Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15407/ETET2020.04.078
O. Bandura
We propose a new way to provide complementarities of main macroeconomic indicators — economic growth, employment and inflation. It is shown at the example of monetary policy of world’s main central banks that, while officially the banks mainly have one purpose mandate, which is inflation (except of the U.S. where the central bank are officially to control both inflation and employment, unofficially they try to control all three main macroeconomic values, to provide their complementarities. It is difficult to provide complementarities of three main macroeconomic indicators in the absence of an economic model that connects both the three integrated indicators, and numerous intermediate ones, which determine each of the three main indicators. Finally, choice of any regulation instrument is determined by the model chosen by regulator to provide interconnection between integrated values and intermediate indicators. Analyzing the history of monetary policy for world’s main central banks, we revealed changing efficiency for their regulation instruments in terms of their effect on economic growth, employment and inflation. It varies from maximum efficiency in the optimum point in time to minimum efficiency, which requires a change of the regulation instrument for a new one to provide a more stable and forecastable cause-result connection between final and intermediate indicators. At the base of author’s CMI-model of macroeconomic dynamics we grounded the formula that connects as three main macroeconomic values so numerous intermediate indicators. It allows us, targeting only one integrated indicator (cumulative market imperfections) to control economic growth, employment and inflation at the same time. For that purpose we can chose all possible instruments both of monetary policy and of other policies (fiscal, antitrust, innovation ones etc.). Besides, we would be able to control efficiency of the action of the applied regulation instruments on the main macroeconomic indicators to determine the quantitative criterion of optimum efficiency for regulation instruments.
{"title":"Providing complimentarity for the main components of macroeconomic dynamics","authors":"O. Bandura","doi":"10.15407/ETET2020.04.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ETET2020.04.078","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new way to provide complementarities of main macroeconomic indicators — economic growth, employment and inflation. It is shown at the example of monetary policy of world’s main central banks that, while officially the banks mainly have one purpose mandate, which is inflation (except of the U.S. where the central bank are officially to control both inflation and employment, unofficially they try to control all three main macroeconomic values, to provide their complementarities. It is difficult to provide complementarities of three main macroeconomic indicators in the absence of an economic model that connects both the three integrated indicators, and numerous intermediate ones, which determine each of the three main indicators. Finally, choice of any regulation instrument is determined by the model chosen by regulator to provide interconnection between integrated values and intermediate indicators. Analyzing the history of monetary policy for world’s main central banks, we revealed changing efficiency for their regulation instruments in terms of their effect on economic growth, employment and inflation. It varies from maximum efficiency in the optimum point in time to minimum efficiency, which requires a change of the regulation instrument for a new one to provide a more stable and forecastable cause-result connection between final and intermediate indicators. At the base of author’s CMI-model of macroeconomic dynamics we grounded the formula that connects as three main macroeconomic values so numerous intermediate indicators. It allows us, targeting only one integrated indicator (cumulative market imperfections) to control economic growth, employment and inflation at the same time. For that purpose we can chose all possible instruments both of monetary policy and of other policies (fiscal, antitrust, innovation ones etc.). Besides, we would be able to control efficiency of the action of the applied regulation instruments on the main macroeconomic indicators to determine the quantitative criterion of optimum efficiency for regulation instruments.","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133150149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15407/ETET2020.04.025
V. Tarasevych
This article continues the series of publications devoted to the universum evolution of ancient civilization and its sub-civilizations. The author analyzes the evolution of the Mycenaean civilizational area and the revolutionary changes of the dark ages. It is shown that the Mycenaean civilizational range, like Crete-Cyclades, belongs to the Middle subtype of the Eastern type of social evolution; however, unlike the latter, the coastal and inland continental subareas are quite clearly identified. With the prevalence of their common Middle-East-West (MEW) characteristics, the first component has a comparatively high significance of the Western type, and therefore, the Middle-Western subtype of the Eastern type is inherent in it, while the Middle subtype prevails in the second component, which is typical for the Middle-Middle subtype of the Eastern type of evolution. The Dorian conquests of the Sub-Mycenaean period interrupted the dominance of the Eastern line of social evolution in Ancient Greece. The palace farms were destroyed, and so were the corresponding social forms. The "Iron Revolution" of the X-XI centuries catalyzed the processes immanent to the Middle type of social evolution. In the Homeric era, on the one hand, the components of the universal Middle ground “declared their claims to dominance”, in particular, in the form of technological patterns of non-irrigated agriculture, cattle breeding, river and sea fishing, community military democracy, collective-individual community appropriation of indivisible land, basic tools and proto-ins titles. On the other hand, components of a new, special Middle type appear, for example, collective-clan (family) private exo-appropriation of land and tools, and collective-clan (family) personal endo-appropriation of essential human powers and institutions. Unfortunately, the shortage of historical data prevents accurate definition of the evolution subtype of Homer's society.
本文是致力于古代文明及其次文明的宇宙演化的系列出版物的延续。作者分析了迈锡尼文明区的演变和黑暗时代的革命性变化。结果表明，迈锡尼文明范围与克里特-基克拉迪斯一样，属于东方社会进化类型的中间亚型;然而，与后者不同的是，沿海和内陆大陆分区是相当明确的。随着它们共同的中东-西方(Middle- east - west, MEW)特征的普遍存在，第一个分量具有较高的西方型显著性，因此，东方型的中西部亚型是其固有的，而第二个分量以中部亚型为主，这是东方型进化的典型中-中部亚型。亚迈锡尼时期多里安人的征服打断了古希腊社会进化的东方路线的主导地位。宫殿的农场被摧毁了，相应的社会形态也被摧毁了。x - 11世纪的“铁器革命”催化了中间类型社会演变的内在过程。在荷马时代，一方面，普遍中间地带的组成部分“宣布了他们的统治主张”，特别是以非灌溉农业、养牛、河海捕鱼、社区军事民主、集体-个人社区占有不可分割的土地、基本工具和原始所有权的技术模式的形式。另一方面，出现了一种新的、特殊的中间类型的组成部分，例如，集体氏族(家庭)对土地和工具的私人外部占有，以及集体氏族(家庭)对人类基本权力和制度的个人内部占有。不幸的是，历史资料的缺乏阻碍了对荷马社会进化亚型的准确定义。
{"title":"Ancient civilization: Mycenaean evolution and the revolution of Dark Ages","authors":"V. Tarasevych","doi":"10.15407/ETET2020.04.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ETET2020.04.025","url":null,"abstract":"This article continues the series of publications devoted to the universum evolution of ancient civilization and its sub-civilizations. The author analyzes the evolution of the Mycenaean civilizational area and the revolutionary changes of the dark ages. It is shown that the Mycenaean civilizational range, like Crete-Cyclades, belongs to the Middle subtype of the Eastern type of social evolution; however, unlike the latter, the coastal and inland continental subareas are quite clearly identified. With the prevalence of their common Middle-East-West (MEW) characteristics, the first component has a comparatively high significance of the Western type, and therefore, the Middle-Western subtype of the Eastern type is inherent in it, while the Middle subtype prevails in the second component, which is typical for the Middle-Middle subtype of the Eastern type of evolution. The Dorian conquests of the Sub-Mycenaean period interrupted the dominance of the Eastern line of social evolution in Ancient Greece. The palace farms were destroyed, and so were the corresponding social forms. The \"Iron Revolution\" of the X-XI centuries catalyzed the processes immanent to the Middle type of social evolution. In the Homeric era, on the one hand, the components of the universal Middle ground “declared their claims to dominance”, in particular, in the form of technological patterns of non-irrigated agriculture, cattle breeding, river and sea fishing, community military democracy, collective-individual community appropriation of indivisible land, basic tools and proto-ins titles. On the other hand, components of a new, special Middle type appear, for example, collective-clan (family) private exo-appropriation of land and tools, and collective-clan (family) personal endo-appropriation of essential human powers and institutions. Unfortunately, the shortage of historical data prevents accurate definition of the evolution subtype of Homer's society.","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128650533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15407/ETET2020.04.065
Y. Ivashuk
Despite all “non-market” nature of reciprocal interactions, it would be excessive to deny the invisible calculation of network transfers, that is, the accountability of the given and the received. In this paper, by combining the historical and the logical, the author establishes that there is a rather fine line between the reciprocal exchange and the types of corruptive behavior. The common components relate to the quality of the basis and the background, which indicates the nature and origin of corruptive practices. The exceptional and unique is manifested in different forms of manifestation of the general. The relations of trust, whose meaning is revealed based on the presented tree of the game, act as the general. The forms of manifestation of corruptive behavior have been distinguished by the method of classification. It has been noted that a reliable "safeguard" of opportunistic behavior in reciprocal exchange is a system of strict social standards. If market agreements are ensured by formal sanctions or informal forcible methods, violation of unwritten rules of conduct in the economy of gift exchange is punishable by deprivation of trust, which means excluding the entity that has not lived up to expectations from the network of reciprocal interactions. It has been noted that transaction costs under the conditions of reciprocity are quite low, because the exchange relations are personalized, and the importance of the gift is determined by its subjective value to those to whom the gift is offered. It has been established that on the one hand, the exchange of gifts and incentives within reasonable limits can be a socially acceptable component of successful business relations. However, on the other hand, if a person is authorized to perform state functions, a gift may be offered to him/her for the purpose of bribery and/or incitement to abuse of power. Since the top-down fight against corruption, as a rule, does not affect those stable and dominant stereotypes of public consciousness, standards and values that have been nurtured for decades and even hundreds of years. Thus, when developing policies to minimize corruption, it is recommended to use the methodology and results of research in the field of behavioral economics, which determines the promising areas for research on this issue.
{"title":"Possibility of the transformation of reciprocal exchange into manifestations of corruptive behaviour","authors":"Y. Ivashuk","doi":"10.15407/ETET2020.04.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ETET2020.04.065","url":null,"abstract":"Despite all “non-market” nature of reciprocal interactions, it would be excessive to deny the invisible calculation of network transfers, that is, the accountability of the given and the received. In this paper, by combining the historical and the logical, the author establishes that there is a rather fine line between the reciprocal exchange and the types of corruptive behavior. The common components relate to the quality of the basis and the background, which indicates the nature and origin of corruptive practices. The exceptional and unique is manifested in different forms of manifestation of the general. The relations of trust, whose meaning is revealed based on the presented tree of the game, act as the general. The forms of manifestation of corruptive behavior have been distinguished by the method of classification. It has been noted that a reliable \"safeguard\" of opportunistic behavior in reciprocal exchange is a system of strict social standards. If market agreements are ensured by formal sanctions or informal forcible methods, violation of unwritten rules of conduct in the economy of gift exchange is punishable by deprivation of trust, which means excluding the entity that has not lived up to expectations from the network of reciprocal interactions. It has been noted that transaction costs under the conditions of reciprocity are quite low, because the exchange relations are personalized, and the importance of the gift is determined by its subjective value to those to whom the gift is offered. It has been established that on the one hand, the exchange of gifts and incentives within reasonable limits can be a socially acceptable component of successful business relations. However, on the other hand, if a person is authorized to perform state functions, a gift may be offered to him/her for the purpose of bribery and/or incitement to abuse of power. Since the top-down fight against corruption, as a rule, does not affect those stable and dominant stereotypes of public consciousness, standards and values that have been nurtured for decades and even hundreds of years. Thus, when developing policies to minimize corruption, it is recommended to use the methodology and results of research in the field of behavioral economics, which determines the promising areas for research on this issue.","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124119482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.15407/ETET2020.04.045
V. Kornivska
The article presents the results of a research on the current processes of financial inclusion, substantiates the concept of financial inclusion and its world level, and systematizes the existing theoretical-methodological and empirical approaches to determining its role for sustainable development. Based on the analysis of fundamental conditions and current factors of intensification of financial inclusion, the author substantiates the real purpose and consequences of the introduction of digital financial inclusion in national economies and in the global economy and shows the role of global financial institutions in these processes. Particular attention is paid to the impact of financial inclusion on solving the problems of poverty and inequality in society. It is shown that modern financial inclusion does not serve the interests of the majority, but rather the interests of a clearly limited circle of representatives of the global economic and financial elite by creating conditions for the invariance of financial inclusion for ordinary economic agents. The author argues that the main long-term institutional risk of global financial inclusion and non-cash circulation is the consent to the loss of financial freedom by market participants in the face of growing uncertainty in economic and social life and poverty.
{"title":"Institutional risks of financial inclusion","authors":"V. Kornivska","doi":"10.15407/ETET2020.04.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ETET2020.04.045","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a research on the current processes of financial inclusion, substantiates the concept of financial inclusion and its world level, and systematizes the existing theoretical-methodological and empirical approaches to determining its role for sustainable development. Based on the analysis of fundamental conditions and current factors of intensification of financial inclusion, the author substantiates the real purpose and consequences of the introduction of digital financial inclusion in national economies and in the global economy and shows the role of global financial institutions in these processes. Particular attention is paid to the impact of financial inclusion on solving the problems of poverty and inequality in society. It is shown that modern financial inclusion does not serve the interests of the majority, but rather the interests of a clearly limited circle of representatives of the global economic and financial elite by creating conditions for the invariance of financial inclusion for ordinary economic agents. The author argues that the main long-term institutional risk of global financial inclusion and non-cash circulation is the consent to the loss of financial freedom by market participants in the face of growing uncertainty in economic and social life and poverty.","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125969144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.15407/etet2019.03.073
Tetiana Krychevska
{"title":"National model of the Germany banking system: formation, evolution and prospects under globalization","authors":"Tetiana Krychevska","doi":"10.15407/etet2019.03.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.03.073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123959370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.15407/etet2019.03.029
V. Osetskyi, Yevheniia Kyrychenko
{"title":"Human capital in the structure of national wealth","authors":"V. Osetskyi, Yevheniia Kyrychenko","doi":"10.15407/etet2019.03.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.03.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128979948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.15407/etet2019.03.005
V. Mandybura
{"title":"Political economy of alienation and explotation of labor: retrospective approaches and modern problems","authors":"V. Mandybura","doi":"10.15407/etet2019.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116896230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.15407/etet2019.03.060
O. Yaremenko
The article considers prerequisites and consequences of the institutional destructions in economy and society. It is proved that the integrative capacity of the institutional system depends on two main factors: the adequacy of the institutions of complexity and the dynamism of the environment in which the actors operate; and the adequacy of the institutional requirements to the level of institutional competence of the actors. The author justifies that the reason for the increase in the share of institutional anomalies and destructions in the world economy is the process of "blending" of values and value-like institutions as a consequence of the intense globalization, which led to chaotization of the criteria of acceptable and unacceptable social behavior. It is shown that the destruction of usual expectations compels business entities to form and implement the shortest possible plans, regardless of the medium or long-term consequences of their actions. At the same time, the self-Олег
{"title":"Institutional destructions in the economy: preconditions, mechanisms, consequences","authors":"O. Yaremenko","doi":"10.15407/etet2019.03.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.03.060","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers prerequisites and consequences of the institutional destructions in economy and society. It is proved that the integrative capacity of the institutional system depends on two main factors: the adequacy of the institutions of complexity and the dynamism of the environment in which the actors operate; and the adequacy of the institutional requirements to the level of institutional competence of the actors. The author justifies that the reason for the increase in the share of institutional anomalies and destructions in the world economy is the process of \"blending\" of values and value-like institutions as a consequence of the intense globalization, which led to chaotization of the criteria of acceptable and unacceptable social behavior. It is shown that the destruction of usual expectations compels business entities to form and implement the shortest possible plans, regardless of the medium or long-term consequences of their actions. At the same time, the self-Олег","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129927807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.15407/etet2019.03.045
O. Snihova
{"title":"Studies of the essence of diversification of old industrial regions: development of approaches","authors":"O. Snihova","doi":"10.15407/etet2019.03.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.03.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125665837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.15407/ETET2019.02.005
I. Kriuchkova
{"title":"Economic theory and natural law","authors":"I. Kriuchkova","doi":"10.15407/ETET2019.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ETET2019.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":209799,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomìčna teorìâ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116054732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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