Progress in Natural Science: Materials International最新文献

英文中文

Biologically inspired shell-hollow particles for designing efficient passive all-sky radiative cooling 设计高效被动式全天空辐射冷却的生物壳空心微粒

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.08.009

Shangsheng Zhang , Zengzhi Zhang , Kai Chen , Shuman Xu , Xunkai Luo , Yang Liu , Jian Wang , Shijie Han , Yulian Li , Hongmei Du

Passive radiation cooling (PRC), as the most promising technology to meet future cooling needs, has attracted great interest. However, there are still huge challenges in manufacturing high-efficiency and low-cost radiant coolers suitable for all-day use. Here, we report a secondary micro-nano shell-hollow structure based on blending method, inspired by the African white beetle Goliathus goliatus. Due to the difference in reflectance between the shell and the internal air, compared with the homogeneous particles, the scattered light has a changed optical path at the interface of the core (air) and the shell (SiO₂), and most of the light escapes from the particles, showing strong total internal reflection. The design ingeniously deposits the nano-sized shell-hollow structure on the surface of the micron-sized shell-hollow structure, achieving high solar reflectance (95 %)and excellent long-wave infrared emissivity (94 %). Sub-ambient cooling of 7.8 and 4.7 °C can be achieved at night and daytime, respectively. Silica microspheres with shell and hollow structure can be prepared by soft template method, which is mature, reliable, simple and cheap.Our work provides new ideas for the design and manufacture of high-performance Passive all-day radiative cooling (PARC).

被动辐射冷却（PRC）作为最有希望满足未来冷却需求的技术，引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，在制造适合全天使用的高效率、低成本辐射冷却器方面仍面临巨大挑战。在此，我们受非洲白甲虫 Goliathus goliatus 的启发，报告了一种基于混合法的二次微纳米壳空心结构。与均质颗粒相比，由于外壳和内部空气的反射率不同，散射光在内核（空气）和外壳（二氧化硅）界面的光路发生了变化，大部分光线从颗粒中逸出，呈现出强烈的全内反射。该设计巧妙地将纳米级壳空心结构沉积在微米级壳空心结构的表面，实现了高太阳反射率（95%）和卓越的长波红外发射率（94%）。夜间和白天可分别实现 7.8 ℃ 和 4.7 ℃ 的亚环境制冷。我们的工作为高性能被动式全天辐射制冷（PARC）的设计和制造提供了新思路。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient and highly selective photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) by an active two-dimensional covalent organic framework 活性二维共价有机框架高效、高选择性地光催化还原六价铬

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.09.004

Yuxuan Bai, Yunzi Wang, Junyu Chen, Keda Zhu, Jianjun Wang

In this paper, a two-dimensional covalent organic framework material (named HDU-27) with thiazole structure and π-π conjugation has been successfully synthesized using the ligands tri acetaldehyde-based methoxyphenyl and benzo [1,2-d:4,5-d]thiazole-2,6-diamine in an ammonia-formaldehyde condensation reaction and applied to the photocatalytic reduction study of chromium (Cr). The photocatalytic experiments showed that HDU-27 had an excellent photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) with a high Cr(VI) reduction efficiency of 99.5 % at pH = 2 for 60 min. In the presence of interfering ions, HDU-27 exhibited excellent selectivity for Cr(VI). Mechanistic experiments and electron spin resonance characterization identified e⁻ and ·O₂⁻ radicals as the main active species in Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction. In addition, the photocatalytic rate of HDU-27 was significantly accelerated in the Cr(VI)/organic pollutant (RhB, MB, MO) mixed system due to the oxidation of the organic matter and the increase in the separation of photogenerated e⁻−h⁺. The cycling experiments demonstrated the excellent reduction stability and recyclability of HDU-27 in the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI). HDU-27 is an excellent photocatalyst with potential application for removing organic pollutants and heavy metal ions from contaminated wastewater.

本文利用配体三乙醛基甲氧基苯基和苯并[1,2-d:4,5-d]噻唑-2,6-二胺在氨-甲醛缩合反应中成功合成了一种具有噻唑结构和π-π共轭的二维共价有机框架材料（命名为HDU-27），并将其应用于铬（Cr）的光催化还原研究。光催化实验表明，HDU-27 对六价铬具有出色的光催化还原能力，在 pH = 2 的条件下，60 分钟内六价铬的还原效率高达 99.5%。在存在干扰离子的情况下，HDU-27 对六价铬具有极佳的选择性。机理实验和电子自旋共振表征确定了 e- 和 -O2- 自由基是光催化还原 Cr(VI) 的主要活性物种。此外，在 Cr(VI)/有机污染物（RhB、MB、MO）混合体系中，由于有机物的氧化和光生e--h+分离的增加，HDU-27 的光催化速率明显加快。循环实验表明，HDU-27 在光催化还原六价铬方面具有优异的还原稳定性和可回收性。HDU-27 是一种优秀的光催化剂，有望用于去除污染废水中的有机污染物和重金属离子。

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引用次数: 0

Large pyroelectric current generation induced by droplet cooling 液滴冷却诱导产生大热释电电流

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.07.006

Wanying Zhang , Modi Jiang , Yanming Liu , Weizheng Cheng , Yang Li , Kexian Song , Peng Tao , Chengyi Song , Benwei Fu , Tao Deng , Wen Shang

This paper demonstrates an alternative and simple approach for achieving a fast temperature change on a pyroelectric system through droplet cooling, which leads to enhancement in pyroelectric current generation. The pyroelectric system was composed of a pyroelectric layer of lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃) that was sandwiched between two layers of gold/titanium (Au/Ti) as the top and bottom electrodes. Due to both high latent heat and sensible heat of water, there was a rapid heat exchange during the droplet cooling process, and the pyroelectric layer underwent a fast temperature change with the maximum rate of ∼725 °C/s. The induced pyroelectric current density reached as high as ∼8.8 μA/cm². Such pyro-current density is among the highest reported so far. The pyroelectric response was also investigated by using the surfaces with different wettability. The hydrophilic surfaces underwent faster heat dissipation, leading to the generation of larger current than that of the hydrophobic surfaces during the droplet cooling process. This work may help expand the utilization of pyroelectric materials in various applications that involve the current generation using pyroelectric effect.

本文展示了通过液滴冷却实现热释电系统快速温度变化的另一种简单方法，从而增强热释电电流的产生。热释电系统由钽酸锂（LiTaO3）热释电层组成，该层夹在作为上下电极的两层金/钛（Au/Ti）之间。由于水的潜热和显热都很高，液滴冷却过程中热交换迅速，热释电层的温度变化很快，最大变化速率可达 ∼ 725 °C/s。诱导热释电电流密度高达 ∼8.8 μA/cm2。这样的热释电电流密度是迄今为止所报道的最高电流密度之一。我们还使用不同润湿性的表面研究了热释电响应。在液滴冷却过程中，亲水性表面散热更快，产生的电流比疏水表面大。这项工作可能有助于扩大热释电材料在涉及利用热释电效应产生电流的各种应用中的利用。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics simulations of microstructure and dislocation evolution of single-crystal Ni-based superalloys under femtosecond laser loading 飞秒激光加载下单晶镍基超合金微观结构和位错演变的分子动力学模拟

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.06.008

Peng Shen , Xuesong Mei , Tao Sun , Xueshi Zhuo , Xiaomao Sun , Wenjun Wang , Jianlei Cui , Zhengjie Fan

In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the temperature, stress distribution, microstructure and evolution of dislocations in single-crystal Ni-based superalloys during femtosecond laser drilling of micro-holes. The results indicate that the temperature and stress variations in the model system increase with the increment of laser energy density. The pulse width has a relatively low effect on temperature and stress variations. At the same time, an increase in dislocations is primarily related to energy density and stress distribution. The number of dislocations increases with the energy density, with the 1/6<112> dislocation showing the highest increase ratio. The densest concentration of dislocations occurs at the hole walls. Dislocations and stacking faults gradually penetrate the precipitate phase under the influence of temperature and reach a stable state as the relaxation time increases. The above research findings provide important theoretical guidance for understanding the microstructure evolution and changes in the mechanical properties of single-crystal Ni-based superalloys during femtosecond laser processing of micro-holes.

本文采用分子动力学模拟研究了飞秒激光钻微孔过程中单晶镍基超合金的温度、应力分布、微观结构和位错演变。结果表明，模型系统中的温度和应力变化随着激光能量密度的增加而增大。脉冲宽度对温度和应力变化的影响相对较小。同时，位错的增加主要与能量密度和应力分布有关。位错数量随能量密度的增加而增加，其中 1/6<112> 位错的增加比率最高。位错最密集的地方是孔壁。差排和堆积断层在温度的影响下逐渐渗透到析出相中，并随着弛豫时间的增加而达到稳定状态。上述研究成果为理解单晶镍基超合金在飞秒激光加工微孔过程中的微结构演变和力学性能变化提供了重要的理论指导。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal-deposition synthesis of MnO2/MnS nanorods as high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor positive electrode materials 水热沉积合成 MnO2/MnS 纳米棒作为高性能不对称超级电容器正极材料

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.07.023

Ziming Wang , Hanbo Wang , Dongyu Pei , Sheng Wan , Yan Wang , Mingrui Yu , Haiyan Lu

Nanostructuring has shown promise in enhancing the performance of MnO₂ for energy storage in supercapacitors, highlighting its technological significance. This study introduces an innovative synthesis method, employing hydrothermal and constant-pressure deposition techniques, to produce nanostructured MnO₂/MnS rod electrodes on nickel foam. The roded heterostructure enhances specific surface area, conductivity, and symbiotic effect between MnO₂ and MnS. With optimized material and structural advantages, the electrode reaches a capacitance of 977.6 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹, demonstrating extended cycling lifespan. Using MnO₂/MnS-5h rods as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode, the supercapacitor achieves an energy density of 122.23 Wh kg⁻¹ at 898.75 W kg⁻¹. Notably, it maintains 91.55 % capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹, indicating outstanding cycling stability. This research presents a promising solution for efficient energy storage, emphasizing the potential application of the developed MnO₂/MnS based supercapacitor in high-performance energy storage systems.

纳米结构有望提高 MnO2 在超级电容器中的储能性能，凸显了其技术意义。本研究介绍了一种创新的合成方法，采用水热法和恒压沉积技术在泡沫镍上制备纳米结构的 MnO2/MnS 棒电极。棒状异质结构提高了比表面积、导电性以及 MnO2 和 MnS 之间的共生效应。凭借优化的材料和结构优势，该电极在 1 A g-1 电流条件下的电容达到了 977.6 F g-1，显示出更长的循环寿命。该超级电容器以 MnO2/MnS-5h 棒为正极，以活性炭为负极，在 898.75 W kg-1 的条件下实现了 122.23 Wh kg-1 的能量密度。值得注意的是，在 10 A g-1 的条件下循环 5000 次后，它仍能保持 91.55 % 的容量，显示出出色的循环稳定性。这项研究为高效储能提供了一种前景广阔的解决方案，强调了所开发的基于 MnO2/MnS 的超级电容器在高性能储能系统中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

A review of crystal defect-induced element segregation in multi-component alloy steels 多成分合金钢中晶体缺陷诱发的元素偏析综述

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.07.016

Xinyuan Zhang , Dexin Zhu , Chaolei Zhang , Xiaoye Zhou , Hong-Hui Wu , Feiyang Wang , Shuize Wang , Guilin Wu , Junheng Gao , Hiatao Zhao , Jiaming Zhu , Xinping Mao

In multi-component alloy steels, the interplay of chemical interactions among elements and variations in atomic radius often results in element segregation towards defects, markedly influencing the macroscopic material properties. Despite many recent studies reporting defect-dependent element segregation in steel, a comprehensive overview is still lacking. In this work, element segregation at various defects and their influence on steel performance are examined. It specifically delves into the influences of element segregation at dislocation, grain boundary, phase boundary, and precipitate phase interface on the mechanical performance of steel. For each type of crystal defect-induced element segregation, this review discusses the crystallographic structure, segregated microstructure, element segregation distribution, and the corresponding influence of element segregation on the mechanical performance of steel. Finally, this review extensively explores the scientific issues and challenges of element segregation research in steel. It provides valuable insights into the behavior of element segregation in steel and inspires new research directions in other multi-component alloys.

在多组分合金钢中，元素间化学作用的相互作用和原子半径的变化往往会导致元素向缺陷偏析，从而明显影响材料的宏观特性。尽管最近有许多研究报告了钢中依赖于缺陷的元素偏析，但仍然缺乏全面的概述。本研究探讨了各种缺陷处的元素偏析及其对钢材性能的影响。它特别研究了位错、晶界、相界和析出相界面处的元素偏析对钢机械性能的影响。针对每种晶体缺陷引起的元素偏析，本综述讨论了晶体结构、偏析微观结构、元素偏析分布以及元素偏析对钢机械性能的相应影响。最后，本综述广泛探讨了钢中元素偏析研究的科学问题和挑战。它为钢铁中的元素偏析行为提供了有价值的见解，并启发了其他多组分合金的新研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced electrochemical oxidation of benzene and toluene in aqueous environments using Sb–SnO2-doped TiO2 nanotubes modified by hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 使用疏水性聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE) 修饰的 Sb-SnO2 掺杂 TiO2 纳米管增强水环境中苯和甲苯的电化学氧化能力

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.07.017

Yameng Li , Shuo Zhang , Peizhen Yang , Yilin Yang , Fei Chen , Xiang Liu , Miao Li

The presence of benzene and toluene in groundwater poses a serious threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. The electrochemical removal of these contaminants is primarily hindered by the low generation yield of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was electrodeposited onto the surface of Sb–SnO₂-doped TiO₂ nanotubes (TNT/Sb–SnO₂/5PTFE-300) to enhance electrochemical activity. The resulting nanoelectrode achieved removal efficiencies of 96.2 % for benzene and 97.6 % for toluene. The minimal variation in the degradation of benzene and toluene following 8 cycles of use verified its stability. Experiments confirmed that •OH was the primary ROS. Hydrophobic surface of the nanoelectrode promoted the one-electron reaction of H₂O oxidation, leading to •OH concentrations that were 54.0 and 27.5 times higher, respectively, than those produced by Ti/Sb–SnO₂, and 4.7 and 2.0 times higher, respectively, than those produced by TNT/Sb–SnO₂-300. Moreover, intermediate products suggested the ring-opening of benzene and toluene, yielding easily degradable small organic molecules. The electrochemical oxidation (EO) process revealed a competitive relationship between benzene and toluene, with toluene exhibiting stronger competitive effects (kinetic constant was 2.1 times that of benzene). The efficient nanoelectrode provide a novel approach for the removal of benzene and toluene from aquatic environments through EO.

苯和甲苯在地下水中的存在对水生生态系统和人类健康都构成了严重威胁。电化学去除这些污染物的主要障碍是活性氧（ROS）生成量低。在这里，聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）被电沉积到掺杂了 Sb-SnO2 的 TiO2 纳米管（TNT/Sb-SnO2/5PTFE-300）表面，以提高电化学活性。由此产生的纳米电极对苯的去除率达到 96.2%，对甲苯的去除率达到 97.6%。在使用 8 个周期后，苯和甲苯的降解变化极小，这证明了其稳定性。实验证实，-OH 是主要的 ROS。纳米电极的疏水表面促进了 H2O 氧化的单电子反应，导致产生的 -OH 浓度分别是 Ti/Sb-SnO2 产生的 -OH 浓度的 54.0 倍和 27.5 倍，是 TNT/Sb-SnO2-300 产生的 -OH 浓度的 4.7 倍和 2.0 倍。此外，中间产物表明苯和甲苯开环，生成易降解的小有机分子。电化学氧化（EO）过程揭示了苯和甲苯之间的竞争关系，甲苯表现出更强的竞争效应（动力学常数是苯的 2.1 倍）。该高效纳米电极为通过环氧乙烷去除水生环境中的苯和甲苯提供了一种新方法。

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引用次数: 0

Kelp-derived porous carbon for capacitive deionization: Trade-off effect of activation temperature 用于电容去离子的海带多孔碳：活化温度的权衡效应

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.08.008

Changle Li , Shiwei Sun , Wenjie Wu , Dan Luo , Kaidan Zheng , Zhibin Pang , Zeinhom M. El-Bahy , Zhengtong Li , Xingtao Xu

In this paper, a series of kelp-derived porous carbon (KPC) materials were prepared from kelp by using a pyrolysis-activation method, where KOH with a fixed ratio was applied as the activator under varying activation temperature. Eventually, the KPC-based capacitive deionization (CDI) system showed excellent desalination performance, and the desalination capacity of KPC with an activation temperature of 800 °C was highest, reaching 51.33 mg_NaCl g⁻¹ at 1.2 V. This work implies the trade-off effect of the activation temperature for the preparation and application of biomass-derived carbon materials, and provides some insights for carbon-based CDI materials.

本文以海带为原料，采用热解-活化法制备了一系列海带衍生多孔碳（KPC）材料，在不同的活化温度下使用固定比例的KOH作为活化剂。最终，基于 KPC 的电容式去离子（CDI）系统显示出优异的脱盐性能，其中活化温度为 800 ℃ 的 KPC 脱盐能力最高，在 1.2 V 时达到 51.33 mgNaCl g-1。这项研究揭示了活化温度对生物质衍生碳材料制备和应用的权衡效应，并为碳基 CDI 材料提供了一些启示。

引用次数: 0

Super tensile ductility in an as-cast TiVNbTa refractory high-entropy alloy 铸态 TiVNbTa 难熔高熵合金的超强拉伸延展性

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.08.002

Chao Guo , Yuan Xing , Pan Wu , Ruitao Qu , Kexing Song , Feng Liu

Refractory high-entropy alloy (RHEA) usually exhibits a high melting point and hence a very high deformation resistance at high temperatures. However, the relatively poor plasticity at room temperature, i.e., only few RHEAs displaying as-cast tensile ductility, strongly limits the applications of RHEAs as engineering materials. In this work, we show a huge tensile ductility observed in an as-cast TiVNbTa RHEA (∼40 % fracture elongation) accompanying with a high yield strength (∼800 MPa), which are rarely reported properties for RHEAs. The as-cast alloy shows a simple body-centered cubic (BCC) structure with dendrites. Ductile fracture with many dimples is the main fracture mechanism, while no twinning and deformation induced phase transition was observed. The uniform plastic deformation mainly relies on the planar and cross-slip of dislocations. The present result suggests the huge ductility potentials for RHEAs, providing a clue for designs future high performance RHEAs with good ductility.

难熔高熵合金（RHEA）通常具有很高的熔点，因此在高温下具有很强的抗变形能力。然而，RHEA 在室温下的塑性相对较差，即只有极少数 RHEA 具有铸造拉伸延展性，这严重限制了 RHEA 作为工程材料的应用。在这项工作中，我们展示了在一种铸态 TiVNbTa RHEA 中观察到的巨大拉伸延展性（断裂伸长率 ∼ 40%）以及高屈服强度（∼ 800 兆帕），这些都是很少报道的 RHEA 特性。铸态合金呈现出简单的体心立方（BCC）结构，并伴有树枝状突起。具有许多凹痕的韧性断裂是主要的断裂机制，而没有观察到孪晶和变形诱导的相变。均匀塑性变形主要依赖于位错的平面和交叉滑移。本研究结果表明 RHEAs 具有巨大的延展性潜力，为未来设计具有良好延展性的高性能 RHEAs 提供了线索。

引用次数: 0

Preparation of porous (Mo2/3Y1/3)2AlC and its hydrogen evolution reaction performance 多孔 (Mo2/3Y1/3)2AlC 的制备及其氢进化反应性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2024.09.002

Siwei Tan, Junsheng Yang, Jie Li, Gan Xiao, Baogang Wang, Wenkai Jiang, Heng Zhang, Xuejin Yang

Porous (Mo_2/3Y_1/3)₂AlC MAX phase ceramic was prepared by reaction sintering method using Mo, Y, Al, and graphite powder as raw materials. The influence of changes in Al content on the purity of the obtained samples was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Archimedes method, and bubble point method. The conditions for obtaining a pure phase were identified, and the transformation path of the phase during sintering and the mechanism of pore formation were provided. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) cure and cyclic voltammetry (CV) cure of MAX were tested using an electrochemical workstation. It can be calculated that MAX exhibits good hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance under alkaline conditions due to its high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of 373.2 and small Tafel slope of 41.7 mV·dec⁻¹.

以 Mo、Y、Al 和石墨粉为原料，采用反应烧结法制备了多孔 (Mo2/3Y1/3)2AlC MAX 相陶瓷。利用 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、阿基米德法和气泡点法研究了铝含量的变化对所得样品纯度的影响。确定了获得纯相的条件，并提供了烧结过程中相的转化路径和孔隙形成的机理。利用电化学工作站测试了 MAX 的线性扫描伏安法（LSV）固化和循环伏安法（CV）固化。通过计算可知，MAX 在碱性条件下具有良好的氢进化反应（HER）性能，因为它具有 373.2 的高电化学活性表面积（ECSA）和 41.7 mV-dec-1 的小 Tafel 斜坡。

引用次数: 0

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