Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.403
J. Dolezal, A. Krahulcová, Tomáš Urfus, F. Krahulec
{"title":"Residual sexuality of the apomict Pilosella rubra under natural conditions in the Krkonoše Mts","authors":"J. Dolezal, A. Krahulcová, Tomáš Urfus, F. Krahulec","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73572417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.167
F. Krahulec, A. Krahulcová, Tomáš Urfus, J. Dolezal
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: frantisek.krahulec@ibot.cas.cz, anna.krahulcova@ibot.cas.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic, e-mail: tomas.urfus@natur.cuni.cz; Museum and Gallery of the Orlické hory Mts, Jiráskova 2, CZ-516 01 Rychnov nad Kněžnou, Czech Republic, e-mail: jhdolezal@seznam.cz
{"title":"Populations of Pilosella species in ruderal habitats in the city of Prague","authors":"F. Krahulec, A. Krahulcová, Tomáš Urfus, J. Dolezal","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.167","url":null,"abstract":"Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: frantisek.krahulec@ibot.cas.cz, anna.krahulcova@ibot.cas.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic, e-mail: tomas.urfus@natur.cuni.cz; Museum and Gallery of the Orlické hory Mts, Jiráskova 2, CZ-516 01 Rychnov nad Kněžnou, Czech Republic, e-mail: jhdolezal@seznam.cz","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86735092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.353
M. Vojík, J. Sádlo, P. Petřík, P. Pyšek, M. Man, J. Pergl
To study the role that public parks play as sources of invasions, we surveyed 89 sites in the Czech Republic, comprising chateau parks in urban areas and countryside in various landscapes and socioeconomic contexts, in order to build complete inventories of alien taxa spontaneously spreading outside cultivation in parks or from their surroundings. We describe the richness, diversity, status, frequency and abundance of park floras, explore the relationship between alien taxa, site factors and management practices used in the parks, and assess the invasion potential of the recorded taxa and their interaction with threatened native taxa occurring in the parks. We found that (i) the numbers of escaping invasive species are relatively low, and their population sizes are limited despite the great number of taxa cultivated in parks; (ii) many invasive plants arrived in parks from the surrounding urban and rural landscapes; and (iii) many parks act as refugia for threatened native taxa and vegetation types. We recorded 242 alien taxa, of which 21 were recorded for the first time outside cultivation, representing additions to the national alien flora, seven were cultivars of native taxa, and 26 were native taxa growing outside their natural distribution area in the Czech Republic. The most abundant taxon was the native Hedera helix, which often thrives in its natural habitats; the most abundant alien taxa included the invasive neophytes, Impatiens parviflora and Robinia pseudoacacia. Alien taxa classified as naturalized or invasive in the Czech Republic were recorded as escaping from cultivation in 69% of the parks sampled and casual aliens in only 18%. We recorded 100 Red List taxa, including four critically threatened. Our study shows that parks play a similar role in invasions as other sites in urbanized landscapes, but they also provide habitats for many native taxa. The conservation effect is made possible by regular management primarily focused on aesthetic functions, e.g. removing shrub and tree saplings in specific habitats to maintain open sites and steppe localities.
{"title":"Two faces of parks","authors":"M. Vojík, J. Sádlo, P. Petřík, P. Pyšek, M. Man, J. Pergl","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.353","url":null,"abstract":"To study the role that public parks play as sources of invasions, we surveyed 89 sites in the Czech Republic, comprising chateau parks in urban areas and countryside in various landscapes and socioeconomic contexts, in order to build complete inventories of alien taxa spontaneously spreading outside cultivation in parks or from their surroundings. We describe the richness, diversity, status, frequency and abundance of park floras, explore the relationship between alien taxa, site factors and management practices used in the parks, and assess the invasion potential of the recorded taxa and their interaction with threatened native taxa occurring in the parks. We found that (i) the numbers of escaping invasive species are relatively low, and their population sizes are limited despite the great number of taxa cultivated in parks; (ii) many invasive plants arrived in parks from the surrounding urban and rural landscapes; and (iii) many parks act as refugia for threatened native taxa and vegetation types. We recorded 242 alien taxa, of which 21 were recorded for the first time outside cultivation, representing additions to the national alien flora, seven were cultivars of native taxa, and 26 were native taxa growing outside their natural distribution area in the Czech Republic. The most abundant taxon was the native Hedera helix, which often thrives in its natural habitats; the most abundant alien taxa included the invasive neophytes, Impatiens parviflora and Robinia pseudoacacia. Alien taxa classified as naturalized or invasive in the Czech Republic were recorded as escaping from cultivation in 69% of the parks sampled and casual aliens in only 18%. We recorded 100 Red List taxa, including four critically threatened. Our study shows that parks play a similar role in invasions as other sites in urbanized landscapes, but they also provide habitats for many native taxa. The conservation effect is made possible by regular management primarily focused on aesthetic functions, e.g. removing shrub and tree saplings in specific habitats to maintain open sites and steppe localities.","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80925057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.073
B. Lukács, V. A. Molnár, A. Mészáros, Ádám Lovas‐Kiss, O. Vincze, K. Süveges, R. Fekete, A. Mesterházy
Wetland Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, DRI, 4026 Debrecen Bem tér 18/C, e-mail: lukacs.balazs@okologia.mta.hu; Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1; Balaton-felvidéki National Park Directorate, 8229 Csopak, Kossuth u. 16; Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania; Hortobágy National Park Directorate, 4026 Debrecen, Sumen u. 2
{"title":"The decline and recovery of populations of Potamogeton coloratus in Hungary","authors":"B. Lukács, V. A. Molnár, A. Mészáros, Ádám Lovas‐Kiss, O. Vincze, K. Süveges, R. Fekete, A. Mesterházy","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.073","url":null,"abstract":"Wetland Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, DRI, 4026 Debrecen Bem tér 18/C, e-mail: lukacs.balazs@okologia.mta.hu; Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1; Balaton-felvidéki National Park Directorate, 8229 Csopak, Kossuth u. 16; Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania; Hortobágy National Park Directorate, 4026 Debrecen, Sumen u. 2","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84000452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.035
Zuzana Fajmonová, P. Hájková, M. Hájek
The factors that determine the unique species richness and composition of some temperate grasslands are poorly known. Uniqueness of the extraordinarily species-rich grasslands in the White Carpathian mountain range (Czech Republic, Slovakia), with many disjunct occurrences of species, have been previously attributed to intermittently wet deep soils, which facilitate the co-occurrence of steppe and wet-grassland species, and Holocene continuity of open land, resulted in large species pools. Based on a detailed investigation of 23 well-preserved regularly mown grasslands differing in their vegetation composition and species richness, we tested the relative importance of the hypothetical determinants of compositional variability within semi-dry grasslands. For the first time we included measurements of seasonal moisture at different soil depths and landscape differences in the intensity of the effect of prehistoric humans. Soil moisture was measured using the frequencydomain reflectometry based Profile Probe PR2 sensor at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 cm in the soil, repeatedly every four weeks from April to November. Soil samples were taken from the same depths in order to determine soil basicity and nutrient content. As a proxy of the intensity of the effect of prehistoric human activities, mean distances between sampled localities and the five nearest Neolithic or Aeneolithic settlements were used. The species richness was best explained by mean soil moisture, which increased towards the most species-rich grasslands, whereas the distance from prehistoric settlements had no effect. Basicity, moisture and the distance from prehistoric settlements had significant conditional effects on species composition. There was a high frequency of species of intermittently wet soils, thermophilous oak forests and forest fringes in the most valuable grasslands, which are located mostly in the south-western part of the area where the soils were moister and closer to prehistoric settlements, but the seasonal variation in moisture was not high. We conclude that coexistence of species from different habitats is dependent on regular management and high soil moisture throughout the growing season. Due to intermediate moisture conditions that are tolerated by multiple ecological groups of species, many species may locally coexist and form a species-rich grassland community of unique species composition. In addition, prehistoric human activities contributed to landscape openness and helped maintain a forest-steppe species pool during the Holocene forest optimum. Our results indicate that although this historical determinant shapes predominantly the species composition pattern, the extraordinarily species-rich spots are determined rather by abiotic factors, such as intermediate moisture and biotic interactions resulting from the type and duration of management practices. Preslia 92: 35–56, 2020 35
{"title":"Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians","authors":"Zuzana Fajmonová, P. Hájková, M. Hájek","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.035","url":null,"abstract":"The factors that determine the unique species richness and composition of some temperate grasslands are poorly known. Uniqueness of the extraordinarily species-rich grasslands in the White Carpathian mountain range (Czech Republic, Slovakia), with many disjunct occurrences of species, have been previously attributed to intermittently wet deep soils, which facilitate the co-occurrence of steppe and wet-grassland species, and Holocene continuity of open land, resulted in large species pools. Based on a detailed investigation of 23 well-preserved regularly mown grasslands differing in their vegetation composition and species richness, we tested the relative importance of the hypothetical determinants of compositional variability within semi-dry grasslands. For the first time we included measurements of seasonal moisture at different soil depths and landscape differences in the intensity of the effect of prehistoric humans. Soil moisture was measured using the frequencydomain reflectometry based Profile Probe PR2 sensor at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 cm in the soil, repeatedly every four weeks from April to November. Soil samples were taken from the same depths in order to determine soil basicity and nutrient content. As a proxy of the intensity of the effect of prehistoric human activities, mean distances between sampled localities and the five nearest Neolithic or Aeneolithic settlements were used. The species richness was best explained by mean soil moisture, which increased towards the most species-rich grasslands, whereas the distance from prehistoric settlements had no effect. Basicity, moisture and the distance from prehistoric settlements had significant conditional effects on species composition. There was a high frequency of species of intermittently wet soils, thermophilous oak forests and forest fringes in the most valuable grasslands, which are located mostly in the south-western part of the area where the soils were moister and closer to prehistoric settlements, but the seasonal variation in moisture was not high. We conclude that coexistence of species from different habitats is dependent on regular management and high soil moisture throughout the growing season. Due to intermediate moisture conditions that are tolerated by multiple ecological groups of species, many species may locally coexist and form a species-rich grassland community of unique species composition. In addition, prehistoric human activities contributed to landscape openness and helped maintain a forest-steppe species pool during the Holocene forest optimum. Our results indicate that although this historical determinant shapes predominantly the species composition pattern, the extraordinarily species-rich spots are determined rather by abiotic factors, such as intermediate moisture and biotic interactions resulting from the type and duration of management practices. Preslia 92: 35–56, 2020 35","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73807280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.137
S. Píšová, T. Fér
Aquatic and wetland plants tend to be very phenotypically plastic, which accounts for the taxonomic difficulties in many groups. In the genus Sparganium, which comprises about 14 species, numerous taxa at different ranks are described. The classification of the genus is based on generative characters on the fruit, which are less influenced by the environment than vegetative characters. Nevertheless, the intraspecific division of Sparganium erectum poses problems, especially the existence of several intraspecific taxa along with intermediate individuals. In this study we examined four European subspecies of S. erectum (subsp. erectum, subsp. microcarpum, subsp. neglectum and subsp. oocarpum) from 64 populations in the Czech Republic. A combination of multivariate morphometrics, AFLPs and genome size estimation allowed us to confirm the current subspecies classification and investigate putative intraspecific hybridization. Four genetic groups with different genome sizes corresponding to the subspecies were found. Morphological characters that were described in previous studies correlated with these genetic groups and thus affirmed the classification. The most important characters for subspecies differentiation were width and length of fruit, style length, length of the upper part of the fruit and constriction in the middle part of the fruit. In addition, admixed individuals between the genetic groups were recorded. The hybrid origin of subsp. oocarpum was confirmed, being derived from the crossing of subsp. erectum and subsp. neglectum. Finally, three other hybrid combinations were detected, suggesting recent hybridization: subsp. erectum × subsp. microcarpum, subsp. microcarpum × subsp. neglectum, and subsp. erectum × subsp. oocarpum.
{"title":"Intraspecific differentiation of Sparganium erectum in the Czech Republic","authors":"S. Píšová, T. Fér","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.137","url":null,"abstract":"Aquatic and wetland plants tend to be very phenotypically plastic, which accounts for the taxonomic difficulties in many groups. In the genus Sparganium, which comprises about 14 species, numerous taxa at different ranks are described. The classification of the genus is based on generative characters on the fruit, which are less influenced by the environment than vegetative characters. Nevertheless, the intraspecific division of Sparganium erectum poses problems, especially the existence of several intraspecific taxa along with intermediate individuals. In this study we examined four European subspecies of S. erectum (subsp. erectum, subsp. microcarpum, subsp. neglectum and subsp. oocarpum) from 64 populations in the Czech Republic. A combination of multivariate morphometrics, AFLPs and genome size estimation allowed us to confirm the current subspecies classification and investigate putative intraspecific hybridization. Four genetic groups with different genome sizes corresponding to the subspecies were found. Morphological characters that were described in previous studies correlated with these genetic groups and thus affirmed the classification. The most important characters for subspecies differentiation were width and length of fruit, style length, length of the upper part of the fruit and constriction in the middle part of the fruit. In addition, admixed individuals between the genetic groups were recorded. The hybrid origin of subsp. oocarpum was confirmed, being derived from the crossing of subsp. erectum and subsp. neglectum. Finally, three other hybrid combinations were detected, suggesting recent hybridization: subsp. erectum × subsp. microcarpum, subsp. microcarpum × subsp. neglectum, and subsp. erectum × subsp. oocarpum.","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81646400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.115
Maroš Wiezik, L. Petr, V. Jankovská, P. Hájková, E. Jamrichová, R. Hrivnák, Michaela Korená Hillayová, B. Jarčuška, F. Máliš, M. Hájek
Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: maros.wiezik@yahoo.com, hajek@sci.muni.cz; Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Laboratory of Palaeoecology, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Forest Economics and Management, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; National Forest Centre, T. G. Masaryka 22, SK-960 01 Zvolen
马萨里克大学理学院植物与动物学系，Kotlářská 2，捷克布尔诺CZ-611 37;电子邮件:maros.wiezik@yahoo.com、hajek@sci.muni.cz;Zvolen技术大学林学院植物系，斯洛伐克Zvolen SK-960;捷克科学院植物研究所古生态学实验室，lidick 25/27, cz - 60200布尔诺，捷克共和国;植物科学与生物多样性中心植物研究所，Dúbravská cesta 9，斯洛伐克布拉迪斯拉发SK-845 23;Zvolen技术大学林学院森林经济与管理系，斯洛伐克Zvolen SK-960;斯洛伐克科学院森林生态研究所，Ľ。Štúra 2, SK-960 01 Zvolen，斯洛伐克;国家森林中心，T. G. Masaryka 22, SK-960 01 Zvolen
{"title":"Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin","authors":"Maroš Wiezik, L. Petr, V. Jankovská, P. Hájková, E. Jamrichová, R. Hrivnák, Michaela Korená Hillayová, B. Jarčuška, F. Máliš, M. Hájek","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.115","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: maros.wiezik@yahoo.com, hajek@sci.muni.cz; Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Laboratory of Palaeoecology, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Forest Economics and Management, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, SK-960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; National Forest Centre, T. G. Masaryka 22, SK-960 01 Zvolen","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78152689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2020.375
A. Takács, Tamás Zsólyomi, V. Molnár, Sándor Jordán, A. Sennikov, O. Vincze, G. Sramkó
MTA-DE “Lendület” Evolutionary Phylogenomics Research Group, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary, e-mail: sramko.gabor@science.unideb.hu; Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary; Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland; Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; Wetland Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, DRI, 4026 Debrecen Bem tér 18/C, Hungary; Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania
{"title":"Evidence of hybridization between Galatella villosa and G. linosyris, and a taxonomic reappraisal of the hybrid G. ×subvillosa","authors":"A. Takács, Tamás Zsólyomi, V. Molnár, Sándor Jordán, A. Sennikov, O. Vincze, G. Sramkó","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2020.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.375","url":null,"abstract":"MTA-DE “Lendület” Evolutionary Phylogenomics Research Group, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary, e-mail: sramko.gabor@science.unideb.hu; Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary; Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland; Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; Wetland Ecology Research Group, Centre for Ecological Research, DRI, 4026 Debrecen Bem tér 18/C, Hungary; Evolutionary Ecology Group, Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89210299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2019.391
M. Lepší, P. Lepší, P. Koutecký, M. Lučanová, E. Koutecká, Z. Kaplan
South Bohemian Museum in České Budějovice, Dukelská 1, CZ-370 51 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: lepsi@muzeumcb.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: lepsi@seznam.cz, kouta@prf.jcu.cz, kubesovm@gmail.com, Eva.egi@seznam.cz; Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Administration of the Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, Vyšný 59, CZ-381 01 Český Krumlov, Czech Republic, e-mail: plepsi@seznam.cz; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: kaplan@ibot.cas.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
{"title":"Stellaria ruderalis, a new species in the Stellaria media group from central Europe","authors":"M. Lepší, P. Lepší, P. Koutecký, M. Lučanová, E. Koutecká, Z. Kaplan","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2019.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2019.391","url":null,"abstract":"South Bohemian Museum in České Budějovice, Dukelská 1, CZ-370 51 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: lepsi@muzeumcb.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic, e-mail: lepsi@seznam.cz, kouta@prf.jcu.cz, kubesovm@gmail.com, Eva.egi@seznam.cz; Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, Administration of the Blanský les Protected Landscape Area, Vyšný 59, CZ-381 01 Český Krumlov, Czech Republic, e-mail: plepsi@seznam.cz; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: kaplan@ibot.cas.cz; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague, Czech Republic","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87567553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.23855/preslia.2019.369
G. Pinke, Tamás Kolejanisz, András Vér, K. Nagy, G. Milics, Gerhard Schlögl, Ákos Bede‐Fazekas, Z. Botta‐Dukát, B. Czúcz
Drivers of Ambrosia artemisiifolia abundance in arable fields along the Aus-trian-Hungarian border. Preslia 91: 369–389. The Carpathian Basin is one of the most important regions in terms of the invasion of the common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia ) in Europe. The invasion history of this weed, however, seems to have been assessed differently in Austria and Hungary: scientists in both countries assumed that this species had become abundant earlier and had caused more problems in their own than in other country. The goal of this study is to resolve the historical misunderstandings and scrutinize the related popular beliefs by a concise literature overview and an extensive analysis of the current patterns in ragweed infestations in crops in the borderlands in eastern Austria and western Hungary. The abundance of A. artemisiifolia was measured in 200 arable fields across the region, along with 31 background variables. Data were analysed using binomial generalized linear mod- els (GLM), decision tree models and variation partitioning. Ambrosia artemisiifolia occurred more frequently in Hungary, but there were no significant differences in the proportion of larger cover values recorded in these two countries, and ‘cover values > 10%’ were even slightly more common in Austria. We found that previous crops of maize and soya bean and conventional farm- ing were associated with the higher abundances in Austria, while organic farming was associated with relatively higher frequencies of heavy infestations in Hungarian fields. In the overall analy- sis crop cover was the most important variable with low crop cover associated with high ragweed abundance. Temperature and phosphorous fertilizer were negatively, while precipitation and soil phosphorous concentration positively associated with the abundance values. Land-use variables accounted for more of the variance in the abundance patterns of common ragweed than environ- mental variables. The current patterns inragweeddistributionmight indicate that a saturationprocess is still underway on the Austrian side. The saturation lag of 20–30 years is possibly due to several factors and the role of the Iron Curtain in determining cross-border exchange of propagules could be decisive. Nevertheless, the discrepancies uncovered in the accounts of the invasion of Hungar- ian and Austrian authors might also be seen as legacies of the Iron Curtain, which were caused by mutual limitations on access to national data and literature of the other country in a critical period of rapid ragweed spread. These discrepancies, that had a long-lasting effect on the work of scientific communities, are documented here in detail for the first time.
{"title":"Drivers of Ambrosia artemisiifolia abundance in arable fields along the Austrian-Hungarian border","authors":"G. Pinke, Tamás Kolejanisz, András Vér, K. Nagy, G. Milics, Gerhard Schlögl, Ákos Bede‐Fazekas, Z. Botta‐Dukát, B. Czúcz","doi":"10.23855/preslia.2019.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2019.369","url":null,"abstract":"Drivers of Ambrosia artemisiifolia abundance in arable fields along the Aus-trian-Hungarian border. Preslia 91: 369–389. The Carpathian Basin is one of the most important regions in terms of the invasion of the common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia ) in Europe. The invasion history of this weed, however, seems to have been assessed differently in Austria and Hungary: scientists in both countries assumed that this species had become abundant earlier and had caused more problems in their own than in other country. The goal of this study is to resolve the historical misunderstandings and scrutinize the related popular beliefs by a concise literature overview and an extensive analysis of the current patterns in ragweed infestations in crops in the borderlands in eastern Austria and western Hungary. The abundance of A. artemisiifolia was measured in 200 arable fields across the region, along with 31 background variables. Data were analysed using binomial generalized linear mod- els (GLM), decision tree models and variation partitioning. Ambrosia artemisiifolia occurred more frequently in Hungary, but there were no significant differences in the proportion of larger cover values recorded in these two countries, and ‘cover values > 10%’ were even slightly more common in Austria. We found that previous crops of maize and soya bean and conventional farm- ing were associated with the higher abundances in Austria, while organic farming was associated with relatively higher frequencies of heavy infestations in Hungarian fields. In the overall analy- sis crop cover was the most important variable with low crop cover associated with high ragweed abundance. Temperature and phosphorous fertilizer were negatively, while precipitation and soil phosphorous concentration positively associated with the abundance values. Land-use variables accounted for more of the variance in the abundance patterns of common ragweed than environ- mental variables. The current patterns inragweeddistributionmight indicate that a saturationprocess is still underway on the Austrian side. The saturation lag of 20–30 years is possibly due to several factors and the role of the Iron Curtain in determining cross-border exchange of propagules could be decisive. Nevertheless, the discrepancies uncovered in the accounts of the invasion of Hungar- ian and Austrian authors might also be seen as legacies of the Iron Curtain, which were caused by mutual limitations on access to national data and literature of the other country in a critical period of rapid ragweed spread. These discrepancies, that had a long-lasting effect on the work of scientific communities, are documented here in detail for the first time.","PeriodicalId":20501,"journal":{"name":"Preslia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81819534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：