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Network Analysis of Psychological Empowerment, Need for Cognition, and Academic Self-Efficacy among Graduate Students.
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-025-10117-x
Abdulaziz Mohammed Alismail, Mazen Saleh Alqurashi, Mazen Omar Almulla

The present study employed network analysis to explore the interrelationships between academic self-efficacy, psychological empowerment, and the need for knowledge at the symptom level among graduate students. Three hundred fifty-three graduate students from King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia (63.5% male, 72.2% in the 25-35 age range) completed the Psychological Empowerment Scale, Need for Cognition Scale (NCS), and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale as self-report measures. Different R-Studio programming software packages, such as "graph," "network tools," and "botnet," were used to analyze the current study's data. The most central node on the network analysis was Self.2 (history of success/failure), with the greatest betweenness (2.18), closeness (1.84), and strength (1.86). This node showed that it was essential for connecting other variables, despite having an expected negative effect (-0.37). Then there was also Psy.4 (impact), which showed a high centrality of betweenness 1.13 and closeness 1.29. Indeed, positive edges for Self.2 (previous successes/failures) and MB (Need for Cognition) (edge weight 0.37) clearly showed that good past experiences increased cognitive activity. A Bridge Betweenness of 10 was the most significant bridge node (Self.4 (university behavior) in the bridge analysis), linking network elements. Bootstrapped confidence intervals proved that these connections remained stable, ensuring the network was robust over resamples. Enhancing graduate students' self-efficacy and psychological empowerment, particularly through positive past experiences, could improve their academic performance and cognitive engagement. Future research should explore the implications of these findings for designing interventions to foster academic success.

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引用次数: 0
Pathway from Earthquake Fear to Post-Traumatic Growth: The Roles of Resilience, Self-Efficacy, and Positive Childhood Memories Among Survivors of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes.
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-025-10113-1
Yakup İme, Rumeysa Hoşoğlu Kama, Nihan Çitemel Arslan

Posttraumatic growth is essential for understanding how individuals process trauma and adapt psychologically in the aftermath of seismic events. This study aims to explore the mediating effects of resilience, self-efficacy, and positive childhood memories on the relationship between fear of earthquakes and post-traumatic growth among survivors of the 2023 Türkiye earthquake (N = 423). The results of a multi-mediation analysis indicated that earthquake fear indirectly influenced post-traumatic growth through resilience, self-efficacy, and positive childhood memories. Consequently, these factors may serve as protective mechanisms promoting post-traumatic growth in earthquake survivors. Implementing strategies to enhance resilience and self-efficacy, as well as fostering positive childhood memories, may be essential for mitigating the adverse effects associated with earthquakes.

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引用次数: 0
Psychometric Properties and Network Analysis of the Arabic Version of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Scale-Short Version in Patients with Anxiety Disorders. 焦虑障碍患者强化敏感性人格量表阿拉伯版-短版的心理测量特征及网络分析。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10109-3
Rasha Mohamed Abdelrahman, Abdulnaser Fakhrou, Mahmoud Ali Moussa, Mohaddeseh Roshan

This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of a short version of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ-S) among a sample of 700 patients with anxiety disorders (53.1% were female). Participants completed the RST-PQ-S, NEO-FFI, Positive Mental Health (PMH), and Kessler Psychological Distress scale. Both Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed to test the construct validity of the scale. This study also utilized a network perspective, incorporating Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) and centrality measures. As a result of the EFA and CFA, it was determined that the scale consists of 22 items and six subdimensions. These subdimensions were named as follows: "Flight Fight-Freeze System", "Behavioral Inhibition System", "Reward Interest", "Reward Reactivity", "Goal-Drive Persistence", and "Impulsivity". Additionally, the network analysis's findings confirmed the six-factor structure derived from the construct validity assessment. The results of this study demonstrated that the Arabic version of the personality scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing personality in Arabic-speaking individuals with anxiety disorders. It has the potential to serve as an important diagnostic instrument in clinical and research settings. These findings may assist psychologists and clinicians in Arabic-speaking countries to better understand how the personality traits and anxiety disorders are related.

本研究以700名焦虑障碍患者(53.1%为女性)为样本,考察了阿拉伯语版人格强化敏感性理论问卷(RST-PQ-S)的心理测量特征。参与者完成RST-PQ-S、NEO-FFI、积极心理健康(PMH)和Kessler心理困扰量表。采用探索性因子分析(EFA)和验证性因子分析(CFA)对量表的结构效度进行检验。本研究也利用网络视角,结合探索性图分析(EGA)和中心性测量。经综合评价和综合评价,确定该量表由22个项目和6个子维度组成。这些子维度分别为:“逃跑-战斗-冻结系统”、“行为抑制系统”、“奖励兴趣”、“奖励反应性”、“目标驱动持久性”和“冲动性”。此外,网络分析的结果证实了建构效度评估得出的六因子结构。本研究的结果表明,阿拉伯语版人格量表是评估阿拉伯语焦虑症患者人格的有效和可靠的工具。它有潜力作为临床和研究环境中的重要诊断工具。这些发现可能有助于阿拉伯语国家的心理学家和临床医生更好地理解人格特征和焦虑症之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
An Exploratory Study about Factors and Outcomes Associated with the Experience of Coercive Measures in Mental Health Settings. 精神卫生机构强制措施经历相关因素和结果的探索性研究。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10110-w
Jesús Herrera-Imbroda, Vera Carbonel-Aranda, Yaiza García-Illanes, Carlos Aguilera-Serrano, Antonio Bordallo-Aragón, Edgar García-Spínola, Daniel Torres-Campos, José María Villagrán, Juan Antonio García-Sanchez, Fermín Mayoral-Cleries, José Guzmán-Parra

Coercive measures are commonly used in mental health settings despite their negative effects. The subjective experience of coercion varies widely, and its short- and long-term health impacts are not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the association between different types of coercive measures experienced during psychiatric hospitalization, the subjective experience of coercion, and both short- and long-term health outcomes. The study included 111 patients from two mental health units who experienced coercive measures (mechanical restraint, involuntary medication, or both). Perceived coercion was assessed during hospitalization. Short-term outcomes (post-traumatic stress and treatment satisfaction) were evaluated before discharge, while long-term outcomes (functionality improvement, risk of readmission, and suicidal behavior) were assessed at five-year follow-up. Perceived coercion was associated with higher post-traumatic stress (p < 0.001) and lower satisfaction with treatment (p < 0.001) in the short term. In the long term, perceived coercion showed no association with functionality, readmission risk, or suicidal behavior. However, combined coercive measures were linked to lower functionality improvement (p = 0.028) and higher readmission risk (p = 0.028) compared to involuntary medication alone. The findings suggest that efforts to reduce negative subjective experiences associated with coercive measures may improve patient satisfaction and reduce trauma risk during hospitalization. Combined coercive measures may be a risk factor for poorer long-term outcomes and should be carefully considered.

尽管强制性措施有负面影响,但在精神卫生机构中普遍使用。对强迫的主观体验差别很大,其对健康的短期和长期影响也没有得到很好的了解。本研究旨在分析精神科住院期间不同类型胁迫措施、胁迫主观体验与短期和长期健康结果之间的关系。该研究包括来自两个精神卫生单位的111名患者,他们经历了强制措施(机械约束,非自愿用药,或两者兼而有之)。住院期间对感知到的胁迫进行了评估。出院前评估短期结果(创伤后应激和治疗满意度),而长期结果(功能改善、再入院风险和自杀行为)在5年随访中评估。感知到的强迫与较高的创伤后应激有关
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引用次数: 0
Network Analysis of Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in Arab Gifted Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. 阿拉伯资优儿童内化和外化症状的网络分析:横断面研究
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-025-10112-2
Ayoub Hamdan Al-Rousan, Mohammad Nayef Ayasrah, Mohamad Ahmad Saleem Khasawneh

The current paper aimed to estimate the network structure of general psychopathology (internalizing and externalizing symptoms/disorders) among 239 gifted children in Jordan. This cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling method was conducted between September 2023 and October 2024 among gifted children aged 7-12. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was employed to assess six symptom clusters: conduct problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant problems as externalizing symptoms, and affective problems, anxiety issues, and somatic complaints as internalizing symptoms. We used the network analysis perspective by graphical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (gLASSO) and the Extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC). These methods were used to determine network structure and important nodes in the estimated network. "Sleeps less" (centrality strength = 2.04, edge weight = 0.33) was the central symptom in the affective cluster. In contrast, "worries" (centrality strength = 1.89, edge weight = 0.28) and "headaches" (centrality strength = 2.35, edge weight = 0.41) were pivotal in the anxiety and somatic clusters, respectively. The findings suggested that these symptoms had critical roles in the context of the general psychopathology among gifted children. Accordingly, the mentioned symptoms should be assessed and targeted among gifted children. Future studies could evaluate the results of targeting these symptoms on gifted children's well-being and daily functions.

本研究旨在评估约旦239名天才儿童一般精神病理(内化和外化症状/障碍)的网络结构。本研究于2023年9月至2024年10月对7-12岁的天才儿童进行了横断面研究。采用儿童行为检查表(CBCL)评估六个症状群:行为问题、注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)和对立违抗性问题作为外化症状,情感问题、焦虑问题和躯体抱怨作为内化症状。我们通过图形最小绝对收缩和选择算子(gLASSO)和扩展贝叶斯信息准则(EBIC)使用网络分析视角。这些方法用于确定网络结构和估计网络中的重要节点。“睡眠不足”是情感类的中心症状(中心性强度= 2.04,边权= 0.33)。相反,“忧虑”(中心性强度= 1.89,边权= 0.28)和“头痛”(中心性强度= 2.35,边权= 0.41)分别在焦虑和躯体群集中起关键作用。研究结果表明,这些症状在天才儿童的一般精神病理中起着关键作用。因此,上述症状应在天才儿童中进行评估和针对性。未来的研究可以评估针对这些症状对天才儿童的健康和日常功能的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Opinion, Use and Knowledge About Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Spain: A National Survey of Mental Health Professionals. 更正:西班牙经颅磁刺激的意见、使用和知识:一项全国心理健康专业人员调查。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10108-4
Pilar Sierra, Yolanda Cañada, Pilar Benavent, Ana Sabater, Josep Ribes, Lorenzo Livianos, Ana Garcia-Blanco
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Changes in Usage of Mental Health Services for Rhode Island Children and Youth Before, During, and After Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic. 在COVID-19大流行发生之前、期间和之后,罗德岛州儿童和青少年心理健康服务使用的患病率和变化
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10103-9
Sharon Zanti, Chenyi Ma

This study reports the prevalence of inpatient, emergency department (ED), and outpatient mental health service usage of children/youth before, during, and after onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island. Additionally, we identify significant changes in usage across these time periods and the prevalence of each service type contingent upon various demographic profiles. This retrospective observational analysis used Rhode Island Medicaid claims to identify the unique children and youth who used inpatient, ED, and outpatient mental health services across three key time periods: pre-onset (March 2019-February 2020); onset (March 2020-February 2021); and post-onset (March 2021-February 2022). We used z-tests to analyze changes in the proportion of children/youth who accessed these services in each period. We examined relationships between demographic characteristics and time period with chi-square tests. Significant decreases in inpatient and ED usage were identified from pre-onset to onset (p < .05). While inpatient nearly returned to pre-pandemic usage in post-onset, ED usage remained lower. Outpatient usage increased significantly leading up to the pandemic but remained at similar levels between pre-onset and post-onset. From pre-onset to post-onset, females grew as a percentage of all inpatient, ED, and outpatient users. Over this same period, the proportion of inpatient users aged 12-18 increased and the proportion of ED and outpatient users aged 19-24 increased. Female usage of mental health services increased significantly, and older children/youth seemed to drive any significant increases. Future public health and disaster preparedness policies should focus on the unique mental health needs of these socially vulnerable groups.

本研究报告了罗德岛州儿童/青少年在COVID-19大流行之前、期间和之后的住院、急诊和门诊精神卫生服务使用率。此外,我们还确定了这些时间段内使用情况的重大变化,以及每种服务类型的流行程度取决于不同的人口统计概况。这项回顾性观察分析使用罗德岛州医疗补助计划的索赔来确定在三个关键时期使用住院、急诊科和门诊精神卫生服务的独特儿童和青少年:发病前(2019年3月- 2020年2月);发病时间(2020年3月- 2021年2月);发病后(2021年3月至2022年2月)。我们使用z检验来分析每个时期访问这些服务的儿童/青少年比例的变化。我们用卡方检验检验了人口统计学特征与时间段之间的关系。从发病前到发病期间,住院病人和急诊科的使用率显著下降(p
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Antidepressant Prescriptions for Community-Dwelling Adults Diagnosed with Depressive Disorder in the UK: A Systematic Review. 英国社区居民中被诊断患有抑郁障碍的成年人的抗抑郁药处方流行率:系统回顾
IF 4.6 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10093-8
Lea Francia, Roberto Mediavilla, Lok Yin Choi, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Riccardo De Giorgi

The UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance for the treatment of depression is widely followed and has international influence. According to these guidelines, antidepressant medications are recommended for moderate to severe depression. Nonetheless, antidepressants are increasingly prescribed, including for cases of subthreshold and mild depression. This may indicate that a proportion of depressed patients uses pharmacological interventions with unclear evidence-base, though other factors such as physical and mental health comorbidities need to be accounted for. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and trends of antidepressant prescriptions among community-dwelling adults diagnosed with depression according to NICE recommendations. We conducted a systematic review of PsycInfo, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus databases. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence of antidepressant treatments in UK adults diagnosed with depression were sought. Fifteen studies were included. The prevalence of antidepressants for depression treatment ranged from 30.8 to 95% and mainly concerned selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) among classes of antidepressant drugs. Little information about depression severity as well as comorbid conditions was reported. High prevalence rates of antidepressant drug use highlight the widespread adoption of pharmacological interventions, while also raising concerns about compliance with NICE guidelines. Careful assessment of depressive illness severity and comorbidities is needed to ensure the delivery of adequate care to people with depression. Systematic Review Registration Number (PROSPERO) CRD42023448152.

英国国家健康与护理卓越研究所(NICE)的抑郁症治疗指南受到广泛关注,并具有国际影响力。根据这些指南,建议中度至重度抑郁症患者服用抗抑郁药物。然而,抗抑郁药物的处方越来越多,包括亚阈值和轻度抑郁症。这可能表明,有一部分抑郁症患者使用了证据基础不明确的药物干预,但也需要考虑其他因素,如身体和精神健康合并症。本研究旨在调查根据 NICE 建议在社区居住的被诊断为抑郁症的成年人中开具抗抑郁药处方的流行率和趋势。我们对 PsycInfo、PubMed/MEDLINE 和 Scopus 数据库进行了系统性回顾。我们寻找了报告英国成年人抑郁症患者接受抗抑郁治疗情况的观察性研究。共纳入 15 项研究。抗抑郁药物治疗抑郁症的流行率从 30.8% 到 95% 不等,主要涉及抗抑郁药物中的选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂 (SSRI)。有关抑郁症严重程度和合并症的信息报告很少。抗抑郁药物的高使用率凸显了药物干预的广泛采用,同时也引起了人们对 NICE 指导方针合规性的关注。需要对抑郁症的严重程度和合并症进行仔细评估,以确保为抑郁症患者提供充分的治疗。系统综述注册编号 (PROSPERO) CRD42023448152。
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引用次数: 0
The Bergen-Yale Sexual Addiction Scale (BYSAS): Longitudinal Measurement Invariance Across a Two-Year Interval. 卑尔根-耶鲁性瘾量表(BYSAS):两年间的纵向测量不变性。
IF 4.6 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10087-6
Rapson Gomez, Taylor Brown, Vasileios Stavropoulos

The Bergen-Yale Sexual Addiction Scale (BYSAS; [1]) is arguably the most popular questionnaire at present for assessing sex addiction. Employing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and treating item scores as ordered categorical, we applied Weighted Least Square Mean and Variance Adjusted Chi-Square (WLSMV) extraction to investigate the longitudinal measurement and structural invariance of ratings on the BYSAS among 276 adults (mean = 31.86 years; SD = 9.94 years; 71% male) over a two-year period, with ratings at three yearly intervals. Overall, there was support for configural invariance, full loading, full threshold, the full unique factor invariance; and all structural (latent variances and covariances) components. Additionally, there was no difference in latent mean scores across the three-time points. The psychometric and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

卑尔根-耶鲁性瘾量表(BYSAS;[1])可以说是目前最流行的性瘾评估问卷。我们采用确证因子分析(CFA)并将项目得分视为有序分类,应用加权最小平方均值和方差调整奇偶校验(WLSMV)抽取法研究了 276 名成年人(平均年龄 = 31.86 岁;标准差 = 9.94 岁;男性占 71%)在两年时间内对 BYSAS 的评分的纵向测量和结构不变性,每三年进行一次评分。总体而言,结果支持构型不变量、全负荷、全阈值、全唯一因子不变量以及所有结构(潜变量和协方差)成分。此外,三个时间点的潜在平均分没有差异。本文讨论了研究结果的心理测量学和实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
A Multiple Mediator Model of Depression, Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep, and Sleep Effort in the Relationship between Psychological Inflexibility and Insomnia in Shift Working Nurses. 轮班护士心理不灵活与失眠关系中的抑郁、睡眠功能失调信念和睡眠努力的多重中介模型。
IF 4.6 4区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10097-4
Myung Hee Ahn, Sooyeon Suh, Seockhoon Chung

The aims of this study were to explore the influence of shift working nursing professionals' psychological inflexibility on their level of insomnia. Additionally, we investigated the mediation effect of depression and sleep-related cognitions on this association. An online survey was conducted among 202 nursing professionals at Asan Medical Center from July to August, 2023. Participants responded to questionnaires including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep - 16 (DBAS-16), Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and the Discrepancy between desired time in bed and desired total sleep time index (DBST index). Pearson's correlation and linear regression were performed to explore the factors predicting ISI scores. Mediation analysis was implemented. Linear regression revealed that insomnia severity was predicted by DBAS-16 (β = 0.15, p = 0.008), GSES (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), and PHQ-9 (β = 0.26, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that the relationship between the psychological inflexibility of shift-working nursing professionals' and insomnia severity was fully mediated by depression, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and sleep effort. Psychological inflexibility does not directly influence insomnia severity, but depression, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and sleep effort fully mediate the relationship.

本研究旨在探讨轮班工作的护理专业人员的心理不灵活性对其失眠程度的影响。此外,我们还研究了抑郁和睡眠相关认知对这一关联的中介效应。我们于 2023 年 7 月至 8 月对牙山医疗中心的 202 名护理专业人员进行了在线调查。参与者回答的问卷包括失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、接受与行动问卷-II(AAQ-II)、睡眠功能障碍信念与态度-16(DBAS-16)、格拉斯哥睡眠努力量表(GSES)、患者健康问卷-9项目(PHQ-9)以及期望在床时间与期望总睡眠时间之间的差异指数(DBST指数)。为了探究预测 ISI 分数的因素,研究人员进行了皮尔逊相关分析和线性回归分析。还进行了中介分析。线性回归结果显示,DBAS-16(β = 0.15,p = 0.008)、GSES(β = 0.48,p
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Psychiatric Quarterly
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