Pub Date : 1996-11-15DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647456
O. Escalona, L. Gavidia, G. Wright
Reliable detection and measurement of the P-wave duration and position in high resolution 12-lead ECG recordings, was automated by means of a computer procedure which involved noise reduction by means of signal averaging, and bi-directional filtering of the P-wave at 25 Hz and the QRS complex at 40 Hz Then, algorithms for P-onset, P-offset and QRS-onset detection, allowed the estimation of P-wave duration and PQ interval, This computer procedure was clinically tested with 52 volunteers. The results indicated that, although reliable P-wave detection was possible in at least three leads in ally case, the measurement technique was most robust with leads I, II and V/sub 4/.
{"title":"A robust procedure for P-wave detection and segmentation in high resolution 12-lead ECG","authors":"O. Escalona, L. Gavidia, G. Wright","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647456","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable detection and measurement of the P-wave duration and position in high resolution 12-lead ECG recordings, was automated by means of a computer procedure which involved noise reduction by means of signal averaging, and bi-directional filtering of the P-wave at 25 Hz and the QRS complex at 40 Hz Then, algorithms for P-onset, P-offset and QRS-onset detection, allowed the estimation of P-wave duration and PQ interval, This computer procedure was clinically tested with 52 volunteers. The results indicated that, although reliable P-wave detection was possible in at least three leads in ally case, the measurement technique was most robust with leads I, II and V/sub 4/.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"39 1","pages":"1365-1366 vol.4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83076090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.646474
B. Hok
Acoustic detection principles are potentially useful for monitoring of respiratory air flow. One passive sensor has been evaluated in three clinical investigations. Its sensitivity and specificity to apnea detection was found to be significantly higher than, e.g. pulse oximetry. The sensor is now being industrialized. Furthermore, a new principle for noncontacting detection of respiratory flow is demonstrated.
{"title":"Acoustic sensors for respiratory air flow-from basic principles to clinical evaluation and industrialization","authors":"B. Hok","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.646474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.646474","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic detection principles are potentially useful for monitoring of respiratory air flow. One passive sensor has been evaluated in three clinical investigations. Its sensitivity and specificity to apnea detection was found to be significantly higher than, e.g. pulse oximetry. The sensor is now being industrialized. Furthermore, a new principle for noncontacting detection of respiratory flow is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"237 1","pages":"2152-2153 vol.5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73837405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656939
Wenjin Zhang, C. Ahn
A new planar magnetic particle separator with opening flow channel which can separate magnetic beads from suspended bio-fluids has been realized on silicon and Pyrex glass wafers, using microfabrication techniques. Electromagnets and fluid channels are separately fabricated, and then two components are bonded together to construct the separator using electrostatic wafer bonding techniques. Separation tests are performed by flowing a suspension containing magnetic beads through the channel. Magnetic beads binding with protein or enzyme which are suspended in bio-liquid solutions have been successfully separated from the suspensions using the realized magnetic separator, while the separation process can be continuously monitored with optical beams. The planar magnetic particle separators microfabricated in this work have a high potential in biomedical or biological applications, especially in separating small amounts of cells, enzyme, protein, or DNA that are bound or marked on magnetic beads.
{"title":"A microfabricated planar magnetic particle separator with optically inspectable flow channel","authors":"Wenjin Zhang, C. Ahn","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656939","url":null,"abstract":"A new planar magnetic particle separator with opening flow channel which can separate magnetic beads from suspended bio-fluids has been realized on silicon and Pyrex glass wafers, using microfabrication techniques. Electromagnets and fluid channels are separately fabricated, and then two components are bonded together to construct the separator using electrostatic wafer bonding techniques. Separation tests are performed by flowing a suspension containing magnetic beads through the channel. Magnetic beads binding with protein or enzyme which are suspended in bio-liquid solutions have been successfully separated from the suspensions using the realized magnetic separator, while the separation process can be continuously monitored with optical beams. The planar magnetic particle separators microfabricated in this work have a high potential in biomedical or biological applications, especially in separating small amounts of cells, enzyme, protein, or DNA that are bound or marked on magnetic beads.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"46 1","pages":"252-253 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74092000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656857
Y. Yamada, H. Sugiyama, N. Kagiyama, M. Momiyama, Y. Kondou
A novel highly sensitive nonisotopic DNA labeling with Gibberellin (GA4) and a new fluorescent fast detection system have been developed. The DNA is labeled with GA4 linked to dUTP via an 8 atom linker spacer (GA4-[8]-dUTP) by a random-primed method. Following hybridization of a membrane-bound target DNA with a GA4-labeled probe, the hybrids are detected by the ELISA principle using anti-GA4 Fab fragments conjugated to alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The novel GA4 system allows the detection of 0.1 pg homologous DNA within several hours in dot- and Southern-blots on nylon membranes using a new fluorochrome, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic-acid-2'-phenyl-anilide phosphate (HNPP), as the substrate for ALP. The newly developed GA4 system and HNPP fluorescent detection method exhibits not only high sensitivity and low background, but the sensitivity of DNA detection is identical over a wide range of ratio of GA4-dUTP to dUTP in labeling reaction.
{"title":"Novel nonisotopic gibberellin DNA probe labeling and fluorescent detection system","authors":"Y. Yamada, H. Sugiyama, N. Kagiyama, M. Momiyama, Y. Kondou","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656857","url":null,"abstract":"A novel highly sensitive nonisotopic DNA labeling with Gibberellin (GA4) and a new fluorescent fast detection system have been developed. The DNA is labeled with GA4 linked to dUTP via an 8 atom linker spacer (GA4-[8]-dUTP) by a random-primed method. Following hybridization of a membrane-bound target DNA with a GA4-labeled probe, the hybrids are detected by the ELISA principle using anti-GA4 Fab fragments conjugated to alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The novel GA4 system allows the detection of 0.1 pg homologous DNA within several hours in dot- and Southern-blots on nylon membranes using a new fluorochrome, 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic-acid-2'-phenyl-anilide phosphate (HNPP), as the substrate for ALP. The newly developed GA4 system and HNPP fluorescent detection method exhibits not only high sensitivity and low background, but the sensitivity of DNA detection is identical over a wide range of ratio of GA4-dUTP to dUTP in labeling reaction.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"43 1","pages":"83-84 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74153453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656981
D. Edell, R. Riso, L. Devaney, B. Larsen, M. Koris, D. DeLorenzo
The functionality of prosthetic arms would be enhanced by incorporating cognitive feedback about tactile events, grasp force and hand position. This goal may best be met by interfacing directly with the peripheral nerves in the prosthesis user's residual limb. We are presently exploring a variety of interface designs based on arrays of fine wires. The efficacy of nerve fiber activation and the biocompatibility of the arrays are being studied by chronic implantation into the transected tibial nerve in the rabbit. A behavioral eye blink conditioning paradigm was implemented to assess the implant functionality over time. Our ultimate goal is to achieve stable activation of single tactile afferents. Results show that stable nerve activation with thresholds on the order of 2 nC/stimulus phase (100 /spl mu/s stimulus), can be achieved for a long period (at least 15 months has been verified in one animal that is still being observed). Using the eye blink test paradigm, it is not possible to verify if the behavioral threshold represents single fiber activation. However, in view of the low stimulus threshold, it is likely that only a few fibers are being activated.
{"title":"Intraneural microstimulation for enhanced prosthetic control using a peripheral nerve interface","authors":"D. Edell, R. Riso, L. Devaney, B. Larsen, M. Koris, D. DeLorenzo","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.656981","url":null,"abstract":"The functionality of prosthetic arms would be enhanced by incorporating cognitive feedback about tactile events, grasp force and hand position. This goal may best be met by interfacing directly with the peripheral nerves in the prosthesis user's residual limb. We are presently exploring a variety of interface designs based on arrays of fine wires. The efficacy of nerve fiber activation and the biocompatibility of the arrays are being studied by chronic implantation into the transected tibial nerve in the rabbit. A behavioral eye blink conditioning paradigm was implemented to assess the implant functionality over time. Our ultimate goal is to achieve stable activation of single tactile afferents. Results show that stable nerve activation with thresholds on the order of 2 nC/stimulus phase (100 /spl mu/s stimulus), can be achieved for a long period (at least 15 months has been verified in one animal that is still being observed). Using the eye blink test paradigm, it is not possible to verify if the behavioral threshold represents single fiber activation. However, in view of the low stimulus threshold, it is likely that only a few fibers are being activated.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"337-338 vol.1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75284844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651970
C. Towers, I. Freeston, R. C. Tozer
The use of induced current electrical impedance imaging to detect epileptic foci has been simulated. The simulation uses a three dimensional finite element model to determine the sensitivity required of the measuring system in order to detect an epileptic focus represented as a cube of side 10 mm with a 10% change of conductivity. It is shown that the system can image foci near the edge of the region, but is less successful near the centre.
{"title":"Imaging of the head using induced current impedance tomography","authors":"C. Towers, I. Freeston, R. C. Tozer","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651970","url":null,"abstract":"The use of induced current electrical impedance imaging to detect epileptic foci has been simulated. The simulation uses a three dimensional finite element model to determine the sensitivity required of the measuring system in order to detect an epileptic focus represented as a cube of side 10 mm with a 10% change of conductivity. It is shown that the system can image foci near the edge of the region, but is less successful near the centre.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"31 1","pages":"774-775 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74481022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652819
Qiuju Huang, F. Claydon
The objective of this study is to utilize a 3-D finite element bidomain model to examine the transmembrane potential of the heart that arises from an external electric field. The myocardium is modeled as a spherical shell with an anisotropy conductivity ratio of 9.2 in the intracellular space and 2.6 in the extracellular space. Fiber rotation from the epicardium to endocardium is also incorporated into the finite element model. The results from an applied uniform electric field external to the heart indicate that the transmembrane potential is sensitive to the orientation of the cardiac fibers to the external field. This result suggests that cardiac fiber orientation is an important feature when using models to simulate the heart's response to external applied fields.
{"title":"Transmembrane potential distribution in a spherical heart during field stimulation: a 3-D finite element bidomain model","authors":"Qiuju Huang, F. Claydon","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652819","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to utilize a 3-D finite element bidomain model to examine the transmembrane potential of the heart that arises from an external electric field. The myocardium is modeled as a spherical shell with an anisotropy conductivity ratio of 9.2 in the intracellular space and 2.6 in the extracellular space. Fiber rotation from the epicardium to endocardium is also incorporated into the finite element model. The results from an applied uniform electric field external to the heart indicate that the transmembrane potential is sensitive to the orientation of the cardiac fibers to the external field. This result suggests that cardiac fiber orientation is an important feature when using models to simulate the heart's response to external applied fields.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"1295-1297 vol.3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74724153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647484
M. Potse, A. Linnenbank, A. SippensGroenewegen, C. Grimbergen
By means of Karhunen-Loeve transformation it is possible to represent electrocardiographic body surface QRS integral maps using only two coefficients while retaining more than 80% of information. These coefficients are computed for a number of mean paced QRS integral maps, which were acquired from well-defined ventricular segments and are contained in a database used for localization of the origin of ventricular tachycardia. It is shown that these two coefficients are sufficient to compute the pacing site in a continuous fashion, without reference to a limited number of segments. These coefficients facilitate and improve the ventricular tachycardia localization procedure based on using the database of paced QRS integral maps, by establishing the relation between QRS integral map and corresponding site of origin.
{"title":"Continuous localization of ectopic left ventricular activation sites by means of a two-dimensional representation of body surface QRS integral maps","authors":"M. Potse, A. Linnenbank, A. SippensGroenewegen, C. Grimbergen","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.647484","url":null,"abstract":"By means of Karhunen-Loeve transformation it is possible to represent electrocardiographic body surface QRS integral maps using only two coefficients while retaining more than 80% of information. These coefficients are computed for a number of mean paced QRS integral maps, which were acquired from well-defined ventricular segments and are contained in a database used for localization of the origin of ventricular tachycardia. It is shown that these two coefficients are sufficient to compute the pacing site in a continuous fashion, without reference to a limited number of segments. These coefficients facilitate and improve the ventricular tachycardia localization procedure based on using the database of paced QRS integral maps, by establishing the relation between QRS integral map and corresponding site of origin.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"1419-1420 vol.4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74747908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651818
V. Macellari, C. Giacomozzi, E. Scattolini, A. Cappozzo
A compound instrument made of a six component strain gauged force platform and a pressure platform rigidly connected to it was developed aimed at analysing the foot-to-floor interaction during locomotion. Integrating these two instruments allowed the simultaneous estimation of resultant ground reaction components (vertical and shear resultant force components, free moment and location of the centre of pressure), pressure distribution throughout the foot-floor contact area, the trajectory of the centre of pressure superimposed to the contact area (foot print). All of these quantities were made available in each sampled instant of time during the execution of the locomotor act. In addition, the readings provided by the force plate allowed for a time dependent calibration of the pressure sensors. This permitted the authors to overcome the problems associated with the non-linear properties and hysteresis of the relevant sensing material.
{"title":"Piezo-dynamometry of foot-to-floor interactions during locomotion","authors":"V. Macellari, C. Giacomozzi, E. Scattolini, A. Cappozzo","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.651818","url":null,"abstract":"A compound instrument made of a six component strain gauged force platform and a pressure platform rigidly connected to it was developed aimed at analysing the foot-to-floor interaction during locomotion. Integrating these two instruments allowed the simultaneous estimation of resultant ground reaction components (vertical and shear resultant force components, free moment and location of the centre of pressure), pressure distribution throughout the foot-floor contact area, the trajectory of the centre of pressure superimposed to the contact area (foot print). All of these quantities were made available in each sampled instant of time during the execution of the locomotor act. In addition, the readings provided by the force plate allowed for a time dependent calibration of the pressure sensors. This permitted the authors to overcome the problems associated with the non-linear properties and hysteresis of the relevant sensing material.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"30 1","pages":"465-466 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74875044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-10-31DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652018
X. Long, J.W. Lee, V. C. Roberts
Doppler signals from a disturbed arterial blood flow are very likely to be nonstationary for they usually have a time-varying frequency structure caused by a complicated flow pattern. Therefore conventional Fourier analysis based methods are unsuitable for this application. This paper introduces the application of joint time-frequency analysis (TFA) to estimate the frequency dynamics of arterial Doppler blood flow signals and to detect the presence of small stenoses of the artery. The short time Fourier transform (STFT), Wigner distribution (WD), and Choi-Williams distribution (CWD) were investigated. The results of synthetic signal analysis show that the STFT, WD and CWD follow the transient changes of frequency well, and the STFT and CWD also behave well for multicomponent signals. Doppler spectra were obtained by means of the FFT, STFT, WD, and CWD for different flow rates and positions along a simulated blood vessel for stenoses ranging from 2% to 25% cross sectional area reduction (CSAR) using a blood analogue. The results indicate that all of these methods are to some extent capable of detecting stenoses as small as 2% CSAR by identifying the existence of negative frequency components in the spectra, and the CWD appears at this stage to be superior to the STFT and WD.
{"title":"Dynamic spectral analysis of arterial Doppler blood flow signals using time-frequency representations","authors":"X. Long, J.W. Lee, V. C. Roberts","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1996.652018","url":null,"abstract":"Doppler signals from a disturbed arterial blood flow are very likely to be nonstationary for they usually have a time-varying frequency structure caused by a complicated flow pattern. Therefore conventional Fourier analysis based methods are unsuitable for this application. This paper introduces the application of joint time-frequency analysis (TFA) to estimate the frequency dynamics of arterial Doppler blood flow signals and to detect the presence of small stenoses of the artery. The short time Fourier transform (STFT), Wigner distribution (WD), and Choi-Williams distribution (CWD) were investigated. The results of synthetic signal analysis show that the STFT, WD and CWD follow the transient changes of frequency well, and the STFT and CWD also behave well for multicomponent signals. Doppler spectra were obtained by means of the FFT, STFT, WD, and CWD for different flow rates and positions along a simulated blood vessel for stenoses ranging from 2% to 25% cross sectional area reduction (CSAR) using a blood analogue. The results indicate that all of these methods are to some extent capable of detecting stenoses as small as 2% CSAR by identifying the existence of negative frequency components in the spectra, and the CWD appears at this stage to be superior to the STFT and WD.","PeriodicalId":20427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","volume":"161 1","pages":"873-874 vol.2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74879928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：