The article was conceived as an initial insight into the issues related to the representation of individual type costs (e.g. material, labor costs, property depreciation, etc.) in the price of water in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article was to point out the possibility of dependence between the size of the company operating the infrastructural property of water supply and sewerage and the representation of individual costs in the water price within the framework of the case study. As a sample that formed the outputs of the case study, 14 companies were taken, which were selected according to the unified regions of the Czech Republic. Both basic mathematical methods and elementary methods used in financial analysis were used in the analysis. Within the scope of the case study, it can be stated that there is no dependence between the size of the companies and the representation of costs. Among the largest costs from the point of view of financial representation are other direct costs, where the costs of depreciation, property repairs, rental property, as well as wage costs and material costs are mainly represented. Insignificant costs include, for example, energy costs, which are only represented in the range of 1.39–5.70% of the total costs. Therefore, in order for the results included in the case study to be considered statistically relevant, it is necessary to expand the sample and confirm or refute the initial findings published in this article.
{"title":"Cost analysis of water charge rates in the Czech Republic – Case study","authors":"Aneta Oblouková, Eva Vítková","doi":"10.22630/srees.5625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.5625","url":null,"abstract":"The article was conceived as an initial insight into the issues related to the representation of individual type costs (e.g. material, labor costs, property depreciation, etc.) in the price of water in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article was to point out the possibility of dependence between the size of the company operating the infrastructural property of water supply and sewerage and the representation of individual costs in the water price within the framework of the case study. As a sample that formed the outputs of the case study, 14 companies were taken, which were selected according to the unified regions of the Czech Republic. Both basic mathematical methods and elementary methods used in financial analysis were used in the analysis. Within the scope of the case study, it can be stated that there is no dependence between the size of the companies and the representation of costs. Among the largest costs from the point of view of financial representation are other direct costs, where the costs of depreciation, property repairs, rental property, as well as wage costs and material costs are mainly represented. Insignificant costs include, for example, energy costs, which are only represented in the range of 1.39–5.70% of the total costs. Therefore, in order for the results included in the case study to be considered statistically relevant, it is necessary to expand the sample and confirm or refute the initial findings published in this article.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139818786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Aghbalyan, V. Bagdasaryan, G. A. Vasilyan, R. Wyczółkowski
This paper investigates the stress and strain state as well as formation processes of structure and features of aluminum alloys during the hot extrusion. It has been shown that during the hot extrusion the ring layers of an extruded element experience not only longitudinal and transverse deformations, but also a slip. The slip increases from inner layers to the surface layer. The tensile principal stresses and the sum of slip deformations also increase. It has been also demonstrated that at the exit of the pressing part the tensile principal stresses have different directions, forming an angle with extruder axis, which also increases towards the surface. In conclusion, it has been stated that the main radial and circumferential deformations act as restraining deformations.
{"title":"Investigations of stress and strain state of aluminum alloys during a hot extrusion and patterns of structure and feature formation","authors":"S. Aghbalyan, V. Bagdasaryan, G. A. Vasilyan, R. Wyczółkowski","doi":"10.22630/srees.5948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.5948","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the stress and strain state as well as formation processes of structure and features of aluminum alloys during the hot extrusion. It has been shown that during the hot extrusion the ring layers of an extruded element experience not only longitudinal and transverse deformations, but also a slip. The slip increases from inner layers to the surface layer. The tensile principal stresses and the sum of slip deformations also increase. It has been also demonstrated that at the exit of the pressing part the tensile principal stresses have different directions, forming an angle with extruder axis, which also increases towards the surface. In conclusion, it has been stated that the main radial and circumferential deformations act as restraining deformations.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"63 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139879431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research at the Wilanów Palace, Warsaw, assesses urban greenery’s cooling impacts in a cultural heritage site using remote sensing and on-site measurements, highlighting vegetation’s importance in urban climate control. The study combines soil temperature data, UAV thermal imagery, leaf area index (LAI), LiDAR, and NDVI analyses. Findings demonstrate a strong link between vegetation density and temperature: UAV land surface temperature (LST) ranged from 26.8° to 47.5°C, peaking at 72°C, while ground-based temperatures were between 19.5° and 29.2°C, lowest in dense vegetation areas. The statistical analysis confirmed significant temperature differences across vegetation types, with higher LAI areas showing lower temperatures. These results validate the cooling effect of dense vegetation, emphasizing green spaces’ significance in urban climate regulation within cultural heritage sites. The study informs sustainable urban design and conservation, underlining the critical role of vegetation in improving urban microclimates.
{"title":"Application of UAV and ground measurements for urban vegetation cooling benefits assessment, Wilanów Palace case study","authors":"Michał Trzeciak, Daria Sikorska","doi":"10.22630/srees.5619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.5619","url":null,"abstract":"This research at the Wilanów Palace, Warsaw, assesses urban greenery’s cooling impacts in a cultural heritage site using remote sensing and on-site measurements, highlighting vegetation’s importance in urban climate control. The study combines soil temperature data, UAV thermal imagery, leaf area index (LAI), LiDAR, and NDVI analyses. Findings demonstrate a strong link between vegetation density and temperature: UAV land surface temperature (LST) ranged from 26.8° to 47.5°C, peaking at 72°C, while ground-based temperatures were between 19.5° and 29.2°C, lowest in dense vegetation areas. The statistical analysis confirmed significant temperature differences across vegetation types, with higher LAI areas showing lower temperatures. These results validate the cooling effect of dense vegetation, emphasizing green spaces’ significance in urban climate regulation within cultural heritage sites. The study informs sustainable urban design and conservation, underlining the critical role of vegetation in improving urban microclimates.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"30 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139595379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The By-Pass Ring Road in Kendari serves as a crucial artery, facilitating accessibility and mobility between the city center and burgeoning outskirts. However, heightened traffic has led to a notable upswing in noise along the highway. This study aims to systematically map the distribution of this noise across various land uses in the vicinity. The findings reveal a vehicular composition predominantly comprised of motorcycles (68%), followed by light vehicles (27%), and heavy vehicles (5%). Notably, although heavy vehicles constitute a mere 5%, they significantly influence the elevation of noise levels. The highest noise intensity impacting land use is observed in service areas, succeeded by commercial and school zones, with the lowest levels recorded in settlement areas. The mapped results depict a noise exposure of 67 dB reaching receptors, coupled with an average noise reduction of 9 dB. Remarkably, as the average distance from the noise source on the highway to the receptors increases (averaging 14 meters), there is a discernible reduction in noise intensity. This visually apparent trend is corroborated by the noise mapping results.
{"title":"Noise mapping due to motor vehicle activities in the by-pass ring road area of the city of Kendari","authors":"irwan lakawa, Syamsuddin, Hujiyanto, V. A. Ilham","doi":"10.22630/srees.5550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.5550","url":null,"abstract":"The By-Pass Ring Road in Kendari serves as a crucial artery, facilitating accessibility and mobility between the city center and burgeoning outskirts. However, heightened traffic has led to a notable upswing in noise along the highway. This study aims to systematically map the distribution of this noise across various land uses in the vicinity. The findings reveal a vehicular composition predominantly comprised of motorcycles (68%), followed by light vehicles (27%), and heavy vehicles (5%). Notably, although heavy vehicles constitute a mere 5%, they significantly influence the elevation of noise levels. The highest noise intensity impacting land use is observed in service areas, succeeded by commercial and school zones, with the lowest levels recorded in settlement areas. The mapped results depict a noise exposure of 67 dB reaching receptors, coupled with an average noise reduction of 9 dB. Remarkably, as the average distance from the noise source on the highway to the receptors increases (averaging 14 meters), there is a discernible reduction in noise intensity. This visually apparent trend is corroborated by the noise mapping results.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"69 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrogen load is crucial for its application in various fields such as agriculture and improving water quality control for authorities responsible for establishing agricultural policies in the area. The calculation of nitrogen load using existing equations is not applicable for all types of rivers, thus requiring the development of a new equation that can be applied to lakes and rivers in the Biebrza river catchment. To determine the new equation, extensive mapping of the catchment area was conducted, which was adjusted to precipitation and runoff in the area, allowing the observed results to be compared. Based on several analyses, the new equation has better accuracy, RMSE of the new model-based estimation decreased by 65.9% in 2005–2015 and 62.2% in 2016–2021 for river and 92% in 2008–2019 and 95% in 2020–2021 for lakes. Therefore, the application of the new calibrated empirical model provides results close to the real values and it can be used in the Biebrza river basin to simulate the total nitrogen runoff.
{"title":"Developing an empirical model for assessment of total nitrogen inflow to rivers and lakes in the Biebrza river watershed, Poland","authors":"Jessica Canchig, Rinda Kustina, M. Grygoruk","doi":"10.22630/srees.4886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4886","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen load is crucial for its application in various fields such as agriculture and improving water quality control for authorities responsible for establishing agricultural policies in the area. The calculation of nitrogen load using existing equations is not applicable for all types of rivers, thus requiring the development of a new equation that can be applied to lakes and rivers in the Biebrza river catchment. To determine the new equation, extensive mapping of the catchment area was conducted, which was adjusted to precipitation and runoff in the area, allowing the observed results to be compared. Based on several analyses, the new equation has better accuracy, RMSE of the new model-based estimation decreased by 65.9% in 2005–2015 and 62.2% in 2016–2021 for river and 92% in 2008–2019 and 95% in 2020–2021 for lakes. Therefore, the application of the new calibrated empirical model provides results close to the real values and it can be used in the Biebrza river basin to simulate the total nitrogen runoff.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114138763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the presented work was to show that contemporary researchers recognize the potential of urban gardening in improving urban retention, and that the contemporary scientific literature mentions specific problems-indicators of retention that can be useful for developing guidelines for authorities and gardeners on the management and development of urban gardens, such as allotments and community gardens, considering their role as a retention tool. In this study, a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed scientific articles from popular scientific databases such as Web of Sciences, Science Direct, Springer and MDPI was performed, which was, besides literature analysis, the main method of research. Definitions of urban garden retention indicators were developed, which are: rainwater/stormwater infrastructure (collecting rainwater water – special infrastructure); watering systems (system for providing water strait to plants); planting type (garden plants: flowers, vegetables, fruits, herbs on beds – no turf: lawn or turf with dicotyledonous plants). The most frequent groups of indicators in the articles were also identified. The study also analyzed the distribution of surveyed articles between continents, noting the overrepresentation of articles from North America and the absence of articles from South America.
本研究的目的是表明，当代研究人员认识到城市园艺在改善城市保留方面的潜力，当代科学文献提到了具体的问题——保留指标，这些指标可以为当局和园丁制定指导方针，指导城市花园的管理和发展，如分配和社区花园，考虑到它们作为保留工具的作用。本研究对Web of Sciences、Science Direct、Springer和MDPI等热门科学数据库中同行评议的科学文章进行meta分析，这是除文献分析外的主要研究方法。制定了城市园林保留指标的定义，包括:雨水/雨水基础设施(收集雨水-特殊基础设施);浇水系统(向植物直接供水的系统);种植类型(花园植物:花，蔬菜，水果，草药在床上-没有草皮:草坪或草皮与双子叶植物)。还确定了文章中最常见的指标组。该研究还分析了被调查文章在各大洲之间的分布，指出来自北美的文章过多，而来自南美的文章较少。
{"title":"Urban garden as a water reservoir in an urban area – a literature review","authors":"B. Gawryszewska, Wawan Setiawan","doi":"10.22630/srees.4960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4960","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the presented work was to show that contemporary researchers recognize the potential of urban gardening in improving urban retention, and that the contemporary scientific literature mentions specific problems-indicators of retention that can be useful for developing guidelines for authorities and gardeners on the management and development of urban gardens, such as allotments and community gardens, considering their role as a retention tool. In this study, a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed scientific articles from popular scientific databases such as Web of Sciences, Science Direct, Springer and MDPI was performed, which was, besides literature analysis, the main method of research. Definitions of urban garden retention indicators were developed, which are: rainwater/stormwater infrastructure (collecting rainwater water – special infrastructure); watering systems (system for providing water strait to plants); planting type (garden plants: flowers, vegetables, fruits, herbs on beds – no turf: lawn or turf with dicotyledonous plants). The most frequent groups of indicators in the articles were also identified. The study also analyzed the distribution of surveyed articles between continents, noting the overrepresentation of articles from North America and the absence of articles from South America.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117136711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work focused on how self-compacting concrete (SCC) performs in situ in hot weather conditions at an ambient temperature of about 35°C. Tests for the rheological properties and compressive and splitting tensile strength aspects were carried out. The results of SCC mix ingredients on the rheological and hardened features of SCC mix were studied. Variations in the amount of portland cement content (CC), water to cement ratio (w/c), coarse to fine aggregate ratio (C : F), chemical admixture ratio, and pozzolanic admixture ratio were considered. Optimum values were obtained for these ingredients, which satisfied the SCC rheological characteristics and gave a 28-day compressive strength of 42 MPa, and 52 MPa after 28 days and 56 days, respectively. These optimum constituent values were 450 kg·m–3 of cement, 0.45 water cementitious ratio, and a coarse to fine material ratio of 1 : 0.8, a high range superplasticizer of 2%, and a mineral admixture of either 5% silica fume or 25% fly ash as a substitute for a similar amount cement.
{"title":"Performance of self-compacting concrete cast in hot weather conditions","authors":"H. Khalil, Mohamed W. ABD ELHAMEID, A. A. Badawy","doi":"10.22630/srees.4867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4867","url":null,"abstract":"This work focused on how self-compacting concrete (SCC) performs in situ in hot weather conditions at an ambient temperature of about 35°C. Tests for the rheological properties and compressive and splitting tensile strength aspects were carried out. The results of SCC mix ingredients on the rheological and hardened features of SCC mix were studied. Variations in the amount of portland cement content (CC), water to cement ratio (w/c), coarse to fine aggregate ratio (C : F), chemical admixture ratio, and pozzolanic admixture ratio were considered. Optimum values were obtained for these ingredients, which satisfied the SCC rheological characteristics and gave a 28-day compressive strength of 42 MPa, and 52 MPa after 28 days and 56 days, respectively. These optimum constituent values were 450 kg·m–3 of cement, 0.45 water cementitious ratio, and a coarse to fine material ratio of 1 : 0.8, a high range superplasticizer of 2%, and a mineral admixture of either 5% silica fume or 25% fly ash as a substitute for a similar amount cement.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125820266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Haase, G. Kirakossian, Gagik H. Kirakosyan, Vazgen A. Mkrtchyan
An investigation into the design of a stand-alone solar water pumping station for supplying rural areas is presented. It includes a study of system components and their modeling. The solar water pumping station comprises a solar panel, DC/DC buck converter, DC motor driving a centrifugal pump, and a reservoir. The fuzzy-based maximum power point tracker is developed to optimize the drive speed and the water discharge rate of the coupled centrifugal pump. These use dN/I, d(dN/dI) use parameters, and a variation of the fill factor∆α as input variables. The proposed solution is based on a judicious fuzzy adjustment of a converter fill factor, which adapts online the load impedance to the solar panel. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the drive system for both transient and steady-state operations. Hence, it is suitable to use this fuzzy logic procedure as a standard optimization algorithm for such solar water pumping stations. The modeling is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.
{"title":"Designing optimal solar water pumping stations for irrigation of agricultural lands","authors":"G. Haase, G. Kirakossian, Gagik H. Kirakosyan, Vazgen A. Mkrtchyan","doi":"10.22630/srees.4994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4994","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation into the design of a stand-alone solar water pumping station for supplying rural areas is presented. It includes a study of system components and their modeling. The solar water pumping station comprises a solar panel, DC/DC buck converter, DC motor driving a centrifugal pump, and a reservoir. The fuzzy-based maximum power point tracker is developed to optimize the drive speed and the water discharge rate of the coupled centrifugal pump. These use dN/I, d(dN/dI) use parameters, and a variation of the fill factor∆α as input variables. The proposed solution is based on a judicious fuzzy adjustment of a converter fill factor, which adapts online the load impedance to the solar panel. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the drive system for both transient and steady-state operations. Hence, it is suitable to use this fuzzy logic procedure as a standard optimization algorithm for such solar water pumping stations. The modeling is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"72 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120981483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The availability of clean water is the responsibility of the local government to the community by one of the regional-owned companies known as the regional drinking water company (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum – PDAM). The company performance will greatly affect community satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the performance of PDAM Lematang Enim and assess customer satisfaction with them. The data used in this study were collected through laboratory analysis and direct surveys of the community. The data were then analyzed using quantitative statistical methods. Customer satisfaction index (CSI) analysis and quadrant analysis are used to map customer satisfaction with the services provided. The CSI score showed that a value of 66.14 can be grouped in the satisfied category. The level of customer satisfaction with the services provided by PDAM Lematang Enim can be categorized as good. Strategies for increasing customer satisfaction are formulated through strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The results of the analysis show that customer satisfaction is included in the satisfied category. Water quality variables include that water does not smell and tastes quite good, but customers still feel that the water they receive has a different color. Strategies that can be implemented to increase customer satisfaction include focusing on increasing the most important variables according to customers, reducing spending on less important variables, and optimizing the use of appropriate technology.
清洁水的供应是当地政府对社区的责任，由地区所有的公司之一，即地区饮用水公司(Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum - PDAM)负责。公司绩效会极大地影响社区满意度。本研究旨在分析乐马唐餐厅的绩效，并评估顾客满意度。本研究使用的数据是通过实验室分析和社区直接调查收集的。然后用定量统计方法对数据进行分析。利用顾客满意指数(CSI)分析和象限分析来映射顾客对所提供服务的满意度。CSI得分表明，66.14的值可以归为满意的类别。客户对PDAM Lematang Enim提供的服务的满意程度可以归类为良好。提高客户满意度的策略是通过优势、劣势、机会和威胁(SWOT)分析制定的。分析结果表明，顾客满意被纳入满意的范畴。水质变量包括水没有气味和味道，但客户仍然觉得他们收到的水有不同的颜色。可以实现的提高客户满意度的策略包括关注根据客户增加最重要的变量，减少在不重要变量上的支出，以及优化适当技术的使用。
{"title":"Analysis of technical evaluation and customer satisfaction of clean water services (case study: PDAM Lematang Enim at Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia)","authors":"Wahyu Ningsih, Heni Fitriani, Febrian Hadinata","doi":"10.22630/srees.4856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4856","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of clean water is the responsibility of the local government to the community by one of the regional-owned companies known as the regional drinking water company (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum – PDAM). The company performance will greatly affect community satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the performance of PDAM Lematang Enim and assess customer satisfaction with them. The data used in this study were collected through laboratory analysis and direct surveys of the community. The data were then analyzed using quantitative statistical methods. Customer satisfaction index (CSI) analysis and quadrant analysis are used to map customer satisfaction with the services provided. The CSI score showed that a value of 66.14 can be grouped in the satisfied category. The level of customer satisfaction with the services provided by PDAM Lematang Enim can be categorized as good. Strategies for increasing customer satisfaction are formulated through strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. The results of the analysis show that customer satisfaction is included in the satisfied category. Water quality variables include that water does not smell and tastes quite good, but customers still feel that the water they receive has a different color. Strategies that can be implemented to increase customer satisfaction include focusing on increasing the most important variables according to customers, reducing spending on less important variables, and optimizing the use of appropriate technology.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126628317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The GIS-aided spatial interpolation was applied on collected groundwater data to predict selected parameters (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature) for the selected water wells distributed over Mosul City in Iraq. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on collected samples to explore the statistical indices. The skewness test was also employed to test the distribution of data sets around their mean values. The natural logarithms function achieved least skewness values and thus was applied to transfer data sets in order to adjust normality of the data sets distribution. Among all applied semivariogram models, the J-Bessel semivariogram model was optimal in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) values. The average standard errors were 0.2217, 740.5, and 1.209 for pH, EC, and temperature, respectively.
{"title":"Spatial distribution prediction for the ground water quality in Mosul City (Iraq) using variogram equations","authors":"A. Ibrahim, Mus’ab A. Al-Tamir","doi":"10.22630/srees.4583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22630/srees.4583","url":null,"abstract":"The GIS-aided spatial interpolation was applied on collected groundwater data to predict selected parameters (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature) for the selected water wells distributed over Mosul City in Iraq. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on collected samples to explore the statistical indices. The skewness test was also employed to test the distribution of data sets around their mean values. The natural logarithms function achieved least skewness values and thus was applied to transfer data sets in order to adjust normality of the data sets distribution. Among all applied semivariogram models, the J-Bessel semivariogram model was optimal in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) values. The average standard errors were 0.2217, 740.5, and 1.209 for pH, EC, and temperature, respectively.","PeriodicalId":201498,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences (SREES)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129435522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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