Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.03.015
Zhenchang Xu , Xinliang Li , Baoyu Cai , Guipeng Liu , Luchun Yan , Kewei Gao
As one of the major corrosion forms of aluminum alloys in atmospheric environments, pitting corrosion is characterized by stochastic development and non-uniform progression, which challenges the accurate prediction of pitting corrosion behavior. This study employs an integrated approach combining laboratory-accelerated corrosion testing with finite element modeling (FEM) to elucidate critical environmental factors governing localized corrosion behavior. The incorporation of micro-galvanic current density parameters derived from FEM analysis demonstrates significant prediction capacity enhancement, achieving 17.9 % and 35.5 % (MAE values) improvements in pit area and depth prediction accuracy respectively compared to conventional experimental data-driven machine learning approaches. Furthermore, the developed machine learning framework enables probabilistic prediction of pit dimension distributions, establishing a holistic methodology for comprehensive early-stage pitting assessment in aluminum alloys.
{"title":"Accurate prediction of pitting corrosion in aluminum alloys via integrated multi-model methods","authors":"Zhenchang Xu , Xinliang Li , Baoyu Cai , Guipeng Liu , Luchun Yan , Kewei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>As one of the major corrosion forms of aluminum alloys<span> in atmospheric environments, pitting corrosion<span> is characterized by stochastic development and non-uniform progression, which challenges the accurate prediction of pitting corrosion behavior. This study employs an integrated approach combining laboratory-accelerated </span></span></span>corrosion testing with </span>finite element modeling (FEM) to elucidate critical environmental factors governing </span>localized corrosion<span> behavior. The incorporation of micro-galvanic current density parameters derived from FEM analysis demonstrates significant prediction capacity enhancement, achieving 17.9 % and 35.5 % (MAE values) improvements in pit area and depth prediction accuracy respectively compared to conventional experimental data-driven machine learning approaches. Furthermore, the developed machine learning framework enables probabilistic prediction of pit dimension distributions, establishing a holistic methodology for comprehensive early-stage pitting assessment in aluminum alloys.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 701-711"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.006
Shilong Chen , Lei Sun , Mengdong Ma , Li Zhu , Baozhong Li , Tianye Jin , Yang Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Wei Sun , Bing Liu , Zhisheng Zhao , Junyun Chen
Ultrafine-grained TiCN ceramics exhibiting enhanced mechanical performance were successfully fabricated by high-pressure sintering technology. Systematic investigations were conducted to assess the impacts of sintering temperature on grain size, relative density, hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength. The optimized samples, sintered at 6 GPa and 1400 °C, achieved near-theoretical density (99.2 ± 0.2 % relative density) while preserving an ultrafine-grained microstructure with an average grain size of 270 ± 36 nm. This microstructure demonstrated exceptional mechanical properties, exhibiting a synergistic enhancement in both Vickers hardness (22.6 ± 0.4 GPa) and fracture toughness (3.6 ± 0.2 MPa m1/2) compared with spark plasma sintered coarse-grained TiCN ceramics and high pressure sintered submicron-grained TiCN ceramics. Notably, ultrafine-grained TiCN ceramics retained a Vickers hardness of 12.5 ± 0.4 GPa at 800 °C, which is 38.8 % higher than that of submicron-grained TiCN ceramics. The superior mechanical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of grain refinement-induced strengthening and microcrack deflection-assisted toughening mechanisms.
{"title":"High-pressure sintering of ultrafine-grained TiCN ceramics","authors":"Shilong Chen , Lei Sun , Mengdong Ma , Li Zhu , Baozhong Li , Tianye Jin , Yang Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Wei Sun , Bing Liu , Zhisheng Zhao , Junyun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Ultrafine-grained TiCN ceramics exhibiting enhanced mechanical performance were successfully fabricated by high-pressure sintering technology. Systematic investigations were conducted to assess the impacts of </span>sintering temperature<span> on grain size, relative density, hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength<span>. The optimized samples, sintered at 6 GPa and 1400 °C, achieved near-theoretical density (99.2 ± 0.2 % relative density) while preserving an ultrafine-grained microstructure with an average grain size of 270 ± 36 nm. This microstructure demonstrated exceptional mechanical properties, exhibiting a synergistic enhancement in both Vickers hardness (22.6 ± 0.4 GPa) and fracture toughness (3.6 ± 0.2 MPa m</span></span></span><sup>1/2</sup>) compared with spark plasma sintered coarse-grained TiCN ceramics and high pressure sintered submicron-grained TiCN ceramics. Notably, ultrafine-grained TiCN ceramics retained a Vickers hardness of 12.5 ± 0.4 GPa at 800 °C, which is 38.8 % higher than that of submicron-grained TiCN ceramics. The superior mechanical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of grain refinement-induced strengthening and microcrack deflection-assisted toughening mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 689-695"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.002
Xinyu Zhong, Miaomiao Zheng, Rushuo Li, Xiubing Huang, Ge Wang
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are recognized as promising catalysts for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their exceptional properties. However, identifying the most efficient MOF candidates remains challenging. In this study, the ROS generation performance of MOFs was predicted using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and a multi-step high-throughput screening process. This screening involved evaluations of structural stability, pore size, adsorption capacity, open metal sites, O2 activation potential, and free energy simulations of reaction pathways. As a result, several MOFs (i.e., Cu-tris(4-aminophenyl)amine (Cu-MOF), Zn-2-H-MeIM (Zn-MOF), and Ce-2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic) (Ce-MOF) were identified as potential catalysts for ROS generation under both light and dark conditions. Especially, Cu-MOF was identified as the most efficient catalyst, generating 7.52 mmol g−1 H2O2 in 1 h under light irradiation, and 2.88 mmol g−1 H2O2 in the dark. Furthermore, the polarity of coordination bonds between the metal atoms and ligand atoms in the ligands was found to significantly influence O2 activation. The ROS generation trend of MOFs was consistent with the polarity of these coordination bonds. The sterilization efficiency of Cu-MOF and Zn-MOF reached 99.9 % after 40 min of light exposure, while after 100 min in the dark, the efficiencies were 99.9 % and 41.6 %, respectively. This trend was closely related to the variation in the polarity of coordination bonds. This work provides a strategy and methodology for high-throughput screening of MOFs.
{"title":"High-throughput screening of efficient Metal-Organic Frameworks for the generation of reactive oxygen species","authors":"Xinyu Zhong, Miaomiao Zheng, Rushuo Li, Xiubing Huang, Ge Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are recognized as promising catalysts for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their exceptional properties. However, identifying the most efficient MOF candidates remains challenging. In this study, the ROS generation performance of MOFs was predicted using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and a multi-step high-throughput screening process. This screening involved evaluations of structural stability, pore size, </span>adsorption capacity, open metal sites, O</span><sub>2</sub><span> activation potential, and free energy simulations of reaction pathways. As a result, several MOFs (i.e., Cu-tris(4-aminophenyl)amine (Cu-MOF), Zn-2-H-MeIM (Zn-MOF), and Ce-2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic) (Ce-MOF) were identified as potential catalysts for ROS generation under both light and dark conditions. Especially, Cu-MOF was identified as the most efficient catalyst, generating 7.52 mmol g</span><sup>−1</sup> H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub><span> in 1 h under light irradiation, and 2.88 mmol g</span><sup>−1</sup> H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in the dark. Furthermore, the polarity of coordination bonds between the metal atoms and ligand atoms in the ligands was found to significantly influence O<sub>2</sub> activation. The ROS generation trend of MOFs was consistent with the polarity of these coordination bonds. The sterilization efficiency of Cu-MOF and Zn-MOF reached 99.9 % after 40 min of light exposure, while after 100 min in the dark, the efficiencies were 99.9 % and 41.6 %, respectively. This trend was closely related to the variation in the polarity of coordination bonds. This work provides a strategy and methodology for high-throughput screening of MOFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 764-772"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.003
Qi Shao , Yi Yang , Huimin Liang , Kerui Zhang , Zeyu Ma , Wenwu Wang , Zilu Hu , Rui Wang , Jibing Chen , Yulai Han , Liang He
Plastics are the choice for package of products, medical implants, and other applications. But the transformation of plastics into minuscule particles, known as micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs, microplastics’ size <5 mm and nanoplastics’ size <1 μm), through physical action or chemical degradation, led to their widespread presence in virtually every ecosystem, and there are concerns about their impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, establishing standardized lines for maximum concentrations of MNPs in a system is essential to ensure the coexistence of MNPs with nature as well as humans. However, the complexity and diversity of MNPs in terms of size, polymer type, and density make the identification and quantification of MNPs a significant challenge. This review introduces representative treatment processes for purification or extraction of MNPs from environmental samples, and the advanced methods for quantitative analysis of MNPs. Special attention is paid to techniques related to the quantitative analysis of MNPs, and the advantages and limitations of these methods are discussed. Moreover, the necessity of establishing harmonized and standardized methods for the quantitative analysis of MNPs in investigating standardized lines of maximum concentrations of MNPs in the systems is envisioned, and the challenges and urgent issues with concerns for the future are discussed and summarized.
{"title":"Progresses in treatment processes and quantification strategies of micro- and nanoplastics","authors":"Qi Shao , Yi Yang , Huimin Liang , Kerui Zhang , Zeyu Ma , Wenwu Wang , Zilu Hu , Rui Wang , Jibing Chen , Yulai Han , Liang He","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Plastics are the choice for package of products, medical implants, and other applications. But the transformation of plastics into minuscule particles, known as micro- and </span>nanoplastics (MNPs, microplastics’ size <5 mm and nanoplastics’ size <1 μm), through physical action or </span>chemical degradation<span>, led to their widespread presence in virtually every ecosystem, and there are concerns about their impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, establishing standardized lines for maximum concentrations of MNPs in a system is essential to ensure the coexistence of MNPs with nature as well as humans. However, the complexity and diversity of MNPs in terms of size, polymer type, and density make the identification and quantification of MNPs a significant challenge. This review introduces representative treatment processes for purification or extraction of MNPs from environmental samples, and the advanced methods for quantitative analysis of MNPs. Special attention is paid to techniques related to the quantitative analysis of MNPs, and the advantages and limitations of these methods are discussed. Moreover, the necessity of establishing harmonized and standardized methods for the quantitative analysis of MNPs in investigating standardized lines of maximum concentrations of MNPs in the systems is envisioned, and the challenges and urgent issues with concerns for the future are discussed and summarized.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 666-682"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.013
Dong Luo , Xuanhe Yang , Yuan Xiao , He Zhu
Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides (LMRs) are a type of ideal cathode material for the next-generation high-energy Li-ion batteries due to their ultrahigh reversible capacity over 250 mAh g−1. Their extraordinary capacity originates from the unique coherent nanodomains of hexagonal LiTMO2 and monoclinic Li2MnO3, which promotes LMRs to have hybrid redox chemistry of anions and cations. However, oxygen anion redox process will induce a decrease in the diffusion coefficient and the irreversible oxygen release, and the resulting oxygen vacancies may accelerate the migration of transition metals. Therefore, the LMR cathodes always suffer from four challenges: poor rate capability, low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), substantial capacity degradation and voltage decay, which seriously restrict the large-scale application. Herein, this work will combine with the literature reports and the research results of our team over the past ten years, briefly present the viewpoints on solving the above problems of LMRs.
富含锂和锰的层状氧化物（LMRs）具有超过250 mAh g−1的超高可逆容量，是下一代高能锂离子电池的理想正极材料。它们非凡的能力源于六方LiTMO2和单斜Li2MnO3独特的相干纳米结构域，这促进了LMRs具有阴离子和阳离子的混合氧化还原化学。然而，氧阴离子氧化还原过程会导致扩散系数的降低和氧的不可逆释放，由此产生的氧空位会加速过渡金属的迁移。因此，LMR阴极一直面临着速率性能差、初始库仑效率（ICE）低、容量退化和电压衰减严重等四大挑战，严重制约了LMR阴极的大规模应用。在此，本工作将结合文献报道和我们团队近十年的研究成果，简要介绍解决LMRs上述问题的观点。
{"title":"Insights into the challenges and potential solutions of Li- and Mn-rich layered cathode materials","authors":"Dong Luo , Xuanhe Yang , Yuan Xiao , He Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Li- and Mn-rich layered oxides<span> (LMRs) are a type of ideal cathode material for the next-generation high-energy Li-ion batteries due to their ultrahigh reversible capacity over 250 mAh g</span></span><sup>−1</sup>. Their extraordinary capacity originates from the unique coherent nanodomains of hexagonal LiTMO<sub>2</sub><span> and monoclinic Li</span><sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub><span><span>, which promotes LMRs to have hybrid redox chemistry of anions and cations. However, oxygen anion </span>redox process<span><span> will induce a decrease in the diffusion coefficient and the irreversible oxygen release, and the resulting </span>oxygen vacancies<span> may accelerate the migration of transition metals. Therefore, the LMR cathodes always suffer from four challenges: poor rate capability, low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), substantial capacity degradation and voltage decay, which seriously restrict the large-scale application. Herein, this work will combine with the literature reports and the research results of our team over the past ten years, briefly present the viewpoints on solving the above problems of LMRs.</span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 696-700"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.004
Dezhi Geng , Huan Feng , Lei Ma , Fang Wu , Qi Wang , Jie Hou
Tailoring the B-site atomic environment in K2NiF4-type materials offers a strategic approach to optimize electrocatalytic performance. Herein, Co-doping is introduced into the manganite-based La0.5Sr1.5MnO4+δ (LSMO) to generate additional oxygen vacancies and establish Mn4+/Mn3+ and Co4+/Co3+ redox couples, which create efficient electron-hopping pathways and enhance electrocatalytic activity. The resultant La0.5Sr1.5Mn0.8Co0.2O4+δ (LSMCO) cathode demonstrates exceptional performance in a protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC), delivering a peak power density of 1491 mW cm−2 with a low polarization resistance of 0.095 Ω cm2 at 700 °C. These metrics significantly surpass those of LSMO-based and Ln2NiO4-based cathodes reported in prior studies. The superior performance stems from accelerated oxygen ion migration and enhanced protonation kinetics in LSMCO, as evidenced by electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) experiments, which promote faster electrode reaction. Coupled with robust durability with minimal degradation, LSMCO emerges as a leading PCFC cathode candidate. This study underscores the effectiveness of Co-doping in reconfiguring the B-site atomic environment of Mn-based K2NiF4-related materials, providing critical insights for designing high-performance electrocatalysts. The findings highlight a viable pathway for advancing materials in energy conversion technologies, emphasizing the synergy between tailored atomic environments and optimized redox activity for next-generation fuel cells.
调整k2nif4型材料的b位原子环境为优化电催化性能提供了一种策略方法。本文将共掺杂引入到锰基La0.5Sr1.5MnO4+δ (LSMO)中，产生额外的氧空位，并建立Mn4+/Mn3+和Co4+/Co3+氧化还原对，从而形成高效的电子跳迁途径，提高电催化活性。所得的La0.5Sr1.5Mn0.8Co0.2O4+δ (LSMCO)阴极在质子陶瓷燃料电池（PCFC）中表现出优异的性能，在700°C时提供1491 mW cm - 2的峰值功率密度和0.095 Ω cm2的低极化电阻。这些指标明显超过了先前研究中报道的基于lmos和基于ln2nio4的阴极。电导率弛豫（ECR）实验证明，LSMCO的优异性能源于氧离子迁移加速和质子化动力学增强，从而促进了电极反应的加快。LSMCO具有耐用性强、降解率低的特点，是PCFC阴极的主要候选材料。这项研究强调了共掺杂在重新配置mn基k2nif4相关材料的b位原子环境中的有效性，为设计高性能电催化剂提供了重要的见解。这一发现为推进能量转换技术中的材料提供了一条可行的途径，强调了下一代燃料电池在定制原子环境和优化氧化还原活性之间的协同作用。
{"title":"Modulating B-site atomic environment via Co-doping to meliorate La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 cathode electrocatalysis for protonic ceramic fuel cells","authors":"Dezhi Geng , Huan Feng , Lei Ma , Fang Wu , Qi Wang , Jie Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tailoring the B-site atomic environment in K<sub>2</sub>NiF<sub>4</sub>-type materials offers a strategic approach to optimize electrocatalytic performance. Herein, Co-doping is introduced into the manganite-based La<sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>1.5</sub>MnO<sub>4+δ</sub><span> (LSMO) to generate additional oxygen vacancies and establish Mn</span><sup>4+</sup>/Mn<sup>3+</sup> and Co<sup>4+</sup>/Co<sup>3+</sup><span> redox couples<span>, which create efficient electron-hopping pathways and enhance electrocatalytic activity. The resultant La</span></span><sub>0.5</sub>Sr<sub>1.5</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>4+δ</sub><span><span> (LSMCO) cathode demonstrates exceptional performance in a protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC), delivering a </span>peak power density of 1491 mW cm</span><sup>−2</sup> with a low polarization resistance of 0.095 Ω cm<sup>2</sup> at 700 °C. These metrics significantly surpass those of LSMO-based and Ln<sub>2</sub>NiO<sub>4</sub><span><span>-based cathodes reported in prior studies. The superior performance stems from accelerated oxygen ion migration and enhanced </span>protonation<span> kinetics in LSMCO, as evidenced by electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) experiments, which promote faster electrode reaction. Coupled with robust durability with minimal degradation, LSMCO emerges as a leading PCFC cathode candidate. This study underscores the effectiveness of Co-doping in reconfiguring the B-site atomic environment of Mn-based K</span></span><sub>2</sub>NiF<sub>4</sub><span>-related materials, providing critical insights for designing high-performance electrocatalysts. The findings highlight a viable pathway for advancing materials in energy conversion technologies, emphasizing the synergy between tailored atomic environments and optimized redox activity for next-generation fuel cells.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 773-779"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.007
Gaowei Li , Yuze Xi , Ming Yao , Yawei Li , Haixiang Huang , Bogu Liu , Bao Zhang , Jianguang Yuan , Ying Wu
Metal hydride (MH) reactors are key components in industrial-scale storage and transport of hydrogen, offering benefits such as high volumetric hydrogen storage density and safety. However, the application of large-scale tanks is constrained by the significant heat generated during hydrogen absorption. This study investigates the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the Mg92Ni4La1Mn3 alloy. A model is developed to optimize the hydrogen absorption performance of the Mg-based MH reactor by incorporating heat exchange tubes and fins. This approach significantly enhances hydrogen absorption kinetics. The Straight tube + Spiral fins reactor (ST-SFR) shows excellent hydrogen absorption performance as well as heat transfer efficiency. Based on the 5 Straight tube reactor (5ST-R), a three-dimensional model of 5 Straight tube + Spiral fin reactor (5ST-SFR) is designed, incorporating five heat exchange tubes and spiral fins to facilitate efficient heat transfer. Through simulation and analysis, the optimal operating parameters are determined: hydrogen supply pressure of 2.0 MPa, initial temperature of 513 K, and HTF flow velocity of 2.0 m/s. Compared to the 5ST-R, the 5ST-SFR reduces the time required to reach 95 % hydrogen absorption (t95 % = 260.3 s) by 27.5 % and decreases the required HTF mass flow rate by 47.6 %. The established mathematical model and reactor structure design provide technical support for the advancement and utilization of large-scale Mg-based MH reactors.
{"title":"Significant enhancement of hydrogen absorption performance by optimizing structure and operating parameters in magnesium-based alloy hydrogen storage reactors","authors":"Gaowei Li , Yuze Xi , Ming Yao , Yawei Li , Haixiang Huang , Bogu Liu , Bao Zhang , Jianguang Yuan , Ying Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Metal hydride (MH) reactors are key components in industrial-scale storage and transport of hydrogen, offering benefits such as high volumetric </span>hydrogen storage density and safety. However, the application of large-scale tanks is constrained by the significant heat generated during </span>hydrogen absorption. This study investigates the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the Mg</span><sub>92</sub>Ni<sub>4</sub>La<sub>1</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub><span> alloy. A model is developed to optimize the hydrogen absorption performance of the Mg-based MH reactor by incorporating heat exchange tubes and fins. This approach significantly enhances hydrogen absorption kinetics. The Straight tube + Spiral fins reactor (ST-SFR) shows excellent hydrogen absorption performance as well as heat transfer efficiency. Based on the 5 Straight tube reactor (5ST-R), a three-dimensional model of 5 Straight tube + Spiral fin reactor (5ST-SFR) is designed, incorporating five heat exchange tubes and spiral fins to facilitate efficient heat transfer. Through simulation and analysis, the optimal operating parameters are determined: hydrogen supply pressure of 2.0 MPa, initial temperature of 513 K, and HTF flow velocity of 2.0 m/s. Compared to the 5ST-R, the 5ST-SFR reduces the time required to reach 95 % hydrogen absorption (</span><em>t</em><sub>95 %</sub><span> = 260.3 s) by 27.5 % and decreases the required HTF mass flow rate by 47.6 %. The established mathematical model and reactor structure design provide technical support for the advancement and utilization of large-scale Mg-based MH reactors.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 834-845"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.04.004
Waqas Farid, Hailiang Yu
Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with titanium carbide (TiC) particles were fabricated through accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and cryorolling. This study explores the effect of ARB temperatures (373 K, 473 K, 623 K, and 723 K) on the dispersion of TiC particles, followed by cryorolling to assess the influence on mechanical properties. This research also focuses on the TiC-Al interface, as its bonding strength plays a significant role in composite performance. Microstructural analyses using SEM, EDS, and TEM revealed that ARB processing at 623 K followed by cryorolling resulted in the most homogeneous TiC distribution and optimal interface bonding, leading to significant improvements in mechanical properties. The study emphasizes the importance of controlling processing temperature and cycles to achieve a uniform dispersion of TiC particles and maintain an effective interface between TiC and the aluminum matrix. While lower ARB temperatures (373 K and 473 K) resulted in particle clustering, higher ARB temperatures (723 K) caused grain coarsening, leading to suboptimal strengthening. This research provides new insights into tailoring processing conditions to enhance both microstructure and mechanical performance of TiC-reinforced AMCs for advanced engineering applications.
{"title":"Developing aluminum matrix composites through microstructure optimization and particle reinforcement via ARB and cryorolling","authors":"Waqas Farid, Hailiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Aluminum </span>matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with </span>titanium carbide<span> (TiC) particles were fabricated through accumulative roll bonding (ARB) and cryorolling. This study explores the effect of ARB temperatures (373 K, 473 K, 623 K, and 723 K) on the dispersion of TiC particles, followed by cryorolling to assess the influence on mechanical properties. This research also focuses on the TiC-Al interface, as its bonding </span></span>strength<span> plays a significant role in composite performance. Microstructural analyses<span> using SEM, EDS<span><span>, and TEM revealed that ARB processing at 623 K followed by cryorolling resulted in the most homogeneous TiC distribution and optimal interface bonding, leading to significant improvements in mechanical properties. The study emphasizes the importance of controlling processing temperature and cycles to achieve a uniform dispersion of TiC particles and maintain an effective interface between TiC and the aluminum matrix. While lower ARB temperatures (373 K and 473 K) resulted in particle clustering, higher ARB temperatures (723 K) caused </span>grain coarsening<span>, leading to suboptimal strengthening. This research provides new insights into tailoring processing conditions to enhance both microstructure and mechanical performance of TiC-reinforced AMCs for advanced engineering applications.</span></span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 724-736"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.008
Xintong Yan, Yu Zhang, Yonghui Ye, Wenbo Zhao, Siyang Wang, Shi Hu
Composite separators are widely used in alkaline water electrolysis due to their superior corrosion resistance. Herein, we obtained a series of separators with enhanced hydrophilicity, including a denser and smoother surface, by introducing additives and a heating treatment during the pre-evaporation process. Specifically, the interstitial strategy can be employed to address the issue of inadequate structural stability induced by conventional hydrophilic additives, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, by utilizing TiO2 with hydrophilicity and particle size differences from ZrO2. This approach optimizes the hydrophilicity and pore size distribution, while enhancing the ductility. Z8T2 exhibits superior overall performance with an area resistance of merely 0.103 Ω·cm2, substantially outperforming the commercial Zirfon UTP500 (0.3 Ω·cm2). Using Raney Ni and NiFe-LDH as catalysts, the electrolyzer achieves a current density of 1401 mA/cm2 at 1.9 V, demonstrating a significant improvement comparing with commercial Zirfon UTP500 (1053 mA/cm2). The separator exhibits remarkable stability at a current density of 400 mA/cm2 for 300 h in 30 wt% KOH solution at 80°C and is also reused. This work provides a simple and universal strategy for process operation and additive control.
{"title":"The interstitial composite separators constructed by flat-engineering for high-efficiency alkaline water electrolysis","authors":"Xintong Yan, Yu Zhang, Yonghui Ye, Wenbo Zhao, Siyang Wang, Shi Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Composite separators are widely used in alkaline water electrolysis due to their superior </span>corrosion resistance. Herein, we obtained a series of separators with enhanced </span>hydrophilicity, including a denser and smoother surface, by introducing additives and a heating treatment during the pre-evaporation process. Specifically, the interstitial strategy can be employed to address the issue of inadequate structural stability induced by conventional hydrophilic additives, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, by utilizing TiO</span><sub>2</sub> with hydrophilicity and particle size differences from ZrO<sub>2</sub><span>. This approach optimizes the hydrophilicity and pore size distribution, while enhancing the ductility. Z</span><sub>8</sub>T<sub>2</sub> exhibits superior overall performance with an area resistance of merely 0.103 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, substantially outperforming the commercial Zirfon UTP500 (0.3 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup><span>). Using Raney Ni and NiFe-LDH as catalysts, the electrolyzer achieves a current density of 1401 mA/cm</span><sup>2</sup> at 1.9 V, demonstrating a significant improvement comparing with commercial Zirfon UTP500 (1053 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>). The separator exhibits remarkable stability at a current density of 400 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 300 h in 30 wt% KOH solution at 80°C and is also reused. This work provides a simple and universal strategy for process operation and additive control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 807-813"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.004
Ding Zhao , Jiangkun Fan , Zesen Chen , Wenyuan Zhang , Zhixin Zhang , Bin Tang , Jian Wang , Hongchao Kou , Jinshan Li
This study, through in-situ EBSD, confirmed that basal slip in α-phase grains is the key driver of bending plastic deformation in near-α titanium alloy foils. A strong positive correlation was found between basal slip activation and the extent of plastic deformation. In contrast, the activation of prismatic slip exhibited a random distribution with no correlation to the bending plastic deformation, despite being the more easily activated slip system.
{"title":"Deciphering the dominant slip mechanism in bending deformation of Ti65 alloy foil through in-situ characterization","authors":"Ding Zhao , Jiangkun Fan , Zesen Chen , Wenyuan Zhang , Zhixin Zhang , Bin Tang , Jian Wang , Hongchao Kou , Jinshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>This study, through in-situ EBSD, confirmed that </span>basal slip<span> in α-phase grains is the key driver of bending plastic deformation<span> in near-α titanium alloy<span> foils. A strong positive correlation was found between basal slip activation and the extent of plastic deformation<span><span>. In contrast, the activation of prismatic slip exhibited a random distribution with no correlation to the bending </span>plastic deformation, despite being the more easily activated slip system.</span></span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20742,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Natural Science: Materials International","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 683-688"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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