Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1329432
Zainathul Akhmar Salim Abdul Salim, A. Hassan, H. Ismail
ABSTRACT This review article is aimed at reporting the recent development of hybrid fillers used in vulcanized rubber. This review will consider the synergistic effect of rubber hybrid composites that consist exclusively of conventional fillers; carbon black and/or silica as the primary filler, which are combined with secondary fillers from various sources. The discussions are mainly focused on the analyses and comparisons of the curing characteristics, morphology, and mechanical properties of the rubber composite-filled hybrid fillers. The compatibility and the existence of synergistic effects between the different types of fillers show the potential for development and application in rubber industries. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"A Review on Hybrid Fillers in Rubber Composites","authors":"Zainathul Akhmar Salim Abdul Salim, A. Hassan, H. Ismail","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1329432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1329432","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This review article is aimed at reporting the recent development of hybrid fillers used in vulcanized rubber. This review will consider the synergistic effect of rubber hybrid composites that consist exclusively of conventional fillers; carbon black and/or silica as the primary filler, which are combined with secondary fillers from various sources. The discussions are mainly focused on the analyses and comparisons of the curing characteristics, morphology, and mechanical properties of the rubber composite-filled hybrid fillers. The compatibility and the existence of synergistic effects between the different types of fillers show the potential for development and application in rubber industries. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":"523 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76354899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1329435
Suprio R. Paul, S. Nayak, Y. Yogalakshmi, V. Singh, Archana Rath, I. Banerjee, A. Anis, K. Pal
ABSTRACT The present study reports the analysis of properties of tamarind gum-based hydroethanolic physical hydrogels. The extent of hydrogen bonding in hydrogels decreased with an increase in tamarind gum content. The hydrogel with the highest tamarind gum content was found to be highly stable in terms of mechanical properties. There was a decrease in the resistive component of the hydrogels with an increase in tamarind gum content. The drug release from the hydrogels increased with an increase in the tamarind gum content. The antimicrobial activity of the drug-loaded hydrogels against Escherichia coli was excellent. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Understanding the Effect of Tamarind Gum Proportion on the Properties of Tamarind Gum-Based Hydroethanolic Physical Hydrogels","authors":"Suprio R. Paul, S. Nayak, Y. Yogalakshmi, V. Singh, Archana Rath, I. Banerjee, A. Anis, K. Pal","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1329435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1329435","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study reports the analysis of properties of tamarind gum-based hydroethanolic physical hydrogels. The extent of hydrogen bonding in hydrogels decreased with an increase in tamarind gum content. The hydrogel with the highest tamarind gum content was found to be highly stable in terms of mechanical properties. There was a decrease in the resistive component of the hydrogels with an increase in tamarind gum content. The drug release from the hydrogels increased with an increase in the tamarind gum content. The antimicrobial activity of the drug-loaded hydrogels against Escherichia coli was excellent. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"540 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88475874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1329439
Shuxin Song, Yu Wang, Min Liang, Xiaojing Qi, Jinjun Yang, Ye Jin, Tungalag Dong
ABSTRACT In this work, poly(L-lactic acid) film was coated with SiOx by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with different deposition times. Compared with the neat poly(L-lactic acid) film, the oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water vapor permeability of the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film (depositing for 60 min) decreased by 40.7, 30.6, 58.7, and 53.4% at 25°C, respectively. After treated by the SiOx deposition, the gas permselectivity of the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film, such as α(CO2/O2), α(O2/N2), and α(CO2/N2), increased by 17.2, 43.9, and 67.5% at 25°C, respectively. In addition, Young’s modulus and tensile strength of poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film increased by 107.2 and 49.3%, respectively. Moreover, the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 films still kept good toughness with an elongation at break of 50.7%. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Mechanical and Gas Barrier Properties of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of SiOx","authors":"Shuxin Song, Yu Wang, Min Liang, Xiaojing Qi, Jinjun Yang, Ye Jin, Tungalag Dong","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1329439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1329439","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this work, poly(L-lactic acid) film was coated with SiOx by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with different deposition times. Compared with the neat poly(L-lactic acid) film, the oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water vapor permeability of the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film (depositing for 60 min) decreased by 40.7, 30.6, 58.7, and 53.4% at 25°C, respectively. After treated by the SiOx deposition, the gas permselectivity of the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film, such as α(CO2/O2), α(O2/N2), and α(CO2/N2), increased by 17.2, 43.9, and 67.5% at 25°C, respectively. In addition, Young’s modulus and tensile strength of poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 film increased by 107.2 and 49.3%, respectively. Moreover, the poly(L-lactic acid)/SiOx60 films still kept good toughness with an elongation at break of 50.7%. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"581 - 590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79223175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1329436
Ayesha Kausar
ABSTRACT Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is a unique type of nanofiller, i.e., structurally much similar to nanoclay, whereas geometrically analogous to carbon nanotube. Due to nanosize, surface area, low cost, and natural availability, HNT offers up to date latent for polymeric nanocomposite. Polymer/HNT nanocomposites have been prepared using different techniques; however, melt mixing technique was widely used. Thermal stability, mechanical robustness, and nonflammability of polymer nanocomposite have been found to increase by HNT addition. Application areas discovered so far include materials for flame retardancy, stimuli-response, anticorrosion, dye removal, and drug delivery. Future research is desired to expand the potential of polymer/HNT nanocomposite. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Review on Polymer/Halloysite Nanotube Nanocomposite","authors":"Ayesha Kausar","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1329436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1329436","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is a unique type of nanofiller, i.e., structurally much similar to nanoclay, whereas geometrically analogous to carbon nanotube. Due to nanosize, surface area, low cost, and natural availability, HNT offers up to date latent for polymeric nanocomposite. Polymer/HNT nanocomposites have been prepared using different techniques; however, melt mixing technique was widely used. Thermal stability, mechanical robustness, and nonflammability of polymer nanocomposite have been found to increase by HNT addition. Application areas discovered so far include materials for flame retardancy, stimuli-response, anticorrosion, dye removal, and drug delivery. Future research is desired to expand the potential of polymer/HNT nanocomposite. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"548 - 564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79996065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1329438
Ayesha Kausar, Shoaib Anwar
ABSTRACT This up-to-date review comprehends the research performed on three important types of thermoplastic polymers, i.e., polyamide, polyimide, and poly(amide-imide). Graphite has been discussed as indispensable nanofiller to form significant categories of polyamide/graphite, polyimide/graphite, and poly(amide-imide)/graphite nanocomposite. Main focus of this review was to outline the properties and potential of these polymers and their composites. Studies have demonstrated considerable enhancement in the strength, thermal, electrical, rheology, and wear properties of these polymers upon graphite addition. Significance of polyamide, polyimide, poly(amide-imide), and graphite-based composites have been discussed keeping in view the challenges and future demands for contemporary technical applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Graphite Filler-Based Nanocomposites with Thermoplastic Polymers: A Review","authors":"Ayesha Kausar, Shoaib Anwar","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1329438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1329438","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This up-to-date review comprehends the research performed on three important types of thermoplastic polymers, i.e., polyamide, polyimide, and poly(amide-imide). Graphite has been discussed as indispensable nanofiller to form significant categories of polyamide/graphite, polyimide/graphite, and poly(amide-imide)/graphite nanocomposite. Main focus of this review was to outline the properties and potential of these polymers and their composites. Studies have demonstrated considerable enhancement in the strength, thermal, electrical, rheology, and wear properties of these polymers upon graphite addition. Significance of polyamide, polyimide, poly(amide-imide), and graphite-based composites have been discussed keeping in view the challenges and future demands for contemporary technical applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"284 1","pages":"565 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85235236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1332205
M. Ghorbani, S. Fazli, Mohammad Soleimani Lashkenari
ABSTRACT In this paper, an excellent new hybrid coating including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyaniline (PANI), and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) was obtained. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using coprecipitation method, and then magnetite nanoparticles have been dispersed into the PANI to increase compatibility with PMMA. Also, PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites were synthesized through in situ emulsion polymerization, and then PMMA/PANI/Fe3O4 hybrid coating was successfully synthesized using batch emulsion polymerization method. Structure, morphology and thermal stability of the samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesized samples were well distributed with an average diameter smaller than 20 nm. Microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results illustrated a great dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles in hybrid matrix. Moreover, the TGA results demonstrated that the PMMA/PANI/Fe3O4 hybrid coating nanoparticle is an excellent hybrid coating with high thermal resistance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Fabrication of PMMA/PANI/Fe3O4 as a Novel Conducting Hybrid Coating","authors":"M. Ghorbani, S. Fazli, Mohammad Soleimani Lashkenari","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1332205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1332205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, an excellent new hybrid coating including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyaniline (PANI), and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) was obtained. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using coprecipitation method, and then magnetite nanoparticles have been dispersed into the PANI to increase compatibility with PMMA. Also, PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites were synthesized through in situ emulsion polymerization, and then PMMA/PANI/Fe3O4 hybrid coating was successfully synthesized using batch emulsion polymerization method. Structure, morphology and thermal stability of the samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesized samples were well distributed with an average diameter smaller than 20 nm. Microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results illustrated a great dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles in hybrid matrix. Moreover, the TGA results demonstrated that the PMMA/PANI/Fe3O4 hybrid coating nanoparticle is an excellent hybrid coating with high thermal resistance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"591 - 599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84700202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-27DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1326139
Navneet Mishra, B. Kandasubramanian
ABSTRACT Nacre, the iridescent material found in the innermost layer of seashells, having high strength and toughness was obtained from relatively weak constituents. The excellent mechanical performance of this biological material originates from its hierarchically ordered arrangement of well-tailored hard and soft building blocks. Incorporating these structures into composites is as alluring as conventional engineering materials often sacrifice strength to improve toughness. The unique mechanical properties originated from multiscale deformation regime involving solid-state self-organization process lead efficient energy dissipation which leads to high toughness, these multiscale biological assemblies inspire new synthesis route of complex materials. In this review, we study various mechanisms involved in toughening, methods used in mimicking nacre structure and various strategies for fabricating nacreous architecture which has gleaned new avenues for self-standing, strong, and advanced toughened material. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Biomimetic Design of Artificial Materials Inspired by Iridescent Nacre Structure and Its Growth Mechanism","authors":"Navneet Mishra, B. Kandasubramanian","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1326139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1326139","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nacre, the iridescent material found in the innermost layer of seashells, having high strength and toughness was obtained from relatively weak constituents. The excellent mechanical performance of this biological material originates from its hierarchically ordered arrangement of well-tailored hard and soft building blocks. Incorporating these structures into composites is as alluring as conventional engineering materials often sacrifice strength to improve toughness. The unique mechanical properties originated from multiscale deformation regime involving solid-state self-organization process lead efficient energy dissipation which leads to high toughness, these multiscale biological assemblies inspire new synthesis route of complex materials. In this review, we study various mechanisms involved in toughening, methods used in mimicking nacre structure and various strategies for fabricating nacreous architecture which has gleaned new avenues for self-standing, strong, and advanced toughened material. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"56 1","pages":"1592 - 1606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90007215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-24DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1324575
M. Zaman, Muhammad Hanif, M. A. Khan
ABSTRACT In the current study, a natural pharmaceutical excipient, arabinoxylan, was extracted from ispaghula husk and used to develop controlled release of mucoadhesive oral films of tizanidine hydrochloride. Film formulations were designed and optimized by central composite rotatable design, selecting arabinoxylan (X1) and glycerol (X2) as variables. Prepared films were evaluated for chemical compatibility of the ingredients, surface morphology, mechanical strength, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation and ex vivo mucoadhesion strength. Results revealed that selected ingredients were compatible and quite capable of producing films with desired characteristics. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Arabinoxylan-Based Mucoadhesive Oral Films of Tizanidine HCL Designed and Optimized Using Central Composite Rotatable Design","authors":"M. Zaman, Muhammad Hanif, M. A. Khan","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1324575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1324575","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the current study, a natural pharmaceutical excipient, arabinoxylan, was extracted from ispaghula husk and used to develop controlled release of mucoadhesive oral films of tizanidine hydrochloride. Film formulations were designed and optimized by central composite rotatable design, selecting arabinoxylan (X1) and glycerol (X2) as variables. Prepared films were evaluated for chemical compatibility of the ingredients, surface morphology, mechanical strength, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation and ex vivo mucoadhesion strength. Results revealed that selected ingredients were compatible and quite capable of producing films with desired characteristics. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"471 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77014729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-24DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2016.1260732
P. Pandey, I. Banerjee, A. Anis, K. Pal
ABSTRACT The present study reports the in-depth analysis of the gelatin–carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels. The composite system formed phase-separated hydrogels, which is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The swelling of the carboxymethyl chitosan-containing hydrogels was lower than the gelatin hydrogel. Macroscale deformation study using a static mechanical tester indicated a viscoelastic nature of the hydrogels. A decrease in the impedance of the hydrogels was observed with an increase in the carboxymethyl chitosan content. The drug release from the hydrogels was predominantly Fickian diffusion mediated and was released in its active form. The results suggested the potential use of the hydrogels as drug delivery matrices. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"An Insight on the Swelling, Viscoelastic, Electrical, and Drug Release Properties of Gelatin–Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogels","authors":"P. Pandey, I. Banerjee, A. Anis, K. Pal","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2016.1260732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2016.1260732","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study reports the in-depth analysis of the gelatin–carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels. The composite system formed phase-separated hydrogels, which is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The swelling of the carboxymethyl chitosan-containing hydrogels was lower than the gelatin hydrogel. Macroscale deformation study using a static mechanical tester indicated a viscoelastic nature of the hydrogels. A decrease in the impedance of the hydrogels was observed with an increase in the carboxymethyl chitosan content. The drug release from the hydrogels was predominantly Fickian diffusion mediated and was released in its active form. The results suggested the potential use of the hydrogels as drug delivery matrices. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"18 6 1","pages":"404 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83194794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-24DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2016.1233272
A. Sharma, M. Pandey, Moumita Khutia, Girish M. Joshi, M. T. Cuberes
ABSTRACT Polymer composites made of carbon allotropes were highly crucial for various engineering applications. We demonstrated the successful modification of polyacrilonitrile/polyvinylfloride blends by reinforced graphene nanoplatelets. The atomic force microscopy confirms the partial immiscible traces of polymer systems with asperities on the surface of the modified blends due to loading of graphene. The phase angle (Ɵ) measurement across the temperature (40–150°C) with the broadband frequency (50–35 MHz) is performed using the impedance analyzer. The results demonstrated the decrease in phase angle as a function of temperature. This investigation is highly suitable for the development of thermal sensor for engineering and health applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Development of Thermal Sensor by Reinforced Graphene Nanoplatelets Thermoplastic Blends","authors":"A. Sharma, M. Pandey, Moumita Khutia, Girish M. Joshi, M. T. Cuberes","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2016.1233272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2016.1233272","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polymer composites made of carbon allotropes were highly crucial for various engineering applications. We demonstrated the successful modification of polyacrilonitrile/polyvinylfloride blends by reinforced graphene nanoplatelets. The atomic force microscopy confirms the partial immiscible traces of polymer systems with asperities on the surface of the modified blends due to loading of graphene. The phase angle (Ɵ) measurement across the temperature (40–150°C) with the broadband frequency (50–35 MHz) is performed using the impedance analyzer. The results demonstrated the decrease in phase angle as a function of temperature. This investigation is highly suitable for the development of thermal sensor for engineering and health applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"81 1","pages":"380 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85774515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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