Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381253
S. Mondal
Recently, nanocellulosic materials have been received significant research interest as potential nanofiller for the reinforcements in the polymer matrices due to its renewable in nature, readily av...
近年来，纳米纤维素材料因其可再生、易降解、易降解等特性而成为聚合物基体增强材料的潜在纳米填料。
{"title":"Review on Nanocellulose Polymer Nanocomposites","authors":"S. Mondal","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381253","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, nanocellulosic materials have been received significant research interest as potential nanofiller for the reinforcements in the polymer matrices due to its renewable in nature, readily av...","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"1377-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84096806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381251
J. G. Martínez‐Colunga, S. Sánchez-Valdes, L. Ramos-deValle, O. Pérez‐Camacho, E. Ramírez‐Vargas, R. Benavides-Cantu, C. Ávila‐Orta, V. J. Cruz‐Delgado, J. M. Mata-Padilla, T. Lozano‐Ramírez, A. Espinoza-Martinez
ABSTRACTMaleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) was reacted with aniline (NH2C6H5) to produce PP-g-NHC6H5 and used as a compatibilizer in polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the reaction between PP-g-MA and aniline. PP-g-NHC6H5 resulted a better compatibilizer than PP-g-MA, producing good dispersion and homogeneous distribution of the carbon nanotubes with less agglomerates, as observed by SEM analysis. Improved dispersion and distribution is assumed to be due to the π–π interactions between the –C6H5 ring in the prepared compatibilizer and the hexagonal carbon structure in the nanotubes. In addition, a higher degree of crystallinity (12%) was promoted, since it was favored by π–π interactions. This achieved higher crystallinity promoted an increase in tensile modulus, with only slight changes in tensile strength but with an adverse effect on elongation at break.
{"title":"Aniline-Modified Polypropylene as a Compatibilizer in Polypropylene Carbon Nanotube Composites","authors":"J. G. Martínez‐Colunga, S. Sánchez-Valdes, L. Ramos-deValle, O. Pérez‐Camacho, E. Ramírez‐Vargas, R. Benavides-Cantu, C. Ávila‐Orta, V. J. Cruz‐Delgado, J. M. Mata-Padilla, T. Lozano‐Ramírez, A. Espinoza-Martinez","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381251","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTMaleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) was reacted with aniline (NH2C6H5) to produce PP-g-NHC6H5 and used as a compatibilizer in polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the reaction between PP-g-MA and aniline. PP-g-NHC6H5 resulted a better compatibilizer than PP-g-MA, producing good dispersion and homogeneous distribution of the carbon nanotubes with less agglomerates, as observed by SEM analysis. Improved dispersion and distribution is assumed to be due to the π–π interactions between the –C6H5 ring in the prepared compatibilizer and the hexagonal carbon structure in the nanotubes. In addition, a higher degree of crystallinity (12%) was promoted, since it was favored by π–π interactions. This achieved higher crystallinity promoted an increase in tensile modulus, with only slight changes in tensile strength but with an adverse effect on elongation at break.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"1360-1366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76343188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381245
E. Bementa, G. Okram, M. Rajan
The impedance of well-characterized KI-incorporated glucosyl carboxonium ion-based biopolymer crust electrolytes up to a maximum 2.7 wt% was measured using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Enhanced ionic conductivity of 2.3657 × 10−2 S cm−1 on the addition of 2.7 wt% of KI was observed in contrast to earlier reported value for pure GCI of 4.5278 × 10−4 S cm−1. This is attributed due to the increased concentration of KI in the system and is corroborated with increased ion density (n), mobility (µ), and diffusion coefficients (D). Dielectric and modulus study shows the capacitive nature of electrolyte. Fabricated dye-sensitized solar cell using pure glucosyl carboxonium ion crust and KI-incorporated glucosyl carboxonium ion crust shows the efficiency of 1.19% for pure and shows the efficiency of 2.14% for 2.6 wt% of KI in glucosyl carboxonium ion at 1 sun condition.
利用电阻抗谱法测量了表征良好的ki -葡萄糖基羧基离子基生物聚合物外壳电解质的阻抗，最大可达2.7 wt%。与之前报道的纯GCI的4.5278 × 10−4 S cm−1相比，在添加2.7 wt%的KI时，离子电导率提高了2.3657 × 10−2 S cm−1。这是由于系统中KI浓度的增加，离子密度(n)、迁移率(µ)和扩散系数(D)的增加也证实了这一点。介电和模量研究显示了电解质的电容性。在1个太阳条件下，用纯葡萄糖基碳鎓离子壳和KI掺杂的葡萄糖基碳鎓离子壳制备的染料敏化太阳能电池，纯葡萄糖基碳鎓离子壳的效率为1.19%，KI掺杂2.6 wt%葡萄糖基碳鎓离子壳的效率为2.14%。
{"title":"Ionic Conductivity and Power Conversion Efficiency Study of KI Incorporated Glucosyl Carboxonium Ion-based Biopolymer Crust Electrolyte","authors":"E. Bementa, G. Okram, M. Rajan","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381245","url":null,"abstract":"The impedance of well-characterized KI-incorporated glucosyl carboxonium ion-based biopolymer crust electrolytes up to a maximum 2.7 wt% was measured using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Enhanced ionic conductivity of 2.3657 × 10−2 S cm−1 on the addition of 2.7 wt% of KI was observed in contrast to earlier reported value for pure GCI of 4.5278 × 10−4 S cm−1. This is attributed due to the increased concentration of KI in the system and is corroborated with increased ion density (n), mobility (µ), and diffusion coefficients (D). Dielectric and modulus study shows the capacitive nature of electrolyte. Fabricated dye-sensitized solar cell using pure glucosyl carboxonium ion crust and KI-incorporated glucosyl carboxonium ion crust shows the efficiency of 1.19% for pure and shows the efficiency of 2.14% for 2.6 wt% of KI in glucosyl carboxonium ion at 1 sun condition.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"64 3 1","pages":"1303-1312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88462194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381246
A. Heidari, S. Talebi, M. Rezaei, Hasan Keshavarz-Mirzamohamadi, Elchin Jafariyeh-Yazdi
ABSTRACTWe address the immobilization of single-site catalyst on the graphite oxide (GO) surface using methylaluminoxane. Ethylene polymerization was performed using the immobilized catalyst and the nanocomposite of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/GO with less entanglement density was obtained. It was observed that the drawability, mechanical and thermal properties of the produced polymer significantly are affected by the anchoring of polymer chains to the GO nanosheets. The orientation and location of crystalline lamellae and nanosheets were verified by microscopic techniques. Besides, X-ray analysis demonstrated the dispersion of GO within the UHMWPE phase and crystallinity of UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites enhanced during drawing process.
{"title":"In Situ Synthesis of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Using the Immobilized Single-site Catalyst","authors":"A. Heidari, S. Talebi, M. Rezaei, Hasan Keshavarz-Mirzamohamadi, Elchin Jafariyeh-Yazdi","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381246","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTWe address the immobilization of single-site catalyst on the graphite oxide (GO) surface using methylaluminoxane. Ethylene polymerization was performed using the immobilized catalyst and the nanocomposite of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/GO with less entanglement density was obtained. It was observed that the drawability, mechanical and thermal properties of the produced polymer significantly are affected by the anchoring of polymer chains to the GO nanosheets. The orientation and location of crystalline lamellae and nanosheets were verified by microscopic techniques. Besides, X-ray analysis demonstrated the dispersion of GO within the UHMWPE phase and crystallinity of UHMWPE/GO nanocomposites enhanced during drawing process.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":"1313-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87067011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381244
S. Varnagiris, J. Donėlienė, S. Tučkutė, J. Cesniene, M. Lelis, D. Milčius
ABSTRACTConventional expanded polystyrene can absorb moisture, which significantly degrades its properties. In the present study, it was demonstrated that SiO2 can be deposited on polystyrene beads before pre-expansion and molding steps. Under the applied test conditions, expanded polystyrene with nanocrystalline SiO2 additives had approximately 10% lower moisture adsorption and an 8.4% better resistance to deformation. Expanded polystyrene analysis suggested that the observed improvements were caused by the hydrophobic nature of nanocrystalline SiO2 and, even more importantly, because SiO2 acted as an amalgamation catalyst and significantly increased adhesion between the expanded polystyrene beads during the expanded polystyrene molding process.
{"title":"Expanded Polystyrene Foam Formed from Polystyrene Beads Coated with a Nanocrystalline SiO2 Film and the Analysis of Its Moisture Adsorption and Resistance to Mechanical Stress","authors":"S. Varnagiris, J. Donėlienė, S. Tučkutė, J. Cesniene, M. Lelis, D. Milčius","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTConventional expanded polystyrene can absorb moisture, which significantly degrades its properties. In the present study, it was demonstrated that SiO2 can be deposited on polystyrene beads before pre-expansion and molding steps. Under the applied test conditions, expanded polystyrene with nanocrystalline SiO2 additives had approximately 10% lower moisture adsorption and an 8.4% better resistance to deformation. Expanded polystyrene analysis suggested that the observed improvements were caused by the hydrophobic nature of nanocrystalline SiO2 and, even more importantly, because SiO2 acted as an amalgamation catalyst and significantly increased adhesion between the expanded polystyrene beads during the expanded polystyrene molding process.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"1296-1302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77836250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381248
P. S. Shisode, C. Patil, P. Mahulikar
ABSTRACTSynthetic self-healing materials are a new prototype in polymeric coatings. In the present investigation, soybean oil along with drier was encapsulated in urea–formaldehyde (UF) microcapsul...
摘要合成自修复材料是高分子涂料中的一种新型材料。本研究将大豆油和干燥剂包封在脲醛(UF)微胶囊中。
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Microcapsules Containing Soybean Oil and Their Application in Self-Healing Anticorrosive Coatings","authors":"P. S. Shisode, C. Patil, P. Mahulikar","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381248","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTSynthetic self-healing materials are a new prototype in polymeric coatings. In the present investigation, soybean oil along with drier was encapsulated in urea–formaldehyde (UF) microcapsul...","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"1334-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82942511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381243
T. Qiang, Jinwu Wang, M. Wolcott
ABSTRACTA solvent-free route was developed to fabricate 100% biobased, renewable, and degradable polylactide (PLA) composites reinforced with ball-milled celluloses. The results show that the original pulp cellulose fibers were modified to partial amorphization through 30-min ball milling. Filling the ball milled celluloses into PLA increased the tensile modulus for the resultant cellulose/PLA composite materials, while decreased their tensile strength and impact resistance. This method can be used to access the cost-efficient PLA-based composite materials with tunable mechanical properties. The variation analysis shows that filling content contributed more to the variations of their mechanical properties than that particle size did.
{"title":"Facile Preparation of Cellulose/Polylactide Composite Materials with Tunable Mechanical Properties","authors":"T. Qiang, Jinwu Wang, M. Wolcott","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381243","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTA solvent-free route was developed to fabricate 100% biobased, renewable, and degradable polylactide (PLA) composites reinforced with ball-milled celluloses. The results show that the original pulp cellulose fibers were modified to partial amorphization through 30-min ball milling. Filling the ball milled celluloses into PLA increased the tensile modulus for the resultant cellulose/PLA composite materials, while decreased their tensile strength and impact resistance. This method can be used to access the cost-efficient PLA-based composite materials with tunable mechanical properties. The variation analysis shows that filling content contributed more to the variations of their mechanical properties than that particle size did.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"1288-1295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85804998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381250
Zhaoguang Wang, Zhengyi Liu, Li Chen, Yiping Zhao, Xia Feng
Temperature-sensitive poly(vinylidene fluoride)-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PVDF-g-PNIPAAm) copolymer was synthesized and its flat membranes were prepared through phase inversion method with ...
{"title":"Influence of Solvent-Evaporation Effect on the Structure and Properties of PVDF-g-PNIPAAm Membranes","authors":"Zhaoguang Wang, Zhengyi Liu, Li Chen, Yiping Zhao, Xia Feng","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381250","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature-sensitive poly(vinylidene fluoride)-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PVDF-g-PNIPAAm) copolymer was synthesized and its flat membranes were prepared through phase inversion method with ...","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":"1352-1359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83367635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381249
S. Moharana, R. N. Mahaling
The dielectric properties of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-modified bismuth ferrite (BFO) particles in the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP) matrix were prepared through solution casting techniques. The composites showed enhanced dielectric constant (90) and reduced dielectric loss (<0.5) at 40 wt% of PVP-modified BFO particles. The dielectric constant of the resultant composites with PVP-modified BFO was much higher as compared to that of unmodified BFO-P(VDF-HFP) composites. The maximum remnant polarization reached (2Pr ∼ 1.12 µC cm−2) in the PVP-modified BFO-P(VDF-HFP) composites. The demonstrated approach might provide a route for using PVP-modified BFO particles to enhance the dielectric and ferroelectric performance of the composites.
采用溶液铸造法制备了聚偏氟乙烯-共六氟丙烯(VDF-HFP)基体中聚乙烯吡啶烷酮(PVP)-改性铋铁氧体(BFO)颗粒的介电性能。当pvp改性BFO颗粒的质量分数为40%时，复合材料的介电常数提高(90)，介电损耗降低(<0.5)。与未改性BFO- p (VDF-HFP)复合材料相比，pvp改性BFO- p复合材料的介电常数要高得多。pvp改性BFO-P(VDF-HFP)复合材料的最大残余极化达到(2Pr ~ 1.12µC cm−2)。该方法可能为使用pvp改性BFO颗粒来提高复合材料的介电和铁电性能提供了一条途径。
{"title":"Poly(Vinylpyrrolidone)-Embedded Bismuth Ferrite—Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-co-Hexafluoropropylene) Composites with Enhanced Dielectric Properties","authors":"S. Moharana, R. N. Mahaling","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381249","url":null,"abstract":"The dielectric properties of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-modified bismuth ferrite (BFO) particles in the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP) matrix were prepared through solution casting techniques. The composites showed enhanced dielectric constant (90) and reduced dielectric loss (<0.5) at 40 wt% of PVP-modified BFO particles. The dielectric constant of the resultant composites with PVP-modified BFO was much higher as compared to that of unmodified BFO-P(VDF-HFP) composites. The maximum remnant polarization reached (2Pr ∼ 1.12 µC cm−2) in the PVP-modified BFO-P(VDF-HFP) composites. The demonstrated approach might provide a route for using PVP-modified BFO particles to enhance the dielectric and ferroelectric performance of the composites.","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"1344-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75063651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-02DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1381252
Z. Mirzakhanian, M. Hasani, K. Faghihi
Synthesis of bio-based polyamide/acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites (PA/FCNT NCs) is reported in this investigation. New aliphatic–aromatic bio-based polyamide (PA) was ...
{"title":"Synthesis of Bio-Based Polyamide/Acid-Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites Using Vanillin","authors":"Z. Mirzakhanian, M. Hasani, K. Faghihi","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1381252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1381252","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of bio-based polyamide/acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites (PA/FCNT NCs) is reported in this investigation. New aliphatic–aromatic bio-based polyamide (PA) was ...","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"122 1","pages":"1367-1376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87977637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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