Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2183315
J. Rondevaldova, Maria Alma D. Quiao, O. Drábek, Julie Dajcl, Geralyn D. Dela Pena-Galanida, V. Leopardas, L. Kokoska
ABSTRACT Minerals, although required in relatively small amounts, play crucial roles in many vital processes of the human body, and their deficiency can cause several serious health issues. Seaweeds and seagrasses, traditionally consumed as vegetables in coastal areas worldwide, are generally known as a rich source of macro- and microminerals in concentrations much higher than in terrestrial plants. Despite their significant nutritional potential, the mineral composition of most of the seaweeds and seagrasses remains unexplored. In the present study, the concentrations of 23 minerals in nine seaweeds and seagrasses from the Philippines were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The results showed that some of the species are excellent sources of various essential minerals. Actinotrichia fragilis and Mastophora rosea were the highest in calcium content (21,511 and 14,100 mg/100 g DM, respectively), and, together with Anadyomene plicata, they were richest in copper (2.49–3.77 mg/100 g DM), iron (292–480 mg/100 g DM), manganese (22.3–27.2 mg/100 g DM), and nickel (1.49–2.93 mg/100 g DM). Moreover, M. rosea had the highest content of magnesium (2,093 mg/100 g DM). Other species, such as Enhalus acoroides (phosphorus in flowers and seeds, 277 and 282 mg/100 g DM, respectively), Halophila ovalis (silicon, 13.8 mg/100 g DM), Halymenia dilatata (zinc, 5.51 mg/100 g DM), Halymenia maculata (sulphur, 8,268 mg/100 g DM) and Portieria hornemannii (potassium, 8,985 mg/100 g DM; vanadium, 2.90 mg/100 g DM) can be highlighted as good sources of minerals. All these species have a promising potential as mineral-rich foods and can contribute to food and nutrition security.
摘要：尽管所需的矿物质相对较少，但在人体的许多重要过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，而矿物质的缺乏可能会导致一些严重的健康问题。海藻和海草传统上在世界各地的沿海地区作为蔬菜食用，通常被认为是宏观和微观矿物质的丰富来源，其浓度远高于陆地植物。尽管它们具有巨大的营养潜力，但大多数海藻和海草的矿物成分仍未被探索。在本研究中，使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了菲律宾9种海藻和海草中23种矿物质的浓度。结果表明，一些物种是各种必需矿物的良好来源。脆弱放线菌和玫瑰Mastophora rosea的钙含量最高（分别为21511和14100 mg/100 g DM），与褶皱Anadyomene一起，它们富含铜（2.49–3.77 mg/100 g DM）、铁（292–480 mg/100 g DMs）、锰（22.3–27.2 mg/100 g）和镍（1.49–2.93 mg/100 g dms）。此外，M.rosea的镁含量最高（2093mg/100g DM）。其他物种，如橡果Enhalus acoroides（花和种子中的磷，分别为277和282 mg/100 g DM）、卵嗜盐菌Halophila ovalis（硅，13.8 mg/100 g DM。所有这些物种都有潜力成为富含矿物质的食物，并有助于粮食和营养安全。
{"title":"Mineral composition of seaweeds and seagrasses of the Philippines","authors":"J. Rondevaldova, Maria Alma D. Quiao, O. Drábek, Julie Dajcl, Geralyn D. Dela Pena-Galanida, V. Leopardas, L. Kokoska","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2183315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2183315","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Minerals, although required in relatively small amounts, play crucial roles in many vital processes of the human body, and their deficiency can cause several serious health issues. Seaweeds and seagrasses, traditionally consumed as vegetables in coastal areas worldwide, are generally known as a rich source of macro- and microminerals in concentrations much higher than in terrestrial plants. Despite their significant nutritional potential, the mineral composition of most of the seaweeds and seagrasses remains unexplored. In the present study, the concentrations of 23 minerals in nine seaweeds and seagrasses from the Philippines were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The results showed that some of the species are excellent sources of various essential minerals. Actinotrichia fragilis and Mastophora rosea were the highest in calcium content (21,511 and 14,100 mg/100 g DM, respectively), and, together with Anadyomene plicata, they were richest in copper (2.49–3.77 mg/100 g DM), iron (292–480 mg/100 g DM), manganese (22.3–27.2 mg/100 g DM), and nickel (1.49–2.93 mg/100 g DM). Moreover, M. rosea had the highest content of magnesium (2,093 mg/100 g DM). Other species, such as Enhalus acoroides (phosphorus in flowers and seeds, 277 and 282 mg/100 g DM, respectively), Halophila ovalis (silicon, 13.8 mg/100 g DM), Halymenia dilatata (zinc, 5.51 mg/100 g DM), Halymenia maculata (sulphur, 8,268 mg/100 g DM) and Portieria hornemannii (potassium, 8,985 mg/100 g DM; vanadium, 2.90 mg/100 g DM) can be highlighted as good sources of minerals. All these species have a promising potential as mineral-rich foods and can contribute to food and nutrition security.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"217 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42262777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2174342
M. M. Reddy, Jamie du Plessis, R. Roodt‐Wilding, Robert J. Anderson, J. Bolton
ABSTRACT The morphologically diverse and widespread red algal genus Plocamium has recently emerged as a source of bioactive compounds with potential application in the pharmaceutical industry. However, species identification and the taxonomy of the group remains problematic. An initial contribution to the taxonomy of Plocamium in South Africa was therefore carried out using combined morphological and molecular approaches and existing literature. Plocamium robertiae is reinstated as a distinct species based on molecular and morphological evidence, while Plocamium raphelisianum, a species from Spain, is placed in synonymy with P. suhrii. Along the South African coast, individuals of P. suhrii were genetically divergent in different bioregions and will require further investigation. Contrary to previous reports, we confirm the absence in South Africa of two Australasian species, P. microcladioides and P. mertensii, which were previosuly misidentified. The latter species likely represents a new, undescribed species in South Africa. Two additional species were also identified based on DNA but require further morphological assessment. We now recognize P. robertiae, along with eight other named species, plus five additional taxa, with varying levels of taxonomic confidence, and exclude P. microcladioides and P. mertensii from the South African flora. This study doubles the number of species recognized since the last biodiversity assessment of Plocamium and expands the distributional range of P. suhrii. Although our findings contribute an initial assessment assisted by DNA data, a full understanding of the taxonomy of Plocamium in South Africa is far from complete.
{"title":"The reinstatement of Plocamium robertiae (Rhodophyta, Plocamiales) and an updated species inventory of the genus in South Africa","authors":"M. M. Reddy, Jamie du Plessis, R. Roodt‐Wilding, Robert J. Anderson, J. Bolton","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2174342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2174342","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The morphologically diverse and widespread red algal genus Plocamium has recently emerged as a source of bioactive compounds with potential application in the pharmaceutical industry. However, species identification and the taxonomy of the group remains problematic. An initial contribution to the taxonomy of Plocamium in South Africa was therefore carried out using combined morphological and molecular approaches and existing literature. Plocamium robertiae is reinstated as a distinct species based on molecular and morphological evidence, while Plocamium raphelisianum, a species from Spain, is placed in synonymy with P. suhrii. Along the South African coast, individuals of P. suhrii were genetically divergent in different bioregions and will require further investigation. Contrary to previous reports, we confirm the absence in South Africa of two Australasian species, P. microcladioides and P. mertensii, which were previosuly misidentified. The latter species likely represents a new, undescribed species in South Africa. Two additional species were also identified based on DNA but require further morphological assessment. We now recognize P. robertiae, along with eight other named species, plus five additional taxa, with varying levels of taxonomic confidence, and exclude P. microcladioides and P. mertensii from the South African flora. This study doubles the number of species recognized since the last biodiversity assessment of Plocamium and expands the distributional range of P. suhrii. Although our findings contribute an initial assessment assisted by DNA data, a full understanding of the taxonomy of Plocamium in South Africa is far from complete.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"194 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46339710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2169024
D. Mann, Norico Yamada, J. Bolton, A. Witkowski, R. Trobajo
ABSTRACT Durinskia capensis is a kleptoplastic dinoflagellate species from high intertidal marine rock pools, which can use a variety of diatoms for photosynthesis. However, very few of the diatoms permit indefinite survival of the dinoflagellate and rbcL sequences show that D. capensis isolated from nature contains one of two closely related Nitzschia species as its kleptoplastids. In culture, without a supply of these ‘essential’ Nitzschia cells to replenish the intracellular store of diatom plastids and other organelles, D. capensis eventually loses all its kleptoplastids and dies. Inside Durinskia, diatoms do not possess frustules and so cannot be compared morphologically with free-living forms. Recently, one of the essential Nitzschia species was isolated from the type locality of D. capensis and grown in culture, allowing comparison with similar Nitzschia species, particularly N. agnita and N. kuetzingioides, examined from type material. We conclude that the ‘essential diatom’ of D. capensis differs morphologically from these and other Nitzschia species and it is therefore described as N. captiva sp. nov. Nitzschia agnita and N. kuetzingioides, on the other hand, are conspecific and N. agnita has priority. Nitzschia captiva and N. agnita are extremely similar in valve shape, dimensions, pattern and ultrastructure, but can be separated by their girdle structure. Nitzschia agnita appears to be a freshwater species, though somewhat salt-tolerant. In contrast, N. captiva, which is known principally from records of the kleptoplastids of D. capensis rather than from frustules, is so far marine.
{"title":"Nitzschia captiva sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), the essential prey diatom of the kleptoplastic dinoflagellate Durinskia capensis, compared with N. agnita, N. kuetzingioides and other species","authors":"D. Mann, Norico Yamada, J. Bolton, A. Witkowski, R. Trobajo","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2169024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2169024","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Durinskia capensis is a kleptoplastic dinoflagellate species from high intertidal marine rock pools, which can use a variety of diatoms for photosynthesis. However, very few of the diatoms permit indefinite survival of the dinoflagellate and rbcL sequences show that D. capensis isolated from nature contains one of two closely related Nitzschia species as its kleptoplastids. In culture, without a supply of these ‘essential’ Nitzschia cells to replenish the intracellular store of diatom plastids and other organelles, D. capensis eventually loses all its kleptoplastids and dies. Inside Durinskia, diatoms do not possess frustules and so cannot be compared morphologically with free-living forms. Recently, one of the essential Nitzschia species was isolated from the type locality of D. capensis and grown in culture, allowing comparison with similar Nitzschia species, particularly N. agnita and N. kuetzingioides, examined from type material. We conclude that the ‘essential diatom’ of D. capensis differs morphologically from these and other Nitzschia species and it is therefore described as N. captiva sp. nov. Nitzschia agnita and N. kuetzingioides, on the other hand, are conspecific and N. agnita has priority. Nitzschia captiva and N. agnita are extremely similar in valve shape, dimensions, pattern and ultrastructure, but can be separated by their girdle structure. Nitzschia agnita appears to be a freshwater species, though somewhat salt-tolerant. In contrast, N. captiva, which is known principally from records of the kleptoplastids of D. capensis rather than from frustules, is so far marine.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"136 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41924785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2177062
P. S. Jayalakshmi, J. John
ABSTRACT A new genus of freshwater red algae, Macrosporophycos, and a new species, M. sahyadricus, are described from the Periyar River in the southern part of the Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Macrosporophycos shares distinctive characteristics with Montagnia, such as straight carpogonial branches having involucral filaments forming a rosette around the carpogonia, and pedunculate carposporophytes. However, the two genera have a raw genetic distance of 16.4%–17.0% for rbcL, and 24%–26.7% for COI-5P genes. The new species, Macrosporophycos sahyadricus, also possesses large, elongated, pear-shaped carposporangia. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated rbcL and COI-5P recovered M. sahyadricus as a distinct lineage, sister to Acarposporophycos from South America. However, these genera are distinct from each other in their morphology. The morphological similarity, coupled with the high levels of genetic difference between Macrosporophycos and Montagnia, suggest convergent evolution in morphology. The recent records of new red algal taxa, including the discovery of this new genus, suggest that the Indian subcontinent continues to be under-explored and is in need of integrative taxonomic research supported by large-scale sampling.
{"title":"Macrosporophycos sahyadricus (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new genus and species of freshwater red algae from the Western Ghats of India","authors":"P. S. Jayalakshmi, J. John","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2177062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2177062","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new genus of freshwater red algae, Macrosporophycos, and a new species, M. sahyadricus, are described from the Periyar River in the southern part of the Western Ghats, Kerala, India. Macrosporophycos shares distinctive characteristics with Montagnia, such as straight carpogonial branches having involucral filaments forming a rosette around the carpogonia, and pedunculate carposporophytes. However, the two genera have a raw genetic distance of 16.4%–17.0% for rbcL, and 24%–26.7% for COI-5P genes. The new species, Macrosporophycos sahyadricus, also possesses large, elongated, pear-shaped carposporangia. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated rbcL and COI-5P recovered M. sahyadricus as a distinct lineage, sister to Acarposporophycos from South America. However, these genera are distinct from each other in their morphology. The morphological similarity, coupled with the high levels of genetic difference between Macrosporophycos and Montagnia, suggest convergent evolution in morphology. The recent records of new red algal taxa, including the discovery of this new genus, suggest that the Indian subcontinent continues to be under-explored and is in need of integrative taxonomic research supported by large-scale sampling.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"109 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43913650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2177057
Á. Mateo-Ramírez, Concepción Iñiguez, L. M. Fernández-Salas, R. Sánchez-Leal, C. Farias, M. J. Bellanco, J. Gil, J. Rueda
ABSTRACT The invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae has recently arrived in Europe from the western Pacific. Its explosive spread on coastal areas of the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC), Strait of Gibraltar and Alboran Sea is spoiling native coastal ecosystems and inflicting heavy losses on ecosystem services. We discovered for the first time large amounts (up to 17 g m–2) of detached R. okamurae thalli on deep-sea bottoms of the GoC that are being dragged from the Strait of Gibraltar shores into the NE Atlantic by the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). Laboratory experiments revealed that collected unattached macroalgae from deep-sea locations were alive and healthy and maintained intact photosynthetic capacity after long dark periods, suggesting a tremendous resilience and invasive potential. Given the rapid transport of healthy thalli by the MOW and massive accumulation of them in the GoC basin, R. okamurae could represent a major threat to NE Atlantic ecosystems, affecting not only coastal but also deep-sea habitats.
摘要入侵海藻冈村鲁氏鸟(Rugulopteryx okamura)最近从西太平洋抵达欧洲。它在Cádiz湾(GoC)、直布罗陀海峡和阿尔博兰海沿海地区的爆炸性蔓延正在破坏当地沿海生态系统，并对生态系统服务造成严重损失。我们首次在GoC深海底部发现了大量(高达17 g m-2)分离的冈村氏梭菌，它们被地中海流出水(MOW)从直布罗陀海峡海岸拖到大西洋东北部。实验室实验表明，从深海采集的独立大藻在长时间的黑暗期后仍然健康存活，并保持完整的光合能力，表明其具有巨大的恢复能力和入侵潜力。考虑到MOW对健康菌体的快速运输以及它们在GoC盆地的大量积累，okamurae可能对东北大西洋生态系统构成重大威胁，不仅影响沿海，还影响深海栖息地。
{"title":"Healthy thalli of the invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae (Phaeophyceae) being massively dragged into deep-sea bottoms by the Mediterranean Outflow Water","authors":"Á. Mateo-Ramírez, Concepción Iñiguez, L. M. Fernández-Salas, R. Sánchez-Leal, C. Farias, M. J. Bellanco, J. Gil, J. Rueda","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2177057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2177057","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae has recently arrived in Europe from the western Pacific. Its explosive spread on coastal areas of the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC), Strait of Gibraltar and Alboran Sea is spoiling native coastal ecosystems and inflicting heavy losses on ecosystem services. We discovered for the first time large amounts (up to 17 g m–2) of detached R. okamurae thalli on deep-sea bottoms of the GoC that are being dragged from the Strait of Gibraltar shores into the NE Atlantic by the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). Laboratory experiments revealed that collected unattached macroalgae from deep-sea locations were alive and healthy and maintained intact photosynthetic capacity after long dark periods, suggesting a tremendous resilience and invasive potential. Given the rapid transport of healthy thalli by the MOW and massive accumulation of them in the GoC basin, R. okamurae could represent a major threat to NE Atlantic ecosystems, affecting not only coastal but also deep-sea habitats.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"99 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43366043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841
O. Archontikis, Josué G. Millán, A. Winter, J. Young
ABSTRACT The genera Ericiolus and Mercedesia are distinctive extant coccolithophores that are characterized by monothecate, monomorphic coccospheres with one type of triradiate star-shaped nannoliths. The two genera were described from the Danish coastal waters, the surface waters of the Arctic, and the Southern Oceans. During a study of samples from the low photic zone of the Mediterranean and Sargasso Seas, and from the subtropical gyres of the South-eastern Pacific and the South Atlantic Oceans, 44 collapsed coccospheres with triradiate star-like nannoliths were observed via scanning electron microscopy. Observations on the morphologies and biometric assessments of these specimens revealed that three distinct sets of nannoliths can be distinguished and that these were morphologically differentiated from all currently known species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia. The new forms and the previously described species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia were, however, similar, as they all demonstrated a distinctive set of collectively shared morphological characters and almost identical size ranges. On the basis of this, and instead of describing a third genus for the same group of nannoliths, we preferred to taxonomically synonymize Mercedesia with Ericiolus and revise the definition of Ericiolus. Therefore, we describe three new species, Ericiolus bendifii sp. nov., Ericiolus sheldoniae sp. nov. and Ericiolus mattioliae sp. nov., and an incompletely defined taxon, as Ericiolus cf. bendifii, and establish the new combinations E. aspiphorus comb. nov., E. multistellatus comb. nov. and E. pusillus comb. nov.
{"title":"Taxonomic re-evaluation of Ericiolus and Mercedesia (Prymnesiophyceae) and description of three new species","authors":"O. Archontikis, Josué G. Millán, A. Winter, J. Young","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2172841","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The genera Ericiolus and Mercedesia are distinctive extant coccolithophores that are characterized by monothecate, monomorphic coccospheres with one type of triradiate star-shaped nannoliths. The two genera were described from the Danish coastal waters, the surface waters of the Arctic, and the Southern Oceans. During a study of samples from the low photic zone of the Mediterranean and Sargasso Seas, and from the subtropical gyres of the South-eastern Pacific and the South Atlantic Oceans, 44 collapsed coccospheres with triradiate star-like nannoliths were observed via scanning electron microscopy. Observations on the morphologies and biometric assessments of these specimens revealed that three distinct sets of nannoliths can be distinguished and that these were morphologically differentiated from all currently known species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia. The new forms and the previously described species of Ericiolus and Mercedesia were, however, similar, as they all demonstrated a distinctive set of collectively shared morphological characters and almost identical size ranges. On the basis of this, and instead of describing a third genus for the same group of nannoliths, we preferred to taxonomically synonymize Mercedesia with Ericiolus and revise the definition of Ericiolus. Therefore, we describe three new species, Ericiolus bendifii sp. nov., Ericiolus sheldoniae sp. nov. and Ericiolus mattioliae sp. nov., and an incompletely defined taxon, as Ericiolus cf. bendifii, and establish the new combinations E. aspiphorus comb. nov., E. multistellatus comb. nov. and E. pusillus comb. nov.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"179 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42835009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636
S. Larsen, J. Beardall
ABSTRACT A subtropical clone of Gephyrocapsa oceanica was grown over the temperature and salinity range 10–30°C and 20‰–45‰ respectively. Cellular DMSP increased with increasing salinity, compatible with the hypothesis that DMSP is a compatible osmolyte. Cellular DMSP content was highest at colder temperatures and decreased as temperature increased. Net DMSP production rate also depended on cell size and growth rate was greatest about 2°C below the optimum growth temperature of 20°C for this clone. This resulted in a unimodal response of net DMSP production to increasing temperature: net DMSP production increased with increasing temperature when the cells were growing at temperatures below optimum for growth. At and above optimum growth temperature, further warming decreased net DMSP production. For the effect of temperature alone, in the subtropical oceans, where G. oceanica is growing at or above its optimum, further warming due to climate change will result in decreased net DMSP production and so a probable decrease in the flux of DMS to the atmosphere and sulphate aerosol production. Inasmuch as these aerosols modulate cloud albedo and longevity then these too will both decrease, resulting in a positive feedback response for temperature. The reverse effect may occur in higher latitude oceans where growth temperature is below optimum. The exact response in both regions is complicated because warming will also enhance water column stratification and may reduce mixed layer depths, affecting both nutrient and light regimes, as well as possible species succession effects. Further work is required to investigate these other indirect temperature effects.
{"title":"The effect of temperature and salinity on DMSP production in Gephyrocapsa oceanica (Isochrysidales, Coccolithophyceae)","authors":"S. Larsen, J. Beardall","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2023.2170636","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A subtropical clone of Gephyrocapsa oceanica was grown over the temperature and salinity range 10–30°C and 20‰–45‰ respectively. Cellular DMSP increased with increasing salinity, compatible with the hypothesis that DMSP is a compatible osmolyte. Cellular DMSP content was highest at colder temperatures and decreased as temperature increased. Net DMSP production rate also depended on cell size and growth rate was greatest about 2°C below the optimum growth temperature of 20°C for this clone. This resulted in a unimodal response of net DMSP production to increasing temperature: net DMSP production increased with increasing temperature when the cells were growing at temperatures below optimum for growth. At and above optimum growth temperature, further warming decreased net DMSP production. For the effect of temperature alone, in the subtropical oceans, where G. oceanica is growing at or above its optimum, further warming due to climate change will result in decreased net DMSP production and so a probable decrease in the flux of DMS to the atmosphere and sulphate aerosol production. Inasmuch as these aerosols modulate cloud albedo and longevity then these too will both decrease, resulting in a positive feedback response for temperature. The reverse effect may occur in higher latitude oceans where growth temperature is below optimum. The exact response in both regions is complicated because warming will also enhance water column stratification and may reduce mixed layer depths, affecting both nutrient and light regimes, as well as possible species succession effects. Further work is required to investigate these other indirect temperature effects.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"152 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48205340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281
K. Mertens, M. C. Carbonell-Moore, N. Chomérat, Gwenael Bilien, S. Boulben, L. Guillou, S. Romac, I. Probert, Akira Ishikawa, É. Nézan
ABSTRACT Sequences were obtained for 58 podolampadacean single cells from France, Reunion Island (French territories) and Japan (6 SSU rDNA only, 40 SSU+LSU and 12 LSU only). The sequenced taxa belong to five of the eight described genera: Podolampas, Blepharocysta, Lissodinium, Gaarderiella and Mysticella. Two new genera, Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera, were erected to accommodate ‘Blepharocysta’ hermosillae and ‘Blepharocysta’ denticulata. Most genera are well supported by concatenated LSU–SSU rDNA phylogenies, with the least support for Lissodinium. Metabarcoding of podolampadaceans using the V4 region of SSU rDNA showed a resolution too low to discriminate genera or species. Roscoffia and Cabra are here considered podolampadaceans, whilst Lessardia is considered to belong in a separate family. The relationship of Rhinodinium to the Podolampadaceae needs further study. Desmoschisis was recorded for the first time in Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera. Several ribotypes need further study to attribute a species name to them.
{"title":"Morpho-molecular analysis of podolampadacean dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae), with the description of two new genera","authors":"K. Mertens, M. C. Carbonell-Moore, N. Chomérat, Gwenael Bilien, S. Boulben, L. Guillou, S. Romac, I. Probert, Akira Ishikawa, É. Nézan","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2158281","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sequences were obtained for 58 podolampadacean single cells from France, Reunion Island (French territories) and Japan (6 SSU rDNA only, 40 SSU+LSU and 12 LSU only). The sequenced taxa belong to five of the eight described genera: Podolampas, Blepharocysta, Lissodinium, Gaarderiella and Mysticella. Two new genera, Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera, were erected to accommodate ‘Blepharocysta’ hermosillae and ‘Blepharocysta’ denticulata. Most genera are well supported by concatenated LSU–SSU rDNA phylogenies, with the least support for Lissodinium. Metabarcoding of podolampadaceans using the V4 region of SSU rDNA showed a resolution too low to discriminate genera or species. Roscoffia and Cabra are here considered podolampadaceans, whilst Lessardia is considered to belong in a separate family. The relationship of Rhinodinium to the Podolampadaceae needs further study. Desmoschisis was recorded for the first time in Alatosphaera and Pseudalatosphaera. Several ribotypes need further study to attribute a species name to them.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"117 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47753104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288
K. Kuriyama, S. Heesch, U. Karsten, R. Schumann
ABSTRACT The Darß-Zingst Bodden Chain is a tide-less shallow lagoon at the Southern Baltic coast. It was and is studied in almost all hydrological, biogeochemical as well as floristic and faunistic aspects. Benthic diatoms were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the early 1970s and one sampling site was now revisited. A total of 103 diatom taxa were recorded in sediment and on macrophyte samples collected between 2015 and 2019. In the sediment samples, epipsammic diatoms accounted for almost 90% of the total valve counts. In the 1970s, only three epipsammic species were observed, while we recorded a total of 27 epipsammic taxa, most of which were very small (<12 µm). Since those earlier studies, many of these species have been newly described or transferred from other genera. Moreover, small diatoms may have been misidentified, overlooked or counted as important. This study emphasizes, in addition, the need to combine light microscopy with electron microscopy to allow the unambiguous identification also of small entities, and to reach a comprehensive overview over the diatom flora present in different benthic habitats.
{"title":"Benthic diatom diversity in a turbid brackish lagoon of the Baltic Sea","authors":"K. Kuriyama, S. Heesch, U. Karsten, R. Schumann","doi":"10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2151288","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Darß-Zingst Bodden Chain is a tide-less shallow lagoon at the Southern Baltic coast. It was and is studied in almost all hydrological, biogeochemical as well as floristic and faunistic aspects. Benthic diatoms were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the early 1970s and one sampling site was now revisited. A total of 103 diatom taxa were recorded in sediment and on macrophyte samples collected between 2015 and 2019. In the sediment samples, epipsammic diatoms accounted for almost 90% of the total valve counts. In the 1970s, only three epipsammic species were observed, while we recorded a total of 27 epipsammic taxa, most of which were very small (<12 µm). Since those earlier studies, many of these species have been newly described or transferred from other genera. Moreover, small diatoms may have been misidentified, overlooked or counted as important. This study emphasizes, in addition, the need to combine light microscopy with electron microscopy to allow the unambiguous identification also of small entities, and to reach a comprehensive overview over the diatom flora present in different benthic habitats.","PeriodicalId":20140,"journal":{"name":"Phycologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"164 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42878175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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