Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2202520
O. Bulut, Çağla Sönmez, H. Öktem
ABSTRACT Oxidative stress damages cellular components and may lead to cell death when it is not effectively counterbalanced by the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Exogenous sources of antioxidants are also necessary to cope with high levels of free radicals. Microalgae are rich sources of diverse metabolites with high antioxidant potential. In this study, metabolites of Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03, a green microalga previously isolated from thermal springs in Türkiye, were chemically fractionated using four solvents (ethanol-water, ethyl acetate, hexane and water). The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities, total phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids. The highest antioxidant capacity, phenolic and carotenoid contents were obtained in the ethanol-water extracts. The antioxidant capacity in the ethanol-water extracts was measured as 12.42 ± 1.21 μmol Trolox g–1 DW and 67.98 ± 3.45 μmol Trolox g–1 DW by DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. Twelve different phenolic compounds in the ethanol-water and ethyl acetate extracts were quantified by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Quercetin and rutin were the most abundant phenolics in the ethanol-water extracts, whereas the ethyl acetate extract was rich in phenolic precursor, benzoic acid. Finally, the cytoprotective effect of ethanol-water extracts of H. tetrachotoma ME03 against H2O2-induced oxidative damage was investigated using an in vitro cell line model of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7). Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03 extracts significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in MCF7 cells. These findings suggest the strong cytoprotective activity of H. tetrachotoma ME03 extracts, which may be conferred by its antioxidative properties.
{"title":"Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03 (Chlorophyta) has high phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cells","authors":"O. Bulut, Çağla Sönmez, H. Öktem","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2202520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2202520","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Oxidative stress damages cellular components and may lead to cell death when it is not effectively counterbalanced by the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Exogenous sources of antioxidants are also necessary to cope with high levels of free radicals. Microalgae are rich sources of diverse metabolites with high antioxidant potential. In this study, metabolites of Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03, a green microalga previously isolated from thermal springs in Türkiye, were chemically fractionated using four solvents (ethanol-water, ethyl acetate, hexane and water). The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities, total phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids. The highest antioxidant capacity, phenolic and carotenoid contents were obtained in the ethanol-water extracts. The antioxidant capacity in the ethanol-water extracts was measured as 12.42 ± 1.21 μmol Trolox g–1 DW and 67.98 ± 3.45 μmol Trolox g–1 DW by DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. Twelve different phenolic compounds in the ethanol-water and ethyl acetate extracts were quantified by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Quercetin and rutin were the most abundant phenolics in the ethanol-water extracts, whereas the ethyl acetate extract was rich in phenolic precursor, benzoic acid. Finally, the cytoprotective effect of ethanol-water extracts of H. tetrachotoma ME03 against H2O2-induced oxidative damage was investigated using an in vitro cell line model of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7). Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03 extracts significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in MCF7 cells. These findings suggest the strong cytoprotective activity of H. tetrachotoma ME03 extracts, which may be conferred by its antioxidative properties.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"293 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44072308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2197636
B. C. V. Narvarte, L. A. R. Hinaloc, Shienna Mae C. Gonzaga, Bea A. Crisostomo, T. G. Genovia, M. Roleda
ABSTRACT Calcified macroalgae are essential components of marine ecosystem, yet much of their physiology remains to be understood. Here, the nutrient (NO3– and PO4–3) uptake physiologies of two branched macroalgae, Actinotrichia fragilis (Nemaliophycidae) and Amphiroa fragilissima (Corallinophycidae), and the non-geniculate rhodolith Sporolithon sp. (Corallinophycidae) were examined. Sporolithon sp. had the lowest uptake rate through time and the three calcified macroalgae had a surge in NO3– and PO4–3 uptake that occurred between 3 and 20 min, with a maximum uptake at 3 min, after which the nutrient uptake rates declined. The NO3– uptake of the three calcified macroalgae followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. For NO3– uptake, Sporolithon sp. had the lowest Km (2.72 ± 0.97 µM), Vmax (0.08 ± 0.01 µmol gDW–1 h–1), Vmax/Km (0.05 ± 0.03 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1) and α (0.01 ± 0.00 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1), while A. fragilis had the highest Km (12.35 ± 0.71 µM) and Vmax (6.41 ± 0.23 µmol gDW–1 h–1), and A. fragilissima had the highest Vmax/Km (1.52 ± 0.26 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1) and α (0.37 ± 0.01 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1). Moreover, the PO4–3 uptake rate of the three species was faster at higher PO4–3 levels. These differences in species-specific nutrient uptake traits are likely caused by differences in morphology. These traits are important for survival and proliferation of this group of marine organisms, particularly in a nutrient-variable environment.
{"title":"Nitrate and phosphate uptake of morphologically distinct calcified macroalgae","authors":"B. C. V. Narvarte, L. A. R. Hinaloc, Shienna Mae C. Gonzaga, Bea A. Crisostomo, T. G. Genovia, M. Roleda","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2197636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2197636","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Calcified macroalgae are essential components of marine ecosystem, yet much of their physiology remains to be understood. Here, the nutrient (NO3– and PO4–3) uptake physiologies of two branched macroalgae, Actinotrichia fragilis (Nemaliophycidae) and Amphiroa fragilissima (Corallinophycidae), and the non-geniculate rhodolith Sporolithon sp. (Corallinophycidae) were examined. Sporolithon sp. had the lowest uptake rate through time and the three calcified macroalgae had a surge in NO3– and PO4–3 uptake that occurred between 3 and 20 min, with a maximum uptake at 3 min, after which the nutrient uptake rates declined. The NO3– uptake of the three calcified macroalgae followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. For NO3– uptake, Sporolithon sp. had the lowest Km (2.72 ± 0.97 µM), Vmax (0.08 ± 0.01 µmol gDW–1 h–1), Vmax/Km (0.05 ± 0.03 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1) and α (0.01 ± 0.00 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1), while A. fragilis had the highest Km (12.35 ± 0.71 µM) and Vmax (6.41 ± 0.23 µmol gDW–1 h–1), and A. fragilissima had the highest Vmax/Km (1.52 ± 0.26 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1) and α (0.37 ± 0.01 µmol gDW–1 h–1 µM−1). Moreover, the PO4–3 uptake rate of the three species was faster at higher PO4–3 levels. These differences in species-specific nutrient uptake traits are likely caused by differences in morphology. These traits are important for survival and proliferation of this group of marine organisms, particularly in a nutrient-variable environment.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45000568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2202069
Lucie O. Hornberger, Isabella J. Maggard, R. Matthews, A. B. Cahoon
ABSTRACT Cryptomonas is a common metropolitan freshwater microalgal genus that is easily recognizable due to its distinctive asymmetric cellular morphology and swimming pattern. There are currently 71 recognized Cryptomonas species but these can be difficult to identify by cellular morphology alone. This makes estimation of Cryptomonas diversity from environmental samples challenging as it requires culturing of strains followed by sequencing of genetic markers for clear identifications. In this paper we describe the isolation and culture of Cryptomonas pyrenoidifera from a small ephemeral pool in Southwestern Virginia, USA, with an annual recurrent population of this genus. Genomic resources from this isolate, including complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, and nuclear and nucleomorph rRNA regions, were completed and archived. Metabarcoding, using lineage-directed primers designed to amplify the ITS2 region of Cryptomonas, was used to estimate an intra-specific variation of 99.3% for the C. pyrenoidifera ITS2 barcode from this natural environment. Metabarcoding also revealed that at least twelve phylogenetic species were present in this body of water. Our results provide new genomic resources for C. pyrenoidifera and suggest that metabarcoding with the ITS2 marker is a feasible approach to estimating Cryptomonas diversity and identification.
{"title":"Cryptomonas pyrenoidifera organellar genomes and estimation of its ITS2 sequence diversity using lineage directed barcode primers","authors":"Lucie O. Hornberger, Isabella J. Maggard, R. Matthews, A. B. Cahoon","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2202069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2202069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cryptomonas is a common metropolitan freshwater microalgal genus that is easily recognizable due to its distinctive asymmetric cellular morphology and swimming pattern. There are currently 71 recognized Cryptomonas species but these can be difficult to identify by cellular morphology alone. This makes estimation of Cryptomonas diversity from environmental samples challenging as it requires culturing of strains followed by sequencing of genetic markers for clear identifications. In this paper we describe the isolation and culture of Cryptomonas pyrenoidifera from a small ephemeral pool in Southwestern Virginia, USA, with an annual recurrent population of this genus. Genomic resources from this isolate, including complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, and nuclear and nucleomorph rRNA regions, were completed and archived. Metabarcoding, using lineage-directed primers designed to amplify the ITS2 region of Cryptomonas, was used to estimate an intra-specific variation of 99.3% for the C. pyrenoidifera ITS2 barcode from this natural environment. Metabarcoding also revealed that at least twelve phylogenetic species were present in this body of water. Our results provide new genomic resources for C. pyrenoidifera and suggest that metabarcoding with the ITS2 marker is a feasible approach to estimating Cryptomonas diversity and identification.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"280 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44392993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2201152
P. Volkova, E. V. Chemeris
ABSTRACT A phylogeographic approach is the only way to study the dispersal history of most algae, which are rarely preserved as fossils. However, the only freshwater alga for which this approach has been applied on a Eurasian scale is the endangered green alga Aegagropila linnaei, which is thought to be a poor disperser. Previous phylogeographic results were explained by stepwise dispersal across the Holarctic from an ancestral area in Japan, with further survival in European ice-dammed glacial lakes and extinction in continental Siberia, which lacks such refugia. To clarify the biogeography of A. linnaei in Eurasia we supplemented the published data on its ribotype (internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA) distribution with data from previously unexplored East Europe, Mongolia and the Russian Far East. We have found two new ribotypes, one scattered across temperate Europe and another confined to one locality in the north-eastern Russian Far East. We also expanded the distribution of a ribotype previously reported from Scotland and continental West Europe to include East Europe, Iceland and Central Mongolia. Phylogeogeographic approach based on enhanced sampling allowed us to refine the biogeography of A. linnaei. We discuss reasons for underestimation of A. linnaei dispersal potential. A focused inventory of A. linnaei will likely reveal new localities of the species enabling a further improvement in biogeographical reconstructions. Area-wide studies of other freshwater algae in Eurasia need to be performed to test the generality of the revealed biogeographical patterns.
{"title":"Enhanced sampling refines the biogeography of the freshwater green alga Aegagropila linnaei (Cladophoraceae)","authors":"P. Volkova, E. V. Chemeris","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2201152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2201152","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A phylogeographic approach is the only way to study the dispersal history of most algae, which are rarely preserved as fossils. However, the only freshwater alga for which this approach has been applied on a Eurasian scale is the endangered green alga Aegagropila linnaei, which is thought to be a poor disperser. Previous phylogeographic results were explained by stepwise dispersal across the Holarctic from an ancestral area in Japan, with further survival in European ice-dammed glacial lakes and extinction in continental Siberia, which lacks such refugia. To clarify the biogeography of A. linnaei in Eurasia we supplemented the published data on its ribotype (internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA) distribution with data from previously unexplored East Europe, Mongolia and the Russian Far East. We have found two new ribotypes, one scattered across temperate Europe and another confined to one locality in the north-eastern Russian Far East. We also expanded the distribution of a ribotype previously reported from Scotland and continental West Europe to include East Europe, Iceland and Central Mongolia. Phylogeogeographic approach based on enhanced sampling allowed us to refine the biogeography of A. linnaei. We discuss reasons for underestimation of A. linnaei dispersal potential. A focused inventory of A. linnaei will likely reveal new localities of the species enabling a further improvement in biogeographical reconstructions. Area-wide studies of other freshwater algae in Eurasia need to be performed to test the generality of the revealed biogeographical patterns.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"277 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2193121
D. Vidaković, Z. Levkov, J. Krizmanić, B. Beszteri, B. Gavrilović, Miloš Ćirić
ABSTRACT Combining morphological and molecular approaches, a new diatom species is described in the genus Mayamaea from a Special Nature Reserve, Okanj bara in Serbia, an alkaline and subsaline soda pan with pronounced seasonal drying. Mayamaea pannonica sp. nov. possesses typical characteristics of the genus Mayamaea, such as uniseriate striae and hymenes that cover the areolae from the outside. It can easily be distinguished from similar species by the valve outline and shape of the central area. Although presently no culture of the species is available, we identified in an amplicon data set from the same sample a partial 18S rRNA gene sequence that is thought to represent the new species, with high probability. A comparison of our sequence to those present in the Diat.barcode and NCBI databases showed that the sequence is closely related to, but significantly different from, that of Mayamaea terrestris. Natural saline habitats in Serbia and neighbouring countries are under anthropogenic threat and climate change, so knowing which species live here is the first step in preserving these unique habitats.
{"title":"A new small-celled naviculoid diatom species, Mayamaea pannonica sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae) from soda pans in Serbia","authors":"D. Vidaković, Z. Levkov, J. Krizmanić, B. Beszteri, B. Gavrilović, Miloš Ćirić","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2193121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2193121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Combining morphological and molecular approaches, a new diatom species is described in the genus Mayamaea from a Special Nature Reserve, Okanj bara in Serbia, an alkaline and subsaline soda pan with pronounced seasonal drying. Mayamaea pannonica sp. nov. possesses typical characteristics of the genus Mayamaea, such as uniseriate striae and hymenes that cover the areolae from the outside. It can easily be distinguished from similar species by the valve outline and shape of the central area. Although presently no culture of the species is available, we identified in an amplicon data set from the same sample a partial 18S rRNA gene sequence that is thought to represent the new species, with high probability. A comparison of our sequence to those present in the Diat.barcode and NCBI databases showed that the sequence is closely related to, but significantly different from, that of Mayamaea terrestris. Natural saline habitats in Serbia and neighbouring countries are under anthropogenic threat and climate change, so knowing which species live here is the first step in preserving these unique habitats.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"268 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48053128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2189408
Farida Salihu Muhammad, M. Chia, D. Abolude, Sulaiman Tanimu, Regina Anya Otogo
ABSTRACT The surfactant perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is used in various products, but its impact on aquatic organisms like cyanobacteria is poorly understood. PFOS was tested for acute toxicity on the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in terms of growth, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant response and microcystin production. When exposed to PFOS, the cyanobacterium was sensitive to it, showing significant inhibition of growth and reduction of pigment content. At the same time, exposure to PFOS resulted in a two-fold increase of the content of total carbohydrates and soluble proteins in the cells of M. aeruginosa. There was a significant increase in MDA and H2O2 levels in cells exposed to PFOS, but not in a concentration-dependent manner. Microcystin content tended to increase in PFOS-exposed cyanobacterial cells, although this change was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that when surfactants like PFOS are used in large quantities or concentrations, they could adversely affect Microcystis populations in the aquatic environment.
{"title":"Growth, antioxidant response and microcystin production by Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to the surfactant perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)","authors":"Farida Salihu Muhammad, M. Chia, D. Abolude, Sulaiman Tanimu, Regina Anya Otogo","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2189408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2189408","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The surfactant perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is used in various products, but its impact on aquatic organisms like cyanobacteria is poorly understood. PFOS was tested for acute toxicity on the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in terms of growth, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant response and microcystin production. When exposed to PFOS, the cyanobacterium was sensitive to it, showing significant inhibition of growth and reduction of pigment content. At the same time, exposure to PFOS resulted in a two-fold increase of the content of total carbohydrates and soluble proteins in the cells of M. aeruginosa. There was a significant increase in MDA and H2O2 levels in cells exposed to PFOS, but not in a concentration-dependent manner. Microcystin content tended to increase in PFOS-exposed cyanobacterial cells, although this change was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that when surfactants like PFOS are used in large quantities or concentrations, they could adversely affect Microcystis populations in the aquatic environment.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"259 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2188006
N. Chomérat, M. Saburova, Gwenael Bilien, F. Zentz, M. Hoppenrath
ABSTRACT A new thecate, photosynthetic, sand-dwelling marine dinoflagellate, Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov., observed in various locations from temperate to subtropical areas, is described based on detailed morphological and molecular data of material from Germany and Kuwait. Cells of C. sabulosa are oval, small (14.5–28.3 µm long and 11.1–18.0 µm wide), dorsoventrally compressed, and show a conspicuous apical hook projection pointing to the right. The epitheca is smaller than the hypotheca and the cingulum is ascending, about 3× its width. The thecal plate pattern is unusual and interpreted as APC, 4ʹ, 3a, 7ʹʹ, 5c, 4s, 6ʹʹʹ, 2ʹʹʹʹ. The APC comprises a narrow Po plate with a slit opening, located on the right-dorsal side, and it is covered by a projection of the first apical plate. Morphologically, the plate pattern has some affinities with Amphidiniella sedentaria, a sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species of roughly the same size and gross outline. However, the two taxa differ from each other in shape, size of epitheca and organization of the APC. They possess the same number of apical, precingular, postcingular and antapical plates but their relative sizes, shapes and especially the arrangement differs. Molecular phylogeny inferred from concatenated ribosomal genes reveals that C. sabulosa forms a well supported clade in the core dinoflagellates, but it is not related to any other existing taxa and diverges widely from A. sedentaria. From the present study, this new taxon appears very atypical among dinoflagellates, and further studies will be necessary to resolve its evolutionary position.
{"title":"Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a widely distributed but little-known sand-dwelling phototrophic dinoflagellate, Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov. (Dinophyceae, Alveolata)","authors":"N. Chomérat, M. Saburova, Gwenael Bilien, F. Zentz, M. Hoppenrath","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2188006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2188006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new thecate, photosynthetic, sand-dwelling marine dinoflagellate, Coutea sabulosa gen. & sp. nov., observed in various locations from temperate to subtropical areas, is described based on detailed morphological and molecular data of material from Germany and Kuwait. Cells of C. sabulosa are oval, small (14.5–28.3 µm long and 11.1–18.0 µm wide), dorsoventrally compressed, and show a conspicuous apical hook projection pointing to the right. The epitheca is smaller than the hypotheca and the cingulum is ascending, about 3× its width. The thecal plate pattern is unusual and interpreted as APC, 4ʹ, 3a, 7ʹʹ, 5c, 4s, 6ʹʹʹ, 2ʹʹʹʹ. The APC comprises a narrow Po plate with a slit opening, located on the right-dorsal side, and it is covered by a projection of the first apical plate. Morphologically, the plate pattern has some affinities with Amphidiniella sedentaria, a sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species of roughly the same size and gross outline. However, the two taxa differ from each other in shape, size of epitheca and organization of the APC. They possess the same number of apical, precingular, postcingular and antapical plates but their relative sizes, shapes and especially the arrangement differs. Molecular phylogeny inferred from concatenated ribosomal genes reveals that C. sabulosa forms a well supported clade in the core dinoflagellates, but it is not related to any other existing taxa and diverges widely from A. sedentaria. From the present study, this new taxon appears very atypical among dinoflagellates, and further studies will be necessary to resolve its evolutionary position.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"244 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48116655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2185433
Richard V. Dumilag, Glenn Cedrick V. Gamus, Sandra L. Yap
ABSTRACT A new filamentous bangialean alga, Pseudobangia corderoi sp. nov., is described from the northern Philippines. Locally known as a sea vegetable, this species was previously identified as ‘Bangia fuscopurpurea’. Inferred combined analyses of the nucleus-encoded SSU rDNA and the plastid-encoded RubisCO LSU (rbcL) gene indicate that P. corderoi is sister to another unidentified species of Pseudobangia (originally referred to also as ‘Bangia fuscopurpurea’) from Taiwan. Together, these two taxa formed the closest diverging lineage from Pseudobangia kaycoleae (generitype). Current molecular phylogenies have also yielded monophyly of Pseudobangia and strong support for a sister relationship with the ‘Bangia 2’ lineage. Molecular and geographic analyses clearly differentiate P. corderoi from other filamentous Bangiales, whereas morpho-anatomical analysis identified only one distinguishing character, i.e. larger dimensions of the thalli.
{"title":"Pseudobangia corderoi sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from the Philippines","authors":"Richard V. Dumilag, Glenn Cedrick V. Gamus, Sandra L. Yap","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2185433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2185433","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new filamentous bangialean alga, Pseudobangia corderoi sp. nov., is described from the northern Philippines. Locally known as a sea vegetable, this species was previously identified as ‘Bangia fuscopurpurea’. Inferred combined analyses of the nucleus-encoded SSU rDNA and the plastid-encoded RubisCO LSU (rbcL) gene indicate that P. corderoi is sister to another unidentified species of Pseudobangia (originally referred to also as ‘Bangia fuscopurpurea’) from Taiwan. Together, these two taxa formed the closest diverging lineage from Pseudobangia kaycoleae (generitype). Current molecular phylogenies have also yielded monophyly of Pseudobangia and strong support for a sister relationship with the ‘Bangia 2’ lineage. Molecular and geographic analyses clearly differentiate P. corderoi from other filamentous Bangiales, whereas morpho-anatomical analysis identified only one distinguishing character, i.e. larger dimensions of the thalli.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"237 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43401769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-02DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2159198
Soren R. Schipper, Jade Shivak, Katherine R. Hind, K. Miller, Jeffery R. Hughey, P. Gabrielson, P. Martone
ABSTRACT To determine whether Corallina chilensis is a distinct species or a variety (i.e. C. officinalis var. chilensis) of the generitype of Corallina, molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed using psbA, COI-5P, rbcL, or some combination of these gene regions from 75 voucher specimens representing Corallina collections from around the world. Names were applied by comparing these DNA sequences with sequences obtained from type specimens, including a 263 bp rbcL sequence from an isotype of C. chilensis collected by Darwin (C. Darwin 2151) from Valparaiso, Chile. DNA sequences from the C. chilensis isotype matched unnamed coralline DNA sequences from British Columbia, Canada, and previously published DNA sequences from the northeast and southeast Pacific. The clade containing the isotype of C. chilensis was distinct from C. officinalis specimens in phylogenetic analyses. Although morphologically variable, fronds of C. chilensis from British Columbia populations matched Kützing’s original description of C. officinalis var. chilensis. These data support the conclusion that C. chilensis is a distinct species, not a variety of C. officinalis, and is distributed in both hemispheres. While this study strongly supported C. chilensis as a distinct species, phylogenetic relationships among Corallina species remain elusive because individual gene trees are not congruent.
摘要:为了确定红铃虫是红铃虫属(Corallina chilensis)的一个独立种还是一个变种(即C. officinalis var. chilensis)，我们使用psbA、COI-5P、rbcL或这些基因区域的某些组合对来自世界各地的75个红铃虫标本进行了分子系统发育分析。通过将这些DNA序列与从模式标本中获得的序列进行比较，其中包括达尔文(C. Darwin 2151)从智利瓦尔帕莱索收集的chilensis同种型中获得的263 bp rbcL序列。来自chilensis同种型的DNA序列与来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的未命名珊瑚的DNA序列以及先前发表的来自东北和东南太平洋的DNA序列相匹配。在系统发育分析中，含有同型辣椒的枝与officinalis标本有明显的区别。尽管在形态上存在差异，但来自不列颠哥伦比亚省种群的chilensis叶片与k tzing对chilensis的原始描述相匹配。这些数据支持了辣椒是一个独特的物种，而不是officinalis的变种，并且分布在两个半球的结论。虽然本研究有力地支持了珊瑚是一个独特的物种，但由于个体基因树不一致，珊瑚种之间的系统发育关系仍然难以捉摸。
{"title":"Reinstatement of Corallina chilensis (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) based on DNA sequencing of the type material collected by Darwin","authors":"Soren R. Schipper, Jade Shivak, Katherine R. Hind, K. Miller, Jeffery R. Hughey, P. Gabrielson, P. Martone","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2159198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2159198","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To determine whether Corallina chilensis is a distinct species or a variety (i.e. C. officinalis var. chilensis) of the generitype of Corallina, molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed using psbA, COI-5P, rbcL, or some combination of these gene regions from 75 voucher specimens representing Corallina collections from around the world. Names were applied by comparing these DNA sequences with sequences obtained from type specimens, including a 263 bp rbcL sequence from an isotype of C. chilensis collected by Darwin (C. Darwin 2151) from Valparaiso, Chile. DNA sequences from the C. chilensis isotype matched unnamed coralline DNA sequences from British Columbia, Canada, and previously published DNA sequences from the northeast and southeast Pacific. The clade containing the isotype of C. chilensis was distinct from C. officinalis specimens in phylogenetic analyses. Although morphologically variable, fronds of C. chilensis from British Columbia populations matched Kützing’s original description of C. officinalis var. chilensis. These data support the conclusion that C. chilensis is a distinct species, not a variety of C. officinalis, and is distributed in both hemispheres. While this study strongly supported C. chilensis as a distinct species, phylogenetic relationships among Corallina species remain elusive because individual gene trees are not congruent.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"203 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47511614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2184126
C. Pennesi, T. Romagnoli, M. Mutalipassi, M. de Stefano, S. Greco, C. Totti
ABSTRACT Two epizoic species of Mastogloia, one of them a new taxon, have been found for the first time growing on the carapace of sea turtle Chelonia mydas from the Strait of Hormuz (Iran). Before this work, taxa belonging to the genus Mastogloia had never been identified as epibionts of C. mydas. The cleaned material of diatoms, collected from turtle carapaces was studied by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mastogloia hormuzensis sp. nov. is elliptical to linear-elliptical in valve view with rounded to slightly rostrate apices. Partecta are of different size and shape, with the larger one at the centre, and there is a very short partectal flange. The new epizoic diatom is unique in its morphology, and can be compared with Mastogloia exigua and M. pusilla, which show a similar combination of characters (e.g. the shape of areolae, type of partectal ring). Mastogloia hormuzensis sp. nov. fits into Hustedt’s species group Inaequales, to which it adds the feature of having a very short partecta flange. A second species, Mastogloia paradoxa, was also found living as epizoic for the first time.
{"title":"New insights into the association between epizoic diatoms and the sea turtle Chelonia mydas: new Mastogloia taxon (Bacillariophyceae) from Iran","authors":"C. Pennesi, T. Romagnoli, M. Mutalipassi, M. de Stefano, S. Greco, C. Totti","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2184126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2184126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Two epizoic species of Mastogloia, one of them a new taxon, have been found for the first time growing on the carapace of sea turtle Chelonia mydas from the Strait of Hormuz (Iran). Before this work, taxa belonging to the genus Mastogloia had never been identified as epibionts of C. mydas. The cleaned material of diatoms, collected from turtle carapaces was studied by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mastogloia hormuzensis sp. nov. is elliptical to linear-elliptical in valve view with rounded to slightly rostrate apices. Partecta are of different size and shape, with the larger one at the centre, and there is a very short partectal flange. The new epizoic diatom is unique in its morphology, and can be compared with Mastogloia exigua and M. pusilla, which show a similar combination of characters (e.g. the shape of areolae, type of partectal ring). Mastogloia hormuzensis sp. nov. fits into Hustedt’s species group Inaequales, to which it adds the feature of having a very short partecta flange. A second species, Mastogloia paradoxa, was also found living as epizoic for the first time.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"225 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49127545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：