Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.4108/eai.7-12-2021.2314741
S. P., J. J
Silk is possessed with valuable textile materials of unique properties like sheen, softness, luster, elegance, strength, uniformity make it suitable for the production of unique textile and garment products. Compared to other textiles like cotton; silk consists of the functional groups in different aspects suitable in the application of both the acid and the basic mild conditions. Hence, silk could be subjected with the coloration process using various dye categories. With respect to this, it is proposed in the present work to increase the characteristics of domestic mulberry silk fabric by treating with collected sericin along with natural nishing sources like aloevera, amla and nochi in varied combinations followed by coloring process using some specic natural sources. The silk fabrics were then subjected for some specic testing process for measuring the coloration data, fastness characters, hand values, absorption criteria, uv protection aspects, x ray diffraction micrographs and scanning electron microscope images. The results received are in the satisfaction level suitable for the production of textile products especially garment and apparels.
{"title":"A Study on Silk Fabric Applied with Eco-Friendlycolorants for the Enhancement of Textile Properties","authors":"S. P., J. J","doi":"10.4108/eai.7-12-2021.2314741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.7-12-2021.2314741","url":null,"abstract":"Silk is possessed with valuable textile materials of unique properties like sheen, softness, luster, elegance, strength, uniformity make it suitable for\u0000the production of unique textile and garment products. Compared to other textiles like cotton; silk consists of the functional groups in different\u0000aspects suitable in the application of both the acid and the basic mild conditions. Hence, silk could be subjected with the coloration process using\u0000various dye categories. With respect to this, it is proposed in the present work to increase the characteristics of domestic mulberry silk fabric by\u0000treating with collected sericin along with natural nishing sources like aloevera, amla and nochi in varied combinations followed by coloring\u0000process using some specic natural sources. The silk fabrics were then subjected for some specic testing process for measuring the coloration\u0000data, fastness characters, hand values, absorption criteria, uv protection aspects, x ray diffraction micrographs and scanning electron microscope\u0000images. The results received are in the satisfaction level suitable for the production of textile products especially garment and apparels.","PeriodicalId":20712,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the First International Conference on Combinatorial and Optimization, ICCAP 2021, December 7-8 2021, Chennai, India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73051088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dans un air, fort heureusement encore transparent dans nos contrées, le seul caractère que peut en percevoir le public est ce qu’il nomme l’« odeur ». C’est donc l’« odeur » qui devient la cause de tous les maux ressentis. Mais pour pouvoir étudier ce sujet, les chercheurs ont besoin d’un peu plus d’informations que « ça pue ! ». Dans une première étape, il convient de comprendre que ce mot contient de nombreux messages à décrypter : la cause et ses caractéristiques, ses effets sur le riverain qui y ajoute son apport personnel. Ensuite, après avoir fait un tour d’horizon de ce qu’il se fait habituellement au moyen de jurys de nez sous différentes formes et jusqu’aux « nez électroniques », l’article montre la nécessité de trouver un outil tangible qui permette de partager, de manière rationnelle, les informations et de croiser les différents types de données recueillies. Il se concentre seulement sur une fraction de l’odeur globale : la perception stricte de l’odorité qui peut alors être décrite de manière objective après une formation adéquate des sujets. Cette approche montre que l’emploi du langage du Champ des odeurs, développé il y a quarante ans, apporte toute son efficacité en l’utilisant dans des protocoles adaptés. L’auteur partage une expérience riche dans le domaine de l’environnement. L’obtention des profils olfactifs spécifiques des sources ou de l’air respiré par les habitants a permis de distinguer les objets odorants, d’en reconnaître les sources et les composés qui en sont responsables ainsi que d’en apprécier les relations avec les ressentis de la population. Il n’en demeure pas moins que les différentes approches ont chacune leur signification et leur intérêt, mais il convient d’éviter l’erreur de vouloir trouver toutes les réponses avec une seule de ces démarches.
{"title":"Le caractère odorant de la pollution de l’air","authors":"J. Jaubert","doi":"10.36904/tsm/202207025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202207025","url":null,"abstract":"Dans un air, fort heureusement encore transparent dans nos contrées, le seul caractère que\u0000peut en percevoir le public est ce qu’il nomme l’« odeur ». C’est donc l’« odeur » qui devient la cause de tous\u0000les maux ressentis. Mais pour pouvoir étudier ce sujet, les chercheurs ont besoin d’un peu plus\u0000d’informations que « ça pue ! ». Dans une première étape, il convient de comprendre que ce mot contient de\u0000nombreux messages à décrypter : la cause et ses caractéristiques, ses effets sur le riverain qui y ajoute son\u0000apport personnel. Ensuite, après avoir fait un tour d’horizon de ce qu’il se fait habituellement au moyen de\u0000jurys de nez sous différentes formes et jusqu’aux « nez électroniques », l’article montre la nécessité de\u0000trouver un outil tangible qui permette de partager, de manière rationnelle, les informations et de croiser les\u0000différents types de données recueillies. Il se concentre seulement sur une fraction de l’odeur globale : la\u0000perception stricte de l’odorité qui peut alors être décrite de manière objective après une formation adéquate\u0000des sujets. Cette approche montre que l’emploi du langage du Champ des odeurs, développé il y a quarante\u0000ans, apporte toute son efficacité en l’utilisant dans des protocoles adaptés. L’auteur partage une expérience\u0000riche dans le domaine de l’environnement. L’obtention des profils olfactifs spécifiques des sources ou de l’air\u0000respiré par les habitants a permis de distinguer les objets odorants, d’en reconnaître les sources et les\u0000composés qui en sont responsables ainsi que d’en apprécier les relations avec les ressentis de la population.\u0000Il n’en demeure pas moins que les différentes approches ont chacune leur signification et leur intérêt, mais\u0000il convient d’éviter l’erreur de vouloir trouver toutes les réponses avec une seule de ces démarches.","PeriodicalId":20712,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the First International Conference on Combinatorial and Optimization, ICCAP 2021, December 7-8 2021, Chennai, India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80963654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kadri, K. Houd-Chaker, M. F. Samar, L. Mebirouk-Boudechiche, H. Nasri
En agriculture ; la question de la qualité de l’eau se pose essentiellement en termes de consommation animale et d’irrigation, la mauvaise qualité de l’eau peut être induite par des activités anthropiques ou par des phénomènes naturels. Dans le cadre de la gestion de l’eau pour le bétail et spécialement les vaches laitières, un programme portant sur la qualité des eaux utilisées dans les exploitations d’élevage est mené. L’objectif de ce programme est d’établir un diagnostic qualitatif des eaux utilisées pour l’abreuvement des bovins laitiers. L’analyse physico-chimique et bactériologique demeure un outil incontournable de l’enquête sanitaire, car elle permet de mettre en évidence la pollution de l’eau et également de contrôler l’efficacité des mesures de protection ou de traitement adoptées par les éleveurs. Le diagnostic qualitatif établi permet alors de mettre en oeuvre des traitements raisonnés des eaux et cela pour chaque type de source. Pour ce faire, 20 exploitations d’élevage privées modernes ont été sélectionnées sur deux zones agroécologiques au niveau de la wilaya d’El Tarf (Algérie). L’évaluation d’une batterie de paramètres physico-chimiques et bactériologiques, relative au contrôle qualitatif des eaux d’abreuvement de cette catégorie d’animaux d’élevage, a été réalisée sur 120 échantillons au total. Le bilan physico-chimique établi révèle une composition minérale variée, comprenant aussi bien des éléments naturels d’origine géochimique que des polluants dus aux rejets domestiques et/ou agricoles. Les paramètres indicateurs de la pollution organique témoignent essentiellement d’une eutrophisation phosphorée et/ou azotée considérable au niveau de 40 % des sources d’eau analysées. Néanmoins, les eaux des réseaux publics et des forages sont généralement indemnes de cette pollution et sont de ce fait caractérisées par une bonne oxygénation et ainsi considérées de bonne qualité sur le plan physicochimique. Néanmoins, le bilan bactériologique témoigne d’une contamination des sources étudiées, plus marquée au niveau des eaux de surface des oueds et souterraines des puits.
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C. Defo, V. DANG MVONGO, A. NARE RAYIM WENDÉ, P.F. NGUEMA NGUEMA, B. Efon, A.L. KAMEGNE KAMTOH, J. Domdjang
Cette étude vise à analyser la dynamique de l’occupation des sols dans le bassin versant de la rivière Kienké (Cameroun) et leurs effets sur les ressources en eau de surface. Il s’agit plus précisément de détecter les changements de l’occupation des sols dans le bassin versant à partir des données satellitaires multidates, et d’identifier les conséquences de la dynamique d’occupation des sols sur la qualité de l’eau de surface ainsi que sur la gestion des ressources en eau dans le bassin versant de la Kienké. L’analyse des changements spatio-temporels de l’occupation des sols a comporté les opérations suivantes : 1) traitement des images satellitaires comparées à plusieurs dates (2001, 2009 et 2019), 2) élaboration des cartes d’occupation des sols, 3) et estimation des superficies des classes d’occupation des sols. Les données sur la qualité de l’eau ont été collectées à travers des prélèvements de cinq échantillons d’eau de la Kienké analysés au laboratoire. Les résultats montrent une régression de 13 % du couvert forestier et des plans d’eau au profit des zones anthropisées (palmeraies, tissus urbains, zone rurale, sol nu, etc.). Cette dynamique est influencée par des facteurs d’ordre anthropiques à l’instar de la croissance démographique, l’accroissement des activités économiques, l’exploitation forestière et l’expansion de l’agriculture. Ces facteurs sont interdépendants et aucun d’eux ne peut être analysé séparément. Les résultats suggèrent également que la qualité de l’eau de la Kienké se dégrade de l’amont vers l’aval, en raison de l’augmentation des quantités d’eaux usées due à la croissance démographique, à l’accroissement de l’activité économique, à l’expansion de l’agriculture et au rejet d’eaux usées sans aucun traitement.
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Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/007
F. Orestano
It seems that in recent years criticism has been eagerly focusing on ‘transgression’ and ‘transgressive’ as keywords that enlarge the epistemic horizon, allowing the scholar’s gaze to descry areas previously untouched, or explored with a different cultural bias. In the literary domain, as an intentional act that involves trespassing, and the breaking of rules performed in explicit ways, transgression is often linked to language and form, and also to questions of gender, politics, social behaviour. The following articles, while dwelling on transgression, locate it within the area of children’s fiction, thus operating a first preliminary transgression, inasmuch as this kind of literature has been traditionally moulded by the romantic and pastoral fallacy of childhood as an innocent, untainted, happy condition, and, in turn, by the Victorian cult of the child that thrived on aesthetically idealized representations of childhood and youth, teeming with sound moral principles, healthy didacticism, excellent examples of virtue.
{"title":"Transgression vs the Politically Correct: Phases and Faces of a Core Category in Children’s Literature","authors":"F. Orestano","doi":"10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/007","url":null,"abstract":"It seems that in recent years criticism has been eagerly focusing on ‘transgression’ and ‘transgressive’ as keywords that enlarge the epistemic horizon, allowing the scholar’s gaze to descry areas previously untouched, or explored with a different cultural bias. In the literary domain, as an intentional act that involves trespassing, and the breaking of rules performed in explicit ways, transgression is often linked to language and form, and also to questions of gender, politics, social behaviour. The following articles, while dwelling on transgression, locate it within the area of children’s fiction, thus operating a first preliminary transgression, inasmuch as this kind of literature has been traditionally moulded by the romantic and pastoral fallacy of childhood as an innocent, untainted, happy condition, and, in turn, by the Victorian cult of the child that thrived on aesthetically idealized representations of childhood and youth, teeming with sound moral principles, healthy didacticism, excellent examples of virtue.","PeriodicalId":20712,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the First International Conference on Combinatorial and Optimization, ICCAP 2021, December 7-8 2021, Chennai, India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74159034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/008
Galia Benziman
This article examines Charles Dickens’s and Lewis Carroll’s representations of mechanisms of control over people’s – especially young people’s – language, imagination, and minds. Moralistic on the one hand, political on the other hand, Victorian patterns of censorship and self-censorship are reflected, critiqued, and satirised by Dickens in various stages of his career, and are related in his work to artistic creativity, language and the imagination. He attacks the utilitarian resistance to fairy tale and especially Maria Edgeworth’s manifesto on the usefulness and uselessness of various genres of children’s literature, and criticizes George Cruikshank’s revisionist project of furthering certain social doctrines, mainly teetotalism, by interpolating moralistic messages into famous fairy tales. Much of this preoccupation is followed up in Carroll’s Alice books. For both, I argue, these didactic revisions are related to patterns of language control, banned words, and euphemisms that they repeatedly probe and parody in their fiction. My essay will examine the representation of language control, self-censorship and verbal training in terms of an early, Victorian-era politically-correct discourse; I will ask what, if at all, Dickens and Carroll’s treatment of these issues may contribute to the current debate surrounding our own politically-correct culture.
{"title":"Forbidden Words: Language Control and Victorian Political Correctness in Dickens and Carroll","authors":"Galia Benziman","doi":"10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/008","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Charles Dickens’s and Lewis Carroll’s representations of mechanisms of control over people’s – especially young people’s – language, imagination, and minds. Moralistic on the one hand, political on the other hand, Victorian patterns of censorship and self-censorship are reflected, critiqued, and satirised by Dickens in various stages of his career, and are related in his work to artistic creativity, language and the imagination. He attacks the utilitarian resistance to fairy tale and especially Maria Edgeworth’s manifesto on the usefulness and uselessness of various genres of children’s literature, and criticizes George Cruikshank’s revisionist project of furthering certain social doctrines, mainly teetotalism, by interpolating moralistic messages into famous fairy tales. Much of this preoccupation is followed up in Carroll’s Alice books. For both, I argue, these didactic revisions are related to patterns of language control, banned words, and euphemisms that they repeatedly probe and parody in their fiction. My essay will examine the representation of language control, self-censorship and verbal training in terms of an early, Victorian-era politically-correct discourse; I will ask what, if at all, Dickens and Carroll’s treatment of these issues may contribute to the current debate surrounding our own politically-correct culture.","PeriodicalId":20712,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the First International Conference on Combinatorial and Optimization, ICCAP 2021, December 7-8 2021, Chennai, India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90714137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/012
M. Canani
This article argues that transgression provides an illuminating critical category to examine the narrative construction of John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (2006). Boyne’s decision to entrust his testimonial narrative to Bruno, the son of an SS commander, produces a representational uncertainty that is reminiscent of Theodor Adorno’s claims on post-Auschwitz aesthetics. Bruno’s fictional testimony is marked by a difficulty in conceptualising experience via language, which reveals voids in his cognizance of reality. This epistemic modality, however, is transgressed by the interaction of words and images in the film version of the novel.
{"title":"John Boyne’s Representation of the Shoah in The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas: A Paradigm of Transgression and Linguistic Uncertainties","authors":"M. Canani","doi":"10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/012","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that transgression provides an illuminating critical category to examine the narrative construction of John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (2006). Boyne’s decision to entrust his testimonial narrative to Bruno, the son of an SS commander, produces a representational uncertainty that is reminiscent of Theodor Adorno’s claims on post-Auschwitz aesthetics. Bruno’s fictional testimony is marked by a difficulty in conceptualising experience via language, which reveals voids in his cognizance of reality. This epistemic modality, however, is transgressed by the interaction of words and images in the film version of the novel.","PeriodicalId":20712,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the First International Conference on Combinatorial and Optimization, ICCAP 2021, December 7-8 2021, Chennai, India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84113696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/005
J. Redgate
In 1995, in the introduction to Tennis and the Meaning of Life: A Literary Anthology of the Game, Jay Jennings lamented that there were still “no great” tennis novels. Had the collection been published just a year later, a revision would have been in order. David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest (1996), the encyclopaedic masterpiece set around the grounds of Enfield Tennis Academy, is a great tennis novel. Yet, when critics discuss Wallace’s work on tennis, the focus is usually on his essays and tends to fall into one of two camps: either emphasizing the bodies of Wallace’s dumb jocks, or the divine inspiration that helps them play so well. Once we recognise that Wallace’s treatment of character was itself always dualistic, we can begin to reconcile these two apparently conflicting points of view. Doing so will shed new light on Wallace’s treatment of tennis as a stress-test of the connection between body and soul, and will raise difficult questions about the fate of a country where that test is so necessary.
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Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/002
A. den Dulk
Kafka’s The Metamorphosis (1915), with Gregor Samsa’s transformation “into a gigantic insect”, forms an insightful comparative reading to the opening of Wallace’s Infinite Jest (1996), including Hal Incandenza’s seeming, unexplained catatonia. Wallace described Kafka’s fiction as conducting a “radical literalization of truths we tend to treat as metaphorical”. In comparing Kafka’s novella and Infinite Jest, the question ‘what has happened to Hal?’ thus means: what metaphor is literalized by Hal’s situation? In both texts, the metaphors represent selfhood and writing fiction; but, contrary to Gregor, Hal has taken up the task of self-becoming and symbolizes literary disclosure and communication – rendering Infinite Jest as a redemptive novel.
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Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30687/el/2420-823x/2021/08/006
T. Vermeulen
David Foster Wallace’s writing has come to be synonymous with post-postmodernism. Strategies that are often singled out in this respect include the return to epic forms of storytelling; a post-ironic attitude towards its subject matter; a concern with empathy and affective generosity; and an ambiguous but reinvigorated relationship of language to ‘reality’. In this essay I consider some of these in the context of visual art. The aim is less to map one onto another, detailing how much they have in common, than it is to tease out some of the differences between them so as to pinpoint Wallace’s position on post-postmodernism’s cognitive map across the disciplines.
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