Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-48-51
E. S. Bokova, A. N. Poletayeva, G. Kovalenko, N. V. Evsyukova, S. A. Safonova
In this work, plastisol compositions have been developed for the production of plastic masses based on chemically cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and polymer expanded microspheres for the production of air clay
{"title":"Plastisols based on polyvinyl alcohol and their use for the production of children’s products","authors":"E. S. Bokova, A. N. Poletayeva, G. Kovalenko, N. V. Evsyukova, S. A. Safonova","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-48-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-48-51","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, plastisol compositions have been developed for the production of plastic masses based on chemically cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol and polymer expanded microspheres for the production of air clay","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-19-23
A. A. Efremova, N. M. Chalaya, T. A. Ivanenko, I. N. Tsapenko, A. A. Shchepelev
The results of studies of changes in the physical and mechanical properties of heat-resistant polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymide (PI) and fluoroplastic (PP) films, as well as synthetic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and aramid fabrics in a wide range of specified exposure temperatures and temperature exposure times are presented. The most suitable heat-resistant polymer films and fabrics for use in inflatable structures of aeronautical equipment have been identified. An assessment of the operational parameters of the investigated materials showed linear character of change in properties in a given temperature and time interval of researches.
{"title":"Study of the properties of combined multilayer polymer materials for aeronautical equipment","authors":"A. A. Efremova, N. M. Chalaya, T. A. Ivanenko, I. N. Tsapenko, A. A. Shchepelev","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-19-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-19-23","url":null,"abstract":"The results of studies of changes in the physical and mechanical properties of heat-resistant polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymide (PI) and fluoroplastic (PP) films, as well as synthetic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and aramid fabrics in a wide range of specified exposure temperatures and temperature exposure times are presented. The most suitable heat-resistant polymer films and fabrics for use in inflatable structures of aeronautical equipment have been identified. An assessment of the operational parameters of the investigated materials showed linear character of change in properties in a given temperature and time interval of researches.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-44-47
V. A. Zakharova, E. D. Nikishin, A. V. Dedov
The effectiveness of surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate with a mixture of fluorine and oxygen to reduce the permeability to water and aqueous ethanol solutions has been studied. We obtained a decrease in the permeability coefficient of the modified fi lm for water and ethanol solutions, the degree of decrease in the permeability coefficient depends on the chemical composition of the liquid. Oxyfluorination leads to the production of a modified fi lm with an increased liquid diffusion coefficient compared to the original fi lm, which is associated with the formation of local defects which is confirmed by micrographs made with of an atomic force microscope and by measuring the surface roughness of the original and modified films.
{"title":"Oxyfl uorinated polyethylene terephthalate for liquid storage containers","authors":"V. A. Zakharova, E. D. Nikishin, A. V. Dedov","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-44-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-44-47","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate with a mixture of fluorine and oxygen to reduce the permeability to water and aqueous ethanol solutions has been studied. We obtained a decrease in the permeability coefficient of the modified fi lm for water and ethanol solutions, the degree of decrease in the permeability coefficient depends on the chemical composition of the liquid. Oxyfluorination leads to the production of a modified fi lm with an increased liquid diffusion coefficient compared to the original fi lm, which is associated with the formation of local defects which is confirmed by micrographs made with of an atomic force microscope and by measuring the surface roughness of the original and modified films.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-6-10
O. I. Abramushkina, G. A. Batukhin
The study of rheological and viscoelastic characteristics of modern grades of LLDPE and their mixtures with LDPE, intended for the production of fi lm products, as well as the evaluation of mechanical characteristics of films made of them have been carried out. As a result of studying the rheological properties of LLDPE and LDPE, it was found that polymer melts show behavior typical of pseudoplastic liquids. The flow index for all grades of LLDPE was 0.78–0.91, which indicates a narrow MWD of polymers; LDPE had a flow index of 0.56–0.57 and a higher activation energy for viscous flow than LLDPE.The viscoelastic properties of the polymers were assessed by the value of swelling coefficient (Ks) at two test temperatures. It is shown that the Ks of LDPE significantly exceeded that of all studied LLDPE grades at the same shear rates or shear stresses. The increase in temperature had an insignificant effect on the Ks value for both LDPE and LLDPE. It has been found that an increase in the content of LDPE in mixtures with LLDPE leads to an increase in Ks.The analysis of tensile properties of films obtained from the original polymers and their blends showed that the character of change in strength and elongation at break depends on the composition and type of LLDPE from different manufacturers. Films based on m-LLDPE of LUCENE brand had the maximum strength properties. The optimal content of LDPE in a mixture with LLDPE depends on the type of LLDPE and is no more than 10–20 wt.%.
{"title":"Features of extrusion of films from blends of LDPE and LLDPE of modern grades","authors":"O. I. Abramushkina, G. A. Batukhin","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-6-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-6-10","url":null,"abstract":"The study of rheological and viscoelastic characteristics of modern grades of LLDPE and their mixtures with LDPE, intended for the production of fi lm products, as well as the evaluation of mechanical characteristics of films made of them have been carried out. As a result of studying the rheological properties of LLDPE and LDPE, it was found that polymer melts show behavior typical of pseudoplastic liquids. The flow index for all grades of LLDPE was 0.78–0.91, which indicates a narrow MWD of polymers; LDPE had a flow index of 0.56–0.57 and a higher activation energy for viscous flow than LLDPE.The viscoelastic properties of the polymers were assessed by the value of swelling coefficient (Ks) at two test temperatures. It is shown that the Ks of LDPE significantly exceeded that of all studied LLDPE grades at the same shear rates or shear stresses. The increase in temperature had an insignificant effect on the Ks value for both LDPE and LLDPE. It has been found that an increase in the content of LDPE in mixtures with LLDPE leads to an increase in Ks.The analysis of tensile properties of films obtained from the original polymers and their blends showed that the character of change in strength and elongation at break depends on the composition and type of LLDPE from different manufacturers. Films based on m-LLDPE of LUCENE brand had the maximum strength properties. The optimal content of LDPE in a mixture with LLDPE depends on the type of LLDPE and is no more than 10–20 wt.%.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-11-14
M. N. Amiraslanova, N. Abdullayeva, R. V. Aliyeva, N. R. Bektashi, L. I. Aliyeva, R. A. Rustamov, Sh. R. Aliyeva, P. E. Isayeva
The molecular weight distribution of monoalkyl(C8–C12)phenolformaldehyde oligomers modified with imidazolines based on sunfl ower or corn oil fatty acids and polyamines – diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, polyethylene polyamines was determined by gel-chromatography. The influence of the component and quantitative composition on the parameters of the number average and weight average molecular weights, as well as on the polydispersity of oligomers, was studied. Regularities have been revealed and assumptions have been made regarding repeating monoalkyl (C8-C12)phenol-formaldehyde fragments in the composition of oligomeric macromolecules.
{"title":"Molecular-mass distribution of alkylphenolformaldehyde oligomers modified by imidazolines","authors":"M. N. Amiraslanova, N. Abdullayeva, R. V. Aliyeva, N. R. Bektashi, L. I. Aliyeva, R. A. Rustamov, Sh. R. Aliyeva, P. E. Isayeva","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-11-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-11-14","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular weight distribution of monoalkyl(C8–C12)phenolformaldehyde oligomers modified with imidazolines based on sunfl ower or corn oil fatty acids and polyamines – diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, polyethylene polyamines was determined by gel-chromatography. The influence of the component and quantitative composition on the parameters of the number average and weight average molecular weights, as well as on the polydispersity of oligomers, was studied. Regularities have been revealed and assumptions have been made regarding repeating monoalkyl (C8-C12)phenol-formaldehyde fragments in the composition of oligomeric macromolecules.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-3-5
K. A. Brekhova, I. D. Simonov-Emelyanov
A generalized nomogram for designing the type of structure and compositions of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM) with flame retardant fillers having high combustion resistance and a high oxygen index (OI) is proposed on the example of polymer composite based on ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and magnesium hydroxide of EcoPyrene brand. The nomogram combines into a single whole the previously obtained dependencies for the calculation and organization of different types of structure of DFPCM and data on combustion resistance and OI values.
以 EcoPyrene 品牌基于乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）和氢氧化镁的聚合物复合材料为例，提出了一种通用提名图，用于设计含有高燃烧阻力和高氧指数（OI）阻燃填料的分散填充聚合物复合材料（DFPCM）的结构类型和成分。提名图将之前获得的用于计算和组织不同类型 DFPCM 结构的依赖关系以及关于燃烧阻力和 OI 值的数据整合为一个整体。
{"title":"Generalized nomogram for determining the type of structure and composition of fire-resistant polymer composite materials with fire-retardant fillers","authors":"K. A. Brekhova, I. D. Simonov-Emelyanov","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2024-01-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"A generalized nomogram for designing the type of structure and compositions of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM) with flame retardant fillers having high combustion resistance and a high oxygen index (OI) is proposed on the example of polymer composite based on ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and magnesium hydroxide of EcoPyrene brand. The nomogram combines into a single whole the previously obtained dependencies for the calculation and organization of different types of structure of DFPCM and data on combustion resistance and OI values.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-50-53
M. A. Kapustianskaia, Y. M. Gurevich, K. S. Mishurov
This paper presents the results of the study of a polymer filler for the “crush-core” rapid molding technology. Different formulations of the compositions, temperature regimes of curing were investigated, and the completeness of the passage of a chemical reaction under various temperature regimes was also considered. The depth of the curing reaction was separately studied in order to obtain a filler processed in a single technological cycle lasting no more than 1 hour at a temperature of 140°C, together with skins based on fiberglass prepreg.
{"title":"Polymer filler for accelerated molding technology","authors":"M. A. Kapustianskaia, Y. M. Gurevich, K. S. Mishurov","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-50-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-50-53","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of the study of a polymer filler for the “crush-core” rapid molding technology. Different formulations of the compositions, temperature regimes of curing were investigated, and the completeness of the passage of a chemical reaction under various temperature regimes was also considered. The depth of the curing reaction was separately studied in order to obtain a filler processed in a single technological cycle lasting no more than 1 hour at a temperature of 140°C, together with skins based on fiberglass prepreg.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-57-60
A. G. Dementieva, T. A. Kuznetsova, V. V. Kovriga
The phenomenon of double sequential neck formation during hydraulic tests of cross-linked polyethylene has been studied. It is shown that the extension ratio, formed under conditions of double neck formation at the first and second stages, varies in the range from 2 to 7.
{"title":"Double sequential necking in cross-linked polyethylene","authors":"A. G. Dementieva, T. A. Kuznetsova, V. V. Kovriga","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-57-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-57-60","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of double sequential neck formation during hydraulic tests of cross-linked polyethylene has been studied. It is shown that the extension ratio, formed under conditions of double neck formation at the first and second stages, varies in the range from 2 to 7.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139532145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-47-49
A. S. Vasilyeva, V. V. Kovriga
The process of tearing on trouser test pieces was studied on four types of materials according to GOST 262-93 for elastomers and according to POLYPLASTIC Group standard STO 73011750-009-2012 [3] for testing thermoplastic materials. It has been shown that when tested according to the POLYPLASTIC Group standard on materials of polyethylene group (using a tearing element), it is possible to realize an area of continuous tearing. Data on tear resistance values were obtained on four materials: plasticized PVC, polyethylene of blow molding grades, PU and silicone.
根据 GOST 262-93（测试弹性体）和 POLYPLASTIC 集团标准 STO 73011750-009-2012 [3]（测试热塑性材料），对四种材料的裤子试片撕裂过程进行了研究。结果表明，根据 POLYPLASTIC 集团标准（使用撕裂元件）对聚乙烯类材料进行测试时，可以实现连续撕裂区域。获得了四种材料的抗撕裂值数据：塑化聚氯乙烯、吹塑级聚乙烯、聚氨酯和硅胶。
{"title":"Comparison of tearing test methods for elastomers on trouser test pieces and determination of tear strength of plastics using a tearing element","authors":"A. S. Vasilyeva, V. V. Kovriga","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-47-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-47-49","url":null,"abstract":"The process of tearing on trouser test pieces was studied on four types of materials according to GOST 262-93 for elastomers and according to POLYPLASTIC Group standard STO 73011750-009-2012 [3] for testing thermoplastic materials. It has been shown that when tested according to the POLYPLASTIC Group standard on materials of polyethylene group (using a tearing element), it is possible to realize an area of continuous tearing. Data on tear resistance values were obtained on four materials: plasticized PVC, polyethylene of blow molding grades, PU and silicone.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-54-56
V. V. Sokolov, A. M. Gulyaev, S. I. Voinov, P. Y. Antipov, O. A. Golishev, S. Dolinsky
In this paper, the effect of macropores on the mechanical characteristics during compression of thick-walled carbon fiber parts obtained by vacuum infusion has been studied. The mechanism of destruction of thick-walled carbon fiber reinforced plastic with a pore content of more than 1% under compression has been determined.
{"title":"Assessment of the influence of porosity on the mechanical characteristics of thick-walled carbon fiber parts produced by vacuum infusion","authors":"V. V. Sokolov, A. M. Gulyaev, S. I. Voinov, P. Y. Antipov, O. A. Golishev, S. Dolinsky","doi":"10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-54-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2023-11-12-54-56","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effect of macropores on the mechanical characteristics during compression of thick-walled carbon fiber parts obtained by vacuum infusion has been studied. The mechanism of destruction of thick-walled carbon fiber reinforced plastic with a pore content of more than 1% under compression has been determined.","PeriodicalId":20254,"journal":{"name":"Plasticheskie massy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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