Progress in Natural Science: Materials International最新文献_第2页

Non-Hermitian phonon quantization controlled through different phases of Eu3+: BiPO4 Eu3+: BiPO4不同相控制非厄米声子量子化

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.09.007

Muhammad Qasim Khan , Iqbal Hussain , Faisal Nadeem , Nadir Khan , Mudassir , Huanrong Fan , Changbiao Li , Yanpeng Zhang

This study investigates a novel phenomenon of non-Hermitian phonon quantization in Eu³⁺: BiPO₄ crystals controlled by different phases. The hexagonal (H) -phase (0.5:1) with low symmetry has strongest destructive gamma phonon quantization as compare to high symmetry phases H-Monoclinic (M) phases (12:1, 1:1) in fluorescence (FL) region, while strong constructive dominant dressing quantization exhibits due to higher phonon density of states in spontaneous four wave mixing (SFWM) region. Strong Spectral Autler-Townes (SAT) is observed in (6:1) phase at small angle and time gate position (GP = 500 ns), while, strong Temporal Autler-Townes (TAT) is studied at GP = 1ns. Also, (6:1) exhibits angle destructive quantization in FL region. Comparison between the H-M (12:1) phase and H = M (6:1) phases reveals that the H-M phase exhibits stronger destructive gamma quantization in FL region due to larger gamma phonon in (12:1) phase. Moreover, H-phase (0.5:1) exhibits large number of phonon density and shows strong constructive quantization as compare to M-phase (7:1) in SWFM region. Additionally, two destructive dressing quantization are observed in fluorescence region where gamma quantization is affected by additional laser. This work establishes a deterministic relation between non-Hermitian phonon quantization and different phases of Eu³⁺: BiPO₄, enabling applications in quantum memory and tunable bandpass filters. The Band pass filter control through phonon quantization with different phases of Eu³⁺: BiPO₄.

本文研究了不同相控制的Eu3+: BiPO4晶体中非厄米声子量子化的新现象。低对称性的六方(H)相（0.5:1）与高对称性的H-单斜(M)相（12:1,1:1）相比，在荧光（FL）区具有最强的破坏性伽马声子量子化，而在自发四波混频（SFWM）区，由于态的声子密度更高，具有强的建设性优势修饰量子化。在小角度和时间门位置（GP = 500 ns）观测到（6:1）相的强谱奥特勒-汤（SAT），而在GP = 1ns处观测到强时域奥特勒-汤（TAT）。（6:1）在FL区表现出角度破坏量化。H-M（12:1）相和H = M（6:1）相的对比表明，由于（12:1）相中γ声子较大，H-M相在FL区表现出更强的破坏性γ量子化。此外，在SWFM区域，h相（0.5:1）比m相（7:1）表现出大量声子密度和强的构造量化。另外，在伽马量化受到附加激光影响的荧光区观察到两个破坏性的修饰量化。这项工作建立了非厄米声子量子化与Eu3+: BiPO4不同相位之间的确定性关系，使其在量子存储器和可调谐带通滤波器中的应用成为可能。用不同相的Eu3+: BiPO4进行声子量化的带通滤波器控制。

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引用次数: 0

Performance and mechanism of nitrogen-doped carbon-based catalysts in NH3-SCR reaction 氮掺杂碳基催化剂在NH3-SCR反应中的性能及机理

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.003

Yuejin Li , Xu Liu , Anshe Zhang , Weimin Zhao , Fangjun Shao , Shijie Zhang , Zihao Yao

The present study investigates the performance and mechanism of nitrogen-doped carbon-based catalysts in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactions for removing nitrogen oxides (NO_x) through a combination of experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A series of catalysts with a gradient distribution of nitrogen content were prepared, and the types, contents, and structural characteristics of their nitrogen-containing functional groups were characterised. The experimental findings demonstrated that with an increase in nitrogen content, there was an initial rise and subsequent decrease in NO conversion among the catalysts. The AC-N-3 catalyst exhibited the highest NO conversion, with an observed value of 83.0 %. DFT calculations revealed that nitrogen doping enhanced the adsorption capacity of the catalysts for NO and O₂ through the introduction of functional groups. The active centre is located at the nitrogen functional group and its adjacent carbon atom. The centre of the molecule is responsible for driving the charge migration process, which in turn causes a stretching of the bond length of the reactants. This effect leads to the efficient preactivation of the reactants, thereby significantly enhancing their catalytic activity. Through the analysis of the NH₃-SCR reaction pathway, the fundamental steps of the reaction were presented in a comprehensible manner.

本研究通过实验和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算相结合，研究了氮掺杂碳基催化剂在选择性催化还原（SCR）反应中去除氮氧化物（NOx）的性能和机理。制备了一系列氮含量呈梯度分布的催化剂，并对其含氮官能团的种类、含量和结构特征进行了表征。实验结果表明，随着氮含量的增加，催化剂间NO转化率呈现先上升后下降的趋势。AC-N-3催化剂的NO转化率最高，达到83.0%。DFT计算表明，氮掺杂通过引入官能团增强了催化剂对NO和O2的吸附能力。活性中心位于氮官能团及其相邻的碳原子上。分子的中心负责驱动电荷迁移过程，这反过来又导致反应物的键长拉长。这种效应导致了反应物的有效预活化，从而显著提高了它们的催化活性。通过对NH3-SCR反应途径的分析，给出了反应的基本步骤。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the hot deformation behavior of Ti6Al4V alloys produced by powder metallurgy and forging 研究了粉末冶金和锻造制备的Ti6Al4V合金的热变形行为

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.006

Yu Pan , Xinjing Wang , Guanghao Shi , Jianbo Tong , Jinshan Zhang , Xin Lu

Powder metallurgy (PM), as an advanced manufacturing method, offers different microstructures and mechanical properties for titanium (Ti) alloys compared to forging metallurgy (FM). Therefore, investigating the hot deformation behaviour of PM and FM Ti alloys is of great significance. Herein, we systematically study the hot workability and hot deformed microstructure of PM and FM Ti6Al4V alloys deformed at 1000 °C–1200 °C and 0.01 s⁻¹∼10 s⁻¹ strain rates, so as to compare the different hot working properties. The true stress-strain curves were drawn through the isothermal compression tests, and the constitutive equations as well as hot processing maps of PM and FM alloys were further constructed. Results show that the PM alloy displays smaller hot deformation resistance, larger hot working safe zone and smaller instable zone when compared with FM alloy. PM alloy has higher dynamic recrystallization (DRX) degree. In DRX process, the PM alloy was dominated by discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), while the FM alloy was dominated by continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX). This work reveals the difference between PM and FM Ti6Al4V alloys in hot deformation behavior and hot working properties, and further explains the underlying deformation mechanism.

粉末冶金作为一种先进的钛合金制造方法，其显微组织和力学性能与锻造冶金不同。因此，研究PM和FM钛合金的热变形行为具有重要意义。本文系统地研究了在1000°C - 1200°C、0.01 s−1 ~ 10 s−1应变速率下变形的PM和FM Ti6Al4V合金的热加工性能和热变形组织，以比较不同的热加工性能。通过等温压缩试验绘制了PM和FM合金的真应力应变曲线，并进一步构建了PM和FM合金的本构方程和热加工图。结果表明，与FM合金相比，PM合金具有更小的热变形抗力、更大的热加工安全区和更小的不稳定区。PM合金具有较高的动态再结晶（DRX）度。在DRX过程中，PM合金以不连续动态再结晶（DDRX）为主，而FM合金以连续动态再结晶（CDRX）为主。本工作揭示了PM和FM Ti6Al4V合金在热变形行为和热加工性能上的差异，并进一步解释了潜在的变形机制。

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引用次数: 0

Atomic understanding of effect of rhenium on thermomechanical fatigue properties of Ni-based single crystal superalloys 铼对ni基单晶高温合金热疲劳性能影响的原子认识

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.02.001

Wenping Wu , Zijun Ding , Zhiqi Xue , Yuan Gao , Chao Yu , Guozheng Kang

In this paper, atomic simulation of the thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) behavior of Ni-based single crystal superalloys has been achieved, and the effect of Rhenium (Re) on the TMF properties are studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The reasons why 3%Re improving TMF properties of superalloys are explained from an atomic perspective. The results show that adding 3%Re to the superalloys can increase the cyclic stress amplitude and plastic deformation resistance, reduce the dislocation density and plastic strain energy density, and thereby improve the fatigue life of superalloys. The microstructure evolution reveals that the improvement of TMF properties in superalloys mainly depends on the pinning and dragging effects of Re on dislocation motion. Due to the pinning and dragging effects of Re, the stability of microstructure is significantly enhanced, leading to a reduction in plastic deformation and thus improving the TMF mechanical properties and fatigue life of superalloys. The research results will contribute to a deeper understanding of the TMF mechanisms and Re effects of superalloys.

本文对ni基单晶高温合金的热疲劳行为进行了原子模拟，并采用分子动力学模拟的方法研究了铼（Re）对合金热疲劳性能的影响。从原子的角度解释了3%Re改善高温合金TMF性能的原因。结果表明，在高温合金中添加3%Re可提高循环应力幅值和塑性变形抗力，降低位错密度和塑性应变能密度，从而提高高温合金的疲劳寿命。显微组织演化表明，稀土对位错运动的钉住和拖拽作用是提高高温合金TMF性能的主要因素。由于Re的钉住和拖拽作用，显微组织的稳定性显著增强，塑性变形减少，从而提高高温合金的TMF力学性能和疲劳寿命。研究结果将有助于进一步了解高温合金的TMF机理和Re效应。

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引用次数: 0

The synergy of Fe and Mn as layered double hydroxides for electrochemical arsenic remediation 铁锰作为层状双氢氧化物在电化学砷修复中的协同作用

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.11.010

Song Peng , Tiantian Wang , Yang Wang

Arsenic pollution in water poses a significant environmental challenge due to its high toxicity and non-degradability. In this study, FeMn-layered double hydroxide (FeMn-LDH) was synthesized using hydrothermal and coprecipitation methods with different precursors for electrochemical arsenic remediation. The crystallinity of FeMn-LDH was enhanced with nitrate precursor compared to chloride precursor. The corresponding calcined layered double oxide obtained through the coprecipitation method (FMO-NO₃-Co) exhibits a significantly increased specific surface area and an optimal average pore size, facilitating efficient ion transport, and enhanced oxidation state of Mn, increasing arsenic removal efficiency. Electrochemical tests indicate that FMH-NO₃-Co exhibits relatively high specific capacitance and excellent electrochemical performance. Notably, the FMO-NO₃-Co achieves an electrosorption capacity of 55.5 mg g⁻¹ with 56.6 % of As(III) being electrochemically oxidized, demonstrating superior electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of As(III) and high-performance electrosorption of As(V). The arsenic removal mechanism was comprehensively analyzed, revealing that Mn²⁺/Mn³⁺ redox cycling played a key role in As(III) oxidation, while Fe-based coordination sites contributed to As(V) adsorption. Furthermore, the enhanced porosity and conductivity of the calcined LDH materials significantly improved charge transfer efficiency, thereby accelerating the arsenic removal process. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential application of FeMn-LDH in electrochemical arsenic remediation.

水中砷污染由于其高毒性和不可降解性，对环境构成了重大挑战。本研究以不同前驱体为原料，采用水热法和共沉淀法合成了femn层状双氢氧化物（FeMn-LDH），用于砷的电化学修复。与氯化物前驱体相比，硝酸盐前驱体提高了FeMn-LDH的结晶度。通过共沉淀法煅烧得到相应的层状双氧化物（FMO-NO3-Co），其比表面积显著增加，平均孔径优化，有利于离子的高效传输，Mn的氧化态增强，提高了除砷效率。电化学试验表明，FMH-NO3-Co具有较高的比电容和优异的电化学性能。值得注意的是，FMO-NO3-Co的电吸附容量为55.5 mg g−1，其中56.6%的As（III）被电化学氧化，显示出优越的As（III）氧化电催化活性和As(V)的高效电吸附性能。综合分析了砷的去除机理，发现Mn2+/Mn3+氧化还原循环对As（III）的氧化起关键作用，而铁基配位位点对As(V)的吸附起关键作用。此外，煅烧LDH材料的孔隙率和导电性的增强显著提高了电荷传递效率，从而加速了砷的去除过程。总之，本研究为FeMn-LDH在电化学砷修复中的潜在应用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Materials-driven technologies and intelligent control for mineral processing wastewater recovery 矿物加工废水回收的材料驱动技术和智能控制

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.005

Xinkai Shen , Pengsheng Wang , Shusheng Qiu , Zhihui Liu , Junqi Guan , Hailong He

Mineral processing wastewater poses severe environmental risks due to its complex composition (high suspended solids, residual reagents, heavy metals), making its treatment critical for sustainable mining. This review systematically summarizes mineral processing wastewater treatment technologies, including conventional methods and emerging approaches. Conventional physical-chemical methods are widely used but suffer from sludge production and limited resource recovery. Advanced oxidation processes (e.g., plasma oxidation, photo-Fenton) efficiently degrade refractory organics and novel adsorbents (MOFs, selective resins) enable targeted heavy metal recovery and deep purification. Artificial intelligence and digital twin further promote intelligent process control. Future directions focus on integrating multi-technologies into “classification treatment-quality-based reuse” systems to achieve comprehensive recovery of water, salts, and valuable metals, advancing mining towards a circular economy and near-zero discharge.

矿物加工废水由于其复杂的成分（高悬浮物、残留试剂、重金属），构成了严重的环境风险，使其处理成为可持续采矿的关键。本文系统地综述了选矿废水处理技术，包括传统方法和新兴方法。传统的物理化学方法被广泛使用，但存在产生污泥和资源回收有限的问题。高级氧化工艺（如等离子体氧化、光fenton）可有效降解难降解有机物，新型吸附剂（mof、选择性树脂）可实现有针对性的重金属回收和深度净化。人工智能和数字孪生进一步推动了过程控制的智能化。未来的发展方向是将多种技术整合到“分类处理-基于质量的再利用”系统中，以实现水、盐和有价金属的综合回收，推动采矿朝着循环经济和接近零排放的方向发展。

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引用次数: 0

Fast-fired and fine-grained pyrochlore dielectrics for optimized energy storage performance 快速烧制和细粒焦绿盐电介质，优化储能性能

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.007

Sang-il Yoon , Hyunseung Kim , Changyeon Baek , Seung Yong Lee , Tiandong Zhang , Gyoung-Ja Lee , Min-Ku Lee , Do Kyung Kim , Chang Kyu Jeong

In this study, the Fast Firing (Rapid Thermal Sintering, FF) process was applied to systematically analyze the microstructural, dielectric, and electrical properties of (Bi₁.₅Zn₀.₅)(Zn₀.₅Nb₁.₅)O₇ (BZN) ceramics. Through rapid heating, the target sintering temperature was reached within several minutes, effectively suppressing excessive grain coarsening and Bismuth (Bi) volatilization that commonly occur in conventional sintering (CS). As a result, BZN ceramics fabricated by the FF process exhibited a uniform fine-grained microstructure with grain sizes of 1–3 μm, relative densities above 94 %, dielectric constants (εᵣ) of 145–155, dielectric losses (tan δ) below 0.005, and breakdown strengths (BDS) exceeding 400 kV/cm. Energy-storage performance analysis revealed that the FF samples achieved stable energy densities of 1.25–1.37 J/cm³ and efficiencies of 75–85 %, which are attributed to enhanced BDS induced by the fine-grained microstructure. Frequency- and temperature-dependent measurements also demonstrated excellent thermal stability, maintaining tan δ < 0.005 and dielectric variation within 3 % from room temperature up to 300 °C. In addition, the FF process shortened the sintering time by more than 70 % and reduced energy consumption, offering significant advantages in processing efficiency. These results demonstrate that the FF method provides an effective fabrication strategy for achieving high-efficiency and high-reliability energy-storage performance in BZN-based pyrochlore ceramics and further suggests its potential extension to other lead-free high-permittivity dielectric systems.

本研究采用快速烧成（Fast - fire Sintering， FF）工艺系统分析了（Bi1.5Zn0.5）（Zn0.5Nb1.5）O7 （BZN）陶瓷的显微组织、介电性能和电学性能。通过快速加热，在几分钟内达到目标烧结温度，有效抑制了常规烧结（CS）中常见的晶粒过度粗化和铋（Bi）挥发。结果表明，FF工艺制备的BZN陶瓷具有均匀的细晶结构，晶粒尺寸为1 ~ 3 μm，相对密度在94%以上，介电常数（εᵣ）为145 ~ 155，介电损耗（tan δ）小于0.005，击穿强度（BDS）超过400 kV/cm。能量存储性能分析表明，FF样品的能量密度稳定在1.25 ~ 1.37 J/cm3之间，效率为75 ~ 85%，这是由于细晶微观结构增强了BDS。频率和温度相关的测量也显示出优异的热稳定性，从室温到300°C， tan δ <； 0.005和介电变化在3%以内。此外，FF工艺将烧结时间缩短了70%以上，降低了能耗，在加工效率方面具有显著优势。这些结果表明，FF方法为实现bzn基焦绿石陶瓷的高效、高可靠性储能性能提供了一种有效的制造策略，并进一步表明其在其他无铅高介电常数介电系统中的推广潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Stabilization of 1T MoS2 via Co/Se Co-doping for high-rate sodium storage Co/Se共掺杂稳定1T MoS2用于高速率钠储存

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.11.001

Zhengguang Fu , Xin Zhang , Binghe Chen , Yiming Xia , Xinhao Wei , Ruqiang Yuan , Jutao Sun

Fast-charging sodium-ion batteries are severely constrained by sluggish Na⁺ diffusion, structural instability, and rapid capacity fading in layered anodes, representing a major challenge for high-power energy storage applications. Here, a Co and Se co-doping strategy is implemented on MoS₂ (Co–MoS₁.₈Se₀.₂/C) to stabilize the metallic 1T-like phase, expand interlayer spacing, and introduce abundant defect sites, generating additional redox-active centers that facilitate rapid and reversible Na⁺ insertion and extraction. Cobalt doping serves as a catalytic regulator, promoting uniform SEI formation and enhancing interfacial stability, whereas selenium doping reduces Na⁺ diffusion barriers and alleviates strain induced by volumetric changes. A conductive carbon framework supports the nanosheet structure, prevents restacking, and buffers mechanical stress, ensuring structural integrity during extreme-rate cycling. The Co–MoS₁.₈Se₀.₂/C electrode achieves a reversible capacity of 250 mAh g⁻¹ at 20 A g⁻¹, corresponding to full charge/discharge in approximately 15 s, and maintains long-term cycling stability over 1400 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. Structural analyses reveal partial electron transfer from Co and Se to Mo upon intercalation, triggering reorganization of Mo 4d orbitals and inducing a spontaneous 2H-to-1T phase transition, which enhances electrical conductivity. Reversible layered-to-metallic transformation occurs alongside the formation of a stable SEI layer, further promoting electrochemical kinetics and interfacial stability. The synergistic integration of dual-element doping and carbon framework design significantly improves structural robustness and sodium storage performance.

快速充电钠离子电池受到Na+扩散缓慢、结构不稳定和层状阳极容量快速衰减的严重限制，这是高功率储能应用的主要挑战。本文在MoS2 （Co - mos1.8 se0.2 /C）上实施Co和Se共掺杂策略，以稳定金属类1t相，扩大层间距，引入丰富的缺陷位点，产生额外的氧化还原活性中心，促进快速可逆的Na+插入和提取。掺杂钴作为催化调节剂，促进SEI均匀形成，增强界面稳定性，而掺杂硒则减少Na+扩散障碍，减轻体积变化引起的应变。导电碳框架支持纳米片结构，防止再堆积，缓冲机械应力，确保极端速率循环过程中的结构完整性。Co-MoS1.8Se0.2 /C电极在20a g- 1下可实现250mah g- 1的可逆容量，相当于在大约15 s内完全充放电，并在5a g- 1下保持超过1400次循环的长期稳定性。结构分析表明，插入后，部分电子从Co和Se转移到Mo，引发Mo 4d轨道的重组，并诱导自发的2h到1t相变，从而提高了电导率。可逆的层向金属的转变发生在稳定的SEI层形成的同时，进一步促进了电化学动力学和界面稳定性。双元素掺杂和碳框架设计的协同集成显著提高了结构稳健性和钠存储性能。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of sputtering time and RF power on the properties of CdS thin films prepared by annealing Cd/CdS precursors 溅射时间和射频功率对Cd/Cd前驱体退火制备的Cd薄膜性能的影响

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2026.01.002

Junwei Zhao , Rengang Zhang , Tuantuan Wang , Peilun Li , Huihui Zhou , Hongyu Liu , Peng Zhang , Runsheng Yu , Xingzhong Cao

CdS thin films were fabricated by annealing precursors which were deposited using the method of Sputtering, Evaporation and Sputtering (SES). Effect of sputtering time and RF power on the structural, compositional, surface morphology and optical properties of CdS thin films was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometer (EDS), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and photoluminescence (PL). The results reveal that the properties and growth of the obtained CdS films are greatly influenced by the second sputtering time rather than the first sputtering time. The deposited precursors are substrate/Cd/CdS, and transformed to CdS after annealing. The CdS films are hexagonal structure with a preferred orientation along (002) plane. Besides, the dense CdS films without cracks or pinholes have S/Cd atomic ratios of 0.87–0.99. Additionally, the grain size, morphology and composition of CdS films change with increasing RF power from 80 W to 150 W. All CdS films have a high average transmittance and band gaps of 2.25–2.43 eV. The PL emission peaks at 530 nm for CdS thin films are possibly caused by the band edge emission while the PL emission peaks at 680 nm arise from sulfur vacancies.

采用溅射、蒸发和溅射（SES）沉积方法对前驱体进行退火制备了CdS薄膜。采用x射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、紫外可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）和光致发光仪（PL）研究了溅射时间和射频功率对CdS薄膜结构、成分、表面形貌和光学性能的影响。结果表明，第二次溅射时间比第一次溅射时间对CdS薄膜的性能和生长影响更大。沉积的前驱体为衬底/Cd/CdS，退火后转化为Cd。CdS薄膜为六边形结构，沿（002）平面优先取向。无裂纹、无针孔的致密CdS膜的S/Cd原子比为0.87 ~ 0.99。此外，当射频功率从80 W增加到150 W时，CdS薄膜的晶粒尺寸、形貌和组成都发生了变化。所有CdS薄膜均具有较高的平均透过率和2.25-2.43 eV的带隙。CdS薄膜在530 nm处的发光峰可能是由带边发射引起的，而在680 nm处的发光峰可能是由硫空位引起的。

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引用次数: 0

Noble metal-based electrocatalysts for acidic water electrolysis: Design strategies, AI-empowered approaches, and industrialization prospects 酸性电解用贵金属电催化剂：设计策略、人工智能方法和工业化前景

IF 7.1 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Progress in Natural Science: Materials International

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.12.007

Xuan Yang , Chenfei Xu , Ziqi Fu , Xiaoyang Wang , Yanan Chen

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) has long been regarded as a promising technology for hydrogen production due to its high electrolytic efficiency, reliability, and rapid response to renewable energy sources. Currently, noble metals and their oxides—such as Pt, IrO₂, and RuO₂—remain the most widely used and high active electrocatalysts in acidic media to accelerate the water electrolysis processes. However, their large-scale pratical application is severely hindered by the factors such as scarcity and the trade-off between activity and stability. Recently, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput synthesis technology has demonstrated an increasingly vital role in material screening, enabling the design of highly efficient and cost-effective catalysts. This paper first reviews the fundamental catalytic mechanisms of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media. Then, it summarizes the design strategies and prevailing challenges for noble metal catalysts in acidic water electrolysis. Finally, it presents several data-driven, synergistic approaches enabled by AI in noble metal catalyst research and development (R&D), along with the latest progress, current challenges, and future prospects.

质子交换膜电解（PEMWE）由于其电解效率高、可靠性好、对可再生能源响应快等优点，一直被认为是一种很有前途的制氢技术。目前，贵金属及其氧化物（如Pt、IrO2和ruo2）仍然是酸性介质中应用最广泛的高活性电催化剂，以加速水电解过程。然而，它们的大规模实际应用受到诸如稀缺性和活动性与稳定性之间权衡等因素的严重阻碍。近年来，人工智能（AI）与高通量合成技术的结合在材料筛选中发挥着越来越重要的作用，可以设计出高效、经济的催化剂。综述了酸性介质中析氢反应（HER）和析氧反应（OER）的基本催化机理。然后，总结了酸性电解中贵金属催化剂的设计策略和目前面临的挑战。最后，介绍了人工智能在贵金属催化剂研发（R&；D）中的几种数据驱动的协同方法，以及最新进展、当前挑战和未来前景。

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引用次数: 0