Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.003
A. AZHAGURAJAN, M. K. Marichelvam, L. PRAKASH
Herein, we report the characteristics of residues obtained after igniting the flash powder mixture consisting of varying amounts of Aluminium (Al) and Boron (B) with other energetic materials like potassium nitrate (KNO3 ) and sulphur (S). The nature of particulate matter collected after combustion was characterized through FESEM-EDX, FTIR, STA (TGA/DSC) and ICP spectrometer. FTIR spectra analysis reveals about the presence of various metal oxides, K2 S and K2 SO4 . On replacing aluminum by boron, more alkaline K2 S present in the residue was converted into the neutral K2 SO4 . FESEM with EDX confirm the presence of the elements like Al, B, K, S, O, etc., and the size of the particles formed after combustion is about 400 nm. The gradual replacement of aluminum by boron is substantiated from the analysis of residue through ICP Spectrometer. Boron blended fireworks mixture on ignition produces excellent performances and the residues generated do not have any hazardous nature.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF FIREWORKS RESIDUE OBTAINED FROM THE FLASH POWDER CONTAINING ALUMINIUM AND BORON","authors":"A. AZHAGURAJAN, M. K. Marichelvam, L. PRAKASH","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we report the characteristics of residues obtained after igniting the flash powder mixture consisting of varying amounts of Aluminium (Al) and Boron (B) with other energetic materials like potassium nitrate (KNO3 ) and sulphur (S). The nature of particulate matter collected after combustion was characterized through FESEM-EDX, FTIR, STA (TGA/DSC) and ICP spectrometer. FTIR spectra analysis reveals about the presence of various metal oxides, K2 S and K2 SO4 . On replacing aluminum by boron, more alkaline K2 S present in the residue was converted into the neutral K2 SO4 . FESEM with EDX confirm the presence of the elements like Al, B, K, S, O, etc., and the size of the particles formed after combustion is about 400 nm. The gradual replacement of aluminum by boron is substantiated from the analysis of residue through ICP Spectrometer. Boron blended fireworks mixture on ignition produces excellent performances and the residues generated do not have any hazardous nature.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.011
S. Vyas, Neha Godha, R. Ameta, S. Ameta
The noble-metal Nanocatalyst are widely used, but ferrite-based magnetic catalyst are rarely used. The magnetic copper ferrite, CuFe2 O4 catalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal method and used to reduce 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in presence of sodium borohydride. The copper ferrite was analysed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The reduction of 2,4,6- trinitrophenol was observed in presence of copper ferrite as catalyst and sodium borohydride as the reductant. The conversion of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol to 2, 4, 6-triaminophenol was monitored by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The effect of various parameters such as pH, concentration of nitro compound, and amount of catalyst were studied. The reaction was completed in 8 min in the presence of copper ferrite. It was interesting to note that copper ferrite exhibited higher rate of reduction in present of zinc and nickel ferrites, may due to synergetic effect otherwise they show very slow reduction.
{"title":"USE OF SOME METAL FERRITES IN THE REDUCTION OF 2,4,6- TRINITROPHENOL","authors":"S. Vyas, Neha Godha, R. Ameta, S. Ameta","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.011","url":null,"abstract":"The noble-metal Nanocatalyst are widely used, but ferrite-based magnetic catalyst are rarely used. The magnetic copper ferrite, CuFe2 O4 catalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal method and used to reduce 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in presence of sodium borohydride. The copper ferrite was analysed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The reduction of 2,4,6- trinitrophenol was observed in presence of copper ferrite as catalyst and sodium borohydride as the reductant. The conversion of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol to 2, 4, 6-triaminophenol was monitored by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The effect of various parameters such as pH, concentration of nitro compound, and amount of catalyst were studied. The reaction was completed in 8 min in the presence of copper ferrite. It was interesting to note that copper ferrite exhibited higher rate of reduction in present of zinc and nickel ferrites, may due to synergetic effect otherwise they show very slow reduction.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.011
Sneha Paliwal, Neetu Shorgar
Water is one of the most important natural resource for human. Water pollution is one of the major problems faced by the humans. Several methods for waste water treatment have been suggested in the last few decades. These methods are based on chemical, physical and biological processes. In this paper, the Photocatalytic degradation of cationic dye Azure A observed in aqueous solutions containing strontium chromate – zinc oxide nanocomposites as Photocatalytic material. The effect of various parameters such as pH of solution, concentration of dye, amount of photocatalyst and intensity of light on rate of degradation of Azure A dye has been studied. Synthesized nanomaterials were investigated by using XRD and EDX techniques. The reaction takes place more effectively at pH 8.5 and it plays very important role in the characteristic of textile wastewater and generation of hydroxyl radicals. A tentative mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of Azure A dye has been proposed.
{"title":"REMOVAL OF AZURE A DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY USING STRONTIUM CHROMATE – ZINC OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITE","authors":"Sneha Paliwal, Neetu Shorgar","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.011","url":null,"abstract":"Water is one of the most important natural resource for human. Water pollution is one of the major problems faced by the humans. Several methods for waste water treatment have been suggested in the last few decades. These methods are based on chemical, physical and biological processes. In this paper, the Photocatalytic degradation of cationic dye Azure A observed in aqueous solutions containing strontium chromate – zinc oxide nanocomposites as Photocatalytic material. The effect of various parameters such as pH of solution, concentration of dye, amount of photocatalyst and intensity of light on rate of degradation of Azure A dye has been studied. Synthesized nanomaterials were investigated by using XRD and EDX techniques. The reaction takes place more effectively at pH 8.5 and it plays very important role in the characteristic of textile wastewater and generation of hydroxyl radicals. A tentative mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of Azure A dye has been proposed.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.016
Yagnesh A. VYAS, Neetu Shorgar, M. Mehta
Azure B dye was photo catalytically broken down in the presence of a nickel vanadate and tio2 combination. It has been examined how several characteristics, including pH, composite concentration, Azure A concentration, and light potency, affect the rate of decomposition. Superoxide anion radical, an active reducing species, has been suggested as a potential mechanism for the breakdown of Azure B.
{"title":"INTERACTION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND NICKEL VANADATE ON AZURE B DYE WITH PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION","authors":"Yagnesh A. VYAS, Neetu Shorgar, M. Mehta","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.016","url":null,"abstract":"Azure B dye was photo catalytically broken down in the presence of a nickel vanadate and tio2 combination. It has been examined how several characteristics, including pH, composite concentration, Azure A concentration, and light potency, affect the rate of decomposition. Superoxide anion radical, an active reducing species, has been suggested as a potential mechanism for the breakdown of Azure B.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.005
Laky Timon WANI KUNDU, Ajay Kumar, G. Bartariya, Pragati Saini, M. Chauhan, Diwakar Chauhan, Rajendra Singh
Physico-chemical and Microbiological Studies on the Quality of Drinking Water in Different Areas of Gautam Buddha Nagar (U.P) India “, which includes tests for Turbidity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, acidity, alkalinity, chlorides...etc., and biological tests is one of the most important work in an integrated industrial complex in the state of Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P., where a number of electronic industries, chemicals, textile industry, distillery units, and large number of small and medium industries are situated. A water quality standard is a legal requirement that specifies the uses of a body of water or water segment as well as the water quality requirements required to protect those uses. This present work tests the average temperature, pH concentration, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, alkalinity, and chloride, among other things. The results from the metrics used to determine water quality are practically within the acceptable range of the drinking water standard. (IS:10500) except from a few places.
《印度高塔姆佛纳加尔不同地区饮用水质量的物理化学和微生物学研究》，其中包括浊度、pH值、电导率、总溶解固体、总硬度、酸度、碱度、氯化物等测试。在Gautam Buddha Nagar up邦的一个综合工业综合体中，生物测试是最重要的工作之一，这里有许多电子工业、化学工业、纺织工业、酿酒厂和大量的中小型工业。水质标准是一项法律要求，规定了水体或水段的用途，以及保护这些用途所需的水质要求。本工作测试平均温度、pH浓度、浊度、总溶解固体(TDS)、总硬度、碱度和氯化物等。水质测定指标的结果基本在饮用水标准的可接受范围内。(IS:10500)除了少数地方。
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF GAUTAM BUDH NAGAR, (U.P) INDIA","authors":"Laky Timon WANI KUNDU, Ajay Kumar, G. Bartariya, Pragati Saini, M. Chauhan, Diwakar Chauhan, Rajendra Singh","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Physico-chemical and Microbiological Studies on the Quality of Drinking Water in Different Areas of Gautam Buddha Nagar (U.P) India “, which includes tests for Turbidity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, acidity, alkalinity, chlorides...etc., and biological tests is one of the most important work in an integrated industrial complex in the state of Gautam Buddha Nagar U.P., where a number of electronic industries, chemicals, textile industry, distillery units, and large number of small and medium industries are situated. A water quality standard is a legal requirement that specifies the uses of a body of water or water segment as well as the water quality requirements required to protect those uses. This present work tests the average temperature, pH concentration, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, alkalinity, and chloride, among other things. The results from the metrics used to determine water quality are practically within the acceptable range of the drinking water standard. (IS:10500) except from a few places.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.012
Hemasankari Palani, P. Kaladharan, V. Kripa, R. N. Kumar, A. Gopalakrishnan
Mercury and arsenic are the toxic heavy metals found in water, sediment and in different species of fish tissue, Rastrelliger kanagurta(Indian Mackerel), Nemipterus spp., (threadfin beam), Parapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp), Perna sp. (bivalve), Sepia sp.(Cephalopod-cuttlefish) and Loligo sp.(Cephalopod–squid) of the Chennai, Ennore estuary. The water, sediment and fish tissues were analysed for mercury and arsenic using standard procedure in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The maximum mercury concentration in water is 0.02ppb±0.01, in sediment is 0.30 ppb±0.01 and in different fish tissue species in Rastrelliger Kanagurta, 0.25ppb±0.06, Nemipterus spp., 0.54ppb±0.06, Parapenaeopsis Maxilli - pedo 0.58ppb±0.06, Metapenaeus dobsoni, 0.34 ppb±0.06, Perna sp., 0.61ppb±0.06 and Sepia sp. 0.72ppb±0.06 and Loligo sp.,Cephalopod-squid, 0.38 ppb±0.06 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest mercury content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indian Mackerel), 0.35ppb±0.11 followed by Metapenaeus dobsoni,0.68ppb±0.11, Sepia spp., 0.76ppb±0.11, Loligo sp. (Cephalopod squid), 0.78 ppb±0.11 and Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 1.29ppb±0.11 during second quarter. The percentage increase in mercury during first quarter is 64.67% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury during second quarter is 55.99% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury content in µg/g (ppb) was 80.27% from lowest to highest. The metal concentration in tissues µg/g (ppb) ranged between 0.26-1.29µg/g (ppb) in mercury. Among the fish species selected for study for arsenic during JanMar’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger Kanagurta (Indian Mack erel), 3.85ppb±8.22 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 6.10ppb±8.22, Loligo sp., 26.09ppb±8.22, Metapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), 34.72 ppb±8.22, Parapenaeopsis Maxi - millipedo (shrimp), 43.84ppb±8.22, Sepia spp., 52.09ppb±8.22 and Perna sp. (bivalve) 60.13 ppb±8.22 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indrai Mackerel), 4.35ppb±7.88 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 13.12ppb±7.88, Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp) 14.92 ppb± 7.88, Sepia sp., (Cephalopod cuttlefish), 18.74ppb±7.88 and Loligo sp. (Cephalopod –squid) 45.09 ppb±7.88 in the second quarter. The percentage increase in arsenic during first quarter is 93.58%. The percentage increase in arsenic during second quarter is 90.34%. The percentage increase in arsenic content value in µg/g(ppb) was 93.58%. The metal concentration in tissues, µg/g (ppb) ranged between 3.85-60.13µg/g(ppb). The lowest mercury in tissue was found in the species Rastrelliger Kanagurta was 0.25µg/g (ppb)±0.06 and in arsenic it was 3.85µg/g, (ppb) ±8.22 the highest mercury in tissue was found in the Nemipterus sp., 1.29µg/g(ppb)±0.11, the highest arsenic was
{"title":"HEAVY METALS IN WATER, SEDIMENT AND IN SOME SELECTED FISH SPECIES OF THE ENNORE AND CHENNAI FISHERIES HARBOUR, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU","authors":"Hemasankari Palani, P. Kaladharan, V. Kripa, R. N. Kumar, A. Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Mercury and arsenic are the toxic heavy metals found in water, sediment and in different species of fish tissue, Rastrelliger kanagurta(Indian Mackerel), Nemipterus spp., (threadfin beam), Parapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp), Perna sp. (bivalve), Sepia sp.(Cephalopod-cuttlefish) and Loligo sp.(Cephalopod–squid) of the Chennai, Ennore estuary. The water, sediment and fish tissues were analysed for mercury and arsenic using standard procedure in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The maximum mercury concentration in water is 0.02ppb±0.01, in sediment is 0.30 ppb±0.01 and in different fish tissue species in Rastrelliger Kanagurta, 0.25ppb±0.06, Nemipterus spp., 0.54ppb±0.06, Parapenaeopsis Maxilli - pedo 0.58ppb±0.06, Metapenaeus dobsoni, 0.34 ppb±0.06, Perna sp., 0.61ppb±0.06 and Sepia sp. 0.72ppb±0.06 and Loligo sp.,Cephalopod-squid, 0.38 ppb±0.06 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest mercury content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indian Mackerel), 0.35ppb±0.11 followed by Metapenaeus dobsoni,0.68ppb±0.11, Sepia spp., 0.76ppb±0.11, Loligo sp. (Cephalopod squid), 0.78 ppb±0.11 and Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 1.29ppb±0.11 during second quarter. The percentage increase in mercury during first quarter is 64.67% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury during second quarter is 55.99% from lowest to highest. The percentage increase in mercury content in µg/g (ppb) was 80.27% from lowest to highest. The metal concentration in tissues µg/g (ppb) ranged between 0.26-1.29µg/g (ppb) in mercury. Among the fish species selected for study for arsenic during JanMar’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger Kanagurta (Indian Mack erel), 3.85ppb±8.22 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 6.10ppb±8.22, Loligo sp., 26.09ppb±8.22, Metapenaeopsis Maxillipedo (shrimp), 34.72 ppb±8.22, Parapenaeopsis Maxi - millipedo (shrimp), 43.84ppb±8.22, Sepia spp., 52.09ppb±8.22 and Perna sp. (bivalve) 60.13 ppb±8.22 in the first quarter. Among the fish species selected for the study during Apr-June’09, the lowest arsenic content is in Rastrelliger kanagurta (Indrai Mackerel), 4.35ppb±7.88 followed by Nemipterus spp. (threadfin bream), 13.12ppb±7.88, Metapenaeus dobsoni (shrimp) 14.92 ppb± 7.88, Sepia sp., (Cephalopod cuttlefish), 18.74ppb±7.88 and Loligo sp. (Cephalopod –squid) 45.09 ppb±7.88 in the second quarter. The percentage increase in arsenic during first quarter is 93.58%. The percentage increase in arsenic during second quarter is 90.34%. The percentage increase in arsenic content value in µg/g(ppb) was 93.58%. The metal concentration in tissues, µg/g (ppb) ranged between 3.85-60.13µg/g(ppb). The lowest mercury in tissue was found in the species Rastrelliger Kanagurta was 0.25µg/g (ppb)±0.06 and in arsenic it was 3.85µg/g, (ppb) ±8.22 the highest mercury in tissue was found in the Nemipterus sp., 1.29µg/g(ppb)±0.11, the highest arsenic was ","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.009
Ajay Kumar, M. John, K.RAJAN, A. ANIMESH
Swiftly developing industrialization, growing population, environmental threat, energy demands, have directed research towards alternative fuels. This experimental investigation aims to determine the temperature distributions by coating on piston crown to analyze the effect of higher blends (B30 & B40) of Cashew nut shell oil (CNSO) diesel blends and studied the combustion behavior. The thickness of the coating layer on the piston crown of the test engine are 500 ìm. Prior to coating, the surface of the crown area was grinded upto 500 μm so that the compression ratio of the existing engine continue to be the same. Then the mentioned parts were coated with 150 μm NiCrAl as a bond coat and thereafter same parts were coated with 85% of ZrO2 and 15% Magnesium of 350 μm by plasma spray method. In this experimental work, single-cylinder 4- stroke compression ignition engine are used. The influence of coating thickness and distribution of temperature was investigated using the finite element method. Effect of combustion analysis, performance and emissions parameter are evaluated on the coated piston and compared with the uncoated piston. It was observed that BTE improved and CO, HC and smoke emission reduced significantly at maximum load, with increased NOX emissions.
{"title":"EFFECT OF HIGHER BLENDS OF CASHEW NUT SHELL OIL WITH DIESEL FUEL BY THERMAL BARRIER COATED PISTON IN A DIESEL ENGINE","authors":"Ajay Kumar, M. John, K.RAJAN, A. ANIMESH","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i01.009","url":null,"abstract":"Swiftly developing industrialization, growing population, environmental threat, energy demands, have directed research towards alternative fuels. This experimental investigation aims to determine the temperature distributions by coating on piston crown to analyze the effect of higher blends (B30 & B40) of Cashew nut shell oil (CNSO) diesel blends and studied the combustion behavior. The thickness of the coating layer on the piston crown of the test engine are 500 ìm. Prior to coating, the surface of the crown area was grinded upto 500 μm so that the compression ratio of the existing engine continue to be the same. Then the mentioned parts were coated with 150 μm NiCrAl as a bond coat and thereafter same parts were coated with 85% of ZrO2 and 15% Magnesium of 350 μm by plasma spray method. In this experimental work, single-cylinder 4- stroke compression ignition engine are used. The influence of coating thickness and distribution of temperature was investigated using the finite element method. Effect of combustion analysis, performance and emissions parameter are evaluated on the coated piston and compared with the uncoated piston. It was observed that BTE improved and CO, HC and smoke emission reduced significantly at maximum load, with increased NOX emissions.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.008
Nasir Siddiqi, Naseem Ahmad, Majeb Alotaibi
The purpose of this research was to use the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique to identify heavy metals in various vegetables. Six different fruits and vegetable samples, including lady finger, Cauliflower, cabbage, Guava, papaya, and Palak, are frequently seen in the nearby villages of Integral University. Heavy metals which were determined are Chromium (Cr), Iron (Fe) cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Results indicated that the variety of vegetables and fruits tested had limits of heavy metals in a limited range compared to standards, the permissible levels established by the FAO and WHO, and heavy metal levels were found to be within safe limits, which is an indication that the vegetables around the local market of the university are safe for consumption without any risk of environmental toxicants. However, some samples of guava have a quantity of heavy metals more than the permissible limit, which is unfit for consumption. Because heavy metals, are unbreakable and most of them are hazardous to living things when acceptable concentration limits are exceeded. Due to poor immune systems, the most vulnerable populations to heavy metal pollution are young children and elderly people.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF HEAVY METALS IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES GROWN NEARBY AREAS OF INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW INDIA","authors":"Nasir Siddiqi, Naseem Ahmad, Majeb Alotaibi","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.008","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to use the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique to identify heavy metals in various vegetables. Six different fruits and vegetable samples, including lady finger, Cauliflower, cabbage, Guava, papaya, and Palak, are frequently seen in the nearby villages of Integral University. Heavy metals which were determined are Chromium (Cr), Iron (Fe) cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Results indicated that the variety of vegetables and fruits tested had limits of heavy metals in a limited range compared to standards, the permissible levels established by the FAO and WHO, and heavy metal levels were found to be within safe limits, which is an indication that the vegetables around the local market of the university are safe for consumption without any risk of environmental toxicants. However, some samples of guava have a quantity of heavy metals more than the permissible limit, which is unfit for consumption. Because heavy metals, are unbreakable and most of them are hazardous to living things when acceptable concentration limits are exceeded. Due to poor immune systems, the most vulnerable populations to heavy metal pollution are young children and elderly people.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.017
Raheeba Tun Nisa, S. Kausar, F. A. Bhat, T. Rather, M. A. Bhat, K. R. Dar, Fehim Jeelani, Altaf AHMAD WANI, M. Bashir, R. Akbar, Mohmmad AASIF SHEIKH, N. Anjum, Ishfaq MAJEED SHAH, M. Shakeel
Trichoderma spp. is well-known for their biocontrol efficacy against a variety of plant diseases. A particular isolate of Trichoderma spp. has the capacity to limit the growth of Alternaria mali , which causes Alternaria leaf spot of apple. In this study, the interaction between T. atroviride and mycelia of Alternaria mali was studied (microscopy 40X). Trichoderma spp. was isolated from the phyllosphere of an apple tree. Primers (ITS 1 and ITS 4) identified this putative bioagent as Trichoderma atroviride isolate TV3. Sequence were submitted to the NCBI and assigned the accession number 0L694002. A severe mycoparasitism was noticed in the form of coiling and firmly attaching, with the occasional production of appressoria-like structures. The biocontrol agent multiplied abundantly, forming a dense mycelium with some appressorium like structures that penetrated the mycelium of pathogen.
{"title":"MICROSCOPIC INTERACTION BETWEEN TRICHODERMA ATROVIRIDE STRAIN TV3 AND PATHOGEN ALTERNARIA MALI","authors":"Raheeba Tun Nisa, S. Kausar, F. A. Bhat, T. Rather, M. A. Bhat, K. R. Dar, Fehim Jeelani, Altaf AHMAD WANI, M. Bashir, R. Akbar, Mohmmad AASIF SHEIKH, N. Anjum, Ishfaq MAJEED SHAH, M. Shakeel","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i02.017","url":null,"abstract":"Trichoderma spp. is well-known for their biocontrol efficacy against a variety of plant diseases. A particular isolate of Trichoderma spp. has the capacity to limit the growth of Alternaria mali , which causes Alternaria leaf spot of apple. In this study, the interaction between T. atroviride and mycelia of Alternaria mali was studied (microscopy 40X). Trichoderma spp. was isolated from the phyllosphere of an apple tree. Primers (ITS 1 and ITS 4) identified this putative bioagent as Trichoderma atroviride isolate TV3. Sequence were submitted to the NCBI and assigned the accession number 0L694002. A severe mycoparasitism was noticed in the form of coiling and firmly attaching, with the occasional production of appressoria-like structures. The biocontrol agent multiplied abundantly, forming a dense mycelium with some appressorium like structures that penetrated the mycelium of pathogen.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants purify the atmosphere by absorbing pollutants on their leaf surfaces. As a result, the accumulated pollutants have a negative impact on the leaves. It affects the plant’s air pollution tolerance index (APTI), leaf extract pH (pH), relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll content (TC), and ascorbic acid content (AA). These negative repercussions serve as indications of the pollution levels in the area. The current study assesses air pollution by measuring biochemical properties of trees as indicators (bioindicators), which are then used to estimate seasonal variations in air quality in that location. Several bio-chemical leaf parameters such as pH, relative water content, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid were measured in seven different plants placed near brick kilns throughout the winter, summer, and post-monsoon seasons. Study carried out near brick kilns of Bundia village, Brajrajnagar Tehsil, Jharsuguda, Odisha. Plants selected for analysis are Azadirachta indica, Buchanania lanzan, Butea monosperma, Calotropis gigantea, Holarrhena pubescens, Lantana Camara and Ziziphus jujuba. Their air pollution tolerance index values (APTI) were calculated and considered as a measure of air pollution levels of that area. The pollution level around brick kiln locations was found to be higher during the summer and winter seasons as compared to that of the post-monsoon season. This may be due to precipitation effect of rain. In different studies SPM, SO 2 and NO 2 levels were found to be less as compared to winter and summer. The overall amount of air pollution was found to be higher during the winter season than during the summer season.
{"title":"BRICK KILN INDUCED AIR POLLUTION: ASSESSMENT THROUGH APTI OF PLANT SPECIES","authors":"BINITA SAHU, None A. MAHAPATRA, None P.K. KAR, None D.K. SAHU, BIBHUDATTA PRADHAN","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v42i03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v42i03.011","url":null,"abstract":"Plants purify the atmosphere by absorbing pollutants on their leaf surfaces. As a result, the accumulated pollutants have a negative impact on the leaves. It affects the plant’s air pollution tolerance index (APTI), leaf extract pH (pH), relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll content (TC), and ascorbic acid content (AA). These negative repercussions serve as indications of the pollution levels in the area. The current study assesses air pollution by measuring biochemical properties of trees as indicators (bioindicators), which are then used to estimate seasonal variations in air quality in that location. Several bio-chemical leaf parameters such as pH, relative water content, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid were measured in seven different plants placed near brick kilns throughout the winter, summer, and post-monsoon seasons. Study carried out near brick kilns of Bundia village, Brajrajnagar Tehsil, Jharsuguda, Odisha. Plants selected for analysis are Azadirachta indica, Buchanania lanzan, Butea monosperma, Calotropis gigantea, Holarrhena pubescens, Lantana Camara and Ziziphus jujuba. Their air pollution tolerance index values (APTI) were calculated and considered as a measure of air pollution levels of that area. The pollution level around brick kiln locations was found to be higher during the summer and winter seasons as compared to that of the post-monsoon season. This may be due to precipitation effect of rain. In different studies SPM, SO 2 and NO 2 levels were found to be less as compared to winter and summer. The overall amount of air pollution was found to be higher during the winter season than during the summer season.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：