Polish Journal of Soil Science最新文献_第2页

Content of Selected Macro- and Microelements in Surface Formations of Organic Soils in NE Poland 波兰东北部有机土壤表层形成物中选定的宏、微量元素含量

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.17951/pjss.2021.54.2.155

M. Orzechowski, S. Smólczyński

引用次数: 0

Measurement of Radon-222 Concentrations in Selected Soil Samples in Al-Mothafeen Area (Kerbala, Iraq) by Using the CN-85 Detector 用CN-85探测器测量Al-Mothafen地区（伊拉克克尔巴拉）选定土壤样品中的氡-222浓度

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.17951/pjss.2021.54.2.139

A. A. Ibrahim, A. Hashim, A. Abojassim

引用次数: 0

Applicability of Fuzzy and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) Methods to Determine the Optimum Soil Depth in Land Suitability Evaluation for Irrigated Rice 模糊层次分析法在灌溉水稻土地适宜性评价中的适用性

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.17951/pjss.2021.54.1.103-122

N. Mahabadi, Shahram Mahmoud Soltani

The conventional Boolean logic models of land suitability assessment disregard the continuity concepts of the soil and landscape which might cause inaccurate evaluation and classification. To overcome this uncertainty and consequent constraints, the fuzzy set theories were introduced. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to estimate the optimum soil depth that is used in land suitability evaluation for irrigated rice through the fuzzy sets theory and analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP) in Guilan Province, Iran. The square root and quantitative land suitability evaluation methods were employed to calculate traditional land suitability indices (for depths, 0-25, 0-50, 0-75, and 0-100 cm). Also, fuzzy and fuzzy AHP methods were used to explore new land indices. The Sarma similarity indices were used to compare the results of traditional and fuzzy methods for different soil depths. The results showed that the compatibility percentage between the representative pedons (0-100 cm) and the findings of this research (0-50 and 0-75 cm) were remarkable. Furthermore, the highest compatibility percentage of land suitability class was related to the comparison of these two former depths and 0 to 100 cm depths in each of the two used fuzzy methods. Besides, except for 0-25 cm depths, actual yield revealed a significant and positive correlation with the rest three soil pedon depths. These findings show that considering 0 to 50 cm soil depth might be a relevant alternative as the optimal depth to evaluate land suitability for rice in paddy fields in the Guilan rice-growing area.

传统的土地适宜性评价布尔逻辑模型忽略了土壤与景观的连续性概念，导致评价和分类不准确。为了克服这种不确定性和随之而来的约束，引入了模糊集理论。因此，本研究采用模糊集理论和模糊层次分析法(fuzzy AHP)在伊朗桂兰省进行灌溉水稻土地适宜性评价中最佳土壤深度的估算。采用平方根法和定量土地适宜性评价法计算传统土地适宜性指数(深度0-25、0-50、0-75和0-100 cm)。利用模糊和模糊层次分析法探索新的土地指标。利用Sarma相似指数对不同土层深度下传统方法和模糊方法的结果进行比较。结果表明:0 ~ 100 cm范围内的代表性植物与本研究范围内0 ~ 50 cm和0 ~ 75 cm范围内的亲和性显著;此外，土地适宜性等级的最高相容性百分比与前两种深度和0 ~ 100 cm深度的比较有关。除0 ~ 25 cm土层深度外，实际产量与其余3个土层深度均呈显著正相关。这些结果表明，考虑0 ~ 50 cm土壤深度可能是桂兰水稻区稻田土地适宜性评价的最佳选择深度。

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引用次数: 3

Effect of Variety and Climatic Seasonality on Soil Intracellular Enzymatic Activities in Coffee Agroforestry Systems 咖啡农林复合系统中品种和气候季节性对土壤细胞内酶活性的影响

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.17951/PJSS.2021.54.1.25-39

Yuri Janio Pardo-Plaza, Jorge E. Paolini Gómez, Miriam Elena Cantero-Guevara

Most soil physicochemical parameters do not respond immediately to changes in management when compared to microbiological and biochemical ones; the study of biological and biochemical quality of soils can serve as indicators of their general condition. Enzymatic activities are important in the biochemical functioning of soils. In this work, the activity of three intracellular enzymes of the soil was evaluated: dehydrogenase activity, florescein diacetate hydrolysis and arginine deaminase, its seasonal fluctuation and the effect of two coffee varieties Caturra and Catuai on an agroforestry system. The soil samples were taken during the dry and rainy seasons in two contiguous plots sown with the two coffee varieties and in each one a non-systematic zigzag sampling was carried out. The physical, chemical properties and intracellular enzymatic activities of the soil were determined by the classical methods of analysis and following standard protocols. It was observed that the dehydrogenase activity and hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate had greater activity in the rainy season regardless of the variety, whereas arginine deaminase showed more activity in the dry season and for the Caturra variety. The intracellular enzymatic activities showed sensitivity to the changes during the sampling period, in soils planted with coffee varieties Caturra and Catuai.

与微生物和生物化学参数相比，大多数土壤理化参数不会立即响应管理的变化;土壤的生物和生化质量的研究可以作为土壤总体状况的指标。酶活性在土壤的生化功能中起着重要的作用。本文研究了土壤细胞内3种酶的活性:脱氢酶活性、花素二醋酸酯水解酶活性和精氨酸脱氨酶活性及其季节波动，以及两种咖啡品种卡图拉和卡图伊对农林业系统的影响。土壤样本是在旱季和雨季在两个连续的种植两种咖啡品种的地块上采集的，每个地块都进行了非系统的之字形采样。土壤的物理、化学性质和细胞内酶活性采用经典的分析方法和标准方案进行测定。结果表明，不同品种的脱氢酶和双醋酸荧光素水解酶在雨季均表现出较高的活性，而精氨酸脱氨酶在旱季和卡图拉品种均表现出较高的活性。在种植咖啡品种卡图拉和卡图伊的土壤中，细胞内酶活性对采样期间的变化表现出敏感性。

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引用次数: 0

Soil Fertility in Response to Long-Term Fertilization under the Tobacco Monoculture System on Rendzic Leptosol in Bulgaria 保加利亚Rendzic Leptosol烟草单一栽培制度下土壤肥力对长期施肥的响应

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.17951/pjss.2021.54.1.59-69

R. Bozhinova, T. Hristeva

The effect of long-term mineral and organic-mineral fertilization on selected soil properties (pH, total humus and N, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese content) was studied in a stationary trail with tobacco monocropping system. The trial was established on Rendzic Leptosols in 1966. Five treatments were selected for this study, including control without fertilization (Check), nitrogen + phosphorus (NP), nitrogen + potassium (NK), nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium (NPK) and nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium + manure (NPK + manure). Soil samples at a depth of 0–25 cm were collected from all studied plots every year (2014, 2015 and 2016). The results indicated that maintaining humus content at the initial level is not possible through yearly mineral fertilizer application. Long-term mineral phosphorus fertilization increased 5.5–5.7 times available P2O5 in the soil compared to the initial level. The soil available K2O content in NK and NPK treatments increased, respectively, by 41.1% and 44.9% over the initial level. A remarkable increase in available phosphorus (25.5 times) and potassium (2.5 times) content in the soil compared with the initial level was found due to longterm NPK + manure fertilization. The NPK + manure treatment was found to be the most efficient management system in accumulating of total humus and N, available P2O5, K

在烟草单作固定试验条件下，研究了长期施用矿质肥和有机矿质肥对土壤pH、总腐殖质、总氮、速效磷、速效钾、钙、镁、铁和锰含量的影响。该试验于1966年在Rendzic Leptosols上建立。5个处理分别为不施肥对照(Check)、氮+磷(NP)、氮+钾(NK)、氮+磷+钾(NPK)和氮+磷+钾+粪肥(NPK +粪肥)。每年(2014年、2015年和2016年)在所有研究样地采集深度为0-25 cm的土壤样品。结果表明，每年施用矿肥不可能使腐殖质含量保持在初始水平。长期施用矿质磷肥使土壤中有效P2O5含量较初始水平增加5.5 ~ 5.7倍。NK和NPK处理土壤速效K2O含量分别比初始水平提高了41.1%和44.9%。长期施用氮磷钾+粪肥可显著提高土壤速效磷(25.5倍)和速效钾(2.5倍)含量。在烟草单作条件下，氮磷钾+粪肥处理是长期施肥的Rendzic Leposol中总腐殖质和氮、速效P2O5、K2O、Fe和Mn积累最有效的管理制度。

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引用次数: 2

Digital Terrain Model Derivatives Analysis with the Aim of Identifying Specific Soil Types in Young Post-Glacial Topography with a Vector Approach 用矢量方法识别年轻后冰川地形中特定土壤类型的数字地形模型导数分析

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.17951/pjss.2021.54.1.123-138

M. Radło-Kulisiewicz

This article discusses a study conducted in order to analyse selected Digital Terrain Model (DTM) derivates in diverse young post-glacial topographic profiles with the aim of identifying terrain features that could be related to the soils that formed there. The area under investigation is within the reach of the youngest Vistulian Glaciation, in the north-east of Poland. The main goal of the study was to reveal indirect relationships between a lithological soil type and terrain forms, which transpire from DTM derivatives. This can directly help to assign the type of soil in the area to one of the three soil types: a) made of sand, b) made of loam, c) wet-soils. The starting point for the research undertaken was the landscape approach to soil modelling and the article deals with medium scales. Derivatives were analysed using vector data notation, focusing on selected derivative values and their spatial location in relation to one another. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using this approach as an auxiliary approach in soil mapping of areas for which the quality of source materials (such as precipitation geometry) is low. Thus, they can be of assistance in improving the existing soil maps of selected scales. The trend revealed in the obtained results of DTM analysis can be considered as a contribution to realisation of assumptions of a study in digital soil mapping with the use of selected methods of AI.

本文讨论了一项研究，该研究旨在分析不同年轻冰川后地形剖面中选定的数字地形模型（DTM）衍生物，目的是识别可能与那里形成的土壤有关的地形特征。正在调查的地区位于波兰东北部最年轻的Vistulian冰川的范围内。该研究的主要目的是揭示岩性土壤类型和地形形式之间的间接关系，这是从DTM导数中得出的。这可以直接帮助将该地区的土壤类型指定为三种土壤类型之一：a）由沙子制成，b）由壤土制成，c）潮湿土壤。这项研究的起点是土壤建模的景观方法，文章涉及中等规模。导数使用矢量数据表示法进行分析，重点关注选定的导数值及其相互之间的空间位置。所获得的结果表明，在源材料质量（如降水几何形状）较低的地区的土壤测绘中，使用这种方法作为辅助方法的可能性。因此，它们可以帮助改进现有的选定比例的土壤图。所获得的DTM分析结果中揭示的趋势可以被视为对使用选定的人工智能方法实现数字土壤测绘研究假设的贡献。

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引用次数: 1

Spatial resampling of remote sensing data – accuracy vs. redundancy 遥感数据的空间重采样-精度与冗余

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.17951/PJSS.2020.53.2.293-306

P. Bartmiński, M. Siłuch

Active surface reflectance in a UV/VIS/NIR range deserve special attention among remote sensing techniques due to the potential of information it carries. Data are diversified in terms of spatial, spectral and temporal resolution, resulting in differences in data comparison and collection of material that may be redundant. The aim of the study was to assess whether the use of high-resolution data in analysis of an intensively used meadow is justified. 116 images from Planet sensor were analysed, registered from 2016 to 2019. NDVI, EVI and GLI were calculated for all of the terms. Resampling of data was carried out, with the use of 30 m grid, prepared on the basis of 3 m Planet pixel. Data with different resolution was compared. Seasonal course of values was similar in all cases, values of chosen deciles were nearly the same, however, differences in minimum and maximum values were noted. It was concluded that the use of high-resolution data is not advisable in the context of the spatial variability of seasonal vegetation indices in the case of a terrain with homogeneous land cover. Values of structurally simplified indices are less homogeneous than that of indicators consisting of a greater number of modifying factors.

紫外/可见光/近红外范围内的主动表面反射率由于其携带的信息潜力，在遥感技术中值得特别关注。数据在空间、光谱和时间分辨率方面是多样化的，导致数据比较和材料收集方面的差异可能是多余的。该研究的目的是评估在密集使用的草地分析中使用高分辨率数据是否合理。分析了2016年至2019年来自Planet传感器的116张图像。NDVI、EVI和GLI针对所有条款进行了计算。在3m Planet像素的基础上，使用30m网格对数据进行重新采样。比较了不同分辨率的数据。在所有情况下，数值的季节变化过程相似，所选十分位数的数值几乎相同，但注意到最小值和最大值的差异。得出的结论是，在土地覆盖均匀的地形中，考虑到季节植被指数的空间变异性，使用高分辨率数据是不可取的。结构简化指数的值不如由大量修正因子组成的指标的值均匀。

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引用次数: 1

Relationship between allophane with labile carbon and nitrogen fractions of soil in organic and conventional vegetable farming systems 有机与常规蔬菜种植系统中磷素与土壤活性碳、氮组分的关系

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.17951/PJSS.2020.53.2.273-291

F. Hidayanto, B. Purwanto, S. Utami

Allophane is a characteristic of Andisols whose presence can absorb soil organic matter. One of soil organic matter fractions called the “labile fraction” is currently an appropriate indicator in determining soil quality. However, there is limited information concerning the relationship between allophane and the labile fraction. This study assessed the content of allophane by selective dissolution methods and calculated the labile fraction of particulate organic matter and microbial activity related to the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) soil cycles in organic and conventional vegetable farming systems of two depths (0–25 cm and 25–50 cm). The content of the labile fractions of C and N in organic farming systems is higher than in conventional farming systems, which is also higher in the upper layer compared to the lower layer. However, the availability of allophane in the upper layer and organic system tends to be low. Therefore, allophane has a strong negative correlation with the labile fractions of carbon and nitrogen. The results of this study estimate that phosphorus (P) sorption is higher in soils containing quite high allophane. Hence, an organic farming system that has low allophane content will result in higher P availability for plants.

Allophane是andiols的一个特征，它的存在可以吸收土壤有机质。土壤有机质组分中的一种称为“不稳定组分”，目前是确定土壤质量的适当指标。然而，关于allophane和不稳定分数之间的关系的信息有限。本研究采用选择性溶出法评估了有机蔬菜和传统蔬菜两种深度(0-25 cm和25-50 cm)土壤中磷素的含量，并计算了颗粒有机质的不稳定组分和与土壤碳(C)和氮(N)循环相关的微生物活性。有机耕作系统中C和N的活性组分含量高于常规耕作系统，且上层高于下层。然而，在上层和有机系统中，allophane的有效性往往较低。因此，磷烷与碳和氮的不稳定组分具有较强的负相关关系。本研究结果估计磷(P)的吸收量较高的土壤含有相当高的allophane。因此，有机耕作系统中磷素含量低，植物的磷素利用率就高。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial variability of macroelements in soils in the Lier River valley (Buskerud Region, Southern Norway) 挪威南部利尔河流域(Buskerud地区)土壤中微量元素的空间变异

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.17951/PJSS.2020.53.2.307-317

P. Sowiński

The total content and relationships between macroelements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Fe and Al) and soil properties along the soil catena in the hilly valley of Lier River, S Norway, are discussed in the paper. The upper and middle part of the Lier River valley is covered with Stagnic Phaeozems formed from silt loam and sandy loam. In some parts of middle slope, Haplic Phaeozems (Anocolluvic) formed from silt loam and sandy loam occurred. The flat areas in the lower part of slope were covered with Mollic Gleysols formed from silt and silt loam. The average total amounts of macroelements were not high: Ca – 4.04g kg -1, Mg – 4.34g kg -1, K – 4.31 g kg -1, Na – 0.53 g kg -1, Fe – 19.05 g kg -1, Mn – 0.32 g kg -1 and Al – 20.22 g kg -1. These total amounts showed little vertical and horizontal variance in the soil profiles. The principal component analysis showed that the total amounts of elements in analysed soils was dependent mainly on sand and silt, and the similarity of soil horizons, in the cluster analysis, proves the translocation of macroelements was probable.

本文讨论了挪威利尔河丘陵河谷土壤链中微量元素(Ca、Mg、K、Na、Mn、Fe和Al)的总含量及其与土壤性质的关系。利尔河河谷中上游覆盖着由粉砂壤土和砂壤土形成的Stagnic phaozems。中坡部分地区发育粉砂壤土和砂质壤土形成的泥质土(anocolluic)。斜坡下部平坦区覆盖着粉土和粉壤土形成的Mollic gleysol。大量元素的平均总量不高:Ca - 4.04g kg -1, Mg - 4.34g kg -1, K - 4.31 g kg -1, Na - 0.53 g kg -1, Fe - 19.05 g kg -1, Mn - 0.32 g kg -1, Al - 20.22 g kg -1。这些总量在土壤剖面上的垂直和水平变化不大。主成分分析表明，土壤中元素的总量主要依赖于沙土和粉土;聚类分析表明，土壤层位的相似性表明，土壤中大量元素的迁移是可能的。

引用次数: 0

Cd and Pb in the “soil-plant” system of Holosiyiv green park area in Kyiv 基辅Holosiyiv绿色公园区域“土壤-植物”系统中的Cd和Pb

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Polish Journal of Soil Science

Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.17951/PJSS.2020.53.2.199-210

Nataliia Ryzhenko, N. Yastrebtsova, D. Ryzhenko

In this paper, the content of metals (Cd and Pb) was investigated in soil-plant system of Holosiyiv green park area in Kyiv. Kyiv is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, and has an anthropogenic load. Metals pollution in various degrees in green park areas may affect people’s health through different paths. We propose to control the lead contamination in soil because Pb concentration levels were above when compared with background values in almost all samples of soil and exceeded the maximum permissible concentration in sites of top of hills in park. Moreover, the obtained results indicated high concentrations of lead in studied plants; most of them are medicinal and traditionally used by people. The highest phytomass concentration of Pb was observed in Asarum europaeum L., whereas Impatiens parviflora DC and Urtica dioica L. had the highest plant up-taking indexes for both studied metals.

本文对基辅Holosiyiv绿色公园区土壤-植物系统中的金属（Cd和Pb）含量进行了研究。基辅是乌克兰的首都和最大城市，有人为活动。绿色公园区域不同程度的金属污染可能通过不同的途径影响人们的健康。我们建议控制土壤中的铅污染，因为与几乎所有土壤样本的背景值相比，铅浓度水平都高于背景值，并且超过了公园山顶场地的最大允许浓度。此外，所获得的结果表明，所研究的植物中铅的浓度很高；它们大多是药用的，传统上被人们使用。在细辛中观察到最高的Pb植物质量浓度，而凤仙花和荨麻对这两种研究金属的吸收指数最高。

引用次数: 1

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