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Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Nonimplant-displaced Views May Be Safely Omitted at Screening Mammography. 筛查乳腺 X 线照相术时可安全地省略用于非植入物移位视图的数字乳腺断层合成术。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.249014
Brandon K K Fields, Bonnie N Joe
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引用次数: 0
Mean Apparent Propagator MRI: Quantitative Assessment of Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma. 平均明显推进器磁共振成像:浸润性乳腺导管癌中肿瘤与基质比率的定量评估。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230165
Xiang Zhang, Ya Qiu, Wei Jiang, Zehong Yang, Mengzhu Wang, Qin Li, Yeqing Liu, Xu Yan, Guang Yang, Jun Shen

Purpose To determine whether metrics from mean apparent propagator (MAP) MRI perform better than apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in assessing the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) status in breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods From August 2021 to October 2022, 271 participants were prospectively enrolled (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05159323) and underwent breast diffusion spectral imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging. MAP MRI metrics and ADC were derived from the diffusion MRI data. All participants were divided into high-TSR (stromal component < 50%) and low-TSR (stromal component ≥ 50%) groups based on pathologic examination. Clinicopathologic characteristics were collected, and MRI findings were assessed. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent variables for distinguishing TSR status. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were compared between the MAP MRI metrics, either alone or combined with clinicopathologic characteristics, and ADC, using the DeLong and McNemar test. Results A total of 181 female participants (mean age, 49 years ± 10 [SD]) were included. All diffusion MRI metrics differed between the high-TSR and low-TSR groups (P < .001 to P = .01). Radial non-Gaussianity from MAP MRI and lymphovascular invasion were significant independent variables for discriminating the two groups, with a higher AUC (0.81 [95% CI: 0.74, 0.87] vs 0.61 [95% CI: 0.53, 0.68], P < .001) and accuracy (138 of 181 [76%] vs 106 of 181 [59%], P < .001) than that of the ADC. Conclusion MAP MRI may serve as a better approach than conventional diffusion-weighted imaging in evaluating the TSR of breast carcinoma. Keywords: MR Diffusion-weighted Imaging, MR Imaging, Breast, Oncology ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05159323 Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.

目的 确定平均表观传播者(MAP)磁共振成像指标在评估乳腺癌的肿瘤-基质比(TSR)状态时是否比表观弥散系数(ADC)值表现更好。材料与方法 2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 10 月,271 名参与者前瞻性入组(ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT05159323)并接受了乳腺弥散频谱成像和弥散加权成像。MAP MRI 指标和 ADC 均来自弥散 MRI 数据。根据病理检查结果将所有参与者分为高TSR组(基质成分<50%)和低TSR组(基质成分≥50%)。收集临床病理特征,评估核磁共振成像结果。采用逻辑回归确定区分 TSR 状态的自变量。使用 DeLong 和 McNemar 检验比较了 MAP MRI 指标(单独或结合临床病理特征)与 ADC 之间的接收器操作特征曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度、特异性和准确性。结果 共纳入了 181 名女性参与者(平均年龄为 49 岁 ± 10 [SD])。高TSR组和低TSR组的所有弥散MRI指标均有差异(P < .001 至 P = .01)。与 ADC 相比,MAP MRI 的径向非高斯性(0.81 [95% CI: 0.74, 0.87] vs 0.61 [95% CI: 0.53, 0.68],P < .001)和准确性(181 例中的 138 例 [76%] vs 181 例中的 106 例 [59%],P < .001)更高。结论 在评估乳腺癌的 TSR 时,MAP MRI 可能是比传统扩散加权成像更好的方法。关键词磁共振弥散加权成像 磁共振成像 乳腺癌 肿瘤学 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:本文有补充材料。© RSNA, 2024.
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引用次数: 0
AI Systems for Mammography with Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: Expectations and Challenges. 数字乳腺断层合成乳腺 X 线照相术的人工智能系统:期望与挑战。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.240171
Masako Kataoka, Takayoshi Uematsu
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引用次数: 0
Infrared Fluorescence-guided Surgery for Tumor and Metastatic Lymph Node Detection in Head and Neck Cancer. 红外荧光引导手术用于检测头颈癌的肿瘤和转移淋巴结
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230178
Haley W White, Abdullah Bin Naveed, Benjamin R Campbell, Yu-Jin Lee, Fred M Baik, Michael Topf, Eben L Rosenthal, Marisa E Hom

In patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), surgical removal of cancerous tissue presents the best overall survival rate. However, failure to obtain negative margins during resection has remained a steady concern over the past 3 decades. The need for improved tumor removal and margin assessment presents an ongoing concern for the field. While near-infrared agents have long been used in imaging, investigation of these agents for use in HNC imaging has dramatically expanded in the past decade. Targeted tracers for use in primary and metastatic lymph node detection are of particular interest, with panitumumab-IRDye800 as a major candidate in current studies. This review aims to provide an overview of intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence-guided surgery techniques used in the clinical detection of malignant tissue and sentinel lymph nodes in HNC, highlighting current applications, limitations, and future directions for use of this technology within the field. Keywords: Molecular Imaging-Cancer, Fluorescence © RSNA, 2024.

在头颈癌(HNC)患者中,手术切除癌组织的总生存率最高。然而,在过去的 30 年中,切除过程中未能获得阴性边缘一直是一个令人担忧的问题。改进肿瘤切除和边缘评估的需求一直是该领域关注的问题。虽然近红外制剂在成像中的应用由来已久,但在过去十年中,用于 HNC 成像的近红外制剂的研究急剧增加。用于原发和转移淋巴结检测的靶向示踪剂尤其引人关注,帕尼单抗-IRDye800 是目前研究中的主要候选药物。本综述旨在概述用于临床检测HNC恶性组织和前哨淋巴结的术中近红外荧光引导手术技术,重点介绍该技术在该领域的当前应用、局限性和未来发展方向。关键词分子成像-癌症、荧光 © RSNA, 2024.
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引用次数: 0
Patient Positioning by Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy. 通过在线自适应放射治疗进行患者定位。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.240120
Paolo Farace
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引用次数: 0
Pharyngolaryngeal Venous Plexus Mimicking Recurrent Hypopharyngeal Cancer. 模仿复发性下咽癌的咽静脉丛
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.240039
Sneh Brahmbhatt, Alok A Bhatt
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Breast Imaging Biopsy with a Dual-Detector System. 使用双探测器系统进行分子乳腺成像活检。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230186
Katie N Hunt, Amy Lynn Conners, Lacey Gray, Carrie B Hruska, Michael K O'Connor

Purpose To develop a molecular breast imaging (MBI)-guided biopsy system using dual-detector MBI and to perform initial testing in participants. Materials and Methods The Stereo Navigator MBI Accessory biopsy system comprises a lower detector, upper fenestrated compression paddle, and upper detector. The upper detector retracts, allowing craniocaudal, oblique, or medial or lateral biopsy approaches. The compression paddle allows insertion of a needle guide and needle. Lesion depth is calculated by triangulation of lesion location on the upper detector at 0° and 15° and relative lesion activity on upper and lower detectors. In a prospective study (July 2022-June 2023), participants with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 2, 3, 4, or 5 breast lesions underwent MBI-guided biopsy. After injection of 740 MBq technetium 99m sestamibi, craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique MBI (2-minute acquisition per view) confirmed lesion visualization. A region of interest over the lesion permitted depth calculation in the system software. Upper detector retraction allowed biopsy device placement. Specimen images were obtained on the retracted upper detector, confirming sampling of the target. Results Of 21 participants enrolled (mean age, 50.6 years ± 10.1 [SD]; 21 [100%] women), 17 underwent MBI-guided biopsy with concordant pathology. No lesion was observed at the time of biopsy in four participants. Average lesion size was 17 mm (range, 6-38 mm). Average procedure time, including preprocedure imaging, was 55 minutes ± 13 (range, 38-90 minutes). Pathology results included invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 1), fibroadenoma (n = 4), pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (n = 6), and fibrocystic changes (n = 6). Conclusion MBI-guided biopsy using a dual-head system with retractable upper detector head was feasible, well tolerated, and efficient. Keywords: Breast Biopsy, Molecular Breast Imaging, Image-guided Biopsy, Molecular Breast Imaging-guided Biopsy, Breast Cancer Clinical trial registration no. NCT06058650 © RSNA, 2024.

目的 利用双探测器MBI开发分子乳腺成像(MBI)引导活检系统,并在参与者中进行初步测试。材料与方法 立体导航仪 MBI 附件活检系统由一个下部探测器、上部栅格压缩桨和上部探测器组成。上部探测器可伸缩,允许颅尾、斜向、内侧或外侧活检入路。压迫桨可插入导针和穿刺针。病变深度是通过对上部探测器 0° 和 15° 处的病变位置以及上下探测器上的相对病变活动进行三角测量计算得出的。在一项前瞻性研究(2022 年 7 月至 2023 年 6 月)中,患有乳腺成像报告和数据系统 2、3、4 或 5 类乳腺病变的参与者接受了 MBI 引导下的活检。注射 740 MBq锝 99m sestamibi 后,颅尾和内外侧斜位 MBI(每个视图采集 2 分钟)确认病灶可见度。病灶上的感兴趣区可在系统软件中进行深度计算。上部探测器回缩后可放置活检装置。在缩回的上部探测器上获取标本图像,确认目标取样。结果 在 21 名参加者(平均年龄 50.6 岁 ± 10.1 [SD];21 名女性 [100%])中,17 人在 MBI 引导下进行了活检,病理结果一致。有四名参与者在活检时未观察到病变。病变平均大小为 17 毫米(范围为 6-38 毫米)。包括术前成像在内的平均手术时间为 55 分钟 ± 13 分钟(38-90 分钟不等)。病理结果包括浸润性导管癌(1 例)、纤维腺瘤(4 例)、假血管瘤基质增生(6 例)和纤维囊性变(6 例)。结论 使用带有可伸缩上部探测头的双头系统进行 MBI 引导活检是可行、耐受性好且高效的。关键词乳腺活检 分子乳腺成像 图像引导活检 分子乳腺成像引导活检 乳腺癌 临床试验注册号NCT06058650 © RSNA, 2024.
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引用次数: 0
Performance of Lung-RADS Version 2022 in Classifying Airway Nodules. 肺-RADS 2022 版在气道结节分类中的表现
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.249012
Cristina Marrocchio, Carlotta Zilioli
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引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of a Multimodality Model Based on Whole-Slide Imaging and Biparametric MRI for Predicting Postoperative Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer. 基于全滑动成像和双参数磁共振成像的多模态模型的开发与验证,用于预测前列腺癌术后生化复发。
IF 4.4 Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230143
Chenhan Hu, X. Qiao, Renpeng Huang, Chunhong Hu, J. Bao, Ximing Wang
Purpose To develop and validate a machine learning multimodality model based on preoperative MRI, surgical whole-slide imaging (WSI), and clinical variables for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study (September 2015 to April 2021), 363 male patients with PCa who underwent RP were divided into training (n = 254; median age, 69 years [IQR, 64-74 years]) and testing (n = 109; median age, 70 years [IQR, 65-75 years]) sets at a ratio of 7:3. The primary end point was biochemical recurrence-free survival. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox algorithm was applied to select independent clinical variables and construct the clinical signature. The radiomics signature and pathomics signature were constructed using preoperative MRI and surgical WSI data, respectively. A multimodality model was constructed by combining the radiomics signature, pathomics signature, and clinical signature. Using Harrell concordance index (C index), the predictive performance of the multimodality model for BCR was assessed and compared with all single-modality models, including the radiomics signature, pathomics signature, and clinical signature. Results Both radiomics and pathomics signatures achieved good performance for BCR prediction (C index: 0.742 and 0.730, respectively) on the testing cohort. The multimodality model exhibited the best predictive performance, with a C index of 0.860 on the testing set, which was significantly higher than all single-modality models (all P ≤ .01). Conclusion The multimodality model effectively predicted BCR following RP in patients with PCa and may therefore provide an emerging and accurate tool to assist postoperative individualized treatment. Keywords: MR Imaging, Urinary, Pelvis, Comparative Studies Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.
目的 开发并验证一种基于术前磁共振成像、手术全切片成像(WSI)和临床变量的机器学习多模态模型,用于预测前列腺癌(PCa)根治性前列腺切除术(RP)后的生化复发(BCR)。材料与方法 在这项回顾性研究中(2015 年 9 月至 2021 年 4 月),363 名接受前列腺癌根治术的男性 PCa 患者按 7:3 的比例被分为训练组(n = 254;中位年龄 69 岁 [IQR 64-74 岁])和测试组(n = 109;中位年龄 70 岁 [IQR 65-75 岁])。主要终点是无生化复发生存期。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子 Cox 算法选择独立的临床变量并构建临床特征。放射组学特征和病理组学特征分别使用术前 MRI 和手术 WSI 数据构建。结合放射组学特征、病理组学特征和临床特征,构建了多模态模型。使用哈雷尔一致性指数(C指数)评估多模态模型对BCR的预测性能,并与所有单模态模型(包括放射组学特征、病理组学特征和临床特征)进行比较。结果 放射组学特征和病理组学特征对测试队列的 BCR 预测均有良好的表现(C 指数分别为 0.742 和 0.730)。多模态模型的预测性能最好,在测试集上的 C 指数为 0.860,明显高于所有单模态模型(所有 P 均小于 0.01)。结论 多模态模型可有效预测PCa患者RP术后的BCR,因此可为术后个体化治疗提供一个新兴的准确工具。关键词磁共振成像、泌尿系统、骨盆、比较研究 本文有补充材料。© RSNA, 2024.
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引用次数: 0
An Update on MR Spectroscopy in Cancer Management: Advances in Instrumentation, Acquisition, and Analysis. 癌症管理中 MR 光谱的最新进展:仪器、采集和分析方面的进展。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230101
Eva Martinez Luque, Zexuan Liu, Dongsuk Sung, Rachel M Goldberg, Rishab Agarwal, Aditya Bhattacharya, Nadine S Ahmed, Jason W Allen, Candace C Fleischer

MR spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive imaging method enabling chemical and molecular profiling of tissues in a localized, multiplexed, and nonionizing manner. As metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, MRS provides valuable metabolic and molecular information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and patient management. This review provides an update on the use of MRS for clinical cancer management. The first section includes an overview of the principles of MRS, current methods, and conventional metabolites of interest. The remainder of the review is focused on three key areas: advances in instrumentation, specifically ultrahigh-field-strength MRI scanners and hybrid systems; emerging methods for acquisition, including deuterium imaging, hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI and MRS, chemical exchange saturation transfer, diffusion-weighted MRS, MR fingerprinting, and fast acquisition; and analysis aided by artificial intelligence. The review concludes with future recommendations to facilitate routine use of MRS in cancer management. Keywords: MR Spectroscopy, Spectroscopic Imaging, Molecular Imaging in Oncology, Metabolic Reprogramming, Clinical Cancer Management © RSNA, 2024.

磁共振光谱(MRS)是一种非侵入性成像方法,能够以局部、多重和非电离的方式对组织进行化学和分子分析。由于代谢重编程是癌症的一个特征,MRS 为癌症诊断、预后、治疗监测和患者管理提供了宝贵的代谢和分子信息。本综述介绍了 MRS 用于临床癌症管理的最新情况。第一部分概述了 MRS 的原理、当前的方法和感兴趣的常规代谢物。综述的其余部分集中在三个关键领域:仪器的进步,特别是超高强度 MRI 扫描仪和混合系统;新兴的采集方法,包括氘成像、超极化碳 13 MRI 和 MRS、化学交换饱和转移、扩散加权 MRS、MR 指纹和快速采集;以及人工智能辅助分析。综述最后提出了未来的建议,以促进 MRS 在癌症管理中的常规应用。关键词MR 光谱 光谱成像 肿瘤学分子成像 代谢重编程 临床癌症管理 © RSNA, 2024.
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Radiology. Imaging cancer
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