Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.11.004
Guanzheng Liu , Mengyu Wang , Jianing Huang , Chunyuan Li , Junkai Ren , Qi Wang , Haili Pang , Hui Zhang , Xiaoxia Bai
Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction to produce ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising green route. In this study, we demonstrate that one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanobelts, prepared via a facile hydrothermal method, can convert gaseous dinitrogen to ammonia in pure water under light irradiation. The photocatalytic ammonia production performance of TiO2 nanobelts can be further enhanced through acid corrosion treatment, which generates secondary nanostructures. These surface nanostructures serve as potential catalytically active sites for nitrogen adsorption and reduction. Both photoelectrochemical measurements and photoluminescence spectra confirm that the optimized TiO2 nanobelts exhibit improved charge separation. Given their excellent stability and unique 1D nanostructure, acid-corroded TiO2 nanobelts are a promising support material for constructing high-performance composite photocatalysts for nitrogen fixation.
{"title":"Enhancing photocatalytic nitrogen fixation through controlled acid corrosion of 1D TiO2 nanobelts","authors":"Guanzheng Liu , Mengyu Wang , Jianing Huang , Chunyuan Li , Junkai Ren , Qi Wang , Haili Pang , Hui Zhang , Xiaoxia Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction to produce ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising green route. In this study, we demonstrate that one-dimensional (1D) TiO<sub>2</sub> nanobelts, prepared via a facile hydrothermal method, can convert gaseous dinitrogen to ammonia in pure water under light irradiation. The photocatalytic ammonia production performance of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanobelts can be further enhanced through acid corrosion treatment, which generates secondary nanostructures. These surface nanostructures serve as potential catalytically active sites for nitrogen adsorption and reduction. Both photoelectrochemical measurements and photoluminescence spectra confirm that the optimized TiO<sub>2</sub> nanobelts exhibit improved charge separation. Given their excellent stability and unique 1D nanostructure, acid-corroded TiO<sub>2</sub> nanobelts are a promising support material for constructing high-performance composite photocatalysts for nitrogen fixation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 84-93"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.002
Longhui Sun , Hongchen Jing , Hua Zhang , Liying Sun , Lifei Wang , Liwei Lu , Kwang Seon Shin , T.B. Duishenaliev
{10 2} tensile twins were introduced by pre-compressing the rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheet along the transverse direction (TD) with a strain of 3 %, aiming to investigate the effect of pre-existing twins on its bending deformation behavior. For the AZ31 Mg alloy, the pre-existing {10 2} tensile twins significantly improved the mechanical properties, the tension-compression yield asymmetry coefficient (0.57 vs. 0.35), and the bending property (bend angle: 97° vs. 65°). The pre-existing {10 2} twins led to the deflection of the c-axis of the grains, thus modifying the strong (0001) basal texture, which improved the tension-compression yield asymmetry, making the strain distribution during the bending process in each region of the specimen more uniform. The basal slip caused by grain deflection on the rolling direction (RD)-normal direction (ND) plane increased the thickness-direction strain of the specimen during the bending deformation process. Moreover, the introduction of a large number of twin lamellae effectively subdivided and refined the grains, enhancing the plastic deformation ability of the specimen. In summary, these factors led to a significant improvement in the bending formability of the AZ31 Mg alloy.
通过对轧制AZ31镁合金板材进行横向预压缩，以3%的应变引入{10¯2}拉伸孪晶，研究预压缩孪晶对AZ31镁合金板材弯曲变形行为的影响。对于AZ31镁合金，预先存在的{10¯2}拉伸孪晶显著改善了合金的力学性能、拉压屈服不对称系数（0.57 vs. 0.35）和弯曲性能（弯曲角度：97°vs. 65°）。预先存在的{10¯2}孪晶导致晶粒c轴偏转，从而改变了强（0001）基织构，改善了拉压屈服的不对称性，使试件弯曲过程中各区域的应变分布更加均匀。在弯曲变形过程中，晶粒在滚动方向(RD)-法向（ND）平面上的偏转引起的基底滑移增加了试件的厚度方向应变。此外，大量孪晶片的引入有效地细分和细化了晶粒，提高了试样的塑性变形能力。综上所述，这些因素使AZ31镁合金的弯曲成形性能得到了显著改善。
{"title":"Significantly improving the bending formability of AZ31 Mg alloy by pre-introducing {10 1¯ 2} tensile twins","authors":"Longhui Sun , Hongchen Jing , Hua Zhang , Liying Sun , Lifei Wang , Liwei Lu , Kwang Seon Shin , T.B. Duishenaliev","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>{10 <span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> 2} tensile twins were introduced by pre-compressing the rolled AZ31 Mg alloy sheet along the transverse direction (TD) with a strain of 3 %, aiming to investigate the effect of pre-existing twins on its bending deformation behavior. For the AZ31 Mg alloy, the pre-existing {10 <span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> 2} tensile twins significantly improved the mechanical properties, the tension-compression yield asymmetry coefficient (0.57 vs. 0.35), and the bending property (bend angle: 97° vs. 65°). The pre-existing {10 <span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> 2} twins led to the deflection of the c-axis of the grains, thus modifying the strong (0001) basal texture, which improved the tension-compression yield asymmetry, making the strain distribution during the bending process in each region of the specimen more uniform. The basal slip caused by grain deflection on the rolling direction (RD)-normal direction (ND) plane increased the thickness-direction strain of the specimen during the bending deformation process. Moreover, the introduction of a large number of twin lamellae effectively subdivided and refined the grains, enhancing the plastic deformation ability of the specimen. In summary, these factors led to a significant improvement in the bending formability of the AZ31 Mg alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The urgent need for high-performance energy storage devices has been driving the quest for superior battery-type electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs), however the relevant synthesis methods are usually tedious and poorly affordable. In this paper, a two-step route was elaborated to prepare Ni,Co hydroxide/N-doped porous carbon (NixCo1−x(OH)2/NPC) nanocomposites for hybrid supercapacitors. NPC with unique three-dimensional interconnected porous structure was obtained by HIPE high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) polymerization with subsequent pyrolysis. The NPC can act not only as a conductive network providing abundant accessible area and convenient charge transfer routes, but also as an anchoring platform for NixCo1−x(OH)2 growth via chemical bath deposition (CBD) without agglomeration. By tuning Ni2+/Co2+ ratio, the optimized NixCo1−x(OH)2/NPC nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a capacity of 1392 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in 6 M KOH solution. Furthermore, coupling with an activated NPC anode, the assembled hybrid supercapacitor possessed an appreciable energy density of 118.9 Wh kg−1 at 400.0 W kg−1 and a capacitance retention ratio of 80.7 % after 5000 charge-discharge cycles, showing considerable application prospects. This work provides new inspirations for the reasonable design and optimization of new electrode materials for first-rate hybrid supercapacitors.
对高性能储能设备的迫切需求推动了对混合超级电容器（hsc）的优质电池型电极材料的追求，然而相关的合成方法通常繁琐且价格低廉。本文采用两步法制备了Ni，Co氢氧化物/ n掺杂多孔碳（NixCo1−x(OH)2/NPC）纳米复合材料。采用HIPE高内相乳液（HIPE）聚合并进行热解，得到具有独特三维互联多孔结构的NPC。NPC不仅可以作为一个导电网络，提供丰富的可达区域和方便的电荷转移路径，而且还可以作为一个锚定平台，通过化学浴沉积（CBD）生长NixCo1−x(OH)2而不聚集。通过调整Ni2+/Co2+的比例，优化后的NixCo1−x(OH)2/NPC纳米复合材料在6 M KOH溶液中，在1 a g−1时的容量为1392 F g−1，具有优异的电化学性能。此外，与活化的NPC阳极耦合，组装的混合超级电容器在400.0 W kg - 1时具有可观的能量密度为118.9 Wh kg - 1，在5000次充放电循环后电容保持率为80.7%，具有可观的应用前景。这项工作为合理设计和优化一流混合超级电容器的新型电极材料提供了新的启示。
{"title":"Facile preparation of NixCo1−x(OH)2/N-doped porous carbon nanocomposites with superior electrochemical performances for hybrid supercapacitors","authors":"Yulai Zhao , Yuxuan Chen , Haoran Chen , Longqiang Xiao , Xuehui Ge , Xiangyu Yin , Linxi Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent need for high-performance energy storage devices has been driving the quest for superior battery-type electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs), however the relevant synthesis methods are usually tedious and poorly affordable. In this paper, a two-step route was elaborated to prepare Ni,Co hydroxide/N-doped porous carbon (Ni<sub><em>x</em></sub>Co<sub>1−<em>x</em></sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>/NPC) nanocomposites for hybrid supercapacitors. NPC with unique three-dimensional interconnected porous structure was obtained by HIPE high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) polymerization with subsequent pyrolysis. The NPC can act not only as a conductive network providing abundant accessible area and convenient charge transfer routes, but also as an anchoring platform for Ni<sub><em>x</em></sub>Co<sub>1−<em>x</em></sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> growth via chemical bath deposition (CBD) without agglomeration. By tuning Ni<sup>2+</sup>/Co<sup>2+</sup> ratio, the optimized Ni<sub><em>x</em></sub>Co<sub>1−<em>x</em></sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>/NPC nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with a capacity of 1392 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup> in 6 M KOH solution. Furthermore, coupling with an activated NPC anode, the assembled hybrid supercapacitor possessed an appreciable energy density of 118.9 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at 400.0 W kg<sup>−1</sup> and a capacitance retention ratio of 80.7 % after 5000 charge-discharge cycles, showing considerable application prospects. This work provides new inspirations for the reasonable design and optimization of new electrode materials for first-rate hybrid supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 52-64"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.001
Huahai Chang , Yiyuan Yang , Fan Yu , Shunda Jiang , Xueqian Wang , Zhe Jia , Baolong Shen
The development of efficient, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for hydrogen production via water electrolysis. While multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) show great potential due to their multi-component synergy and tunable electronic structures, their practical application is often hampered by insufficient active sites and poor long-term stability. Herein, we report a phase-engineering-guided dealloying strategy to fabricate a high-performance MPEA catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This approach employs a triple-phase Al60Ni27Fe5Co5Mo3 precursor, wherein chemical dealloying in an alkaline medium transforms the BCC parent phase into an ordered B2 phase, while completely dissolving the less stable FCC and tetragonal phases. This process results in a unique heterogeneous structure of Ni-based oxide nanocrystals enveloped by a Mo-rich metallic glass phase, coating the B2 phase surface. Benefiting from the abundant heterogeneous interfaces and synergistic interactions among multiple phases generated during dealloying, the catalyst exhibits outstanding activity and stability for HER in alkaline media, achieving a low overpotential of 35 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and exceptional durability for 500 h at 100 mA cm−2 with negligible activity degradation. This work presents a novel pathway for designing multiphase MPEAs and underscores the significant potential of high-performance electrocatalyst preparation by combining phase engineering with dealloying.
开发高效、稳定、低成本的电催化剂是水电解制氢的关键。虽然多主元素合金（mpea）由于其多组分协同作用和可调谐的电子结构而显示出巨大的潜力，但其实际应用往往受到活性位点不足和长期稳定性差的阻碍。在此，我们报告了一种相工程指导下的脱合金策略，用于制备高性能的析氢反应（HER） MPEA催化剂。该方法采用三相Al60Ni27Fe5Co5Mo3前驱体，在碱性介质中化学脱合金将BCC母相转变为有序的B2相，同时完全溶解不稳定的FCC相和四方相。这一过程产生了一种独特的非均相结构的镍基氧化物纳米晶体，由富钼金属玻璃相包裹，覆盖在B2相表面。得益于合金熔解过程中产生的丰富的非均相界面和多相之间的协同作用，该催化剂在碱性介质中表现出出色的HER活性和稳定性，在10 mA cm - 2下可达到35 mV的低过电位，在100 mA cm - 2下可保持500小时的优异耐久性，活性几乎可以忽略。这项工作为多相mpea的设计提供了一条新的途径，并强调了相工程与脱合金相结合制备高性能电催化剂的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Nanocrystalline-glass heterostructure via phase engineering for efficient hydrogen evolution","authors":"Huahai Chang , Yiyuan Yang , Fan Yu , Shunda Jiang , Xueqian Wang , Zhe Jia , Baolong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of efficient, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for hydrogen production via water electrolysis. While multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) show great potential due to their multi-component synergy and tunable electronic structures, their practical application is often hampered by insufficient active sites and poor long-term stability. Herein, we report a phase-engineering-guided dealloying strategy to fabricate a high-performance MPEA catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This approach employs a triple-phase Al<sub>60</sub>Ni<sub>27</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>Co<sub>5</sub>Mo<sub>3</sub> precursor, wherein chemical dealloying in an alkaline medium transforms the BCC parent phase into an ordered B2 phase, while completely dissolving the less stable FCC and tetragonal phases. This process results in a unique heterogeneous structure of Ni-based oxide nanocrystals enveloped by a Mo-rich metallic glass phase, coating the B2 phase surface. Benefiting from the abundant heterogeneous interfaces and synergistic interactions among multiple phases generated during dealloying, the catalyst exhibits outstanding activity and stability for HER in alkaline media, achieving a low overpotential of 35 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and exceptional durability for 500 h at 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> with negligible activity degradation. This work presents a novel pathway for designing multiphase MPEAs and underscores the significant potential of high-performance electrocatalyst preparation by combining phase engineering with dealloying.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 102-109"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.010
Hui Deng , Lijuan Wang , Kunqian Zhu , Libing Liao , Guocheng Lv
More than 2 billion tons of coal-based solid wastes (CBSW) are produced annually in China present not only significant environmental hazards, including air pollution from dust, soil degradation, and water contamination from heavy metals, but also direct safety risks such as spontaneous combustion and landslides. Currently, soil degradation is becoming an increasingly serious concern. Artificial soil is a crucial green construction material. However, the current resource utilization of CBSW in artificial soil is confronted with difficulties such as low efficiency, high ecological risks, and obstacles to industrialization. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop a stable and eco-friendly approach for the construction of artificial soil. This paper reviews the physicochemical properties of CBSW and its adaptability to soil improvement. Considering the application directions of CBSW in ecological soil (such as remediating contaminated soil, improving poor soil quality, and promoting plant growth). It focuses on key methods for preparing artificial soil. These methods include pretreatment technology, optimizing the ratio of solid waste, additives, and soil, and evaluating ecological effects. This work provides insights into transforming coal waste into a valuable resource for ecological restoration.
{"title":"Research progress on the construction of artificial soil based on coal-based solid waste","authors":"Hui Deng , Lijuan Wang , Kunqian Zhu , Libing Liao , Guocheng Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>More than 2 billion tons of coal-based solid wastes (CBSW) are produced annually in China present not only significant environmental hazards, including air pollution from dust, soil degradation, and water contamination from heavy metals, but also direct safety risks such as spontaneous combustion and landslides. Currently, soil degradation is becoming an increasingly serious concern. Artificial soil is a crucial green construction material. However, the current resource utilization of CBSW in artificial soil is confronted with difficulties such as low efficiency, high ecological risks, and obstacles to industrialization. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop a stable and eco-friendly approach for the construction of artificial soil. This paper reviews the physicochemical properties of CBSW and its adaptability to soil improvement. Considering the application directions of CBSW in ecological soil (such as remediating contaminated soil, improving poor soil quality, and promoting plant growth). It focuses on key methods for preparing artificial soil. These methods include pretreatment technology, optimizing the ratio of solid waste, additives, and soil, and evaluating ecological effects. This work provides insights into transforming coal waste into a valuable resource for ecological restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.003
Yiming Zong , Wenjiao Ke , Yang Xue , Rui Xiao , Sixi Zhu , Shuya Zheng , Yongen Shi , Li Feng , Xuefeng Ren
Nitrate (NO3−) is a pervasive pollutant in industrial water treatment due to its widespread presence in industrial processes. Quaternary ammonium (R4N+) groups are key for NO3− removal, but their efficiency varies with water quality. This study developed a mixed-grafted ion exchange resin, CMIET-A, by grafting trimethylamine and triethylamine onto a poly(methyl methacrylate) backbone, with Ferromagnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles to enhance separability and recyclability. Experiments and DFT calculations showed that CMIET-A effectively removed NO3− across a broad pH range (4.0–10.0), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.79 mg/g. The adsorption behavior fit the Freundlich isotherm model, and the process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After 20 cycles, the resin maintained a NO3− removal rate over 70 %. Both experiments on the influence of external ions and Molecular dynamics simulations indicated higher binding energy and diffusion coefficients for CMIET-A with NO3−, enhancing performance even in the presence of Cl−. Characterization revealed that ion exchange, pore filling, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and metal bridging collectively drove adsorption. Overall, this novel resin offers an efficient solution for NO3− removal in industrial settings.
{"title":"Preparation of pH-stable and ion-resistant mixed-graft ion exchange resins for efficient Nitrate Removal: Performance and mechanism","authors":"Yiming Zong , Wenjiao Ke , Yang Xue , Rui Xiao , Sixi Zhu , Shuya Zheng , Yongen Shi , Li Feng , Xuefeng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) is a pervasive pollutant in industrial water treatment due to its widespread presence in industrial processes. Quaternary ammonium (R<sub>4</sub>N<sup>+</sup>) groups are key for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> removal, but their efficiency varies with water quality. This study developed a mixed-grafted ion exchange resin, CMIET-A, by grafting trimethylamine and triethylamine onto a poly(methyl methacrylate) backbone, with Ferromagnetic γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles to enhance separability and recyclability. Experiments and DFT calculations showed that CMIET-A effectively removed NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> across a broad pH range (4.0–10.0), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.79 mg/g. The adsorption behavior fit the Freundlich isotherm model, and the process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After 20 cycles, the resin maintained a NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> removal rate over 70 %. Both experiments on the influence of external ions and Molecular dynamics simulations indicated higher binding energy and diffusion coefficients for CMIET-A with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, enhancing performance even in the presence of Cl<sup>−</sup>. Characterization revealed that ion exchange, pore filling, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and metal bridging collectively drove adsorption. Overall, this novel resin offers an efficient solution for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> removal in industrial settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 152-167"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.004
Zhong Zheng , Mengyuan Ma , Hui Liu , Dong Chen , Shaonan Tian , Xiwei Qi , Jun Yang
Hollow noble metal nanostructures have broad applications in catalysis and other fields. Herein, we report that Ag@metal (Ag@M, M = Ru, Os, Ir, Pt, PtRu, PtRuOs) core@shell nanoparticles synthesized in oleylamine can transform into hollow AgM alloy nanoparticles via prolonged heating. The structural evolution mechanism is attributed to the Kirkendall effect, driven by unbalanced interdiffusion of Ag and M atoms: Ag atoms (with higher mobility) diffuse from the core to the shell more rapidly than M atoms, inducing vacancy flow and interface shift, ultimately forming hollow alloys with slightly reduced particle sizes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals binding energy shifts of Ag and Pt in hollow AgPt alloys due to electronegativity differences. Electrochemical tests show that despite the lower electrochemically active surface area of hollow AgPt alloys caused by Ag-induced Pt dilution, their methanol oxidation reaction activity and onset potential are comparable to the core-shell precursors. This is because the ensemble effect from Ag-Pt alloying weakens CO adsorption on Pt sites, offsetting the dilution-induced negative effect. This study provides insights for designing efficient Ag-based nanoalloy electrocatalysts.
空心贵金属纳米结构在催化等领域有着广泛的应用。本文报道了在聚胺中合成的Ag@metal (Ag@M, M = Ru, Os, Ir, Pt, PtRu, PtRuOs) core@shell纳米颗粒通过长时间加热可以转化为空心AgM合金纳米颗粒。结构演化机制是由Ag和M原子不平衡的相互扩散驱动的Kirkendall效应：Ag原子（具有更高的迁移率）比M原子更快地从核心扩散到壳层，引起空位流动和界面移动，最终形成粒径略有减小的空心合金。x射线光电子能谱揭示了Ag和Pt在空心AgPt合金中由于电负性差异而发生的结合能转移。电化学实验表明，尽管ag诱导的Pt稀释导致空心AgPt合金的电化学活性表面积降低，但其甲醇氧化反应活性和起效电位与核壳前驱体相当。这是因为Ag-Pt合金的系综效应减弱了CO在Pt位点上的吸附，抵消了稀释引起的负效应。该研究为设计高效银基纳米合金电催化剂提供了新的思路。
{"title":"Hollowing mechanism of noble metal nanoparticles during their Ag-templated synthesis","authors":"Zhong Zheng , Mengyuan Ma , Hui Liu , Dong Chen , Shaonan Tian , Xiwei Qi , Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow noble metal nanostructures have broad applications in catalysis and other fields. Herein, we report that Ag@metal (Ag@M, M = Ru, Os, Ir, Pt, PtRu, PtRuOs) core@shell nanoparticles synthesized in oleylamine can transform into hollow AgM alloy nanoparticles via prolonged heating. The structural evolution mechanism is attributed to the Kirkendall effect, driven by unbalanced interdiffusion of Ag and M atoms: Ag atoms (with higher mobility) diffuse from the core to the shell more rapidly than M atoms, inducing vacancy flow and interface shift, ultimately forming hollow alloys with slightly reduced particle sizes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals binding energy shifts of Ag and Pt in hollow AgPt alloys due to electronegativity differences. Electrochemical tests show that despite the lower electrochemically active surface area of hollow AgPt alloys caused by Ag-induced Pt dilution, their methanol oxidation reaction activity and onset potential are comparable to the core-shell precursors. This is because the ensemble effect from Ag-Pt alloying weakens CO adsorption on Pt sites, offsetting the dilution-induced negative effect. This study provides insights for designing efficient Ag-based nanoalloy electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.006
Xiaochuan Long , Xiao Wen , Xiao Zhang , Zheng Lu , Feng Wei , Xiaopeng Liu
Fabricating TiO2 nanotube hydrogen sensors via anodic oxidation of sputtered Ti films on Si wafers enhances stability and facilitates integration/miniaturization. However, these sensors exhibit lower room-temperature responses compared to counterparts derived from anodized Ti thin sheets. In this work, Pt/TiO2/Ti sensors incorporating an unoxidized Ti film at the nanotube base and Pt/TiO2 sensors with completely oxidized Ti foil were fabricated on SiO2/Si substrates through magnetron sputtering and anodic oxidation. The Pt/TiO2/Ti sensor exhibited a response of 5.3 × 106 toward 200 ppm H2 at room temperature – four orders of magnitude higher than the Pt/TiO2 counterpart. Through SEM, Hall measurements, and I-V analysis, this enhancement is attributed to significantly reduced charge transfer resistance between Pt interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) due to the conductive Ti film in Pt/TiO2/Ti devices. The modulating effect of the Ti film on carrier transport pathways becomes more pronounced at lower operating temperatures. This study provides a straightforward yet effective approach for developing high-responsivity TiO2 nanotube hydrogen sensors on silicon wafers.
{"title":"Enhanced room-temperature hydrogen response of TiO2 nanotube Schottky device through carrier transport modulation","authors":"Xiaochuan Long , Xiao Wen , Xiao Zhang , Zheng Lu , Feng Wei , Xiaopeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabricating TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube hydrogen sensors via anodic oxidation of sputtered Ti films on Si wafers enhances stability and facilitates integration/miniaturization. However, these sensors exhibit lower room-temperature responses compared to counterparts derived from anodized Ti thin sheets. In this work, Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti sensors incorporating an unoxidized Ti film at the nanotube base and Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> sensors with completely oxidized Ti foil were fabricated on SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrates through magnetron sputtering and anodic oxidation. The Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti sensor exhibited a response of 5.3 × 10<sup>6</sup> toward 200 ppm H<sub>2</sub> at room temperature – four orders of magnitude higher than the Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> counterpart. Through SEM, Hall measurements, and I-V analysis, this enhancement is attributed to significantly reduced charge transfer resistance between Pt interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) due to the conductive Ti film in Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>/Ti devices. The modulating effect of the Ti film on carrier transport pathways becomes more pronounced at lower operating temperatures. This study provides a straightforward yet effective approach for developing high-responsivity TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube hydrogen sensors on silicon wafers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.005
Chenjian Li , Wenlai Xia , Dangfeng Zhou , Gang Lu , Hongmei Qin , Shixian Zhang , Xueliang Jiang , Chuanxi Xiong
The composites composed of Carbon nanotube (CNT) and inorganic magnetic materials are candidates for broadband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials (EWAM). However, poor interfacial compatibility between CNT and inorganic magnetic materials limits the enhancement of broadband EMW absorption performance. Herein, this study innovatively prepared the organic magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) with a zwitterionic structure and combined it with CNT to obtain the “Magnetic ionic liquid/CNT composite gel” (MIL/CNT). In the MIL/CNT, the energy of EMW is well attenuated through the multi-EMW dissipating routes, such as conductance loss, polarization loss and magnetic loss. Remarkably, attributed to the zwitterionic structure, the stronger ionic dipole polarization loss has been induced to dissipate the EMW, which achieved an effective absorption band (EAB) of 7.5 GHz (9.44–16.94 GHz) and minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −46 dB with 2.1 mm thickness at 15.8 GHz. The MIL/CNT composite demonstrated excellent broadband electromagnetic wave absorption, offering a novel strategy for fabricating EMW defense materials with a wide operational frequency range.
{"title":"Zwitterion-enhanced polarization loss in Magnetic ionic liquid/CNT composite gel for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Chenjian Li , Wenlai Xia , Dangfeng Zhou , Gang Lu , Hongmei Qin , Shixian Zhang , Xueliang Jiang , Chuanxi Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The composites composed of Carbon nanotube (CNT) and inorganic magnetic materials are candidates for broadband electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials (EWAM). However, poor interfacial compatibility between CNT and inorganic magnetic materials limits the enhancement of broadband EMW absorption performance. Herein, this study innovatively prepared the organic magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) with a zwitterionic structure and combined it with CNT to obtain the “Magnetic ionic liquid/CNT composite gel” (MIL/CNT). In the MIL/CNT, the energy of EMW is well attenuated through the multi-EMW dissipating routes, such as conductance loss, polarization loss and magnetic loss. Remarkably, attributed to the zwitterionic structure, the stronger ionic dipole polarization loss has been induced to dissipate the EMW, which achieved an effective absorption band (EAB) of 7.5 GHz (9.44–16.94 GHz) and minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of −46 dB with 2.1 mm thickness at 15.8 GHz. The MIL/CNT composite demonstrated excellent broadband electromagnetic wave absorption, offering a novel strategy for fabricating EMW defense materials with a wide operational frequency range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147412211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.004
Linlin Sun , Jie Xiong , Qingshuang Ma , Chenghao Pei , Huijun Li , Qiuzhi Gao
Data-centric materials informatics has become a transformative paradigm for accelerating the discovery and design of superalloys, particularly by enabling efficient prediction of properties that are experimentally inaccessible or computationally intractable due to constraints in cost, time, or complexity. By harnessing the ability of machine learning (ML) to model complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional relationships, this approach provides a compelling alternative to traditional trial-and-error and simulation-based strategies. This review presents a comprehensive and critical assessment of recent advances in ML for superalloys. We first delineate the essential workflow for ML-enabled superalloy design, encompassing foundational data resources, quantitative assessments of data quality, feature descriptors and feature-selection strategies, representative algorithms tailored to small and heterogeneous datasets, rigorous model-evaluation protocols, and model interpretation through explainable ML and symbolic regression. We then summarize state-of-the-art ML applications targeting specific high-temperature performance metrics, particularly γ′ phase stability, creep behavior, fatigue life, and oxidation resistance, and highlight how approaches such as multi-fidelity learning, data augmentation, transfer learning, and optimization algorithms facilitate efficient exploration of vast composition-processing design spaces. Finally, we discuss persisting challenges and emerging opportunities, including data scarcity and reliability, model confidence and uncertainty quantification, cross-system generalizability across Co-, Ni-, and multi-principal superalloys, high-dimensional multi-objective optimization, and the integration of physics-informed models and large language models into materials-informatics workflows. By synthesizing these developments, this review outlines a strategic roadmap for harnessing ML to accelerate the discovery, performance optimization, and intelligent design of next-generation superalloys.
{"title":"A comprehensive review of machine learning for superalloys: from data-driven prediction to intelligent design","authors":"Linlin Sun , Jie Xiong , Qingshuang Ma , Chenghao Pei , Huijun Li , Qiuzhi Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data-centric materials informatics has become a transformative paradigm for accelerating the discovery and design of superalloys, particularly by enabling efficient prediction of properties that are experimentally inaccessible or computationally intractable due to constraints in cost, time, or complexity. By harnessing the ability of machine learning (ML) to model complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional relationships, this approach provides a compelling alternative to traditional trial-and-error and simulation-based strategies. This review presents a comprehensive and critical assessment of recent advances in ML for superalloys. We first delineate the essential workflow for ML-enabled superalloy design, encompassing foundational data resources, quantitative assessments of data quality, feature descriptors and feature-selection strategies, representative algorithms tailored to small and heterogeneous datasets, rigorous model-evaluation protocols, and model interpretation through explainable ML and symbolic regression. We then summarize state-of-the-art ML applications targeting specific high-temperature performance metrics, particularly γ′ phase stability, creep behavior, fatigue life, and oxidation resistance, and highlight how approaches such as multi-fidelity learning, data augmentation, transfer learning, and optimization algorithms facilitate efficient exploration of vast composition-processing design spaces. Finally, we discuss persisting challenges and emerging opportunities, including data scarcity and reliability, model confidence and uncertainty quantification, cross-system generalizability across Co-, Ni-, and multi-principal superalloys, high-dimensional multi-objective optimization, and the integration of physics-informed models and large language models into materials-informatics workflows. By synthesizing these developments, this review outlines a strategic roadmap for harnessing ML to accelerate the discovery, performance optimization, and intelligent design of next-generation superalloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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