Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0010
D. Koc, Y. Özhan, E. Acar, Nilgun Bireroglu, F. Aslan, Murat Keğin, H. Sipahi
Abstract Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still one of the major reasons for liver related mortality and morbidity all around the world. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the immune system activation and presence, as well as progression, of hepatitis B infection by monitoring the tryptophan degradation and serum neopterin levels in patients with HBV. 110 patients with HBV and 23 healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients had significantly higher neopterin levels and increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, which were most probably due to enhanced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity compared to healthy control. A strong positive correlation was found between neopterin levels and IDO activity in patient group. Neopterin levels and IDO activity were markedly increased in patients with histological activity index (HAI) ≥4 compared to HAI<4, and a significant correlation was found between neopterin and HAI. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between albumin levels and IDO activity in HBV patients. These findings suggest that tryptophan degradation results from IFN-γ-induced IDO activation, likewise depletion of albumin synthesis in HBV patients may result from diminished tryptophan availability. In conclusion, based on the study results, serum neopterin levels and IDO activity could provide additional immunological information for monitoring liver histological activity and can be used as prognostic markers in HBV disease.
{"title":"Serum Neopterin Levels and IDO Activity as Possible Markers for Presence and Progression of Hepatitis B","authors":"D. Koc, Y. Özhan, E. Acar, Nilgun Bireroglu, F. Aslan, Murat Keğin, H. Sipahi","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still one of the major reasons for liver related mortality and morbidity all around the world. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the immune system activation and presence, as well as progression, of hepatitis B infection by monitoring the tryptophan degradation and serum neopterin levels in patients with HBV. 110 patients with HBV and 23 healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients had significantly higher neopterin levels and increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, which were most probably due to enhanced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity compared to healthy control. A strong positive correlation was found between neopterin levels and IDO activity in patient group. Neopterin levels and IDO activity were markedly increased in patients with histological activity index (HAI) ≥4 compared to HAI<4, and a significant correlation was found between neopterin and HAI. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between albumin levels and IDO activity in HBV patients. These findings suggest that tryptophan degradation results from IFN-γ-induced IDO activation, likewise depletion of albumin synthesis in HBV patients may result from diminished tryptophan availability. In conclusion, based on the study results, serum neopterin levels and IDO activity could provide additional immunological information for monitoring liver histological activity and can be used as prognostic markers in HBV disease.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"91 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42306725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0017
S. Yalçın, M. Demir, R. Ozturk, A. S. Kılınc, Hatice Suer, I. Karahan
Abstract Background: Two unique biomarkers, soluble form of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and neopterin, play a crucial role in inflammatory processes. This study aimed to reveal whether it is possible to utilize these biomarkers in predicting tumor prognosis in patients with lung cancers. Methods: The present study was designed as a single center, prospective, and controlled research. The study was conducted with forty patients with lung cancer (case group) and 41 healthy individuals (control group) in Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine between 2016-2020. The case group was also divided into two of the early and advanced stages. The blood samples were drawn to evaluate suPAR and neopterin levels, and these parameters were compared between the case and control groups. Also, the prognostic effects of age, stage of the tumor, and the levels of mentioned parameters were investigated with the survival analysis. Results: The median duration of the follow-up was 32 (4-75) months. suPAR and neopterin levels were found to be higher in the case group than in the control group. Cox regression showed that the high levels of neopterin and suPAR increased mortality risk [p=0.002, HR: 1.25 (1.08-1.45 95%CI) and p=0.023, HR:1.07 (1.01-1.13), respectively]. Finally, age and stage of the tumor were found to have no relationship with survival. Conclusion: suPAR and neopterin as members of the inflammatory pathway were found to be higher in cancer cases. Furthermore, both suPAR and neopterin levels were found to be predictive for the mortality of patients with lung cancers; therefore, they are thought to be used for the management of cancer.
{"title":"Prognostic effects of SuPAR and Neopterin Levels on Patients with Lung Cancer","authors":"S. Yalçın, M. Demir, R. Ozturk, A. S. Kılınc, Hatice Suer, I. Karahan","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Two unique biomarkers, soluble form of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and neopterin, play a crucial role in inflammatory processes. This study aimed to reveal whether it is possible to utilize these biomarkers in predicting tumor prognosis in patients with lung cancers. Methods: The present study was designed as a single center, prospective, and controlled research. The study was conducted with forty patients with lung cancer (case group) and 41 healthy individuals (control group) in Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine between 2016-2020. The case group was also divided into two of the early and advanced stages. The blood samples were drawn to evaluate suPAR and neopterin levels, and these parameters were compared between the case and control groups. Also, the prognostic effects of age, stage of the tumor, and the levels of mentioned parameters were investigated with the survival analysis. Results: The median duration of the follow-up was 32 (4-75) months. suPAR and neopterin levels were found to be higher in the case group than in the control group. Cox regression showed that the high levels of neopterin and suPAR increased mortality risk [p=0.002, HR: 1.25 (1.08-1.45 95%CI) and p=0.023, HR:1.07 (1.01-1.13), respectively]. Finally, age and stage of the tumor were found to have no relationship with survival. Conclusion: suPAR and neopterin as members of the inflammatory pathway were found to be higher in cancer cases. Furthermore, both suPAR and neopterin levels were found to be predictive for the mortality of patients with lung cancers; therefore, they are thought to be used for the management of cancer.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"136 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41675867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0016
Liqian Xuan, Jingjing Zhou, L. Yi, Shuchang Xu
Abstract Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of 5-HT1A receptors (HTR1A) on activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and simultaneous regulation of neural activity in the insular cortex and hippocampus. Methods: The IBS rat model was established via chronic water avoidance stress (WAS). Visceral sensitivity was measured by electromyogram, and anxiety-like behaviours were evaluated by the open field test. HTR1A-specific lentivirus expressing green fluorescent protein was used to overexpress or down-regulate HTR1A expression. Protein expression levels were detected by western blot. Results: Up-regulation of HTR1A in ACC could inhibit ACC sensitization and reverse the visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic psychological stress. In contrast, down-regulation of HTR1A in ACC might promote these behaviors in IBS rats. Additionally, up-regulation of HTR1A in ACC could inhibit IC and hippocampus sensitization, while down-regulation might have the opposite effect. Conclusions: In IBS rats, HTR1A could modulate ACC activation and interactions among the ACC, IC and hippocampus. These effects might in turn contribute to the development of visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic psychological stress.
{"title":"Up-regulation of HTR1A reverses stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity through modulating interactions among the anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex and hippocampus","authors":"Liqian Xuan, Jingjing Zhou, L. Yi, Shuchang Xu","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of 5-HT1A receptors (HTR1A) on activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and simultaneous regulation of neural activity in the insular cortex and hippocampus. Methods: The IBS rat model was established via chronic water avoidance stress (WAS). Visceral sensitivity was measured by electromyogram, and anxiety-like behaviours were evaluated by the open field test. HTR1A-specific lentivirus expressing green fluorescent protein was used to overexpress or down-regulate HTR1A expression. Protein expression levels were detected by western blot. Results: Up-regulation of HTR1A in ACC could inhibit ACC sensitization and reverse the visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic psychological stress. In contrast, down-regulation of HTR1A in ACC might promote these behaviors in IBS rats. Additionally, up-regulation of HTR1A in ACC could inhibit IC and hippocampus sensitization, while down-regulation might have the opposite effect. Conclusions: In IBS rats, HTR1A could modulate ACC activation and interactions among the ACC, IC and hippocampus. These effects might in turn contribute to the development of visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviours induced by chronic psychological stress.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"165 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44273917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015
Gregory Baxter-Parker, R. R. Gaddam, E. Moltchanova, A. Carr, G. Shaw, S. Chambers, S. Gieseg
Abstract Introduction: Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are used as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effect of kidney function on these measurements has not been extensively explored. We examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and kidney function in intensive patients and compare them to equivalent patients without sepsis. Methods: 34 Intensive care patients were selected for the study, 14 without sepsis and 20 with. Both groups had equivalent levels of trauma, assessed by SAPS II, SOFA, and APACHE II and III scores. Plasma and urinary neopterin and total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin) values were measured. Results: Neopterin and total neopterin were significantly elevated in urine and plasma for multiple days in sepsis versus non-sepsis patients. Plasma neopterin and total neopterin have decreasing relationships with increased eGFR (p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). Plasma/urinary neopterin and total neopterin ratios demonstrate that total neopterin flux is more influenced by eGFR than neopterin, with significantce of p<0.02 and p<0.0002 respectively. Conclusion: Sepsis patients present with greater levels of oxidative stress and immune system activation than non-sepsis patients of equal levels of trauma, as measured by neopterin and total neopterin. eGFR may need to be taken into account when accessing the level of inflammation from urinary neopterin measurements.
{"title":"Oxidative stress and immune cell activation quantification in sepsis and non-sepsis critical care patients by neopterin/7,8-dihydroneopterin analysis","authors":"Gregory Baxter-Parker, R. R. Gaddam, E. Moltchanova, A. Carr, G. Shaw, S. Chambers, S. Gieseg","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are used as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effect of kidney function on these measurements has not been extensively explored. We examine the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and kidney function in intensive patients and compare them to equivalent patients without sepsis. Methods: 34 Intensive care patients were selected for the study, 14 without sepsis and 20 with. Both groups had equivalent levels of trauma, assessed by SAPS II, SOFA, and APACHE II and III scores. Plasma and urinary neopterin and total neopterin (neopterin + 7,8-dihydroneopterin) values were measured. Results: Neopterin and total neopterin were significantly elevated in urine and plasma for multiple days in sepsis versus non-sepsis patients. Plasma neopterin and total neopterin have decreasing relationships with increased eGFR (p<0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). Plasma/urinary neopterin and total neopterin ratios demonstrate that total neopterin flux is more influenced by eGFR than neopterin, with significantce of p<0.02 and p<0.0002 respectively. Conclusion: Sepsis patients present with greater levels of oxidative stress and immune system activation than non-sepsis patients of equal levels of trauma, as measured by neopterin and total neopterin. eGFR may need to be taken into account when accessing the level of inflammation from urinary neopterin measurements.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"68 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48897596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0005
Tao Zhang, Shan Ye, Zhenzhong Chen, Yunmiao Ma
Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods Open published studies relevant to MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head were electronic systematic searched in the databases of cochrane central register of controlled trials, EMBSE and CNKI. The correlation between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head was calculated by odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The publication bias for the included studies were assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression text. Results After systematic searching the electronic databases, 11 original studies were finally included the present work. The I2 test indicated significant statistical heterogeneity (I2=53.5%, P=0.018) across the included 11 publications. The polled results indicated that subjects of Caucasians with CC genotype had decreased risk of developing non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (OR=0.65,95%CI: 0.44-0.96, P=0.031). However, there was no correlations between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in American Jewish and East Asian races(p>0.05). Sensitivity analysis indicated the pooled ORs were not sensitive to any included single study. The Begg’s funnel plot was generally left and right symmetrical which indicated no obviously publications. The Egger’s line regression test also demonstrated no statistical publication bias (t=1.57, P=0.15). Conclusion According to the present evidence, MTHFR C677T polymorphism was correlated with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head especially for Caucasians race. Subjects of Caucasians race with CC genotype had decreased risk of developing non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
{"title":"Association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: An update meta-analysis","authors":"Tao Zhang, Shan Ye, Zhenzhong Chen, Yunmiao Ma","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods Open published studies relevant to MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head were electronic systematic searched in the databases of cochrane central register of controlled trials, EMBSE and CNKI. The correlation between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head was calculated by odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The publication bias for the included studies were assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression text. Results After systematic searching the electronic databases, 11 original studies were finally included the present work. The I2 test indicated significant statistical heterogeneity (I2=53.5%, P=0.018) across the included 11 publications. The polled results indicated that subjects of Caucasians with CC genotype had decreased risk of developing non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (OR=0.65,95%CI: 0.44-0.96, P=0.031). However, there was no correlations between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head in American Jewish and East Asian races(p>0.05). Sensitivity analysis indicated the pooled ORs were not sensitive to any included single study. The Begg’s funnel plot was generally left and right symmetrical which indicated no obviously publications. The Egger’s line regression test also demonstrated no statistical publication bias (t=1.57, P=0.15). Conclusion According to the present evidence, MTHFR C677T polymorphism was correlated with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head especially for Caucasians race. Subjects of Caucasians race with CC genotype had decreased risk of developing non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"38 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49382644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0019
Liping Zhang, Huanyu Wang, Mei Feng, Xueqing Zhang
Abstract Objective To evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS/NOS2) in human glioma and its correlation with patients’ prognoses. Methods IiNOS/NOS2 expression in tumor and corresponding normal tissues of glioma patients was analyzed using the TCGA database and the online analysis tool GEPIA. The mutation statuses of iNOS/NOS2 genes were also explored in the TCGA database using cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes relevant to iNOS/NOS2 were screened by LinkedOmics. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment for iNOS/NOS2 and co-expressed genes was performed using LinkedOmics. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes between iNOS/NOS2 mRNA high and low expression groups were compared using a log-rank test. Twenty-two glioma patients who underwent operation were included in the present work. A real-time PCR assay was used to detect iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissue. Results There was no statistical difference in iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levelss between tumor and normal tissues of glioma. A real-time PCR assay indicated that iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissues were not statistical difference (p>0.05). A mutation rate of 0.8% for the iNOS/NOS2 gene was found using 1044 glioma patients from two datasets. The mutation types include deep deletion (0.4%), truncating (0.2%) and missense (0.2%). The top positive and negative co-expressed gene with iNOS/NOS2 were COL25A1 (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05) and ALCAM (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05), respectively. For KEGG pathway analysis, iNOS/NOS2 was mainly enriched in calcium signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and pathways in cancer. The overall survival (HR=2.0, p<0.05) and disease-free survival (HR=1.6, p<0.05) values were significantly different between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expression groups. Conclusion OS and DFS were significantly decreased in high iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression groups. iNOS/NOS2 can be used as a poor prognostic biomarker for glioma.
{"title":"Bioinformatics analysis of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS/NOS2) in human glioma and its correlation with patients’ prognoses","authors":"Liping Zhang, Huanyu Wang, Mei Feng, Xueqing Zhang","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS/NOS2) in human glioma and its correlation with patients’ prognoses. Methods IiNOS/NOS2 expression in tumor and corresponding normal tissues of glioma patients was analyzed using the TCGA database and the online analysis tool GEPIA. The mutation statuses of iNOS/NOS2 genes were also explored in the TCGA database using cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes relevant to iNOS/NOS2 were screened by LinkedOmics. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment for iNOS/NOS2 and co-expressed genes was performed using LinkedOmics. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes between iNOS/NOS2 mRNA high and low expression groups were compared using a log-rank test. Twenty-two glioma patients who underwent operation were included in the present work. A real-time PCR assay was used to detect iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissue. Results There was no statistical difference in iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levelss between tumor and normal tissues of glioma. A real-time PCR assay indicated that iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissues were not statistical difference (p>0.05). A mutation rate of 0.8% for the iNOS/NOS2 gene was found using 1044 glioma patients from two datasets. The mutation types include deep deletion (0.4%), truncating (0.2%) and missense (0.2%). The top positive and negative co-expressed gene with iNOS/NOS2 were COL25A1 (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05) and ALCAM (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05), respectively. For KEGG pathway analysis, iNOS/NOS2 was mainly enriched in calcium signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and pathways in cancer. The overall survival (HR=2.0, p<0.05) and disease-free survival (HR=1.6, p<0.05) values were significantly different between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expression groups. Conclusion OS and DFS were significantly decreased in high iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression groups. iNOS/NOS2 can be used as a poor prognostic biomarker for glioma.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"142 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0006
Yan Wang, Xiao Li, P. Qu
Abstract Objective To investigate folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) expression in ovarian cancer and its association with patient prognosis. Methods TCGA and Oncomine databases were used to collect data about FOLR1 mRNA expression in multiple carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels in ovarian cancer samples and corresponding adjacent normal ovary tissue were compared. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database of FOLR1 and relevant genes. The overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) rates of ovarian cancer patients in high- and low- FOLR1 expression groups were compared by log-rank test. Sixty-six ovarian epithelial carcinoma samples were included in the study, and tumor specimens of the 66 cases were tested for FOLR1 protein expression by an immunohistochemistry assay. Results FOLR1 mRNA was significantly elevated in ovarian cancer compared to other carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues (P<0.05) of ovarian cancer patients. The PPI network indicated that the local clustering coefficient was 0.898, indicating that the PPI network was enriched significantly (P<0.05). The median PFS values were 22.39 and 19.00 months for lowand high-FOLR1 expression groups, respectively, with significant statistical difference between the two (HR=1.26, 95%CI:1.09-1.45, P<0.05). FOLR1 protein expression was correlated with tumor differentiation (P<0.05) in ovarian cancer patients. However, its levels were not correlated with patient age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis or FIGO stage (P>0.05). Conclusion FOLR1 is upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer, and its expression is correlated with patients’ progression free survival, making it a valuable biomarker for prognosis.
{"title":"Bioinformatics analysis of FOLR1 expression, functional enrichment, related signaling pathways and relationship with prognosis in ovarian cancer","authors":"Yan Wang, Xiao Li, P. Qu","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To investigate folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) expression in ovarian cancer and its association with patient prognosis. Methods TCGA and Oncomine databases were used to collect data about FOLR1 mRNA expression in multiple carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels in ovarian cancer samples and corresponding adjacent normal ovary tissue were compared. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database of FOLR1 and relevant genes. The overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) rates of ovarian cancer patients in high- and low- FOLR1 expression groups were compared by log-rank test. Sixty-six ovarian epithelial carcinoma samples were included in the study, and tumor specimens of the 66 cases were tested for FOLR1 protein expression by an immunohistochemistry assay. Results FOLR1 mRNA was significantly elevated in ovarian cancer compared to other carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues (P<0.05) of ovarian cancer patients. The PPI network indicated that the local clustering coefficient was 0.898, indicating that the PPI network was enriched significantly (P<0.05). The median PFS values were 22.39 and 19.00 months for lowand high-FOLR1 expression groups, respectively, with significant statistical difference between the two (HR=1.26, 95%CI:1.09-1.45, P<0.05). FOLR1 protein expression was correlated with tumor differentiation (P<0.05) in ovarian cancer patients. However, its levels were not correlated with patient age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis or FIGO stage (P>0.05). Conclusion FOLR1 is upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer, and its expression is correlated with patients’ progression free survival, making it a valuable biomarker for prognosis.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"46 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0002
Dexia Li, E. Wang, Xiaoyan Gao, Ping Li
Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene 677C> T polymorphism and fetal congenital defects. Method Original studies relevant to the MTHFR gene 677C>T single nucleotide polymorphism and fetal congenital defects were systematically searched in the electronic databases of Medline, EMBSE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). All relevant publications were screened for inclusion in the present work. The correlation between the MTHFR gene 677C > T single nucleotide polymorphism and the occurrence of fetal congenital defects was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Publication bias was assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test. Results Nineteen case-control studies were ultimately included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the general risk of fetal congenital defects was significantly elevated in subjects with the 677T allele of the MTHFR gene in dominant (OR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12, P<0.05), homozygous (OR=1.17,95%CI:1.06-1.30, P<0.05) and recessive genetic models (OR=1.16,95%CI:1.03-1.31, P<0.05) through the random effect method. However, significant publication bias was identified upon pooling the individual data and evaluating the correlation. Conclusion According to the present evidence, the MTHFR gene 677C>T single nucleotide polymorphism is correlated with poor pregnancy outcomes, and subjects with the T allele have an increased risk of developing general fetal congenital defects.
{"title":"The correlation between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene 677C > T polymorphism and fetal congenital defects: A meta-analysis","authors":"Dexia Li, E. Wang, Xiaoyan Gao, Ping Li","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To investigate the correlation between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene 677C> T polymorphism and fetal congenital defects. Method Original studies relevant to the MTHFR gene 677C>T single nucleotide polymorphism and fetal congenital defects were systematically searched in the electronic databases of Medline, EMBSE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). All relevant publications were screened for inclusion in the present work. The correlation between the MTHFR gene 677C > T single nucleotide polymorphism and the occurrence of fetal congenital defects was expressed as an odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Publication bias was assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test. Results Nineteen case-control studies were ultimately included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the general risk of fetal congenital defects was significantly elevated in subjects with the 677T allele of the MTHFR gene in dominant (OR=1.07,95%CI:1.03-1.12, P<0.05), homozygous (OR=1.17,95%CI:1.06-1.30, P<0.05) and recessive genetic models (OR=1.16,95%CI:1.03-1.31, P<0.05) through the random effect method. However, significant publication bias was identified upon pooling the individual data and evaluating the correlation. Conclusion According to the present evidence, the MTHFR gene 677C>T single nucleotide polymorphism is correlated with poor pregnancy outcomes, and subjects with the T allele have an increased risk of developing general fetal congenital defects.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"9 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44247571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective The aim of the present work was to investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (iNOS/ NOS2) in colorectal and gastric cancers and evaluate its association with patient’s prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Methods The data for present study was obtained from the TCGA, GTEx, and STRING database. iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in normal tissue and colorectal, and gastric cancer tissuea were investigated through the GTEx and TCGA database. iNOS/NOS2 gene mutations and frequency were analyzed in the TCGA database using the cBioPortal online data analysis tool. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of iNOS/NOS2 was constructed by STRING database. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of iNOS/NOS2 and relevant proteins involved in the PPI network were enriched and demonstrated by the bubble plot. Comparison of the overall survival(OS) and disease free survival(DFS) between samples expressing high and low levels of iNOS/NOS2 was analysis based on the TCGA databases through the GEPIA online data analysis tool. Results For colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma(READ) iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levels in tumor tissue were significant higher than those of corresponding normal colorectal tissue (p<0.05). iNOS/NOS2 mutations were identified in both colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Missense substitutions and synonymous substitution were the top two mutation types for colorectal and gastric cancer. The top positive and negative co-expressed genes correlated with iNOS/ NOS2 were TRIM40 (rpearson=0.56, p<0.05) and GDPD5 (rpearson=-0.41, p<0.05) in colorectal cancer respectively andCASP5 (rpearson=0.63,p<0.05) and PIAS3 (rpearson=-0.43,p<0.05) in gastric cancer. Twenty one proteins were included in the PPI network with 51 nodes and 345 edges which indicated the PPI enrichment wassignificant (p=1.0e-16). The KEGG of the included genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. There was a significant difference indisease free survival (DFS) between samples expressing high and low iNOS/NOS2 (HR=0.37, p=0.044) in rectal cancer. The difference was not statistical between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expressing groups for overall survival(OS) or DFS in the colon cancer or gastric cancer(p>0.05). Conclusions iNOS/NOS2 mRNA isup-regulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal tissue in colorectal and gastric cancer which implement it in the development of colorectal and gastric cancers.
{"title":"Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of iNOS/NOS2 in gastric and colorectal cancer","authors":"Mingbei Lu, Suping Wu, Guoxiong Cheng, Chaobo Xu, Zhengwei Chen","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The aim of the present work was to investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (iNOS/ NOS2) in colorectal and gastric cancers and evaluate its association with patient’s prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Methods The data for present study was obtained from the TCGA, GTEx, and STRING database. iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in normal tissue and colorectal, and gastric cancer tissuea were investigated through the GTEx and TCGA database. iNOS/NOS2 gene mutations and frequency were analyzed in the TCGA database using the cBioPortal online data analysis tool. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of iNOS/NOS2 was constructed by STRING database. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of iNOS/NOS2 and relevant proteins involved in the PPI network were enriched and demonstrated by the bubble plot. Comparison of the overall survival(OS) and disease free survival(DFS) between samples expressing high and low levels of iNOS/NOS2 was analysis based on the TCGA databases through the GEPIA online data analysis tool. Results For colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma(READ) iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levels in tumor tissue were significant higher than those of corresponding normal colorectal tissue (p<0.05). iNOS/NOS2 mutations were identified in both colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Missense substitutions and synonymous substitution were the top two mutation types for colorectal and gastric cancer. The top positive and negative co-expressed genes correlated with iNOS/ NOS2 were TRIM40 (rpearson=0.56, p<0.05) and GDPD5 (rpearson=-0.41, p<0.05) in colorectal cancer respectively andCASP5 (rpearson=0.63,p<0.05) and PIAS3 (rpearson=-0.43,p<0.05) in gastric cancer. Twenty one proteins were included in the PPI network with 51 nodes and 345 edges which indicated the PPI enrichment wassignificant (p=1.0e-16). The KEGG of the included genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. There was a significant difference indisease free survival (DFS) between samples expressing high and low iNOS/NOS2 (HR=0.37, p=0.044) in rectal cancer. The difference was not statistical between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expressing groups for overall survival(OS) or DFS in the colon cancer or gastric cancer(p>0.05). Conclusions iNOS/NOS2 mRNA isup-regulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal tissue in colorectal and gastric cancer which implement it in the development of colorectal and gastric cancers.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"174 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0021
D. Koc, H. Sipahi, Cemile Dilşah Sürmeli, M. Çalık, Nilgun Bireroglu, Sıla Öksüz, T. Baydar, G. Sahin
Abstract In Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is important to evaluate disease activity and investigate possible biomarkers. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between disease activity and serum levels of possible immune activation marker neopterin in patients with COVID-19. The study enrolled 45 patients (23 females, 51.1%) treated for COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups according to their clinical presentation: those who recovered quickly (Group 1) and those who worsened progressively (Group 2). The neopterin and C-reactive protein levels were high in all patients on admission. In Group 1, neopterin concentrations and serum neopterin/creatinine ratios were significantly higher on admission compared to Day 14 of the disease, whereas in Group 2, levels were significantly higher at Day 14 of the disease than on admission. Neopterin levels at admission were significantly higher in Group 1. The serum neopterin concentrations at admission were markedly higher in patients with a derived neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) > 2.8 compared to those with a dNLR ≤ 2.8 (p < 0.05). Serum neopterin levels can be used as a prognostic biomarker in predicting disease activity in COVID-19.
{"title":"Serum Neopterin Levels and the Clinical Presentation of COVID-19","authors":"D. Koc, H. Sipahi, Cemile Dilşah Sürmeli, M. Çalık, Nilgun Bireroglu, Sıla Öksüz, T. Baydar, G. Sahin","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is important to evaluate disease activity and investigate possible biomarkers. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between disease activity and serum levels of possible immune activation marker neopterin in patients with COVID-19. The study enrolled 45 patients (23 females, 51.1%) treated for COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups according to their clinical presentation: those who recovered quickly (Group 1) and those who worsened progressively (Group 2). The neopterin and C-reactive protein levels were high in all patients on admission. In Group 1, neopterin concentrations and serum neopterin/creatinine ratios were significantly higher on admission compared to Day 14 of the disease, whereas in Group 2, levels were significantly higher at Day 14 of the disease than on admission. Neopterin levels at admission were significantly higher in Group 1. The serum neopterin concentrations at admission were markedly higher in patients with a derived neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) > 2.8 compared to those with a dNLR ≤ 2.8 (p < 0.05). Serum neopterin levels can be used as a prognostic biomarker in predicting disease activity in COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"185 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49079215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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