differences and the nuclear genome. The D8–D10 domain of LSU rDNA appears more suitable for discriminating morphotypes within T. allenii. The rbcL is an effective marker for recognizing T. allenii at species level, but not at infraspecific level.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"352 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41668365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2214777
D. Barreto, A. Tonietto, Everton Willian Rodrigues da Silva Oliveira, Clarice Dias Britto Amaral, R. C. Pulgrossi, A. Polpo, J. Nóbrega, A. T. Lombardi
ABSTRACT Nanoparticles (NPs) are highly reactive particles that find a broad array of applications in society; as a result, they may accumulate in aquatic environments. Microalgae are the base of foodwebs and serve as surfaces for NPs, interacting and transporting them to higher trophic levels. We aimed at understanding the effects of environmentally significant and higher copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of Chlorella sorokiniana, which included determining effective quantum yield (F’v/F’m), photochemical (Qp) and non-photochemical (NPQ) quenching, rapid light curves (RLC), light use efficiency (α), minimum saturation irradiance (Ek) and the maximum relative electron transport rate (ETRrmax), in addition to chlorophyll a content and cell viability. Dissolved Cu and free ionic Cu concentrations were determined, and dissolved Cu values were used as surrogate for nominal Cu-NPs concentrations. The experiments lasted 72 h and were carried out under controlled conditions. The results showed that cell viability and chlorophyll a decreased as Cu-NPs increased, but the opposite was obtained for the RLC parameters. Light saturation (Ek) and ETR increased as Cu-NPs concentrations increased in culture medium, but not the efficiency with which C. sorokiniana used the light. By showing that environmentally relevant Cu-NPs influenced C. sorokiniana metabolism, we add to the knowledge on the interactions between environmentally realistic Cu-NPs levels and phytoplankton cells.
{"title":"Photosynthesis-related responses of Chlorella sorokiniana (Trebouxiophyceae) to environmentally relevant concentrations of Cu nanoparticles","authors":"D. Barreto, A. Tonietto, Everton Willian Rodrigues da Silva Oliveira, Clarice Dias Britto Amaral, R. C. Pulgrossi, A. Polpo, J. Nóbrega, A. T. Lombardi","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2214777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2214777","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nanoparticles (NPs) are highly reactive particles that find a broad array of applications in society; as a result, they may accumulate in aquatic environments. Microalgae are the base of foodwebs and serve as surfaces for NPs, interacting and transporting them to higher trophic levels. We aimed at understanding the effects of environmentally significant and higher copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of Chlorella sorokiniana, which included determining effective quantum yield (F’v/F’m), photochemical (Qp) and non-photochemical (NPQ) quenching, rapid light curves (RLC), light use efficiency (α), minimum saturation irradiance (Ek) and the maximum relative electron transport rate (ETRrmax), in addition to chlorophyll a content and cell viability. Dissolved Cu and free ionic Cu concentrations were determined, and dissolved Cu values were used as surrogate for nominal Cu-NPs concentrations. The experiments lasted 72 h and were carried out under controlled conditions. The results showed that cell viability and chlorophyll a decreased as Cu-NPs increased, but the opposite was obtained for the RLC parameters. Light saturation (Ek) and ETR increased as Cu-NPs concentrations increased in culture medium, but not the efficiency with which C. sorokiniana used the light. By showing that environmentally relevant Cu-NPs influenced C. sorokiniana metabolism, we add to the knowledge on the interactions between environmentally realistic Cu-NPs levels and phytoplankton cells.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"315 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41652482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2217066
Takashi Hosoi, A. Kato
ABSTRACT Geniculate coralline algae in temperate waters form dense, carpet-like turfs and are prevalent in intertidal rocky habitats or as understory beneath canopy-forming seaweeds in shallow subtidal zones. Using laboratory cultures, we determined the optimum and vital growth conditions for sporelings of two geniculate species, Amphiroa cf. zonata and Corallina berteroi, which are dominant in temperate waters around Japan. Samples were genetically identified as matching those two species as known from the coasts of Japan and worldwide, respectively. The optimum water temperature range and the upper critical water temperatures for sporeling growth were similar for the two coralline species. The optimum growth temperatures of A. cf. zonata (25–30°C) and C. berteroi (20–25°C) were comparable to those for temperate seaweeds commonly found in the same temperate region of Japan as the study sites. However, the upper critical temperatures for growth (33°C in A. cf. zonata and 32°C in C. berteroi) were higher than what is known for temperate kelps, though similar to those for other macroalgae. Amphiroa cf. zonata in the upper subtidal zone exhibited photoinhibition in conditions of less than 400 µmol photons m–2 s–1, whereas C. berteroi in the intertidal zone did not show such photoinhibition. The difference in irradiance effects upon growth was inferred to be related to the species distributions in their local environments of the coastal zone.
{"title":"Effects of seawater temperature and irradiance on the growth of sporelings of Amphiroa cf. zonata and Corallina berteroi (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in Japan","authors":"Takashi Hosoi, A. Kato","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2217066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2217066","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Geniculate coralline algae in temperate waters form dense, carpet-like turfs and are prevalent in intertidal rocky habitats or as understory beneath canopy-forming seaweeds in shallow subtidal zones. Using laboratory cultures, we determined the optimum and vital growth conditions for sporelings of two geniculate species, Amphiroa cf. zonata and Corallina berteroi, which are dominant in temperate waters around Japan. Samples were genetically identified as matching those two species as known from the coasts of Japan and worldwide, respectively. The optimum water temperature range and the upper critical water temperatures for sporeling growth were similar for the two coralline species. The optimum growth temperatures of A. cf. zonata (25–30°C) and C. berteroi (20–25°C) were comparable to those for temperate seaweeds commonly found in the same temperate region of Japan as the study sites. However, the upper critical temperatures for growth (33°C in A. cf. zonata and 32°C in C. berteroi) were higher than what is known for temperate kelps, though similar to those for other macroalgae. Amphiroa cf. zonata in the upper subtidal zone exhibited photoinhibition in conditions of less than 400 µmol photons m–2 s–1, whereas C. berteroi in the intertidal zone did not show such photoinhibition. The difference in irradiance effects upon growth was inferred to be related to the species distributions in their local environments of the coastal zone.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49154575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2210490
S. Dudgeon, J. Kübler, B. Beal, R. Steneck
{"title":"ROBERT L. VADAS (5 August 1936–11 February 2023)","authors":"S. Dudgeon, J. Kübler, B. Beal, R. Steneck","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2210490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2210490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"391 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44781469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2210979
Yen-Zhen Tan, Li-Chia Liu, L. Tseng, Showe-Mei Lin
ABSTRACT Sporolithon is a common genus of crustose coralline algae occurring at Taoyuan algal reefs in Northwest Taiwan. However, little is known of the reproductive cycles and growth pattern of the genus in relation to environmental changes. In this study, the asexual and sexual reproductive stages of a dominant species of Sporolithon (Sporolithon sp.) occurring in different seasons were documented in detail for the first time based on collections made from the reefs during 2020–2022. Sexual reproductive structures (spermatangial or carposporangial conceptacles) were found all year round, whereas asexual reproductive structures (tetrasporangial compartments) appeared only in the summer and autumn, when sea surface temperature rose above 25°C. These results suggest that the reproductive cycle of this dominant species of Sporolithon is largely affected by sea surface temperature, which ranged between 13.5 and 31.5°C. Furthermore, the high ratio of sterile thalli found in most seasons suggests that the dominant Sporolithon sp. can thrive in environments having variable temperature by vegetative growth. In addition, almost all old gametophytes of Sporolithon sp. have multiple bands of embedded spermatangial or carposporangial conceptacles (up to six layers), suggesting that Sporolithon sp. is a perennial species. Further investigation into the growth pattern and reproductive cycles for other reef-building crustose coralline species occurring in Taoyuan algal reefs is needed to establish a set of biological baseline data for future conservation plans and guidelines.
{"title":"Reproductive phenology of a dominant crustose coralline alga, Sporolithon sp., from Taoyuan algal reefs in Northwest Taiwan","authors":"Yen-Zhen Tan, Li-Chia Liu, L. Tseng, Showe-Mei Lin","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2210979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2210979","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sporolithon is a common genus of crustose coralline algae occurring at Taoyuan algal reefs in Northwest Taiwan. However, little is known of the reproductive cycles and growth pattern of the genus in relation to environmental changes. In this study, the asexual and sexual reproductive stages of a dominant species of Sporolithon (Sporolithon sp.) occurring in different seasons were documented in detail for the first time based on collections made from the reefs during 2020–2022. Sexual reproductive structures (spermatangial or carposporangial conceptacles) were found all year round, whereas asexual reproductive structures (tetrasporangial compartments) appeared only in the summer and autumn, when sea surface temperature rose above 25°C. These results suggest that the reproductive cycle of this dominant species of Sporolithon is largely affected by sea surface temperature, which ranged between 13.5 and 31.5°C. Furthermore, the high ratio of sterile thalli found in most seasons suggests that the dominant Sporolithon sp. can thrive in environments having variable temperature by vegetative growth. In addition, almost all old gametophytes of Sporolithon sp. have multiple bands of embedded spermatangial or carposporangial conceptacles (up to six layers), suggesting that Sporolithon sp. is a perennial species. Further investigation into the growth pattern and reproductive cycles for other reef-building crustose coralline species occurring in Taoyuan algal reefs is needed to establish a set of biological baseline data for future conservation plans and guidelines.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2202533
Li-Chia Liu, Showe-Mei Lin
ABSTRACT Phymatolithon is a dominant genus in the algal reefs in Northwest Taiwan. In this study, we describe three new species of Phymatolithon, P. fragile sp. nov., P. taiwanense sp. nov. and P. variabile sp. nov., based on morpho-anatomical characters examined with both light and electron microscopy, and DNA sequence analyses. Phymatolithon fragile is only found in northern Taiwan (a subtropical area) and can be separated from the other species from Taiwan based on its thin thallus (<130 µm thick when mature vs >200 µm in other species) and the possession of bisporangia only. Phymatolithon taiwanense and P. variabile are widely distributed in both northern (subtropical) and southern (tropical) Taiwan and can only be distinguished by a combination of characters relating to the sizes of tetrasporangial compartments and the number of cell layers in cortex and medulla. In addition, P. taiwanense and P. variabile are the first two species of Phymatolithon shown to occur in tropical waters. This study suggests that our knowledge of the species diversity of Phymatolithon in tropical regions, particularly in the Indo-Pacific, will increase when more collections are made and analysed by a combination of morphological and molecular approaches.
{"title":"Systematic revision of the non-geniculate coralline genus Phymatolithon (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta) from Taiwan, including three new species","authors":"Li-Chia Liu, Showe-Mei Lin","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2202533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2202533","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phymatolithon is a dominant genus in the algal reefs in Northwest Taiwan. In this study, we describe three new species of Phymatolithon, P. fragile sp. nov., P. taiwanense sp. nov. and P. variabile sp. nov., based on morpho-anatomical characters examined with both light and electron microscopy, and DNA sequence analyses. Phymatolithon fragile is only found in northern Taiwan (a subtropical area) and can be separated from the other species from Taiwan based on its thin thallus (<130 µm thick when mature vs >200 µm in other species) and the possession of bisporangia only. Phymatolithon taiwanense and P. variabile are widely distributed in both northern (subtropical) and southern (tropical) Taiwan and can only be distinguished by a combination of characters relating to the sizes of tetrasporangial compartments and the number of cell layers in cortex and medulla. In addition, P. taiwanense and P. variabile are the first two species of Phymatolithon shown to occur in tropical waters. This study suggests that our knowledge of the species diversity of Phymatolithon in tropical regions, particularly in the Indo-Pacific, will increase when more collections are made and analysed by a combination of morphological and molecular approaches.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46561630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2204681
Koyo Kuwata, Wai Mun Lum, Kazuya Takahashi, Garry Benico, H. Uchida, M. Ozawa, Ryoji Matsushima, Ryuichi Watanabe, H. Oikawa, Toshiyuki Suzuki, M. Iwataki
ABSTRACT The marine thecate dinoflagellate Azadinium includes species known to produce the diarrhetic shellfish toxins known as azaspiracids (AZAs). In this study, the morphology of a thecate dinoflagellate isolated from Mutsu Bay, Japan, was examined by LM and SEM, and its phylogenetic position was inferred from ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. The production of AZAs was examined by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Cells were elliptical, 15.9–22.4 µm long and 11.1–17.1 µm wide. A chloroplast was positioned peripherally, with a pyrenoid near the cingulum, and the nucleus was placed in the hyposome. The hyposome was smaller than the episome, with an antapical spine on plate 2''''. Thecal tabulation was Po, cp, X, 4', 3a, 6'', 6C, 5S, 6''', 2''''. The apical pore complex consisted of a symmetrical apical pore plate (Po), a cover plate (cp) and a small canal plate (X), and was surrounded by a prominent collar formed by the apical plates. A ventral pore was located on the mid-anterior edge of plate 1' and contacted with the X-plate and/or the ventral left of plate Po. Plate 1'' was in contact with plate 1a. AZA was not detected in the cultures. Molecular phylogeny showed that the species was related to Azadinium species that possess the ventral pore on the left side of plate 1', i.e. A. cuneatum, A. dalianense, A. obesum, A. poporum, A. spinosum and A. trinitatum, but that it was not included in these species. The new species Azadinium anteroporum sp. nov. differs in the ventral pore position (mid-anterior edge of plate 1') from these related species (which have the ventral pore on the left side of plate 1'), and from A. polongum (with ventral pore on the posterior left side of 1') and all other Azadinium species (with ventral pore on the right side of 1').
{"title":"A new small thecate dinoflagellate Azadinium anteroporum sp. nov. (Amphidomataceae, Dinophyceae) isolated from the Asian Pacific","authors":"Koyo Kuwata, Wai Mun Lum, Kazuya Takahashi, Garry Benico, H. Uchida, M. Ozawa, Ryoji Matsushima, Ryuichi Watanabe, H. Oikawa, Toshiyuki Suzuki, M. Iwataki","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2204681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2204681","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The marine thecate dinoflagellate Azadinium includes species known to produce the diarrhetic shellfish toxins known as azaspiracids (AZAs). In this study, the morphology of a thecate dinoflagellate isolated from Mutsu Bay, Japan, was examined by LM and SEM, and its phylogenetic position was inferred from ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. The production of AZAs was examined by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). Cells were elliptical, 15.9–22.4 µm long and 11.1–17.1 µm wide. A chloroplast was positioned peripherally, with a pyrenoid near the cingulum, and the nucleus was placed in the hyposome. The hyposome was smaller than the episome, with an antapical spine on plate 2''''. Thecal tabulation was Po, cp, X, 4', 3a, 6'', 6C, 5S, 6''', 2''''. The apical pore complex consisted of a symmetrical apical pore plate (Po), a cover plate (cp) and a small canal plate (X), and was surrounded by a prominent collar formed by the apical plates. A ventral pore was located on the mid-anterior edge of plate 1' and contacted with the X-plate and/or the ventral left of plate Po. Plate 1'' was in contact with plate 1a. AZA was not detected in the cultures. Molecular phylogeny showed that the species was related to Azadinium species that possess the ventral pore on the left side of plate 1', i.e. A. cuneatum, A. dalianense, A. obesum, A. poporum, A. spinosum and A. trinitatum, but that it was not included in these species. The new species Azadinium anteroporum sp. nov. differs in the ventral pore position (mid-anterior edge of plate 1') from these related species (which have the ventral pore on the left side of plate 1'), and from A. polongum (with ventral pore on the posterior left side of 1') and all other Azadinium species (with ventral pore on the right side of 1').","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"303 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42232669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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