首页 > 最新文献

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications最新文献

英文 中文
Quantum Representation based Preference Evolution Network for E-commerce recommendation 基于量子表示的偏好演化网络用于电子商务推荐
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130155
Panpan Wang, Heling Cao, Peng Li, Yun Wang, Yonghe Chu, Tianli Liao, Chenyang Zhao, Guangen Liu
Quantum theory, originally developed to explain microscopic physical systems, has recently emerged as a novel conceptual and mathematical framework in information science. This paper applies quantum theory to address challenges in E-commerce recommendation, specifically those involving sequential behavior, aiming to mine effective patterns of preference evolution and more accurately predict user interests. Current recommender systems are limited by the sequence length and underutilize side information such as item attributes. To address these issues, we propose a Quantum Representation-based Preference Evolution Network (QRPEN) for E-commerce recommendations. Unlike traditional methods that focus solely on item-ID, our approach integrates a comprehensive set of side information, including both item-ID and attribute data, at each timestamp. We represent item attributes using quantum superposition states and employ density matrices to describe the probability distribution of same-type attributes. These matrices are then transformed into vectors through a quantum measurement-inspired process and fed into a Quasi-RNN model, enabling parallelization and the modeling of longer sequences. This approach effectively captures the dynamic evolution of user preferences. Experiments on public E-commerce datasets demonstrate that QRPEN achieves competitive performance.
量子理论最初是用来解释微观物理系统的,最近已成为信息科学中一种新颖的概念和数学框架。本文应用量子理论来应对电子商务推荐中的挑战,特别是那些涉及序列行为的挑战,旨在挖掘有效的偏好演变模式,更准确地预测用户兴趣。当前的推荐系统受到序列长度的限制,并且没有充分利用商品属性等附带信息。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种用于电子商务推荐的基于量子表征的偏好演化网络(QRPEN)。与只关注商品 ID 的传统方法不同,我们的方法在每个时间戳整合了一整套侧信息,包括商品 ID 和属性数据。我们使用量子叠加态来表示物品属性,并采用密度矩阵来描述同类属性的概率分布。然后,通过量子测量启发过程将这些矩阵转换为向量,并输入准 RNN 模型,从而实现并行化和更长序列的建模。这种方法能有效捕捉用户偏好的动态演变。在公共电子商务数据集上的实验证明,QRPEN 实现了具有竞争力的性能。
{"title":"Quantum Representation based Preference Evolution Network for E-commerce recommendation","authors":"Panpan Wang,&nbsp;Heling Cao,&nbsp;Peng Li,&nbsp;Yun Wang,&nbsp;Yonghe Chu,&nbsp;Tianli Liao,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhao,&nbsp;Guangen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum theory, originally developed to explain microscopic physical systems, has recently emerged as a novel conceptual and mathematical framework in information science. This paper applies quantum theory to address challenges in E-commerce recommendation, specifically those involving sequential behavior, aiming to mine effective patterns of preference evolution and more accurately predict user interests. Current recommender systems are limited by the sequence length and underutilize side information such as item attributes. To address these issues, we propose a Quantum Representation-based Preference Evolution Network (QRPEN) for E-commerce recommendations. Unlike traditional methods that focus solely on <em>item-ID</em>, our approach integrates a comprehensive set of side information, including both <em>item-ID</em> and <em>attribute</em> data, at each timestamp. We represent item attributes using quantum superposition states and employ density matrices to describe the probability distribution of same-type attributes. These matrices are then transformed into vectors through a quantum measurement-inspired process and fed into a Quasi-RNN model, enabling parallelization and the modeling of longer sequences. This approach effectively captures the dynamic evolution of user preferences. Experiments on public E-commerce datasets demonstrate that QRPEN achieves competitive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Activity centrality-based critical node identification in complex systems against cascade failure 基于活动中心性的复杂系统关键节点识别,防止级联失效
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130121
Changchun Lv , Ye Zhang , Yulin Lei , Dongli Duan , Shubin Si
Identifying critical nodes in the network has been a concern permanently. Cascading failure would cause catastrophic events, and in the field of cascading failure in complex networks, the structure and dynamics are considered as the key in the process of cascading failure. It is vital to have an applicable centrality to find critical nodes that could control and prevent the cascading failure. In this paper, we propose a steady-state activity centrality to evaluate the importance of each node, and the proposed centrality is related to the degree of each node and the activity of its neighbor nodes. The giant component, the average activity, and the tipping point under different attack strategies are introduced to compare the attack effect of these three centralities including steady-state activity centrality, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality. The results show that the attack effect under the proposed centrality is better than the effect under the other two centralities. In particular, for the network with the SIS and gene regulation dynamic, the attack effect under the steady-state activity centrality driven strategy is obviously better than the effect under the betweenness centrality driven strategy when the network is heterogeneous.
识别网络中的关键节点一直是人们关注的问题。级联失效会导致灾难性事件,而在复杂网络的级联失效领域,结构和动力学被认为是级联失效过程中的关键。要找到能控制和防止级联失效的关键节点,关键是要有一个适用的中心度。本文提出了一种稳态活动中心度来评估每个节点的重要性,所提出的中心度与每个节点的度和其相邻节点的活动相关。通过引入不同攻击策略下的巨分量、平均活跃度和临界点,比较了稳态活动中心度、间度中心度和接近度中心度等三种中心度的攻击效果。结果表明,建议中心度下的攻击效果优于其他两种中心度下的效果。特别是对于具有 SIS 和基因调控动态的网络,在网络异质性的情况下,稳态活动中心性驱动策略下的攻击效果明显优于间度中心性驱动策略下的效果。
{"title":"Activity centrality-based critical node identification in complex systems against cascade failure","authors":"Changchun Lv ,&nbsp;Ye Zhang ,&nbsp;Yulin Lei ,&nbsp;Dongli Duan ,&nbsp;Shubin Si","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying critical nodes in the network has been a concern permanently. Cascading failure would cause catastrophic events, and in the field of cascading failure in complex networks, the structure and dynamics are considered as the key in the process of cascading failure. It is vital to have an applicable centrality to find critical nodes that could control and prevent the cascading failure. In this paper, we propose a steady-state activity centrality to evaluate the importance of each node, and the proposed centrality is related to the degree of each node and the activity of its neighbor nodes. The giant component, the average activity, and the tipping point under different attack strategies are introduced to compare the attack effect of these three centralities including steady-state activity centrality, betweenness centrality and closeness centrality. The results show that the attack effect under the proposed centrality is better than the effect under the other two centralities. In particular, for the network with the SIS and gene regulation dynamic, the attack effect under the steady-state activity centrality driven strategy is obviously better than the effect under the betweenness centrality driven strategy when the network is heterogeneous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-oscillating open quantum systems 自振荡开放量子系统
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130139
V.V. Sargsyan , A.A. Hovhannisyan , G.G. Adamian , N.V. Antonenko
Evolution of occupation number is studied for a bosonic oscillator (with one and two degrees of freedom) linearly fully coupled to fermionic and bosonic heat baths. The lack of equilibrium in this oscillator is discussed in the light of the creation of an energy source. The connection of such a system with known nonlinear self-oscillating systems is shown.
研究了与费米子和玻色子热浴线性完全耦合的玻色子振荡器(具有一个和两个自由度)的占位数演变。从能量源的产生角度讨论了该振荡器缺乏平衡的问题。还展示了这种系统与已知非线性自振荡系统的联系。
{"title":"Self-oscillating open quantum systems","authors":"V.V. Sargsyan ,&nbsp;A.A. Hovhannisyan ,&nbsp;G.G. Adamian ,&nbsp;N.V. Antonenko","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evolution of occupation number is studied for a bosonic oscillator (with one and two degrees of freedom) linearly fully coupled to fermionic and bosonic heat baths. The lack of equilibrium in this oscillator is discussed in the light of the creation of an energy source. The connection of such a system with known nonlinear self-oscillating systems is shown.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on mixed traffic characteristics around highway on-ramp bottleneck using a microscopic simulation model 利用微观模拟模型研究高速公路匝道瓶颈附近的混合交通特征
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130134
Linghui Xu , Jia Lu , Yuan Zheng , Kangkang He , Shuichao Zhang
In the early mixed traffic environment, connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) tend to follow simple control rules for the sake of traffic safety and stability. Comprehensive analysis of overall mixed traffic performance and vehicle to vehicle interactions around highway on-ramp bottleneck is a basis for further traffic management and control. And yet CAVs in existing researches are mainly in the form of cooperative vehicular platoon, and mixed traffic scenarios within simulation software are not applicable for in-depth investigation. The purpose of this paper is to develop a microscopic simulation model to study in detail lane-based mixed traffic performance around the highway on-ramp. This model firstly considers vehicle characteristics of individual human vehicles (HVs) and CAVs by combining different microscopic traffic models. After the hypothetical on-ramp bottleneck structure is constructed, various simulation scenarios are developed under varying traffic volumes and changing market penetration rates (MPRs) of CAVs. Simulation results show that mixed traffic flow is improved in terms of congestion patterns and traffic capacity. For oscillating and nearly homogeneous congested traffic, congestion degrees are greatly reduced when CAV MPR above 30 % and 50 % respectively. Mixed traffic capacity is increased by 19.3 % when a smaller desired time gap set for CAVs, while it shows no significant change in a larger value. In the HV-HV interactions, traffic conflicts are slightly influenced by CAVs. Comparatively, conflict situations in HV-CAV interactions get worse, the proportion of time to collision (TTC) greater than 2 s monotonically declining with the rise in CAV MPR. It is concluded that traffic characteristics overall show a good momentum when MPR of CAV and the desired time gap of CAVs in mixed traffic are appropriate.
在早期的混合交通环境中,出于交通安全和稳定性的考虑,联网和自动驾驶车辆(CAV)倾向于遵循简单的控制规则。综合分析高速公路匝道瓶颈周围混合交通的整体表现和车与车之间的相互作用,是进一步进行交通管理和控制的基础。然而,现有研究中的 CAV 主要以合作车辆排的形式出现,仿真软件中的混合交通场景并不适用于深入研究。本文旨在开发一种微观仿真模型,详细研究高速公路匝道周边基于车道的混合交通性能。该模型首先通过结合不同的微观交通模型,考虑了单个人类车辆(HV)和 CAV 的车辆特性。在构建了假设的匝道瓶颈结构后,在不同的交通流量和不断变化的 CAV 市场渗透率(MPRs)条件下开发了各种模拟场景。模拟结果表明,混合交通流在拥堵模式和交通容量方面都得到了改善。对于振荡和近乎均匀的拥堵交通,当 CAV MPR 分别超过 30% 和 50% 时,拥堵程度会大大降低。当为 CAV 设定的期望时间间隙较小时,混合交通容量增加了 19.3%,而当设定的期望时间间隙较大时,混合交通容量则没有明显变化。在 HV-HV 的相互作用中,交通冲突受到 CAV 的轻微影响。相对而言,HV-CAV 相互作用中的冲突情况更严重,碰撞时间(TTC)大于 2 秒的比例随着 CAV MPR 的增加而单调下降。结论是,当 CAV 的 MPR 和混合交通中 CAV 所需的时间间隙合适时,交通特征总体上呈现出良好的势头。
{"title":"Study on mixed traffic characteristics around highway on-ramp bottleneck using a microscopic simulation model","authors":"Linghui Xu ,&nbsp;Jia Lu ,&nbsp;Yuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Kangkang He ,&nbsp;Shuichao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the early mixed traffic environment, connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) tend to follow simple control rules for the sake of traffic safety and stability. Comprehensive analysis of overall mixed traffic performance and vehicle to vehicle interactions around highway on-ramp bottleneck is a basis for further traffic management and control. And yet CAVs in existing researches are mainly in the form of cooperative vehicular platoon, and mixed traffic scenarios within simulation software are not applicable for in-depth investigation. The purpose of this paper is to develop a microscopic simulation model to study in detail lane-based mixed traffic performance around the highway on-ramp. This model firstly considers vehicle characteristics of individual human vehicles (HVs) and CAVs by combining different microscopic traffic models. After the hypothetical on-ramp bottleneck structure is constructed, various simulation scenarios are developed under varying traffic volumes and changing market penetration rates (MPRs) of CAVs. Simulation results show that mixed traffic flow is improved in terms of congestion patterns and traffic capacity. For oscillating and nearly homogeneous congested traffic, congestion degrees are greatly reduced when CAV MPR above 30 % and 50 % respectively. Mixed traffic capacity is increased by 19.3 % when a smaller desired time gap set for CAVs, while it shows no significant change in a larger value. In the HV-HV interactions, traffic conflicts are slightly influenced by CAVs. Comparatively, conflict situations in HV-CAV interactions get worse, the proportion of time to collision (TTC) greater than 2 s monotonically declining with the rise in CAV MPR. It is concluded that traffic characteristics overall show a good momentum when MPR of CAV and the desired time gap of CAVs in mixed traffic are appropriate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Soft collision avoidance based car following algorithm for autonomous driving with reinforcement learning 基于软碰撞规避的自动驾驶汽车跟车强化学习算法
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130137
Yuqi Zheng, Ruidong Yan, Bin Jia, Rui Jiang, Shiteng Zheng
By safety supervision on dangerous driving behaviors, emergent braking in autonomous vehicles can effectively prevent collisions when using the car following algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning. However, the significant deceleration associated with emergent braking often results in an uncomfortable driving experience and high energy consumption. To address this issue, a soft collision avoidance based car following algorithm is proposed. Different from emergent braking, our approach introduces a deceleration adjustment value to the current acceleration output. This adjustment value is calculated by considering safe distance with attenuation coefficient in terms of multi-step prediction, while the attenuation coefficient and the predicted time step are discussed in detail. Comparative analysis, including statistical results and representative cases, demonstrates that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances driving comfort (improve 37.341 %) and reduces energy consumption (improve 11.244 %) without increasing collision risks.
通过对危险驾驶行为进行安全监管,自动驾驶汽车中的紧急制动可以在使用基于深度强化学习的汽车跟随算法时有效防止碰撞。然而,紧急制动带来的大幅减速往往会导致不舒适的驾驶体验和高能耗。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于软防撞的汽车跟车算法。与紧急制动不同,我们的方法为当前加速输出引入了一个减速调整值。该调整值是通过考虑安全距离和多步预测的衰减系数来计算的,同时对衰减系数和预测的时间步长进行了详细讨论。包括统计结果和代表性案例在内的对比分析表明,所提出的算法在不增加碰撞风险的情况下,显著提高了驾驶舒适性(提高了 37.341%),降低了能耗(提高了 11.244%)。
{"title":"Soft collision avoidance based car following algorithm for autonomous driving with reinforcement learning","authors":"Yuqi Zheng,&nbsp;Ruidong Yan,&nbsp;Bin Jia,&nbsp;Rui Jiang,&nbsp;Shiteng Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By safety supervision on dangerous driving behaviors, emergent braking in autonomous vehicles can effectively prevent collisions when using the car following algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning. However, the significant deceleration associated with emergent braking often results in an uncomfortable driving experience and high energy consumption. To address this issue, a soft collision avoidance based car following algorithm is proposed. Different from emergent braking, our approach introduces a deceleration adjustment value to the current acceleration output. This adjustment value is calculated by considering safe distance with attenuation coefficient in terms of multi-step prediction, while the attenuation coefficient and the predicted time step are discussed in detail. Comparative analysis, including statistical results and representative cases, demonstrates that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances driving comfort (improve 37.341 %) and reduces energy consumption (improve 11.244 %) without increasing collision risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nature-inspired design principles promote supply network resilience 自然启发设计原则促进供应网络的复原力
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130133
Matthew J. Hasenjager , Graham Derryberry , Xiaohui Guo , Noa Pinter-Wollman , Nina H. Fefferman
The dynamic, interconnected nature of modern supply chains makes it important to understand how firm-level decision-making will impact the robustness of supply chains to disruption. The behavior of naturally evolved distribution systems offers a useful starting point to identify potential design features that can promote robustness without compromising the viability of individual firms. Drawing inspiration from how ant food-sharing networks respond to supply shortages, we developed an agent-based model of a generalized supply network and evaluated how different local strategies influenced the ability of firms to acquire sufficient resources to meet their demand. Our simulations reveal that differences among firms in strategic behavior can reduce variation in outcomes across firms while maintaining mean performance, thereby buffering system-level robustness. In addition, the ability to expand one’s supplier network bolstered performance when firms experienced difficulty in meeting their demand. Conversely, under the assumptions of our model, overly relying on distributors to gain access to additional suppliers or to gain competitive advantages was ineffective in helping firms to meet their consumptive demand. Our nature-inspired modeling framework provides a potentially useful approach for evaluating how different participant decision-making strategies may impact the robustness and resilience of global supply chains that are increasingly likely to face frequent and unpredictable disruptions.
现代供应链具有动态、相互关联的性质,因此,了解公司层面的决策将如何影响供应链的抗干扰能力非常重要。自然演化的分销系统的行为为我们提供了一个有用的起点,以确定潜在的设计特征,从而在不损害单个企业生存能力的情况下提高稳健性。从蚂蚁食物共享网络如何应对供应短缺中汲取灵感,我们开发了一个基于代理的广义供应网络模型,并评估了不同的本地策略如何影响企业获取足够资源以满足需求的能力。我们的模拟结果表明,企业间战略行为的差异可以减少企业间结果的差异,同时保持平均绩效,从而缓冲系统层面的稳健性。此外,当企业在满足需求方面遇到困难时,扩大供应商网络的能力也会提高绩效。相反,在我们的模型假设下,过度依赖分销商来获得更多供应商或竞争优势,并不能有效帮助企业满足其消费需求。我们的自然启发建模框架为评估不同参与者的决策策略如何影响全球供应链的稳健性和复原力提供了一种潜在的有用方法,因为全球供应链越来越有可能面临频繁和不可预测的中断。
{"title":"Nature-inspired design principles promote supply network resilience","authors":"Matthew J. Hasenjager ,&nbsp;Graham Derryberry ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Guo ,&nbsp;Noa Pinter-Wollman ,&nbsp;Nina H. Fefferman","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic, interconnected nature of modern supply chains makes it important to understand how firm-level decision-making will impact the robustness of supply chains to disruption. The behavior of naturally evolved distribution systems offers a useful starting point to identify potential design features that can promote robustness without compromising the viability of individual firms. Drawing inspiration from how ant food-sharing networks respond to supply shortages, we developed an agent-based model of a generalized supply network and evaluated how different local strategies influenced the ability of firms to acquire sufficient resources to meet their demand. Our simulations reveal that differences among firms in strategic behavior can reduce variation in outcomes across firms while maintaining mean performance, thereby buffering system-level robustness. In addition, the ability to expand one’s supplier network bolstered performance when firms experienced difficulty in meeting their demand. Conversely, under the assumptions of our model, overly relying on distributors to gain access to additional suppliers or to gain competitive advantages was ineffective in helping firms to meet their consumptive demand. Our nature-inspired modeling framework provides a potentially useful approach for evaluating how different participant decision-making strategies may impact the robustness and resilience of global supply chains that are increasingly likely to face frequent and unpredictable disruptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chain reaction of ideas: Can radioactive decay predict technological innovation? 思想的连锁反应:放射性衰变能否预测技术创新?
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130132
G.S.Y. Giardini, C.R. da Cunha
This work demonstrates the application of a birth–death Markov process, inspired by radioactive decay, to capture the dynamics of innovation processes. Leveraging the Bass diffusion model, we derive a Gompertz-like function explaining long-term innovation trends. The validity of our model is confirmed using citation data, Google trends, and a recurrent neural network, which also reveals short-term fluctuations. Further analysis through an automaton model suggests these fluctuations can arise from the inherent stochastic nature of the underlying physics.
这项工作展示了受放射性衰变启发的出生-死亡马尔可夫过程在捕捉创新过程动态方面的应用。利用巴斯扩散模型,我们推导出了一个解释长期创新趋势的类似冈培兹的函数。我们利用引文数据、谷歌趋势和递归神经网络证实了模型的有效性,并揭示了短期波动。通过自动机模型的进一步分析表明,这些波动可能源于底层物理的固有随机性。
{"title":"Chain reaction of ideas: Can radioactive decay predict technological innovation?","authors":"G.S.Y. Giardini,&nbsp;C.R. da Cunha","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work demonstrates the application of a birth–death Markov process, inspired by radioactive decay, to capture the dynamics of innovation processes. Leveraging the Bass diffusion model, we derive a Gompertz-like function explaining long-term innovation trends. The validity of our model is confirmed using citation data, Google trends, and a recurrent neural network, which also reveals short-term fluctuations. Further analysis through an automaton model suggests these fluctuations can arise from the inherent stochastic nature of the underlying physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abnormal cascading dynamics in transportation networks based on Gaussian distribution of load 基于高斯负载分布的运输网络异常级联动力学
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130119
Jianwei Wang, Yiwen Li, Haofan He, Rouye He
In the transportation network, we observe that the distance people travel by means of transportation follows a certain distribution. Statistical analysis shows that people’s travel distance is mainly concentrated in a medium range by the same vehicle, and they choose fewer destinations that are extremely close or far away. However, in previous studies, the impact of distance on the distribution of load flow within the network has often been neglected, or at best, addressed with overly simplistic assumptions. Therefore, we quantify the load flow distribution based on the Gaussian distribution of distances between the nodes. On this basis, a new cascading failure model is proposed using the shortest path strategy to calculate the initial load of the edge. Through the simulation of three real traffic networks and two artificially constructed networks with similar structural characteristics of traffic networks, we found the following interesting anomalies: First, increasing the load-bearing capacity of edges within the network does not necessarily lead to enhanced robustness. Second, we observed that removing more edges does not necessarily lead to a decrease in network robustness; conversely, the network robustness can be higher when a moderate number of edges are removed compared to fewer edges. To better understand the two anomalous dynamics phenomena we observed, we ran simulations on a small-scale network extracted from a real traffic network. We found that, under certain circumstances, the premature failure of some edges may isolate certain regions from the network, which may be responsible for this paradox.
在交通网络中,我们观察到人们乘坐交通工具出行的距离呈一定的分布。统计分析表明,人们乘坐同一种交通工具出行的距离主要集中在中等范围内,选择极近或极远的目的地较少。然而,在以往的研究中,距离对网络内负载流分布的影响往往被忽视,或者充其量只是用过于简单的假设来解决。因此,我们根据节点间距离的高斯分布来量化负载流分布。在此基础上,我们提出了一种新的级联故障模型,使用最短路径策略来计算边缘的初始负载。通过对三个真实交通网络和两个人工构建的具有类似交通网络结构特征的网络进行仿真,我们发现了以下有趣的异常现象:首先,增加网络中边缘的承载能力并不一定会增强鲁棒性。其次,我们观察到,移除更多的边缘并不一定会导致网络鲁棒性下降;相反,当移除的边缘数量适中时,网络鲁棒性可能会高于移除的边缘数量较少时。为了更好地理解我们观察到的两种异常动态现象,我们在一个从真实交通网络中提取的小规模网络上进行了模拟。我们发现,在某些情况下,一些边缘的过早失效可能会将某些区域从网络中隔离开来,这可能就是造成这一悖论的原因。
{"title":"Abnormal cascading dynamics in transportation networks based on Gaussian distribution of load","authors":"Jianwei Wang,&nbsp;Yiwen Li,&nbsp;Haofan He,&nbsp;Rouye He","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the transportation network, we observe that the distance people travel by means of transportation follows a certain distribution. Statistical analysis shows that people’s travel distance is mainly concentrated in a medium range by the same vehicle, and they choose fewer destinations that are extremely close or far away. However, in previous studies, the impact of distance on the distribution of load flow within the network has often been neglected, or at best, addressed with overly simplistic assumptions. Therefore, we quantify the load flow distribution based on the Gaussian distribution of distances between the nodes. On this basis, a new cascading failure model is proposed using the shortest path strategy to calculate the initial load of the edge. Through the simulation of three real traffic networks and two artificially constructed networks with similar structural characteristics of traffic networks, we found the following interesting anomalies: First, increasing the load-bearing capacity of edges within the network does not necessarily lead to enhanced robustness. Second, we observed that removing more edges does not necessarily lead to a decrease in network robustness; conversely, the network robustness can be higher when a moderate number of edges are removed compared to fewer edges. To better understand the two anomalous dynamics phenomena we observed, we ran simulations on a small-scale network extracted from a real traffic network. We found that, under certain circumstances, the premature failure of some edges may isolate certain regions from the network, which may be responsible for this paradox.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Approximation identification for the stochastic time-delayed dynamical system 随机延时动力系统的近似识别
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130135
Ping Han , Qin Guo , Hongxia Zhang , Liang Wang
This paper addresses the challenges of analyzing stochastic dynamical systems with a single time-delay within a data-driven framework. The presence of time-delay introduces non-Markovian characteristics to the system, complicating the analysis of its dynamic behavior using traditional approaches. Drawing inspiration from the small delay approximation, we apply a sparse identification technique to approximate the non-Markovian process with a Markovian one. This innovative method circumvents limitations associated with the system's dimensionality and the complexity of delayed diffusion terms, offering a versatile tool for investigating the dynamics of stochastic time-delayed systems. Our approach begins by establishing a connection between the system's coefficients and simulated data using the Kramers-Moyal formula, which captures the essential statistical properties of the system. We then leverage sparse identification to extract a concise model of the stochastic dynamical system, effectively eliminating the time-delay from consideration. The practicality and efficacy of our method are substantiated through a series of illustrative examples that showcase its application and validate its performance. By introducing this method, we aim to provide a novel analytical framework for stochastic time-delayed systems, advancing the current capabilities for modeling and understanding such complex dynamics.
本文探讨了在数据驱动框架内分析具有单一时间延迟的随机动力系统所面临的挑战。时延的存在为系统引入了非马尔可夫特性,从而使使用传统方法分析其动态行为变得更加复杂。受小延迟近似的启发,我们采用稀疏识别技术,用马尔可夫过程近似非马尔可夫过程。这种创新方法规避了与系统维度和延迟扩散项复杂性相关的限制,为研究随机时延系统的动力学提供了一种多功能工具。我们的方法首先利用克拉默-莫亚公式在系统系数和模拟数据之间建立联系,从而捕捉系统的基本统计特性。然后,我们利用稀疏识别提取随机动态系统的简明模型,有效地消除了时延。我们通过一系列示例展示了这一方法的应用并验证了其性能,从而证实了这一方法的实用性和有效性。通过介绍这种方法,我们旨在为随机时延系统提供一种新的分析框架,从而提高当前对这种复杂动力学建模和理解的能力。
{"title":"Approximation identification for the stochastic time-delayed dynamical system","authors":"Ping Han ,&nbsp;Qin Guo ,&nbsp;Hongxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the challenges of analyzing stochastic dynamical systems with a single time-delay within a data-driven framework. The presence of time-delay introduces non-Markovian characteristics to the system, complicating the analysis of its dynamic behavior using traditional approaches. Drawing inspiration from the small delay approximation, we apply a sparse identification technique to approximate the non-Markovian process with a Markovian one. This innovative method circumvents limitations associated with the system's dimensionality and the complexity of delayed diffusion terms, offering a versatile tool for investigating the dynamics of stochastic time-delayed systems. Our approach begins by establishing a connection between the system's coefficients and simulated data using the Kramers-Moyal formula, which captures the essential statistical properties of the system. We then leverage sparse identification to extract a concise model of the stochastic dynamical system, effectively eliminating the time-delay from consideration. The practicality and efficacy of our method are substantiated through a series of illustrative examples that showcase its application and validate its performance. By introducing this method, we aim to provide a novel analytical framework for stochastic time-delayed systems, advancing the current capabilities for modeling and understanding such complex dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive dissonance and introversion effects on opinion dynamics and echo chamber formation 认知失调和内向对舆论动态和回声室形成的影响
IF 2.8 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2024.130130
Eugene Tan, Thomas Stemler, Michael Small
Bounded confidence models (BCM) are extensively used to model continuous opinion dynamics in social networks. Typically, these models are analysed on static networks where edges do not vary over time. Following in the footsteps of adaptive voter models, further research has considered BCMs in the setting where agents are able to dynamically adjust their edges, which subsequently feedback into the opinion dynamics of the network. Several methods of updating connections have been proposed ranging from random rewiring to more sophisticated approaches based on concordant edges, homophily and cognitive dissonance. We present a modified form of the bounded confidence model, termed the selfish agent opinion (SAO) model, where connection updates are evaluated using a general cost function. Agents in the SAO model maintain two classes of relationships, friends and acquaintances, based on which they update their opinions and edges to optimise a payoff function that may include multiple social factors. This paper explores the effects, which we describe as “cognitive dissonance” and “introversion” that attempt to mimic postulated behaviours associated with the social concepts of the same name, on social network and opinion dynamics. We find that the SAO model naturally produces echo chambers for social networks with increased sensitivity to cognitive dissonance, whilst introversion produces high levels of fragmentation and low opinion mobility. Additionally, the effect of tolerant agents and inquisitive social encounters is investigated. It is found that both the presence of very small numbers of tolerant agents and inquisitive encounters are able to strongly promote consensus formation.
有界信度模型(BCM)被广泛用于模拟社交网络中的连续舆论动态。通常,这些模型是在边缘不随时间变化的静态网络中进行分析的。继自适应投票人模型之后,进一步的研究考虑了在代理能够动态调整其边缘的情况下的 BCM,这些边缘随后会反馈到网络的舆论动态中。已经提出了几种更新连接的方法,从随机重新布线到基于一致边缘、同质性和认知失调的更复杂的方法。我们提出了有界信心模型的一种改进形式,称为自私代理意见(SAO)模型,其中的连接更新使用一般成本函数进行评估。SAO 模型中的代理保持两类关系,即朋友和熟人,在此基础上,他们更新自己的观点和边缘,以优化可能包含多种社会因素的报酬函数。本文探讨了 "认知失调 "和 "内向 "对社交网络和意见动态的影响,我们将其描述为 "认知失调 "和 "内向",试图模仿与同名社会概念相关的假定行为。我们发现,"认知失调 "模型会自然产生社会网络的 "回音室",增加对 "认知失调 "的敏感度,而 "内向 "则会产生高水平的碎片化和低舆论流动性。此外,我们还研究了宽容型代理和探究型社会遭遇的影响。研究发现,数量极少的宽容代理和探究性相遇都能有力地促进共识的形成。
{"title":"Cognitive dissonance and introversion effects on opinion dynamics and echo chamber formation","authors":"Eugene Tan,&nbsp;Thomas Stemler,&nbsp;Michael Small","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bounded confidence models (BCM) are extensively used to model continuous opinion dynamics in social networks. Typically, these models are analysed on static networks where edges do not vary over time. Following in the footsteps of adaptive voter models, further research has considered BCMs in the setting where agents are able to dynamically adjust their edges, which subsequently feedback into the opinion dynamics of the network. Several methods of updating connections have been proposed ranging from random rewiring to more sophisticated approaches based on concordant edges, homophily and cognitive dissonance. We present a modified form of the bounded confidence model, termed the selfish agent opinion (SAO) model, where connection updates are evaluated using a general cost function. Agents in the SAO model maintain two classes of relationships, friends and acquaintances, based on which they update their opinions and edges to optimise a payoff function that may include multiple social factors. This paper explores the effects, which we describe as “cognitive dissonance” and “introversion” that attempt to mimic postulated behaviours associated with the social concepts of the same name, on social network and opinion dynamics. We find that the SAO model naturally produces echo chambers for social networks with increased sensitivity to cognitive dissonance, whilst introversion produces high levels of fragmentation and low opinion mobility. Additionally, the effect of tolerant agents and inquisitive social encounters is investigated. It is found that both the presence of very small numbers of tolerant agents and inquisitive encounters are able to strongly promote consensus formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1