General Radiography is a type of x-ray modality that is used widely for diagnostic purposes in Indonesia. There are three types of imaging systems in General Radiography technology in its development, namely Film, Computed Radiography (CR), and Digital Radiography (DR). In this research, an analysis was made related to comparing the three imaging systems for the Chest PA procedure in Indonesia. Comparing the radiation doses of each technology with the Diagnostic Reference Level in Indonesia (IDRL) has been done. Data collection was carried out using the Si-INTAN application from January 1st, 2019, to December 31st, 2019. The analysis was carried out statistically through a t-test to obtain conclusions about each technology’s different radiation doses. Comparisons with IDRL are based on the value of Q3 (75 percentiles) radiation doses distribution for each technology. The research results showed that CR technology gave the highest dose for the Chest PA examination, which was 0.27 mGy, while DR gave the lowest dose, which was 0.11 mGy. Comparison with IDRL showed that there were doses that exceed IDRL for CR technology, whereas Film and DR technology has no dose data that exceed IDRL. This condition was influenced by an extensive dynamic range on the CR modality that allows overexposure.
{"title":"Review of medical exposure dose in Indonesia based on general radiography technology","authors":"I. B. G. P. Pratama","doi":"10.1063/5.0058876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0058876","url":null,"abstract":"General Radiography is a type of x-ray modality that is used widely for diagnostic purposes in Indonesia. There are three types of imaging systems in General Radiography technology in its development, namely Film, Computed Radiography (CR), and Digital Radiography (DR). In this research, an analysis was made related to comparing the three imaging systems for the Chest PA procedure in Indonesia. Comparing the radiation doses of each technology with the Diagnostic Reference Level in Indonesia (IDRL) has been done. Data collection was carried out using the Si-INTAN application from January 1st, 2019, to December 31st, 2019. The analysis was carried out statistically through a t-test to obtain conclusions about each technology’s different radiation doses. Comparisons with IDRL are based on the value of Q3 (75 percentiles) radiation doses distribution for each technology. The research results showed that CR technology gave the highest dose for the Chest PA examination, which was 0.27 mGy, while DR gave the lowest dose, which was 0.11 mGy. Comparison with IDRL showed that there were doses that exceed IDRL for CR technology, whereas Film and DR technology has no dose data that exceed IDRL. This condition was influenced by an extensive dynamic range on the CR modality that allows overexposure.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79435292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Raflis, Z. Su'ud, A. Waris, D. Irwanto, N. Takaki
A long-life CANDLE burn up strategy has been performed to determine the start-up core design and power flattening of core configuration for 600 MWt rating. The initial core of fuel composition is applied with a minimum amount of plutonium from the depleted uranium as booster fuel region to keep a continuous operation for several decades. In this work, long life small CANDLE gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) will be investigated from neutron behavior interaction using OpenMC code. The OpenMC code is an open-source Monte Carlo particle transport code that enabling full-scale and high- fidelity geometry modeling of nuclear reactors and other systems. Our analysis uses nuclear data of Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF/B-VII.b5) and continuous-energy cross-section. The physics parameters are characterized, including the effective multiplication factor, flux distribution, fission reaction rate distribution, and power fraction distribution. The initial CANDLE core keeps successfully in critical condition with slight fluctuation of the multiplication factor. Finally, we got the result that the CANDLE-GFR using the depleted uranium to achieve the equilibrium core is promising.
{"title":"Core depletion analysis of long-life CANDLE gas-cooled fast reactor using OpenMC code","authors":"H. Raflis, Z. Su'ud, A. Waris, D. Irwanto, N. Takaki","doi":"10.1063/5.0058906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0058906","url":null,"abstract":"A long-life CANDLE burn up strategy has been performed to determine the start-up core design and power flattening of core configuration for 600 MWt rating. The initial core of fuel composition is applied with a minimum amount of plutonium from the depleted uranium as booster fuel region to keep a continuous operation for several decades. In this work, long life small CANDLE gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) will be investigated from neutron behavior interaction using OpenMC code. The OpenMC code is an open-source Monte Carlo particle transport code that enabling full-scale and high- fidelity geometry modeling of nuclear reactors and other systems. Our analysis uses nuclear data of Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF/B-VII.b5) and continuous-energy cross-section. The physics parameters are characterized, including the effective multiplication factor, flux distribution, fission reaction rate distribution, and power fraction distribution. The initial CANDLE core keeps successfully in critical condition with slight fluctuation of the multiplication factor. Finally, we got the result that the CANDLE-GFR using the depleted uranium to achieve the equilibrium core is promising.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77549214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pyranopyrazole is a heterocyclic organic compound in which the skeleton is a pyran ring substituted by pyrazole in the ortho position. Pyranopyrazole can be synthesized using aldehyde, hydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, and malononitrile as precursors with a multicomponent reaction method. Synthesis of pyranopyrazole is carried out through the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, Michael’s addition, and cyclization. In this research, nano-Fe3O4 is synthesized from rust and used cooking oil. Synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivate compound reached the optimal condition within 60 min of the reaction with the amount of nano-Fe3O4 catalyst is 1 % (w/w). Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde are used in variations of aldehyde in this research. The results show that the reaction in 60 min using nano-Fe3O4 produces pyranopyrazole derivative compounds. The nano-Fe3O4 is characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDS instruments. The resulting products are characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, and GC-MS.
{"title":"Synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivative compounds with nano-Fe3O4 catalyst","authors":"A. Cahyana, A. Mufidah","doi":"10.1063/5.0060453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0060453","url":null,"abstract":"Pyranopyrazole is a heterocyclic organic compound in which the skeleton is a pyran ring substituted by pyrazole in the ortho position. Pyranopyrazole can be synthesized using aldehyde, hydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate, and malononitrile as precursors with a multicomponent reaction method. Synthesis of pyranopyrazole is carried out through the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, Michael’s addition, and cyclization. In this research, nano-Fe3O4 is synthesized from rust and used cooking oil. Synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivate compound reached the optimal condition within 60 min of the reaction with the amount of nano-Fe3O4 catalyst is 1 % (w/w). Benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and cinnamaldehyde are used in variations of aldehyde in this research. The results show that the reaction in 60 min using nano-Fe3O4 produces pyranopyrazole derivative compounds. The nano-Fe3O4 is characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDS instruments. The resulting products are characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, and GC-MS.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75268203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electrocatalytic water splitting is considered a hopeful technology in the production of hydrogen as affordable green energy. Electrocatalysts are used to enhance the electrokinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Compared to other noble metals, platinum (Pt) has the highest efficiency and stability in HER electrocatalyst in acid or base electrolytes. Literature studies show that the electrocatalytic efficiency of nanostructured Pt is greatly affected by the shape, size, and surface of the crystal facets. For this reason, this research carried out the synthesis of Pt particles on a glass substrate coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) using square-wave pulse (SWP) electrodeposition with two variations in the electrolyte solution (KCl and KCl+H2SO4) to obtain certain crystal facets on the surface. The results show that the growth of Pt particles was affected by the presence of certain ions in the sulfuric acid electrolyte (HSO4− and SO42-). These ions promoted the formation of anisotropic, flower-like particles, while using KCl by itself as an electrolyte produced only spherically shaped Pt particles. Our Pt mesoflowers (MFs) showed better catalytic performance in the HER and a lower overpotential and slope than the Pt mesospheres (MSs). This result might be due to the presence of the high-index facets (220) and (311), which work as active sites that can break the bonding chains of compounds. On the other hand, the dominant crystal facets of the Pt MSs are (100) and (002), which are more favorable for the catalytic activity of the OER.
{"title":"Synthesis of Pt mesoflowers as electrocatalysts for water splitting","authors":"S. Razak, V. Fauzia, S. Budi, M. Khotib","doi":"10.1063/5.0058903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0058903","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalytic water splitting is considered a hopeful technology in the production of hydrogen as affordable green energy. Electrocatalysts are used to enhance the electrokinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Compared to other noble metals, platinum (Pt) has the highest efficiency and stability in HER electrocatalyst in acid or base electrolytes. Literature studies show that the electrocatalytic efficiency of nanostructured Pt is greatly affected by the shape, size, and surface of the crystal facets. For this reason, this research carried out the synthesis of Pt particles on a glass substrate coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) using square-wave pulse (SWP) electrodeposition with two variations in the electrolyte solution (KCl and KCl+H2SO4) to obtain certain crystal facets on the surface. The results show that the growth of Pt particles was affected by the presence of certain ions in the sulfuric acid electrolyte (HSO4− and SO42-). These ions promoted the formation of anisotropic, flower-like particles, while using KCl by itself as an electrolyte produced only spherically shaped Pt particles. Our Pt mesoflowers (MFs) showed better catalytic performance in the HER and a lower overpotential and slope than the Pt mesospheres (MSs). This result might be due to the presence of the high-index facets (220) and (311), which work as active sites that can break the bonding chains of compounds. On the other hand, the dominant crystal facets of the Pt MSs are (100) and (002), which are more favorable for the catalytic activity of the OER.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84538513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mortality prediction is a crucial aspect for insurance and pension fund companies in deciding a suitable premium. The aim of this research is to discuss a cross-country (multi-population) mortality modeling in order to obtain a better mortality prediction. This modeling is based on the multi-dimensional Buhlmann credibility approach. The expansion in this research refers to mortality rate data taken from several countries. The Buhlmann credibility theory is generally used to predict the value of a random variable in a given period in the future. In this research, prediction for years to come was done using two strategies: Expanding Window and Moving Window. For every prediction in the upcoming period, both Expanding Window and Moving Window use prediction result values as additional data to build upon the prediction model for the next year; however, Moving Window also dismisses the oldest data. The model parameter is estimated with non-parametric approach. This model is then applied to the mortality data from Japan, Sweden, and the Czech Republic. Finally, each model’s performance is analyzed using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Average Mean Absolute Percentage Error (AMAPE). The result shows that the performance of the multi-dimensional Buhlmann credibility approach is satisfactory in modeling cross-country mortality rates.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of the multi-dimensional Bühlmann credibility approach in predicting multi-population mortality rates","authors":"D. N. Parinding, S. Nurrohmah, M. Novita","doi":"10.1063/5.0059050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059050","url":null,"abstract":"Mortality prediction is a crucial aspect for insurance and pension fund companies in deciding a suitable premium. The aim of this research is to discuss a cross-country (multi-population) mortality modeling in order to obtain a better mortality prediction. This modeling is based on the multi-dimensional Buhlmann credibility approach. The expansion in this research refers to mortality rate data taken from several countries. The Buhlmann credibility theory is generally used to predict the value of a random variable in a given period in the future. In this research, prediction for years to come was done using two strategies: Expanding Window and Moving Window. For every prediction in the upcoming period, both Expanding Window and Moving Window use prediction result values as additional data to build upon the prediction model for the next year; however, Moving Window also dismisses the oldest data. The model parameter is estimated with non-parametric approach. This model is then applied to the mortality data from Japan, Sweden, and the Czech Republic. Finally, each model’s performance is analyzed using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Average Mean Absolute Percentage Error (AMAPE). The result shows that the performance of the multi-dimensional Buhlmann credibility approach is satisfactory in modeling cross-country mortality rates.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78691561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Control system process is an important process that occurs in the branch of industrial world, one of which is in the realm of the oil and gas industry in production of the upstream process. One of the main instrument in the upstream oil and gas process is a separator which has the function of separating the fluid content of crude oil which flows through the pipe into several phases. In a three-phase separator, the separator will separate the heavy content of crude oil into three phases, namely the gas, water and oil phases before being distributed to the gathering station. In fact, almost all control processes separator instrument at PT. Pertamina EP still using the conventional PID control model which must be continuously monitored by human resources 24 hours per day. Sometimes also with a manual control system like this causes many factors in the calculation of daily logging data errors. Therefore, this research designed an intelligent system- based control method, which is a neuro-fuzzy control. This neuro-fuzzy control method is designed using Adaptive Neuro- Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) algorithm model with input in the form of setpoint, error, and error difference from the process of fluid separator variable, namely fluid level (h). The research was conducted using the Simulink / MATLAB application by entering the transfer function of the separator mathematical model and then making a comparison by looking at the response graph and parameters between the PID and ANFIS controller models. The results of this research conclude that the performance of the ANFIS model controller on average has a much better overshoot than the PID model because it is always close to zero in each set point condition and the ANFIS model has a better error value when the set point is 5 with a difference in error 0.712 instead of the error value of PID controller model.
{"title":"Application of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for simulating water fluid level control systems on horizontal separator","authors":"A. N. Ismail, P. Prajitno, K. Adhitya","doi":"10.1063/5.0059111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059111","url":null,"abstract":"Control system process is an important process that occurs in the branch of industrial world, one of which is in the realm of the oil and gas industry in production of the upstream process. One of the main instrument in the upstream oil and gas process is a separator which has the function of separating the fluid content of crude oil which flows through the pipe into several phases. In a three-phase separator, the separator will separate the heavy content of crude oil into three phases, namely the gas, water and oil phases before being distributed to the gathering station. In fact, almost all control processes separator instrument at PT. Pertamina EP still using the conventional PID control model which must be continuously monitored by human resources 24 hours per day. Sometimes also with a manual control system like this causes many factors in the calculation of daily logging data errors. Therefore, this research designed an intelligent system- based control method, which is a neuro-fuzzy control. This neuro-fuzzy control method is designed using Adaptive Neuro- Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) algorithm model with input in the form of setpoint, error, and error difference from the process of fluid separator variable, namely fluid level (h). The research was conducted using the Simulink / MATLAB application by entering the transfer function of the separator mathematical model and then making a comparison by looking at the response graph and parameters between the PID and ANFIS controller models. The results of this research conclude that the performance of the ANFIS model controller on average has a much better overshoot than the PID model because it is always close to zero in each set point condition and the ANFIS model has a better error value when the set point is 5 with a difference in error 0.712 instead of the error value of PID controller model.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87446632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Shabihah, S. Pambudi, F. A. Sitepu, C. Ikhsan, B. Yohan, R. Lestari
Chikungunya is one of the current infectious, re-emerging diseases. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can cause some non-specific symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, and myalgia, similar to dengue and zika virus infection. The similarity of the symptoms frequently makes the diagnosis inaccurate. Therefore, a rapid and accurate diagnostic method such as an antibody-based Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) is needed to prevent a late or inaccurate diagnosis that can cause prolonged effects of infection. This study aims to obtain a recombinant clone colony of P. pastoris X-33 as an initial step for antibody-based RDT kit development. This study includes the transformation and the Mut+ phenotype confirmation of recombinant clones. The recombinant plasmid pPICZaA-E2 was transformed and integrated into P. pastoris X-33 genome using the electroporation method. After screening process through genome PCR, four positive recombinant clones colonies were analyzed in minimal dextrose and methanol media for Mut+ confirmation. Visualization of PCR colony shows two bands were formed in the size of 2.200 bp corresponding to the P. pastoris genome’s AOX1 gene and 1.848 bp corresponding to recombinant plasmid’s AOX1 gene that indicates the recombinant plasmid pPICZaA-E2 was integrated into the genome. All of the recombinant clones colonies grew well in minimal dextrose and minimal methanol media. Based on the results, it can be predicted that the Mut+ phenotype of P. pastoris recombinant clone was successfully obtained. However, gene sequencing must be done as a further step to confirm the presence of the recombinant DNA and the AOX1 gene in P. pastoris.
{"title":"Transformation of pPICZaA-E2 to Pichia pastoris X-33 and Mut+ phenotype analysis","authors":"F. Shabihah, S. Pambudi, F. A. Sitepu, C. Ikhsan, B. Yohan, R. Lestari","doi":"10.1063/5.0059271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059271","url":null,"abstract":"Chikungunya is one of the current infectious, re-emerging diseases. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can cause some non-specific symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, and myalgia, similar to dengue and zika virus infection. The similarity of the symptoms frequently makes the diagnosis inaccurate. Therefore, a rapid and accurate diagnostic method such as an antibody-based Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) is needed to prevent a late or inaccurate diagnosis that can cause prolonged effects of infection. This study aims to obtain a recombinant clone colony of P. pastoris X-33 as an initial step for antibody-based RDT kit development. This study includes the transformation and the Mut+ phenotype confirmation of recombinant clones. The recombinant plasmid pPICZaA-E2 was transformed and integrated into P. pastoris X-33 genome using the electroporation method. After screening process through genome PCR, four positive recombinant clones colonies were analyzed in minimal dextrose and methanol media for Mut+ confirmation. Visualization of PCR colony shows two bands were formed in the size of 2.200 bp corresponding to the P. pastoris genome’s AOX1 gene and 1.848 bp corresponding to recombinant plasmid’s AOX1 gene that indicates the recombinant plasmid pPICZaA-E2 was integrated into the genome. All of the recombinant clones colonies grew well in minimal dextrose and minimal methanol media. Based on the results, it can be predicted that the Mut+ phenotype of P. pastoris recombinant clone was successfully obtained. However, gene sequencing must be done as a further step to confirm the presence of the recombinant DNA and the AOX1 gene in P. pastoris.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80537214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modeling survival data depends on the shape of the hazard rate. In this paper, a distribution called the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution, will be introduced. Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is a distribution that is formed from the transformation of the two-parameter Lindley distribution. The transformations used are power transformation and inverse transformation. Thus, the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution can model heavy-tailed data with an upside-down bathtub hazard rate. In this essay, we discuss how to construct Extended Inverse Lindley distribution and characteristics of these distributions. These include the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, survival function, hazard rate, r-th moment, and mode. The parameters of the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. At the end of this paper, the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is used to illustrate the repairing time data (in hours) for 46 failures of an airborne communications receiver and shown that the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is more suitable for modeling data than other distributions.
{"title":"Extended Inverse Lindley distribution","authors":"V. D. Maharani, D. Lestari, S. Devila","doi":"10.1063/5.0059263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059263","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling survival data depends on the shape of the hazard rate. In this paper, a distribution called the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution, will be introduced. Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is a distribution that is formed from the transformation of the two-parameter Lindley distribution. The transformations used are power transformation and inverse transformation. Thus, the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution can model heavy-tailed data with an upside-down bathtub hazard rate. In this essay, we discuss how to construct Extended Inverse Lindley distribution and characteristics of these distributions. These include the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, survival function, hazard rate, r-th moment, and mode. The parameters of the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. At the end of this paper, the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is used to illustrate the repairing time data (in hours) for 46 failures of an airborne communications receiver and shown that the Extended Inverse Lindley distribution is more suitable for modeling data than other distributions.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75385542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is among of the greatest assuring methods in producing hydrogen. One of the alternative semiconductor materials used as a photoanode for water-splitting applications is ZnO. However, this compound has several drawbacks that can be overcome by combining it with noble metal particles. In this study, ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method and then decorated with AuAg mesoflowers (MFs) synthesized by the wet chemical method. A linear sweep voltammogram (LSV) measurement under visible light and AM 1.5 G shows that the ZnO/AuAg MFs produced the highest photocurrent in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with the highest efficiency, of 0.034 % at a voltage of 0.874V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The AuAg MFs may act as electron donors, injecting electrons into the ZnO conduction band to increase the photocurrent.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of ZnO/Au and ZnO/AuAg mesoflower composites for photoelectrochemical water-splitting applications","authors":"Ana Mentari, V. Fauzia, M. Khotib","doi":"10.1063/5.0058900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0058900","url":null,"abstract":"Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is among of the greatest assuring methods in producing hydrogen. One of the alternative semiconductor materials used as a photoanode for water-splitting applications is ZnO. However, this compound has several drawbacks that can be overcome by combining it with noble metal particles. In this study, ZnO nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method and then decorated with AuAg mesoflowers (MFs) synthesized by the wet chemical method. A linear sweep voltammogram (LSV) measurement under visible light and AM 1.5 G shows that the ZnO/AuAg MFs produced the highest photocurrent in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with the highest efficiency, of 0.034 % at a voltage of 0.874V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The AuAg MFs may act as electron donors, injecting electrons into the ZnO conduction band to increase the photocurrent.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74313835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In reliability systems, there are known two types of systems namely series systems and parallel systems. In the series system, failure will occur if any of the possible events happen. Applications of the series system analysis also varies from inspecting the durability of manufactured products to examining diseases in human. Therefore, several distributions have been introduced to model failure data in series system. However, these distributions cannot model data with bathtub shaped hazard function even though it is the one mostly found in real life situation. As a result, distribution which can model lifetime data in series system with bathtub-shaped hazard function has to be developed. In real life application, there is condition where failure could occur caused by several independent events and has a bathtub shaped hazard function, for example engineering cases and competing risk. Weibull Lindley distribution, which was introduced by Asgharzadeh et al. (2018), is developed to solve the problem. As Weibull Lindley distribution describes lifetime data of an object that can experience failure caused by 2 possible events. It can model data with increasing, decreasing and bathtub shaped hazard function. Asgharzadeh et al. (2018) only show the modeling of Weibull Lindley distribution in medical field which is competing risk data. This paper discusses the process of forming the Weibull Lindley distribution, its properties and parameter estimation using the maximum likelihood method. In addition, the application of Weibull Lindley distribution in engineering field which is the lifetime data of machine consists of two independent components paired in series also be discussed.
在可靠性系统中，有两种已知的系统，即串联系统和并联系统。在串联系统中，任何可能发生的事件都将导致故障。该系列系统分析的应用也从检验制造产品的耐久性到检验人类疾病。因此，在串联系统中引入了几种分布来模拟故障数据。然而，这些分布不能用浴缸形的危险函数来模拟数据，尽管浴缸形的危险函数是现实生活中最常见的。因此，必须建立一种具有浴缸形危险函数的串联系统寿命数据的分布模型。在实际应用中，存在由几个独立事件引起的故障情况，并且具有浴缸形的危险函数，例如工程案例和竞争风险。为了解决这个问题，Asgharzadeh等人(2018)提出了Weibull Lindley分布。由于Weibull Lindley分布描述了一个对象的生命周期数据，该对象可能经历由两种可能事件引起的故障。它可以用增加、减少和浴盆形的危险函数对数据进行建模。Asgharzadeh et al.(2018)只展示了Weibull Lindley分布在医疗领域的建模，这是竞争风险数据。本文讨论了Weibull - Lindley分布的形成过程、分布的性质以及用极大似然方法进行参数估计。此外，还讨论了威布尔林德利分布在工程领域的应用，即机器的寿命数据由两个独立的组件串联而成。
{"title":"Weibull Lindley distribution","authors":"D. A. Magfira, D. Lestari, S. Nurrohmah","doi":"10.1063/5.0059262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0059262","url":null,"abstract":"In reliability systems, there are known two types of systems namely series systems and parallel systems. In the series system, failure will occur if any of the possible events happen. Applications of the series system analysis also varies from inspecting the durability of manufactured products to examining diseases in human. Therefore, several distributions have been introduced to model failure data in series system. However, these distributions cannot model data with bathtub shaped hazard function even though it is the one mostly found in real life situation. As a result, distribution which can model lifetime data in series system with bathtub-shaped hazard function has to be developed. In real life application, there is condition where failure could occur caused by several independent events and has a bathtub shaped hazard function, for example engineering cases and competing risk. Weibull Lindley distribution, which was introduced by Asgharzadeh et al. (2018), is developed to solve the problem. As Weibull Lindley distribution describes lifetime data of an object that can experience failure caused by 2 possible events. It can model data with increasing, decreasing and bathtub shaped hazard function. Asgharzadeh et al. (2018) only show the modeling of Weibull Lindley distribution in medical field which is competing risk data. This paper discusses the process of forming the Weibull Lindley distribution, its properties and parameter estimation using the maximum likelihood method. In addition, the application of Weibull Lindley distribution in engineering field which is the lifetime data of machine consists of two independent components paired in series also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":20561,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES 2020 (ISCPMS 2020)","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80948406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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