Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.001
Y. M. WU, M. GOLNOOSH
The shortage of water resources is one of the main problems in the world today, and water pollution and under-utilization of water resources are two factors contributing to this shortage. Appropriate supplement environmental flow can have a positive impact on dilution of pollutants, and consequently on fish habitats and the characteristics of the river channels. The purpose of this study is to determine the environmental water demand of the lower Selangor River, known as Sungai Selangor, through the Tennant Method, and then compare the data with the findings in available documents in order to ascertain the most economical and favorable supplement environmental flow method. The results of this study show that the months of November and December between the years 2009 and 2018 were the peak periods of discharge, with it being important for the discharge of these two months to meet 200% of the average annual flow needed to maintain fish habitats and channels in downstream Sungai Selangor. To meet the requirements of supplement environmental flow and improvement of water quality, it is recommended that the spillway working gate of the Sungai Kerling hydropower plant be modified so that the flow can be discharged downstream to supplement the environmental flow. Providing environmental flows for downstream would generate economic benefits and allow upstream and downstream regions to share resources.
{"title":"THE ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW METHOD FOR SUPPLEMENTING THE WATER NEEDED FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SELANGOR RIVER, MALAYSIA","authors":"Y. M. WU, M. GOLNOOSH","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The shortage of water resources is one of the main problems in the world today, and water pollution and under-utilization of water resources are two factors contributing to this shortage. Appropriate supplement environmental flow can have a positive impact on dilution of pollutants, and consequently on fish habitats and the characteristics of the river channels. The purpose of this study is to determine the environmental water demand of the lower Selangor River, known as Sungai Selangor, through the Tennant Method, and then compare the data with the findings in available documents in order to ascertain the most economical and favorable supplement environmental flow method. The results of this study show that the months of November and December between the years 2009 and 2018 were the peak periods of discharge, with it being important for the discharge of these two months to meet 200% of the average annual flow needed to maintain fish habitats and channels in downstream Sungai Selangor. To meet the requirements of supplement environmental flow and improvement of water quality, it is recommended that the spillway working gate of the Sungai Kerling hydropower plant be modified so that the flow can be discharged downstream to supplement the environmental flow. Providing environmental flows for downstream would generate economic benefits and allow upstream and downstream regions to share resources.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.020
Rosalin Das
This study aimed to explore and understand groundwater hydrochemistry, evaluate the groundwater quality of the Athgarh basin comprehensively using Water Quality Index (WQI) and statistical correlations. Accordingly, the quality of the groundwater was assessed for drinking purposes. Moreover, seasonal variation and annual variation of water quality have been monitored for two consecutive years after systematic collection of groundwater samples and their methodical physico-chemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, 13 parameters (viz., pH, EC, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and nitrate) have been considered. The analyzed value is compared with the prescribed limits of WHO for drinking suitability. Hydrological facies were evaluated through Piper’s trilinear diagram and Chadha’s diagram using cation and anion values. A systematic statistical correlation study deciphers the significant linear relationship among different pairs of water quality parameters.
{"title":"GROUNDWATER QUALITY INDEX, STATISTICAL CORRELATION, SEASONAL AND ANNUAL COMPARATIVE HYDROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ATHGARH BASIN, INDIA: AN INTEGRATED EMPIRICAL STUDY","authors":"Rosalin Das","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.020","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore and understand groundwater hydrochemistry, evaluate the groundwater quality of the Athgarh basin comprehensively using Water Quality Index (WQI) and statistical correlations. Accordingly, the quality of the groundwater was assessed for drinking purposes. Moreover, seasonal variation and annual variation of water quality have been monitored for two consecutive years after systematic collection of groundwater samples and their methodical physico-chemical analysis. For calculating the WQI, 13 parameters (viz., pH, EC, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, bicarbonate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and nitrate) have been considered. The analyzed value is compared with the prescribed limits of WHO for drinking suitability. Hydrological facies were evaluated through Piper’s trilinear diagram and Chadha’s diagram using cation and anion values. A systematic statistical correlation study deciphers the significant linear relationship among different pairs of water quality parameters.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.022
Shivani Sharma, J. Sharma, D. Rani, Aditi Dwivedi, Munsaka Siankuku, V. Saini, N. Sharma
Floral waste management in Indian purview is seemingly diffused. The main contributors of floral waste are religious offerings spanning across PAN India level. Certainly, floral waste appropriately referred to as temple waste is either dumped into adjoining surface waters and streams or is being piled up with municipal solid waste for its further processing. Predominantly, floral waste consists of Tagetes sp. Our preliminary study is inspired by the fact that floral waste has an immense potential to develop value added products through microbiological interventions by utilizing the natural attenuation property of autochthonous microbes. This led to planning of bio-prospective study aimed to screen indigenous pigment producing fungal isolates from Tagetes sp. with diversified applications in healthcare, textile, food and pharmaceutical industries. Two promiscuous isolates with pigment producing efficacy were screened by Solid State Fermentation (SSF) and Submerged Fermentation (SmF) and were identified as Mucor sp. and Penicillium sp. Briefly, an attempt was made to ascertain anti-microbial efficacy of Bacillus sp. by Disc Diffusion Assay through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against pigment produced by both the fungal isolates with Chloremphenicol, Amoxycillin and Vancomycin as positive controls. A significant (p
{"title":"SCREENING OF PIGMENT PRODUCING FUNGI FROM FLORAL WASTE AS A PROSPECTIVE ANTI-MICROBIAL TOOL","authors":"Shivani Sharma, J. Sharma, D. Rani, Aditi Dwivedi, Munsaka Siankuku, V. Saini, N. Sharma","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.022","url":null,"abstract":"Floral waste management in Indian purview is seemingly diffused. The main contributors of floral waste are religious offerings spanning across PAN India level. Certainly, floral waste appropriately referred to as temple waste is either dumped into adjoining surface waters and streams or is being piled up with municipal solid waste for its further processing. Predominantly, floral waste consists of Tagetes sp. Our preliminary study is inspired by the fact that floral waste has an immense potential to develop value added products through microbiological interventions by utilizing the natural attenuation property of autochthonous microbes. This led to planning of bio-prospective study aimed to screen indigenous pigment producing fungal isolates from Tagetes sp. with diversified applications in healthcare, textile, food and pharmaceutical industries. Two promiscuous isolates with pigment producing efficacy were screened by Solid State Fermentation (SSF) and Submerged Fermentation (SmF) and were identified as Mucor sp. and Penicillium sp. Briefly, an attempt was made to ascertain anti-microbial efficacy of Bacillus sp. by Disc Diffusion Assay through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against pigment produced by both the fungal isolates with Chloremphenicol, Amoxycillin and Vancomycin as positive controls. A significant (p","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.024
Renu Sharma, D. Slathia
The study investigated the microbial quality of Behlol stream- a Lower Himalayan stream and groundwater sources in its proximity areas in terms of MPN index/100 ml for total and faecal coliforms and application of statistical tools like correlation and linear regression to deduce beneficial parametric associations for easy interpretation of the data. MPN/100 ml index analysis revealed severe microbial contamination at the surface water sampling site S2 and the nearby groundwater sites G2 and G3 indicating the impact of surface water pollution on the groundwater sources. The authors observed that the rate of groundwater contamination decreased with the increase in distance from the surface water sites suggesting that the groundwater pollution is mainly contributed by the release of combined industrial and sewage wastes into the Behlol stream. The study also identified bacterial genera like Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Salmonella, and Shigella, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae via colony cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. A significant relationship obtained from an orderly linear correlation and regression in this study provides a better alternative for a systematic study over the conventional techniques; reducing the quantum of analysis and can therefore be treated as a rapid method for water quality monitoring
{"title":"APPLICATION OF MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS TO DETERMINE MICROBIAL WATER QUALITY CHANGES ACROSS HIGHLY DISTURBED LOWER HIMALAYAN STREAM AND THE GROUNDWATER SOURCES IN THE PROXIMITY, JAMMU (INDIA)","authors":"Renu Sharma, D. Slathia","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.024","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the microbial quality of Behlol stream- a Lower Himalayan stream and groundwater sources in its proximity areas in terms of MPN index/100 ml for total and faecal coliforms and application of statistical tools like correlation and linear regression to deduce beneficial parametric associations for easy interpretation of the data. MPN/100 ml index analysis revealed severe microbial contamination at the surface water sampling site S2 and the nearby groundwater sites G2 and G3 indicating the impact of surface water pollution on the groundwater sources. The authors observed that the rate of groundwater contamination decreased with the increase in distance from the surface water sites suggesting that the groundwater pollution is mainly contributed by the release of combined industrial and sewage wastes into the Behlol stream. The study also identified bacterial genera like Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Salmonella, and Shigella, belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae via colony cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. A significant relationship obtained from an orderly linear correlation and regression in this study provides a better alternative for a systematic study over the conventional techniques; reducing the quantum of analysis and can therefore be treated as a rapid method for water quality monitoring","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i03.014
MANISHA SHARMA, MANOJ KUMAR, None B.M. DABHI
.
{"title":"EFFECT OF INTRA-ROW SPACING AND POTASSIUM LEVELS ON SOIL ANALYSIS AND SWEET CORN QUALITY TRAITS (ZEA MAYS L. VAR. SACCHARATA)","authors":"MANISHA SHARMA, MANOJ KUMAR, None B.M. DABHI","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i03.014","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.007
K. Kumar, Y. Kumar, T. B. PRIYA S. ISHA PARVEEN, M. J. Kiranmayi, M. J. Lakshmi
A.P
美国专利
{"title":"EFFECT OF NUTRIENT OMISSION STUDIES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RABI SORGHUM CROP UNDER VERTISOLS","authors":"K. Kumar, Y. Kumar, T. B. PRIYA S. ISHA PARVEEN, M. J. Kiranmayi, M. J. Lakshmi","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.007","url":null,"abstract":"A.P","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.014
S. Banyal, R. Aggarwal, S. Bhardwaj
The study was conducted to analyse the impact of national highway (NH-22) bypass (Shoghi - Shimla - Dhali )expansion activities on soil carbon content. The study area was divided into four equal sites based on distances viz. Site 1, Site 2, Site3 and Site 4. The surface soil organic carbon in the study area lies in between range of 0.40 per cent to 1.29 %. The highest soil organic carbon of 0.79 % was registered in the post-monsoon season and lowest of 0.70 % was recorded in the pre-monsoon season. The soil organic carbon followed an increasing trend with the increasing distance from the highway. The highest soil carbon stock of 15.20 Mg C ha -1 was registered in the post-monsoon season and lowest of 14.70 Mg C ha -1 was recorded in the pre-monsoon season. The data further revealed that the soil carbon stock increased with the increase in distances from the highway at distances of 0-10 m, 10-20 m and > 20 m.
本研究旨在分析国道(NH-22)绕道(Shoghi - Shimla - Dhali)扩建活动对土壤碳含量的影响。根据距离将研究区域划分为四个相等的站点，即站点1、站点2、站点3和站点4。研究区表层土壤有机碳含量在0.40% ~ 1.29%之间。季风后土壤有机碳最高，为0.79%，季风前土壤有机碳最低，为0.70%。随着离公路距离的增加，土壤有机碳呈增加趋势。季风后土壤碳储量最高，为15.20 Mg C ha -1，季风前土壤碳储量最低，为14.70 Mg C ha -1。土壤碳储量在距离公路0 ~ 10 m、10 ~ 20 m和10 ~ 20 m范围内随距离公路的增加而增加。
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF NATIONAL HIGHWAY (NH-22) EXPANSION ACTIVITIES ON SOIL CARBON STOCK IN MOUNTAINOUS ECOSYSTEM","authors":"S. Banyal, R. Aggarwal, S. Bhardwaj","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.014","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to analyse the impact of national highway (NH-22) bypass (Shoghi - Shimla - Dhali )expansion activities on soil carbon content. The study area was divided into four equal sites based on distances viz. Site 1, Site 2, Site3 and Site 4. The surface soil organic carbon in the study area lies in between range of 0.40 per cent to 1.29 %. The highest soil organic carbon of 0.79 % was registered in the post-monsoon season and lowest of 0.70 % was recorded in the pre-monsoon season. The soil organic carbon followed an increasing trend with the increasing distance from the highway. The highest soil carbon stock of 15.20 Mg C ha -1 was registered in the post-monsoon season and lowest of 14.70 Mg C ha -1 was recorded in the pre-monsoon season. The data further revealed that the soil carbon stock increased with the increase in distances from the highway at distances of 0-10 m, 10-20 m and > 20 m.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.006
R. Akbar, M. Sharma, D. Sharma, Raheeba Tunnisa, A. Akhter
A rapidly rising population and a shift in food preferences away from traditional cereals and towards wheat and wheat products are driving up wheat consumption. Storage pests, particularly Sitophilus oryzae, is one of the important insect pest, damages stored wheat grains, degrading the quality and quantity of the commodities by diminishing nutrition content and rendering them unfit for human use. To overcome such problems a study was undertaken to assess the quantitative losses caused by rice weevil in different wheat varieties during different storage periods so that to choose most resistant variety. This study was undertaken during 2018-2019 under laboratory conditions, different wheat varieties viz, VL 907, RSP 561, WH 1080, HD 3086, WH1105 were assessed for quantitative losses caused by rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae. The assessed parameters were adult emergence, per cent seed damage, per cent weight loss and per cent avoidable losses. Our investigation revealed that among the wheat varieties WH 1080 was found least susceptible with minimum number of progeny emergence (21.9), least seed damage (5.77%) and weight loss (1.50%) up to six months of storage period while as RSP 561 was highly susceptible with maximum number of progeny emergence (94.6), highest seed damage (69.3 %) and weight loss (23.6 %).
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF QUANTITATIVE LOSSES IN DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES DUE TO RICE WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS ORYZAE L.)","authors":"R. Akbar, M. Sharma, D. Sharma, Raheeba Tunnisa, A. Akhter","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.006","url":null,"abstract":"A rapidly rising population and a shift in food preferences away from traditional cereals and towards wheat and wheat products are driving up wheat consumption. Storage pests, particularly Sitophilus oryzae, is one of the important insect pest, damages stored wheat grains, degrading the quality and quantity of the commodities by diminishing nutrition content and rendering them unfit for human use. To overcome such problems a study was undertaken to assess the quantitative losses caused by rice weevil in different wheat varieties during different storage periods so that to choose most resistant variety. This study was undertaken during 2018-2019 under laboratory conditions, different wheat varieties viz, VL 907, RSP 561, WH 1080, HD 3086, WH1105 were assessed for quantitative losses caused by rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae. The assessed parameters were adult emergence, per cent seed damage, per cent weight loss and per cent avoidable losses. Our investigation revealed that among the wheat varieties WH 1080 was found least susceptible with minimum number of progeny emergence (21.9), least seed damage (5.77%) and weight loss (1.50%) up to six months of storage period while as RSP 561 was highly susceptible with maximum number of progeny emergence (94.6), highest seed damage (69.3 %) and weight loss (23.6 %).","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.017
K. Kaur, S. Yadav, Neelam M. Rose, D. Bisht
The increasing pace of industrial development has created concerns for the environmental issues. Knitting industry has been characterized as one of the highly polluting industries generating a huge amount of waste that creates various environmental problems and hazards. The present study was effectuated to study the different types of waste generation and waste utilization practices followed by the knitting units of Ludhiana. An exploratory survey of ten knitting units was conducted using a self structured interview schedule. It was noted that majority of the units were established during 1999 to 2009 with an initial investment of 90-95 lakhs and were having an annual turnover upto 15 crores. Total 2305 employees were employed in the selected knitting units, out of which 1233 were skilled workers, 751 were semi-skilled workers, 271 were unskilled workers, 30 were supervisors and 20 were managers. The waste hosiery fabrics were generated in the form of surplus fabric after order completion, fabric roll end waste and fabric with cuts or torn fabric (50%). In cutting and stitching sections, waste was mainly generated due to cutting left overs and thread waste (50% each). All the ten selected units sell the waste fabrics to rag collectors, five units to retailers and three units to shoddy industries. It was also reported that four units either dispose off or burn the waste to get rid of it. The major problem faced for proper utilization of waste fabrics was lack of designing knowledge (80%) followed by shortage of time (70%) and inadequate skills (60%).
{"title":"WASTE MANAGEMENT COGNIZANCE IN KNITWEAR UNITS OF LUDHIANA","authors":"K. Kaur, S. Yadav, Neelam M. Rose, D. Bisht","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.017","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing pace of industrial development has created concerns for the environmental issues. Knitting industry has been characterized as one of the highly polluting industries generating a huge amount of waste that creates various environmental problems and hazards. The present study was effectuated to study the different types of waste generation and waste utilization practices followed by the knitting units of Ludhiana. An exploratory survey of ten knitting units was conducted using a self structured interview schedule. It was noted that majority of the units were established during 1999 to 2009 with an initial investment of 90-95 lakhs and were having an annual turnover upto 15 crores. Total 2305 employees were employed in the selected knitting units, out of which 1233 were skilled workers, 751 were semi-skilled workers, 271 were unskilled workers, 30 were supervisors and 20 were managers. The waste hosiery fabrics were generated in the form of surplus fabric after order completion, fabric roll end waste and fabric with cuts or torn fabric (50%). In cutting and stitching sections, waste was mainly generated due to cutting left overs and thread waste (50% each). All the ten selected units sell the waste fabrics to rag collectors, five units to retailers and three units to shoddy industries. It was also reported that four units either dispose off or burn the waste to get rid of it. The major problem faced for proper utilization of waste fabrics was lack of designing knowledge (80%) followed by shortage of time (70%) and inadequate skills (60%).","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.018
R. Patel, A. Jha, Badal Verma, Rahul Kumbhare, Richard R Singh
A field study was carried out during the rabi season 2020-21 to identify weed species and investigate the efficacy of post-emergence herbicides on weeds and their effect on wheat grain yield at AICRP on Wheat, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). Seven different treatments were applied, namely pinoxaden at 40 g a.i./ha, pinoxaden at 45 g a.i./ha, pinoxaden at 90 g a.i./ha, clodinafop propargyl at 90 g a.i./ha, sulfosulfuron at 25 g a.i./ha as post-emergence (25 DAS), hand weeding at 30 DAS and weedy check. The highest number of individuals was recorded for Medicago denticulata (30.82%), Cichorium intybus (29.94%), Phalaris minor (15.60%), Chenopodium album (15.32%) and Anagallis arvensis (8.30%). All the herbicide treatments provided significant control of weeds causing significant reduction in density of target weed flora and improved the grain yield compared with the weedy check. The highest mortality of weeds (41.12%) was recorded where pinoxaden at 90 g a.i./ha was applied. However, pinoxaden at 45 g a.i./ha is the most effective and best option for higher values of growth parameters, yield attributes and maximum wheat grain yield.
在2020- 2021年rabi季，开展了田间研究，以确定杂草种类，并研究出苗后除草剂对AICRP小麦，JNKVV, Jabalpur (mp)的杂草效果及其对小麦产量的影响。施用7种不同的处理，即40 g a.i./ha、45 g a.i./ha、90 g a.i./ha、90 g a.i./ha、25 g a.i./ha的氯硝丙酯、25 g a.i./ha的磺胺磺隆作为出苗后(25 DAS)、30 DAS的手除草和杂草检查。单株数最多的是牙花苜蓿(30.82%)、菊苣(29.94%)、小Phalaris(15.60%)、Chenopodium album(15.32%)和Anagallis arvensis(8.30%)。与杂草对照相比，所有除草剂处理对杂草均有显著的控制作用，使目标杂草区系密度显著降低，并提高了籽粒产量。施用90 g / hm2吡诺菌登时，杂草死亡率最高，为41.12%。然而，施用45 g a.i./ hm2的皮诺施登对提高小麦的生长参数、产量属性和最高产量是最有效和最佳的选择。
{"title":"BIO-EFFICACY OF PINOXADEN AS POST-EMERGENCE HERBICIDE AGAINST WEEDS IN WHEAT CROP","authors":"R. Patel, A. Jha, Badal Verma, Rahul Kumbhare, Richard R Singh","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.018","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was carried out during the rabi season 2020-21 to identify weed species and investigate the efficacy of post-emergence herbicides on weeds and their effect on wheat grain yield at AICRP on Wheat, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). Seven different treatments were applied, namely pinoxaden at 40 g a.i./ha, pinoxaden at 45 g a.i./ha, pinoxaden at 90 g a.i./ha, clodinafop propargyl at 90 g a.i./ha, sulfosulfuron at 25 g a.i./ha as post-emergence (25 DAS), hand weeding at 30 DAS and weedy check. The highest number of individuals was recorded for Medicago denticulata (30.82%), Cichorium intybus (29.94%), Phalaris minor (15.60%), Chenopodium album (15.32%) and Anagallis arvensis (8.30%). All the herbicide treatments provided significant control of weeds causing significant reduction in density of target weed flora and improved the grain yield compared with the weedy check. The highest mortality of weeds (41.12%) was recorded where pinoxaden at 90 g a.i./ha was applied. However, pinoxaden at 45 g a.i./ha is the most effective and best option for higher values of growth parameters, yield attributes and maximum wheat grain yield.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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