Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.029
K. Keerthana, R. Swamy, P. Srilatha
In the present study the experiment was conducted in the Department of Food Process TechnologyLab and Department of Food Safety and Quality Assurance Lab to synthesize bio plastic fromselected fruit peels (Banana and Orange peels) in different concentrations by the addition ofdifferent essential oils namely lime oil and clove oil which acts as a preservative and aroma agentwhich serves as potential alternative to the conventional plastic material. In the experimentbioplastic is made from banana and orange peels in different concentrations i.e., banana peels (100g), orange peel (100 g) and combination of banana (50 g) and orange peel (50 g). The Bioplastic made from orange peel was observed with some gaps as starch content in orange peel is less whencompared to banana peel. Bioplastic made from the combination of both peels in the concentrationof banana peel (50 g) and orange peel (50 g) was little bit stiff with some gaps and when tried withthe concentration of banana peel (70 g) and orange peel (30 g) bioplastic was obtained. Thesynthesized bioplastic was subjected to mould test, swelling test, solubility test, Biodegradable testand elongation test. On experiment the mould test revealed that it can be moulded into differentshapes like conventional plastic. Swelling test showed that there is a slight increase in weight ofthe bioplastic when soaked in water as a medium and this is a desirable result because most of theadditives are prepared by using organic solvents, certainly it will help in stabilize productsynthesis and development. From the solubility test it was revealed that none of the samples weresoluble in different mediums which shows that the bioplastic material prepared is stable.Biodegradability test showed that the obtained bioplastic is degradable within 15 days. Thebioplastic made with the combination of banana and orange peels showed more percentage ofelongation i.e., 20.4% where as the bioplastic made from banana peel showed 10% and from orangepeel showed 3% which indicates that the bioplastic synthesized from combination of fruit peelshas more strength compared to individual peels.
{"title":"BIOPLASTIC FROM FRUIT PEELS - WASTE TO WEALTH","authors":"K. Keerthana, R. Swamy, P. Srilatha","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.029","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study the experiment was conducted in the Department of Food Process TechnologyLab and Department of Food Safety and Quality Assurance Lab to synthesize bio plastic fromselected fruit peels (Banana and Orange peels) in different concentrations by the addition ofdifferent essential oils namely lime oil and clove oil which acts as a preservative and aroma agentwhich serves as potential alternative to the conventional plastic material. In the experimentbioplastic is made from banana and orange peels in different concentrations i.e., banana peels (100g), orange peel (100 g) and combination of banana (50 g) and orange peel (50 g). The Bioplastic made from orange peel was observed with some gaps as starch content in orange peel is less whencompared to banana peel. Bioplastic made from the combination of both peels in the concentrationof banana peel (50 g) and orange peel (50 g) was little bit stiff with some gaps and when tried withthe concentration of banana peel (70 g) and orange peel (30 g) bioplastic was obtained. Thesynthesized bioplastic was subjected to mould test, swelling test, solubility test, Biodegradable testand elongation test. On experiment the mould test revealed that it can be moulded into differentshapes like conventional plastic. Swelling test showed that there is a slight increase in weight ofthe bioplastic when soaked in water as a medium and this is a desirable result because most of theadditives are prepared by using organic solvents, certainly it will help in stabilize productsynthesis and development. From the solubility test it was revealed that none of the samples weresoluble in different mediums which shows that the bioplastic material prepared is stable.Biodegradability test showed that the obtained bioplastic is degradable within 15 days. Thebioplastic made with the combination of banana and orange peels showed more percentage ofelongation i.e., 20.4% where as the bioplastic made from banana peel showed 10% and from orangepeel showed 3% which indicates that the bioplastic synthesized from combination of fruit peelshas more strength compared to individual peels.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47638273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.022
V. Laxmi, Supriya Singh, J. Hussain, I. Husain, V. Vadiya
Human health is affected by fluoride deficit or excess in the environment. Fluorosis is a diseasethat affects about 200 million individuals in 25 nations throughout the world. Fluorosis is endemicin 17 Indian states, which is surprising. The purpose of this study was to determine the fluoridecontent in groundwater in various villages in Haryanaâs Gurugram district, where groundwater isthe primary source of drinking water. A total of 186 groundwater samples were collected usinghand pumps and examined for fluoride levels. Fluoride levels in four tehsils range from 0.08 mg/l (village Haiderpur, Grurgram Tehsil) to 10.5 mg/l (Village Haiderpur, Grurgram Tehsil). Accordingto the study, fluoride concentrations in 106 villages/towns (65.84 percent) are below 1.0 mg/l, themaximum desirable limit of drinking water standards recommended by the Bureau of IndianStandards (IS: 10500, 2012), and fluoride concentrations in 12 villages/towns are above 1.0 mg/l butbelow or equal to 1.5 mg/l. Fluoride levels in 41 villages/towns were found to be above thepermitted limit, rendering them unsafe for drinking. Fluoride in groundwater is thought to becaused by the presence of fluoride-bearing minerals in the host rock, their chemical features suchas breakdown, dissociation, and dissolution, and their interaction with water. Dilution byblending, artificial recharge, effective irrigation methods, and well construction are some of thesuggested remedial measures to mitigate fluoride pollution in groundwater.
{"title":"FLUORIDE OCCURRENCE IN GROUND WATER OF GURUGRAM DISTRICT, HARYANA","authors":"V. Laxmi, Supriya Singh, J. Hussain, I. Husain, V. Vadiya","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.022","url":null,"abstract":"Human health is affected by fluoride deficit or excess in the environment. Fluorosis is a diseasethat affects about 200 million individuals in 25 nations throughout the world. Fluorosis is endemicin 17 Indian states, which is surprising. The purpose of this study was to determine the fluoridecontent in groundwater in various villages in Haryanaâs Gurugram district, where groundwater isthe primary source of drinking water. A total of 186 groundwater samples were collected usinghand pumps and examined for fluoride levels. Fluoride levels in four tehsils range from 0.08 mg/l (village Haiderpur, Grurgram Tehsil) to 10.5 mg/l (Village Haiderpur, Grurgram Tehsil). Accordingto the study, fluoride concentrations in 106 villages/towns (65.84 percent) are below 1.0 mg/l, themaximum desirable limit of drinking water standards recommended by the Bureau of IndianStandards (IS: 10500, 2012), and fluoride concentrations in 12 villages/towns are above 1.0 mg/l butbelow or equal to 1.5 mg/l. Fluoride levels in 41 villages/towns were found to be above thepermitted limit, rendering them unsafe for drinking. Fluoride in groundwater is thought to becaused by the presence of fluoride-bearing minerals in the host rock, their chemical features suchas breakdown, dissociation, and dissolution, and their interaction with water. Dilution byblending, artificial recharge, effective irrigation methods, and well construction are some of thesuggested remedial measures to mitigate fluoride pollution in groundwater.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48617415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2023.v41i03.031
Lipi Rina, J. Dawson, Liyir Rina, M. Kumar, M. Meshram
A field experiment was conducted during 2019â20 and 2020-21 at Crop Research Farm at SamHigginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.Sixteen treatments, comprising biofertilizer viz., Azotobacter (B1) Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria+ Azotobacter (B2), Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter (B3) and PhosphateSolubilizing Bacteria + Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter (B4), growth regulators viz.,Water Spray(G0), Gibberellic acid 50 ppm (0.05 g/l) (G1), Salicyclic acid 100 ppm (0.01 g/l) (G2) andIndole acetic acid 50 ppm (0.05 g/l) (G3) and were replicated 3 times in split plot design. Growthattributes viz., leaf area (269.172 and 266.250 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and (267.213 and 266.496 atharvest during 2020-21) and Leaf Area Index (LAI)(0.897 and 0.888 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and(0.891 and 0.888 at harvest during 2020-21) under the treatment (B4) Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria+ Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter, respectively. Crop yield viz., seed yield (1.943and 2.034 t/ha) and stover yield (6.747 and 6.964) significantly higher were recorded during theyears 2019-20 and 2020-21 in treatment combination B4 (PSB + VAM +Azotobacter), respectively.Growth regulators recorded the higher seed yield (1.842 and 1.978 t/ha) and stover yield (6.768 and6.954 t/ha) during the years 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively in the treatment G1 [Gibberellic acid50 ppm (0.05 g/l)]. Growth attributes viz., leaf area (257.589 and 256.500 at 80 DAS during 2019-20)and (258.991 and 256.922 at harvest during 2020-21) and LAI (0.859 and 0.855 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and (0.863 and 0.856 at harvest during 2020-21) under the treatment G1 [Gibberellic acid 50 ppm(0.05 g/l)], respectively.
{"title":"GROWTH ATTRIBUTES, YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES AFFECTED BY ORGANIC BIOFERTILIZERS AND DIFFERENT GROWTH REGULATORS OF INDIAN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.) FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE","authors":"Lipi Rina, J. Dawson, Liyir Rina, M. Kumar, M. Meshram","doi":"10.53550/pr.2023.v41i03.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2023.v41i03.031","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during 2019â20 and 2020-21 at Crop Research Farm at SamHigginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.Sixteen treatments, comprising biofertilizer viz., Azotobacter (B1) Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria+ Azotobacter (B2), Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter (B3) and PhosphateSolubilizing Bacteria + Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter (B4), growth regulators viz.,Water Spray(G0), Gibberellic acid 50 ppm (0.05 g/l) (G1), Salicyclic acid 100 ppm (0.01 g/l) (G2) andIndole acetic acid 50 ppm (0.05 g/l) (G3) and were replicated 3 times in split plot design. Growthattributes viz., leaf area (269.172 and 266.250 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and (267.213 and 266.496 atharvest during 2020-21) and Leaf Area Index (LAI)(0.897 and 0.888 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and(0.891 and 0.888 at harvest during 2020-21) under the treatment (B4) Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria+ Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter, respectively. Crop yield viz., seed yield (1.943and 2.034 t/ha) and stover yield (6.747 and 6.964) significantly higher were recorded during theyears 2019-20 and 2020-21 in treatment combination B4 (PSB + VAM +Azotobacter), respectively.Growth regulators recorded the higher seed yield (1.842 and 1.978 t/ha) and stover yield (6.768 and6.954 t/ha) during the years 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively in the treatment G1 [Gibberellic acid50 ppm (0.05 g/l)]. Growth attributes viz., leaf area (257.589 and 256.500 at 80 DAS during 2019-20)and (258.991 and 256.922 at harvest during 2020-21) and LAI (0.859 and 0.855 at 80 DAS during 2019-20) and (0.863 and 0.856 at harvest during 2020-21) under the treatment G1 [Gibberellic acid 50 ppm(0.05 g/l)], respectively.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44193048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.038
A. Y. Mundhe, S. Pandit
We evaluated glyphosate (GLP) toxicity on Lamellidens marginalis by using oxidative andgenotoxic stress markers. The study provides evidence of oxidative stress and altered activities ofantioxidative enzymes in bivalve (gill, foot, mantle, muscle, and hepatopancreas) upon exposureto an environmentally relevant concentration of glyphosate organophosphate pesticide (1 mg l-1).The GLP exposure periods were 7 (T1) and 14 (T2) days, followed by a recovery period of 4 days(R1 & R2) respectively. GLP exposure showed a positive correlation between oxidative stress andduration of exposure. A catalase induction trend was observed in both the treated groups.Induction or inhibition of Super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were tissue-specificafter GLP exposure. The technical grade GLP has genotoxic potential, studied with the help ofcomet assay on gill tissues. Longer duration of exposure has significantly increased cometparameters such as tail length, tail DNA percentage as well as olive tail movement as compared tocontrol bivalve. However, bivalves recovered significantly after the four days of the recoveryperiod. The results suggested oxidative stress and genotoxic potential of GLP, evidenced by alteredactivities of antioxidative enzymes and induction of comet parameters. Even though, the animalsexperienced the stress of GLP exposure, however, recovery potential of bivalves was noteworthyafter the removal of the stress.
采用氧化应激和基因毒性应激标记评价草甘膦(GLP)对边缘薄叶草的毒性。该研究提供了双壳类动物(鳃、足、套膜、肌肉和肝胰腺)暴露于环境相关浓度的草甘膦有机磷农药(1mg -1)时的氧化应激和抗氧化酶活性改变的证据。GLP暴露期分别为7 (T1)和14 (T2) d，恢复期分别为4 d (R1和R2)。GLP暴露与氧化应激与暴露时间呈正相关。两组均有过氧化氢酶诱导的趋势。GLP暴露后对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的诱导或抑制具有组织特异性。用彗星试验对鳃组织进行了研究，发现技术级GLP具有遗传毒性。与对照双壳贝相比，较长的暴露时间显著增加了彗星参数，如尾巴长度、尾巴DNA百分比以及橄榄尾运动。然而，双壳类动物在4天的恢复期后恢复明显。结果表明，抗氧化酶活性的改变和彗星参数的诱导证明了GLP的氧化应激和遗传毒性潜力。尽管动物经历了GLP暴露的应激，但是，在消除应激后，双壳类动物的恢复潜力是值得注意的。
{"title":"EVALUATION OF STRESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RELEVANT CONCENTRATION OF GLYPHOSATE PESTICIDE ON LAMELLIDENS MARGINALIS","authors":"A. Y. Mundhe, S. Pandit","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.038","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated glyphosate (GLP) toxicity on Lamellidens marginalis by using oxidative andgenotoxic stress markers. The study provides evidence of oxidative stress and altered activities ofantioxidative enzymes in bivalve (gill, foot, mantle, muscle, and hepatopancreas) upon exposureto an environmentally relevant concentration of glyphosate organophosphate pesticide (1 mg l-1).The GLP exposure periods were 7 (T1) and 14 (T2) days, followed by a recovery period of 4 days(R1 & R2) respectively. GLP exposure showed a positive correlation between oxidative stress andduration of exposure. A catalase induction trend was observed in both the treated groups.Induction or inhibition of Super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were tissue-specificafter GLP exposure. The technical grade GLP has genotoxic potential, studied with the help ofcomet assay on gill tissues. Longer duration of exposure has significantly increased cometparameters such as tail length, tail DNA percentage as well as olive tail movement as compared tocontrol bivalve. However, bivalves recovered significantly after the four days of the recoveryperiod. The results suggested oxidative stress and genotoxic potential of GLP, evidenced by alteredactivities of antioxidative enzymes and induction of comet parameters. Even though, the animalsexperienced the stress of GLP exposure, however, recovery potential of bivalves was noteworthyafter the removal of the stress.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43800951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.011
A. Mahmud, M. Sufian, Md. Ahsan Ullah, Fariha Hossen, I. J. Esha
A new environmental threat has been imposed by smartphone-generated e-waste as almost 4Billion people around the globe are using it randomly. People use and discard worthlesssmartphones with no regard for environmental damage or long-term sustainability. The largevolume of electronic waste (e-waste) generated from Smartphones is becoming a major concern inBangladesh also. The garbage from mobile phones is very harmful because it contains heavymetals that are detrimental to the environment and human health. The Medical WasteManagement Rules of 2008 address waste management challenges in the medical sector, includingsmartphone-generated e-waste along with Bangladeshâs National Environmental Policy of 1992and Environment Conservation Act of 1995. These policies are not adequate to mitigate pollutionand regulate the waste disposal and management system. The paper, after careful examination of theenvironmental impacts and existing policies, has recommended measures for an effectiveregulatory framework for the management and disposal of smartphones generated electronic waste.
{"title":"SMARTPHONES GENERATED ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BANGLADESH: POLICY ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK","authors":"A. Mahmud, M. Sufian, Md. Ahsan Ullah, Fariha Hossen, I. J. Esha","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.011","url":null,"abstract":"A new environmental threat has been imposed by smartphone-generated e-waste as almost 4Billion people around the globe are using it randomly. People use and discard worthlesssmartphones with no regard for environmental damage or long-term sustainability. The largevolume of electronic waste (e-waste) generated from Smartphones is becoming a major concern inBangladesh also. The garbage from mobile phones is very harmful because it contains heavymetals that are detrimental to the environment and human health. The Medical WasteManagement Rules of 2008 address waste management challenges in the medical sector, includingsmartphone-generated e-waste along with Bangladeshâs National Environmental Policy of 1992and Environment Conservation Act of 1995. These policies are not adequate to mitigate pollutionand regulate the waste disposal and management system. The paper, after careful examination of theenvironmental impacts and existing policies, has recommended measures for an effectiveregulatory framework for the management and disposal of smartphones generated electronic waste.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41419832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.042
Rashmishree K.N., S. Shrihari, A. Thalla
Advanced oxidation is a process of removal of pollutants and leads to the combustion of organicand inorganic pollutants or chemical components in the environment especially in water sources.Even though there are different effective processes, many studies have indicated that advancedoxidation process (AOPs) is a more reliable and sustainable method. Therefore, this paper exploredthe efficacy in the treatment and degradation of micro-pollutants especially using greensynthesised iron nanoparticles. Micro-pollutants are mainly found in water bodies as a result of theanthropogenic activities, however, the chemical oxidation methods of AOPs have been found to beeffective. The use of green synthesised nanoparticles are sustainable and more efficient thantraditional AOPs. Therefore, based on the current findings the study has recommended the use ofhybrid green synthesised Iron (Fe) nanoparticles for future applications in mass degradations ofmicro-pollutants. Another important finding was that green synthesized nanoparticles degradepollutants that cannot be done by traditional methods of AOPs. Evidently, there is a need toconduct further research onhybrid green synthesised Iron (Fe) nanoparticles and AOPs towardsdegradations of micro-pollutants. Future scope of the current study has also been presented at theend of the study.
{"title":"REMOVAL OF MICRO-POLLUTANTS USING GREEN SYNTHESIZED NANO IRON PARTICLES BY THE ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS","authors":"Rashmishree K.N., S. Shrihari, A. Thalla","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.042","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced oxidation is a process of removal of pollutants and leads to the combustion of organicand inorganic pollutants or chemical components in the environment especially in water sources.Even though there are different effective processes, many studies have indicated that advancedoxidation process (AOPs) is a more reliable and sustainable method. Therefore, this paper exploredthe efficacy in the treatment and degradation of micro-pollutants especially using greensynthesised iron nanoparticles. Micro-pollutants are mainly found in water bodies as a result of theanthropogenic activities, however, the chemical oxidation methods of AOPs have been found to beeffective. The use of green synthesised nanoparticles are sustainable and more efficient thantraditional AOPs. Therefore, based on the current findings the study has recommended the use ofhybrid green synthesised Iron (Fe) nanoparticles for future applications in mass degradations ofmicro-pollutants. Another important finding was that green synthesized nanoparticles degradepollutants that cannot be done by traditional methods of AOPs. Evidently, there is a need toconduct further research onhybrid green synthesised Iron (Fe) nanoparticles and AOPs towardsdegradations of micro-pollutants. Future scope of the current study has also been presented at theend of the study.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48873378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.021
A. Al-Shamary
During the months of January to December 2019, the nutritional status of the waters of the Shattal-Arab estuary and Iraqi marine waters was investigated using the trophic state index (TSI) andan average assessment mesotrophic of the two above-mentioned environments using three factors:total phosphorous, water transparency and chlorophyll-a, were chosen three stations, The thirdstation had the highest value of the directory, 49.9 in February, and the third station had the lowestvalue, 17.8 in December. with transparency, was the Maximal value in April in the third stationreached 212 cm, as well as the minimum value, reached 13 cm in November my first station.
{"title":"ASSESSING OF TROPHIC STATUS FOR SHATT AL-ARAB ESTUARY AND IRAQI MARINE WATERS","authors":"A. Al-Shamary","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.021","url":null,"abstract":"During the months of January to December 2019, the nutritional status of the waters of the Shattal-Arab estuary and Iraqi marine waters was investigated using the trophic state index (TSI) andan average assessment mesotrophic of the two above-mentioned environments using three factors:total phosphorous, water transparency and chlorophyll-a, were chosen three stations, The thirdstation had the highest value of the directory, 49.9 in February, and the third station had the lowestvalue, 17.8 in December. with transparency, was the Maximal value in April in the third stationreached 212 cm, as well as the minimum value, reached 13 cm in November my first station.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45518967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.009
Zanist Q. Hama-Aziz
A sand or dust storm is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions,causing great damage to the economy, human health, and the environment. Sand and dust stormsoccur more frequently with higher intensity now in Iraq and Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) thanthey did in the past. This study proposes several pragmatic strategies to authorities in order toreduce the occurrence of sand and dust storms in KRI. The main cause of occurrence is associatedwith the decline in water resources in the region. Therefore, cooperation with neighboringcountries is likely to be the most effective strategy. Control of a sharp rise in population andgreenery expansion are other suggested mitigation strategies. Implementing these strategies bylocal and regional governments may reduce the occurrence of sand and dust storms to a certainextent. However, they cannot be eradicated as some of them originate from far countries andcontinents. Nevertheless, signs of climate change including sand storms are increasingly reported,we are, therefore, responsible to seek mitigation and adaptation strategies to the changes.
{"title":"STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE THE OCCURRENCE OF SAND AND DUST STORMS IN THE KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ","authors":"Zanist Q. Hama-Aziz","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.009","url":null,"abstract":"A sand or dust storm is a meteorological phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions,causing great damage to the economy, human health, and the environment. Sand and dust stormsoccur more frequently with higher intensity now in Iraq and Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) thanthey did in the past. This study proposes several pragmatic strategies to authorities in order toreduce the occurrence of sand and dust storms in KRI. The main cause of occurrence is associatedwith the decline in water resources in the region. Therefore, cooperation with neighboringcountries is likely to be the most effective strategy. Control of a sharp rise in population andgreenery expansion are other suggested mitigation strategies. Implementing these strategies bylocal and regional governments may reduce the occurrence of sand and dust storms to a certainextent. However, they cannot be eradicated as some of them originate from far countries andcontinents. Nevertheless, signs of climate change including sand storms are increasingly reported,we are, therefore, responsible to seek mitigation and adaptation strategies to the changes.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47933638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.023
V. Sethi, Y. K. Walia, V. Rana
The management of water resources is one of the essential factors as in the absence of water; lifeon the earth is not possible. The present study highlights the Heavy Metal contamination ofdifferent rivers of Baddi (H.P). The rising unplanned industrialization and their weak governancesystem adding toxic pollutants, therefore the rivers and riverine of Baddi area are degradinggradually. Heavy metals in riverine environment represent an abiding treat to human health. Theseheavy metals are not easily degradable in nature and accumulate in plants, animals and humanbodies leading to toxic effects. This study includes the six heavy metals namely Iron, Copper,Chromium, Lead, Zinc and Cadmium found in range of 0.19-2.3, 0.01-0.15, 0-0.09, 0.01-0.12, 0.01-0.12and 0-0.001 mg/l, respectively. The investigation of heavy metals can be done by using FlameAtomic Absorption Spectrometry (APHA). The overall mean concentration of heavy metals wasobserved in the following order Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pd > Cd. The enhanced concentration ofcertain metals in the riverine ecosystem may be attributed due to anthropogenic contribution fromindustrial activities of the area. So itâs important to design strategies to control mismanagement ofvaluable water resources.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN RIVERINE OF BADDI, HIMACHAL PRADESH","authors":"V. Sethi, Y. K. Walia, V. Rana","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.023","url":null,"abstract":"The management of water resources is one of the essential factors as in the absence of water; lifeon the earth is not possible. The present study highlights the Heavy Metal contamination ofdifferent rivers of Baddi (H.P). The rising unplanned industrialization and their weak governancesystem adding toxic pollutants, therefore the rivers and riverine of Baddi area are degradinggradually. Heavy metals in riverine environment represent an abiding treat to human health. Theseheavy metals are not easily degradable in nature and accumulate in plants, animals and humanbodies leading to toxic effects. This study includes the six heavy metals namely Iron, Copper,Chromium, Lead, Zinc and Cadmium found in range of 0.19-2.3, 0.01-0.15, 0-0.09, 0.01-0.12, 0.01-0.12and 0-0.001 mg/l, respectively. The investigation of heavy metals can be done by using FlameAtomic Absorption Spectrometry (APHA). The overall mean concentration of heavy metals wasobserved in the following order Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pd > Cd. The enhanced concentration ofcertain metals in the riverine ecosystem may be attributed due to anthropogenic contribution fromindustrial activities of the area. So itâs important to design strategies to control mismanagement ofvaluable water resources.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44815017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.007
M. Elamin, Mary Achol William, Hatim Rahamtalla, Ali Alshehri, F. Elamin
Solid waste is the organic and inorganic waste materials such as product packaging, furniture,clothing, bottles, kitchen refuse, paper, paint cans, batteries, etc. Management of solid waste; is theprocess of collection, treatment, and recycling of solid waste in a sustainable manner to avoid theadverse effect on the environment. In Sudan waste management is poor and solid wastes aredumped along roadsides and into open areas, endangering health and attracting vermin. Thisdescriptive cross-sectional community-based study with the aim to assess the practices of thehouseholds towards the management of house refuse was conducted in Al-Ozozab, Khartoum,2019. Four hundred households were selected by multi stage sampling techniques from thecommunity and data were collected by questionnaire and observation checklist. Most types (83.3%)of containers used for the waste store were plastic bags. All (100%) of the respondents cover the wastecontainer. Almost all the respondents wash their hands with water and soaps after cleaning. 50.7%of respondents hear about hazardous domestic waste from TV and (19.3%) from radio. More thanhalf (53.3%) of the housesâ level of cleanliness was very good. Factors such as age, marital status,education level, family size, and monthly income significantly influence waste managementpractice. It can be concluded that the household has good level of practice towards solid wastemanagement.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF HOUSEHOLDS‘ PRACTICES TOWARDS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT","authors":"M. Elamin, Mary Achol William, Hatim Rahamtalla, Ali Alshehri, F. Elamin","doi":"10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/pr.2022.v41i03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste is the organic and inorganic waste materials such as product packaging, furniture,clothing, bottles, kitchen refuse, paper, paint cans, batteries, etc. Management of solid waste; is theprocess of collection, treatment, and recycling of solid waste in a sustainable manner to avoid theadverse effect on the environment. In Sudan waste management is poor and solid wastes aredumped along roadsides and into open areas, endangering health and attracting vermin. Thisdescriptive cross-sectional community-based study with the aim to assess the practices of thehouseholds towards the management of house refuse was conducted in Al-Ozozab, Khartoum,2019. Four hundred households were selected by multi stage sampling techniques from thecommunity and data were collected by questionnaire and observation checklist. Most types (83.3%)of containers used for the waste store were plastic bags. All (100%) of the respondents cover the wastecontainer. Almost all the respondents wash their hands with water and soaps after cleaning. 50.7%of respondents hear about hazardous domestic waste from TV and (19.3%) from radio. More thanhalf (53.3%) of the housesâ level of cleanliness was very good. Factors such as age, marital status,education level, family size, and monthly income significantly influence waste managementpractice. It can be concluded that the household has good level of practice towards solid wastemanagement.","PeriodicalId":20370,"journal":{"name":"Pollution Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41961197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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