Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108878
Yuan Wang , Nan Wang , Pingbo Zhang , Pingping Jiang , Jialiang Xia , Xuewen Gao , Yanmin Bao
To expedite the advancement of multifunctional next-generation smart materials, it is imperative to create polymers derived from renewable, green bio-based resources. This paper presents a direct synthesis of thermo-responsive aqueous polyurethanes by combining gallic acid (GA) with isocyanate groups to form a dynamic phenol-carbamate crosslinked network and the incorporation of the metal-organic framework Cu-MOF-2 for synergistic effects. The resulting GA-based polyurethane (MOF-GWPU) exhibits excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, achieving an ideal balance between mechanical strength and self-healing efficiency. The MOF-GWPU film demonstrates strong antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting its exceptional antibacterial performance. The thermo-responsive dynamic covalent bonds enable the MOF-GWPU film to rapidly revert from a temporary shape back to its original form. Post-processing experiments further indicate that the crosslinked GA-PU polymer can be efficiently recycled through solution casting and hot-pressing techniques. This design offers a novel approach and valuable insights for advancing the development of multifunctional smart polymers derived from bio-based resources.
为了加快多功能下一代智能材料的发展，必须从可再生的绿色生物资源中提取聚合物。本文介绍了一种直接合成热响应水性聚氨酯的方法，即通过没食子酸（GA）与异氰酸酯基团结合形成动态苯酚-氨基甲酸酯交联网络，并加入金属有机框架 Cu-MOF-2 以产生协同效应。由此产生的 GA 基聚氨酯（MOF-GWPU）具有出色的热稳定性和机械性能，在机械强度和自愈效率之间实现了理想的平衡。MOF-GWPU 薄膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的抗菌效果，凸显了其卓越的抗菌性能。热响应动态共价键使 MOF-GWPU 薄膜能够迅速从临时形状恢复到原始形状。后处理实验进一步表明，交联的 GA-PU 聚合物可以通过溶液浇铸和热压技术进行有效回收。这一设计为推进生物基资源多功能智能聚合物的开发提供了一种新方法和宝贵见解。
{"title":"Synthesis of a gallic acid-based self-healing waterborne polyurethane with a thermo-responsive dynamic phenol-carbamate network for enhanced mechanical strength, antimicrobial activity, and shape memory properties","authors":"Yuan Wang , Nan Wang , Pingbo Zhang , Pingping Jiang , Jialiang Xia , Xuewen Gao , Yanmin Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To expedite the advancement of multifunctional next-generation smart materials, it is imperative to create polymers derived from renewable, green bio-based resources. This paper presents a direct synthesis of thermo-responsive aqueous polyurethanes by combining gallic acid (GA) with isocyanate groups to form a dynamic phenol-carbamate crosslinked network and the incorporation of the metal-organic framework Cu-MOF-2 for synergistic effects. The resulting GA-based polyurethane (MOF-GWPU) exhibits excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, achieving an ideal balance between mechanical strength and self-healing efficiency. The MOF-GWPU film demonstrates strong antimicrobial efficacy against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, highlighting its exceptional antibacterial performance. The thermo-responsive dynamic covalent bonds enable the MOF-GWPU film to rapidly revert from a temporary shape back to its original form. Post-processing experiments further indicate that the crosslinked GA-PU polymer can be efficiently recycled through solution casting and hot-pressing techniques. This design offers a novel approach and valuable insights for advancing the development of multifunctional smart polymers derived from bio-based resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108878"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) represent an emerging class of porous materials characterized by crystalline frame structures, self-assembled from organic molecules through hydrogen bonding. This study demonstrates that HOFs fragment into small particles while preserving their original structure when dispersed in a polymeric epoxy solution. The intermolecular hydrogen bond structural and electronic properties of the LH4-HOF complex as well as the mechanism of HOF incorporated epoxy were extensively studied using density functional theory. LH4-HOF has a high Langmuir surface area of 2758.3 m2/g and nonlocal density functional theory pore size distributions of 3 A°. This unique solution processability enables the fabrication of coatings with high stability in aqueous systems. Results from a 30-day leaching test under controlled conditions (pH 7, temperature 20 ± 2 °C) indicate that LH4-HOF incorporated epoxy-coated concrete samples exhibited an over 85 % reduction in calcium release compared to uncoated samples, with epoxy-coated samples alone showing a 60 % reduction in calcium leaching. Additionally, the LH4-HOF-incorporated epoxy coating reduced the formation of fats, oils and grease deposits by more than 73 % on the concrete samples. Thus, this novel coating approach offers a sustainable solution with significant potential applications in sewer management.
{"title":"Novel hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks-based coating for fat oil and grease deposition control in the sewer system","authors":"Sachin Yadav, Anika Amir Mohana, Sagor Kumar Pramanik, Biplob Kumar Pramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) represent an emerging class of porous materials characterized by crystalline frame structures, self-assembled from organic molecules through hydrogen bonding. This study demonstrates that HOFs fragment into small particles while preserving their original structure when dispersed in a polymeric epoxy solution. The intermolecular hydrogen bond structural and electronic properties of the LH<sub>4</sub>-HOF complex as well as the mechanism of HOF incorporated epoxy were extensively studied using density functional theory. LH<sub>4</sub>-HOF has a high Langmuir surface area of 2758.3 m<sup>2</sup>/g and nonlocal density functional theory pore size distributions of 3 A°. This unique solution processability enables the fabrication of coatings with high stability in aqueous systems. Results from a 30-day leaching test under controlled conditions (pH 7, temperature 20 ± 2 °C) indicate that LH<sub>4</sub>-HOF incorporated epoxy-coated concrete samples exhibited an over 85 % reduction in calcium release compared to uncoated samples, with epoxy-coated samples alone showing a 60 % reduction in calcium leaching. Additionally, the LH<sub>4</sub>-HOF-incorporated epoxy coating reduced the formation of fats, oils and grease deposits by more than 73 % on the concrete samples. Thus, this novel coating approach offers a sustainable solution with significant potential applications in sewer management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108867"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108820
Floriane Gerony , Katarzyna Poznańska , Sonia Bujok , Laurence de Viguerie , Laurent Michot , Bruno Lanson , Sandra Casale , Fabrice Gaslain , Józef Korecki , Kinga Freindl , Nika Spiridis , Côme Thillaye du Boullay , Anne-Laure Rollet , Guillaume Mériguet , Maguy Jaber
Understanding the mechanical properties of paints is crucial for their preservation, as these properties determine how paints deform under climate-induced stress and, consequently, affect their durability. This study focuses on egg-tempera paints, whose mechanical characteristics have been minimally explored so far. Various formulations using two natural ochre pigments were investigated. Initially, the pigments were characterized to identify compositional and morphological differences. Rheological analysis was conducted to study the liquid properties of the formulations. Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed on unsupported dry paints to assess their mechanical properties. Additionally, single-sided NMR was used non-invasively to probe the network mobility before and after nine months of aging, providing insights into the network tightness. It was found that ochre-based paints display significant brittleness. The viscoelastic properties of tempera paints are predominantly influenced by the type of earth pigments used and the pigment-to-binder ratio. Importantly, the liquid properties were found to correlate with the solid-state behavior, emphasizing the critical role of formulation in the final performance of tempera paints.
{"title":"Multiscale characterization of liquid and dry egg tempera paints based on ochre pigments","authors":"Floriane Gerony , Katarzyna Poznańska , Sonia Bujok , Laurence de Viguerie , Laurent Michot , Bruno Lanson , Sandra Casale , Fabrice Gaslain , Józef Korecki , Kinga Freindl , Nika Spiridis , Côme Thillaye du Boullay , Anne-Laure Rollet , Guillaume Mériguet , Maguy Jaber","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the mechanical properties of paints is crucial for their preservation, as these properties determine how paints deform under climate-induced stress and, consequently, affect their durability. This study focuses on egg-tempera paints, whose mechanical characteristics have been minimally explored so far. Various formulations using two natural ochre pigments were investigated. Initially, the pigments were characterized to identify compositional and morphological differences. Rheological analysis was conducted to study the liquid properties of the formulations. Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed on unsupported dry paints to assess their mechanical properties. Additionally, single-sided NMR was used non-invasively to probe the network mobility before and after nine months of aging, providing insights into the network tightness. It was found that ochre-based paints display significant brittleness. The viscoelastic properties of tempera paints are predominantly influenced by the type of earth pigments used and the pigment-to-binder ratio. Importantly, the liquid properties were found to correlate with the solid-state behavior, emphasizing the critical role of formulation in the final performance of tempera paints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108820"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108863
F.G. Nunes , E.V. Bendinelli , I.V. Aoki
In this work, novel poly(urea-formaldehyde-melamine) microcapsules containing dehydrated castor oil (DCO) were synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization to promote self-healing for epoxy coatings. DCO is a green and low-cost drying oil with intermediate drying between linseed oil and tung oil, providing self-healing through oxidative polymerization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed microcapsules with a spherical and smooth morphology with a shell thickness around 500 nm. Microcapsules obtained a mean diameter of 24 μm by laser diffraction. The core content and the encapsulation yield were 86 wt% and 81 %, respectively, as determined by Soxhlet extraction. Microcapsules were doped at 15 wt% loading to a high solids epoxy mastic primer. Abrasive blasted carbon steel substrates were coated with the epoxy primers (with or without microcapsules) and a polyurethane topcoat. Despite decreasing the pull-off force, adhesion of coatings containing microcapsules was still high and above 10 MPa and failure mode was cohesive in the primer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results of coatings without defect, after 1 year of immersion in 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution, showed that microcapsules preserved original coating barrier properties. Coatings doped with microcapsules containing an artificial defect showed higher impedance values by EIS and lower electrochemical activity by scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET), pointing out the self-healing protection provided by dehydrated castor oil film by undergoing oxidative polymerization. Self-healing performance was confirmed after 4200 h of ISO 12944-9 cyclic corrosion test for offshore structures, where microcapsules reduced 30 % of the corrosion around the scribe, bridging the gap between the development of novel smart particles and their long-term performance in self-healing coatings. This work demonstrates that microcapsules containing dehydrated castor oil can provide long-term self-healing protection to epoxy coatings even under very corrosive atmospheres.
{"title":"Microcapsules containing dehydrated castor oil as self-healing agent for smart anticorrosive coatings","authors":"F.G. Nunes , E.V. Bendinelli , I.V. Aoki","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, novel poly(urea-formaldehyde-melamine) microcapsules containing dehydrated castor oil (DCO) were synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization to promote self-healing for epoxy coatings. DCO is a green and low-cost drying oil with intermediate drying between linseed oil and tung oil, providing self-healing through oxidative polymerization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed microcapsules with a spherical and smooth morphology with a shell thickness around 500 nm. Microcapsules obtained a mean diameter of 24 μm by laser diffraction. The core content and the encapsulation yield were 86 wt% and 81 %, respectively, as determined by Soxhlet extraction. Microcapsules were doped at 15 wt% loading to a high solids epoxy mastic primer. Abrasive blasted carbon steel substrates were coated with the epoxy primers (with or without microcapsules) and a polyurethane topcoat. Despite decreasing the pull-off force, adhesion of coatings containing microcapsules was still high and above 10 MPa and failure mode was cohesive in the primer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results of coatings without defect, after 1 year of immersion in 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution, showed that microcapsules preserved original coating barrier properties. Coatings doped with microcapsules containing an artificial defect showed higher impedance values by EIS and lower electrochemical activity by scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET), pointing out the self-healing protection provided by dehydrated castor oil film by undergoing oxidative polymerization. Self-healing performance was confirmed after 4200 h of ISO 12944-9 cyclic corrosion test for offshore structures, where microcapsules reduced 30 % of the corrosion around the scribe, bridging the gap between the development of novel smart particles and their long-term performance in self-healing coatings. This work demonstrates that microcapsules containing dehydrated castor oil can provide long-term self-healing protection to epoxy coatings even under very corrosive atmospheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108863"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-corrosion coatings ensure material safety and extend service life, serving as important safeguards in the fields of construction, infrastructure, petrochemicals, and marine engineering. Therefore, this study introduces a dual-nanofiller synergistic system by blending epoxy resin, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthylhydrazine modified reduced graphene oxide, and TiO2 nanofillers modified with the silane coupling agent KH570 to create a novel nanocomposite coating. Compared to traditional coatings, the synergistic effect of the dual nanofillers formed a dense nanonetwork structure, enhancing the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the coating. The results show that the composite coating has a smooth surface with minimal crack formation. In addition, the toughness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were improved. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analysis revealed that the impedance value of the Dual nanofiller composite coating was two orders of magnitude higher than that of the other coatings, showing the strongest corrosion resistance. A 45-d long-term immersion experiment was conducted on the composite coatings. The results showed that after 45 d of immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at room temperature, the Z modulus of the dual nanofiller composite coating decreased from 109 Ω·cm2 to 107 Ω·cm2. Although the performance declined, the coating still exhibited relatively high corrosion resistance and no significant physical defects, maintaining a good overall structure. This study provides an ideal method for enhancing the corrosion resistance of coatings by using a dual-nanofiller synergistic system.
{"title":"Enhanced corrosion resistance of epoxy coatings through the incorporation of modified TiO2 and reduced graphene oxide","authors":"Yu Qi, Peng Wu, Tengfei Huo, Zhuoyi Li, Xueli Li, Yantu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anti-corrosion coatings ensure material safety and extend service life, serving as important safeguards in the fields of construction, infrastructure, petrochemicals, and marine engineering. Therefore, this study introduces a dual-nanofiller synergistic system by blending epoxy resin, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthylhydrazine modified reduced graphene oxide, and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofillers modified with the silane coupling agent KH570 to create a novel nanocomposite coating. Compared to traditional coatings, the synergistic effect of the dual nanofillers formed a dense nanonetwork structure, enhancing the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the coating. The results show that the composite coating has a smooth surface with minimal crack formation. In addition, the toughness and wear resistance of the composite coatings were improved. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analysis revealed that the impedance value of the Dual nanofiller composite coating was two orders of magnitude higher than that of the other coatings, showing the strongest corrosion resistance. A 45-d long-term immersion experiment was conducted on the composite coatings. The results showed that after 45 d of immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at room temperature, the Z modulus of the dual nanofiller composite coating decreased from 10<sup>9</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>7</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>. Although the performance declined, the coating still exhibited relatively high corrosion resistance and no significant physical defects, maintaining a good overall structure. This study provides an ideal method for enhancing the corrosion resistance of coatings by using a dual-nanofiller synergistic system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108875"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108866
Walaa M. Abd El-Gawad , Khlood S. Abdel Zaher , Galal A.M. Nawwar
The key purpose of this work is to prepare multifunctional colored coatings with good UV resistance and antimicrobial activity by incorporating lignin complex nanoparticles as hybrid nano-pigments. Firstly, four complexes [e.g., zinc (lignin/silica/fatty acids), calcium (lignin/silica/fatty acids), aluminum (lignin/silica/fatty acids), and copper (lignin/silica/fatty acids)] were synthesized on a nanoscale utilizing rice straw pulping black liquor. Then, epoxy was reinforced with 1, 2, and 4% of each of the four complexes, and their visual inspection and their mechanical properties were investigated. The findings demonstrate that four paint films of 2% Zn (LSF)-epoxy, 2% Ca (LSF)-epoxy, 2% Al (LSF)-epoxy, and 2% Cu (LSF)-epoxy are the optimum films due to their surface being homogenous and uniform without agglomeration or voids. The coatings in group II were subjected to 100 h of continuous UV irradiation, and the changes caused were determined by FT-IR, SEM, and CIE Lab (color) techniques. The results reveal that there is no significant difference between the coatings before and after the UV irradiation. In the case of specimens containing only epoxy, a significant change was observed. These results confirm that the integration of the hybrid nano-pigments has improved the UV resistance of epoxy coatings. Besides, the results showed that Zn (LSF)-epoxy, Ca (LSF)-epoxy, and Cu (LSF)-epoxy coatings have good antimicrobial activity.
{"title":"Exploring the utilities of rice straw black liquor (part XI): Enhancing the UV resistance, color, antimicrobial, and mechanical characteristics of epoxy coatings using lignin-based hybrid nano-pigments","authors":"Walaa M. Abd El-Gawad , Khlood S. Abdel Zaher , Galal A.M. Nawwar","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The key purpose of this work is to prepare multifunctional colored coatings with good UV resistance and antimicrobial activity by incorporating lignin complex nanoparticles as hybrid nano-pigments. Firstly, four complexes [e.g., zinc (lignin/silica/fatty acids), calcium (lignin/silica/fatty acids), aluminum (lignin/silica/fatty acids), and copper (lignin/silica/fatty acids)] were synthesized on a nanoscale utilizing rice straw pulping black liquor. Then, epoxy was reinforced with 1, 2, and 4% of each of the four complexes, and their visual inspection and their mechanical properties were investigated. The findings demonstrate that four paint films of 2% Zn (LSF)-epoxy, 2% Ca (LSF)-epoxy, 2% Al (LSF)-epoxy, and 2% Cu (LSF)-epoxy are the optimum films due to their surface being homogenous and uniform without agglomeration or voids. The coatings in group II were subjected to 100 h of continuous UV irradiation, and the changes caused were determined by FT-IR, SEM, and CIE Lab (color) techniques. The results reveal that there is no significant difference between the coatings before and after the UV irradiation. In the case of specimens containing only epoxy, a significant change was observed. These results confirm that the integration of the hybrid nano-pigments has improved the UV resistance of epoxy coatings. Besides, the results showed that Zn (LSF)-epoxy, Ca (LSF)-epoxy, and Cu (LSF)-epoxy coatings have good antimicrobial activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108866"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108871
Mengfan Yan , Yiqun Fang , Chao Yan , Rurong Zhao , Fengqiang Wang , Zhijun Zhang , Jingjing Zhang , Yongming Song , Qingwen Wang
A novel transparent flame retardant coating was prepared using aqueous melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) as the film-forming resin and gas source, phosphoric acid-tannic acid (H3PO4-TA) as the acid and carbon source, and nano zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) as the flame retardant synergist. These coatings were applied to the surface of poplar wood panels to enhance the flame retardancy of wood. After complete drying and curing, the surface of the flame retardant coating was smooth and flat, with an overall light transmission rate exceeding 80 %, and the surface pattern of the wood was clear and visible. The large-plate combustion test showed that the maximum flame retardant time of the sample with 5 % ZnO reached 32 min. The cone calorimeter test showed that the ignition time of the 5 % nano zinc oxide sample increased from 8 s for the coated sample to 310 s, an increase of 3775 %. At the same time, the flame retardant coating, particularly with the addition of nano-ZnO, significantly reduced the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) of the wood, demonstrating excellent flame retardant properties. After combustion, the carbon layer showed that the addition of nano zinc oxide increased the graphitization degree of the carbon layer, increased the expansion height of the carbon layer, and formed a denser carbon layer. In summary, this coating has a simple preparation method, low cost, outstanding flame retardant effect, and good transparency, making it a promising application prospects in the flame retardant field of wood products.
{"title":"A novel melamine formaldehyde resin coating with phosphoric acid, tannic acid and nano zinc oxide on wood with high flame retardancy and transparency","authors":"Mengfan Yan , Yiqun Fang , Chao Yan , Rurong Zhao , Fengqiang Wang , Zhijun Zhang , Jingjing Zhang , Yongming Song , Qingwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel transparent flame retardant coating was prepared using aqueous melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) as the film-forming resin and gas source, phosphoric acid-tannic acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-TA) as the acid and carbon source, and nano zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) as the flame retardant synergist. These coatings were applied to the surface of poplar wood panels to enhance the flame retardancy of wood. After complete drying and curing, the surface of the flame retardant coating was smooth and flat, with an overall light transmission rate exceeding 80 %, and the surface pattern of the wood was clear and visible. The large-plate combustion test showed that the maximum flame retardant time of the sample with 5 % ZnO reached 32 min. The cone calorimeter test showed that the ignition time of the 5 % nano zinc oxide sample increased from 8 s for the coated sample to 310 s, an increase of 3775 %. At the same time, the flame retardant coating, particularly with the addition of nano-ZnO, significantly reduced the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) of the wood, demonstrating excellent flame retardant properties. After combustion, the carbon layer showed that the addition of nano zinc oxide increased the graphitization degree of the carbon layer, increased the expansion height of the carbon layer, and formed a denser carbon layer. In summary, this coating has a simple preparation method, low cost, outstanding flame retardant effect, and good transparency, making it a promising application prospects in the flame retardant field of wood products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108871"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108864
Haiwen Mao , Yan Gao , Weikun Chen , Yan Hong , Yufa Sun
Although silicone softeners are widely used in textile processing and finishing, elasticity and wash durability improvements remain necessary. In this study, a new bifunctional hydroxysilane coupling agent (KHP) was designed and synthesized. KHP was used as a chain extender incorporated into the polyurethane segments, then reacted with linear hydroxyl silicone oil (PMX500) through a condensation reaction, resulting in a polyurethane-grafted silicone finishing agent (KHP-PU). The KHP-PU was applied to polyamide fabric using a pad-dry-cure process, and the treated fabric was systematically evaluated for surface characteristics and hand-feel properties. Results demonstrated that KHP-PU significantly enhanced the fabric's softness and elasticity while improving its mechanical and antistatic properties. Moreover, adjusting the amount of KHP in KHP-PU effectively regulates the distribution of polysiloxane segments on the fiber surface, optimizing the fabric's handle. This study provides innovative insights for designing and developing new multifunctional softeners to create advanced textile materials with enhanced consumer appeal.
{"title":"Synthesis and application of polyurethane-modified silicone softener for enhanced fabric softness and elasticity","authors":"Haiwen Mao , Yan Gao , Weikun Chen , Yan Hong , Yufa Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although silicone softeners are widely used in textile processing and finishing, elasticity and wash durability improvements remain necessary. In this study, a new bifunctional hydroxysilane coupling agent (KHP) was designed and synthesized. KHP was used as a chain extender incorporated into the polyurethane segments, then reacted with linear hydroxyl silicone oil (PMX500) through a condensation reaction, resulting in a polyurethane-grafted silicone finishing agent (KHP-PU). The KHP-PU was applied to polyamide fabric using a pad-dry-cure process, and the treated fabric was systematically evaluated for surface characteristics and hand-feel properties. Results demonstrated that KHP-PU significantly enhanced the fabric's softness and elasticity while improving its mechanical and antistatic properties. Moreover, adjusting the amount of KHP in KHP-PU effectively regulates the distribution of polysiloxane segments on the fiber surface, optimizing the fabric's handle. This study provides innovative insights for designing and developing new multifunctional softeners to create advanced textile materials with enhanced consumer appeal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108864"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108854
J.G. Gamaethiralalage , Jens Muff , Louis C.P.M. de Smet
This study explores the viability of employing polyaniline (PAni) coatings doped with different anions in capacitive deionization (CDI) electrodes for ion recovery purposes. Multiple CDI electrodes were fabricated by electrodepositing PAni in the presence of four mineral acids (HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, and H3PO4) to incorporate the corresponding anions into the PAni network. The results highlight the critical role of dopants and polymerization conditions in determining ion adsorption behavior. Notably, the PAni/H2SO4 electrode achieved approximately 20 % reduction in chloride adsorption while maintaining consistent sulfate adsorption compared to the control. The behavior of PAni/HCl, PAni/HNO3, and PAni/H3PO4 systems were not as pronounced compared to the PAni/H2SO4 system, under tested parameters, highlighting the dopant-dependent influence of polymerization conditions. Specifically focusing on the PAni/H2SO4 system, various polymerization conditions were investigated, and their ion adsorption characteristics were evaluated using a CDI system. It was observed that reducing the monomer concentration or the polymerization duration can enhance the selective properties of the coated electrode in this specific scenario. Additionally, distinct differences in polymer morphology based on polymerization conditions and dopants were observed, underlining the need for further research to understand the influence of these variables on the morphology of the PAni network and the resulting ion adsorption behavior of the coatings.
本研究探讨了在电容式去离子电极（CDI）中使用掺杂不同阴离子的聚苯胺（PAni）涂层进行离子回收的可行性。在四种矿物酸（HCl、HNO3、H2SO4 和 H3PO4）存在的情况下，通过电沉积 PAni 来将相应的阴离子纳入 PAni 网络，从而制造出多种 CDI 电极。结果凸显了掺杂剂和聚合条件在决定离子吸附行为中的关键作用。值得注意的是，与对照组相比，PAni/H2SO4 电极的氯离子吸附量减少了约 20%，而硫酸盐吸附量却保持不变。在测试参数下，PAni/HCl、PAni/HNO3 和 PAni/H3PO4 系统的行为与 PAni/H2SO4 系统相比并不明显，这凸显了聚合条件对掺杂剂的影响。针对 PAni/H2SO4 体系，研究了各种聚合条件，并使用 CDI 系统评估了其离子吸附特性。结果表明，在这种特定情况下，降低单体浓度或缩短聚合时间可以提高涂层电极的选择性。此外，根据聚合条件和掺杂剂的不同，聚合物形态也存在明显差异，这突出表明有必要开展进一步研究，以了解这些变量对 PAni 网络形态以及涂层离子吸附行为的影响。
{"title":"Effect of dopants in polyaniline-coated capacitive deionization electrodes on anion selectivity","authors":"J.G. Gamaethiralalage , Jens Muff , Louis C.P.M. de Smet","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the viability of employing polyaniline (PAni) coatings doped with different anions in capacitive deionization (CDI) electrodes for ion recovery purposes. Multiple CDI electrodes were fabricated by electrodepositing PAni in the presence of four mineral acids (HCl, HNO<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>) to incorporate the corresponding anions into the PAni network. The results highlight the critical role of dopants and polymerization conditions in determining ion adsorption behavior. Notably, the PAni/H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrode achieved approximately 20 % reduction in chloride adsorption while maintaining consistent sulfate adsorption compared to the control. The behavior of PAni/HCl, PAni/HNO<sub>3</sub>, and PAni/H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> systems were not as pronounced compared to the PAni/H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> system, under tested parameters, highlighting the dopant-dependent influence of polymerization conditions. Specifically focusing on the PAni/H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> system, various polymerization conditions were investigated, and their ion adsorption characteristics were evaluated using a CDI system. It was observed that reducing the monomer concentration or the polymerization duration can enhance the selective properties of the coated electrode in this specific scenario. Additionally, distinct differences in polymer morphology based on polymerization conditions and dopants were observed, underlining the need for further research to understand the influence of these variables on the morphology of the PAni network and the resulting ion adsorption behavior of the coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108854"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108855
Zhenxing Yang, Bingguo Liu, Chao Yuwen, Yuhao Jin, Siyu Gong, Guangxiong Ji, Wang Chen, Shenghui Guo, Libo Zhang
The increase in dispersion and hydrophobicity plays a crucial role in improving the anticorrosion performance of coatings. Leveraging the high specific surface area and facile modification properties of graphene oxide, we modified GO and prepared a modified graphene oxide/polyaniline composite material using a one-pot method with a composite modifier comprising 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid and polyaniline. NSGO/PANI composites were subsequently employed to prepare anticorrosive coatings. Our findings demonstrate that the contact angle of GO increased from 44° to 64°, indicating a significant increase in hydrophobicity. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed notable improvement in the dispersion of GO. Compared with bisphenol-a epoxy acrylate coating, polyaniline coating, and graphene oxide coating, UV (ultraviolet–visible) light-cured modified graphene oxide/polyaniline anticorrosive coatings performance with excellent construction characteristics (12 h surface drying, 30 h actual drying) and electrochemical properties, it showed that the highest corrosion potential value (−558 mV) and the minimum corrosion current density value (0.381 μA/cm2), and the presence of two capacitive arcs indicates that the coating has a self-healing function. Secondly, it also showed significantly better corrosion protection than other coatings in the 300 h salt spray test. This study provides an effective way to address marine anticorrosion challenges.
{"title":"Preparation and performance studies of modified graphene oxide/polyaniline composite anticorrosive coatings","authors":"Zhenxing Yang, Bingguo Liu, Chao Yuwen, Yuhao Jin, Siyu Gong, Guangxiong Ji, Wang Chen, Shenghui Guo, Libo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2024.108855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in dispersion and hydrophobicity plays a crucial role in improving the anticorrosion performance of coatings. Leveraging the high specific surface area and facile modification properties of graphene oxide, we modified GO and prepared a modified graphene oxide/polyaniline composite material using a one-pot method with a composite modifier comprising 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid and polyaniline. NSGO/PANI composites were subsequently employed to prepare anticorrosive coatings. Our findings demonstrate that the contact angle of GO increased from 44° to 64°, indicating a significant increase in hydrophobicity. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed notable improvement in the dispersion of GO. Compared with bisphenol-a epoxy acrylate coating, polyaniline coating, and graphene oxide coating, UV (ultraviolet–visible) light-cured modified graphene oxide/polyaniline anticorrosive coatings performance with excellent construction characteristics (12 h surface drying, 30 h actual drying) and electrochemical properties, it showed that the highest corrosion potential value (−558 mV) and the minimum corrosion current density value (0.381 μA/cm<sup>2</sup>), and the presence of two capacitive arcs indicates that the coating has a self-healing function. Secondly, it also showed significantly better corrosion protection than other coatings in the 300 h salt spray test. This study provides an effective way to address marine anticorrosion challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 108855"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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