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Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion最新文献

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Experts Evaluation of Usability for Digital Solutions Directed at Older Adults: a Scoping Review of Reviews 针对老年人的数字解决方案的可用性专家评估:审查的范围审查
A. Silva, A. Martins, Hilma Caravau, A. M. Almeida, Telmo Silva, Óscar Ribeiro, G. Santinha, N. Rocha
Background: it is important to standardize the evaluation and reporting procedures across usability studies to guide researchers, facilitate comparisons, and promote high-quality studies. A first step to standardizing is to have an overview of how experts-based usability evaluation studies are reported across the literature. Objectives: to describe and synthesize the procedures of usability evaluation by experts that are being reported to conduct inspection usability assessments of digital solutions relevant for older adults. Methods: a scoping review of reviews was performed using a five-stage methodology to identify and describe relevant literature published between 2009 and 2020 as follows: i) identification of the research question; ii) identification of relevant studies; iii) select studies for review; iv) charting of data from selected literature; and v) collation, summary, and report of results. The research was conducted on five electronic databases: PubMed, ACM Digital Library, IEEE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified, and data extracted for further analysis, including evaluators, current usability inspection methods, and instruments to support usability inspection methods. Results: a total of 3958 articles were identified. After a detailed screening, 12 reviews matched the eligibility criteria. Conclusion: overall, we found a variety of unstandardized procedures and a lack of detail on some important aspects of the assessment, including a thorough description of the evaluators and of the instruments used to facilitate the inspection evaluation such as heuristics checklists. These findings suggest the need for a consensus framework on the experts’ assessment of usability that informs researchers and allows standardization of procedures.
背景:标准化可用性研究的评估和报告程序对指导研究人员、促进比较和促进高质量研究具有重要意义。标准化的第一步是概述如何在文献中报告基于专家的可用性评估研究。目标:描述和综合正在报告的专家对老年人相关数字解决方案进行检查可用性评估的可用性评估程序。方法:采用五阶段方法进行综述的范围综述,以确定和描述2009年至2020年期间发表的相关文献,具体如下:i)确定研究问题;Ii)确定相关研究;Iii)选择研究进行审查;Iv)选定文献的数据图表;(五)结果的整理、总结和报告。该研究在PubMed、ACM数字图书馆、IEEE、Scopus和Web of Science五个电子数据库上进行。识别出符合纳入标准的文章,并提取数据以进行进一步分析,包括评估者、当前可用性检查方法和支持可用性检查方法的工具。结果:共鉴定出3958篇。经过详细的筛选,有12项审查符合资格标准。结论:总体而言,我们发现评估的一些重要方面存在各种不标准化的程序和缺乏细节,包括对评估人员和用于促进检查评估的工具(如启发式检查清单)的全面描述。这些发现表明,专家评估可用性需要一个共识框架,为研究人员提供信息,并允许程序标准化。
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引用次数: 3
An Accessible Evaluation Tool to Detect Easy-To-Read Barriers 一个可访问的评估工具,以检测易于阅读的障碍
Jorge Luis Morato Lara, Adrián Campillo, Sonia Sánchez-Cuadrado, Ana Iglesias, Olga Berrios
People with cognitive and learning disabilities make up a significant percentage of the general population. Among the difficulties of this group, it is frequent that they present a poor comprehension of texts. The easy-to-read guidelines facilitate the comprehension of texts but adapting texts according to these rules is a time-consuming manual labour. There are automatic approaches to simplify texts and assess difficulty after the text is published, but there is not a tool to help writers and editors in the editorial process. In this paper a platform is presented to assist in this process by visually identifying problematic elements indicated in the guidelines. This approach allows publishers to do their job more efficiently.
有认知和学习障碍的人占总人口的很大比例。在这个群体的困难中,他们经常表现出对文本的理解不佳。易于阅读的指南有助于理解文本,但根据这些规则调整文本是一项耗时的体力劳动。在文本出版后,有自动简化文本和评估难度的方法,但在编辑过程中没有帮助作者和编辑的工具。在本文中,提出了一个平台,通过直观地识别指南中指出的问题元素来协助这一过程。这种方法允许发布者更有效地完成他们的工作。
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引用次数: 1
A Review of Digital Games for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的数字游戏研究综述
Pavlina Maria Kellidou, Maria Kotzageorgiou, Iro Voulgari, Evdoxia Nteropoulou Nterou
In this study, we review existing free digital games for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We examine their features, aim, educational design, and learning theories that underlie them. Fourteen games were analysed. Based on our analysis, behaviourism seems to be a dominant educational approach for the design of games for ASD, despite the educational advantages of constructivist approaches. Through this review, we link the educational design of digital games for children with ASD to the potential learning outcomes, and we provide some insights for game developers, ASD specialists, and teachers, relevant to the design of more effective games for children with ASD.
在这项研究中,我们回顾了现有的针对自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的免费数字游戏。我们考察了它们的特点、目标、教育设计以及它们背后的学习理论。分析了14场比赛。根据我们的分析,行为主义似乎是ASD游戏设计的主要教育方法,尽管建构主义方法具有教育优势。通过这篇综述,我们将ASD儿童数字游戏的教育设计与潜在的学习结果联系起来,并为游戏开发者、ASD专家和教师提供一些与设计更有效的ASD儿童游戏相关的见解。
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引用次数: 4
Can NAO Robot Influence the Eye Gaze and Joint Attention of Mentally Impaired Young Adults? NAO机器人是否会影响智障青年的注视和联合注意?
A. Freire, António Valente, V. Filipe
In the last decades due to technological advances, Robotics has change its paradigm, as well as, its course of development. Therefore, a new generation of robots has emerged, the Socially Assistive Robotics. These robots aim to improve the assistance to human users through social rather than physical interaction. Consequently, many are the developments made through the use of social robots in mental healthcare scenarios, regarding the elderly population and children or young adults with mental disorders, in order to either prevent cognitive decline, improve psycho-social outcomes or the patient capabilities and lifetime. However, few breakthroughs have been made in the mental disorders field that differ from studies with people with Autism Spectrum Disorders or that are conducted with adults. This study aims to demonstrate that humanoid NAO can improve attention in adults with mental disorders during certain task and kept through several sessions over time.
在过去的几十年里,由于技术的进步,机器人技术已经改变了它的范式,以及它的发展过程。因此,新一代的机器人出现了,即社会辅助机器人。这些机器人旨在通过社交而不是物理互动来改善对人类用户的帮助。因此,许多发展是通过在精神保健方案中使用社交机器人而取得的,涉及老年人口和患有精神障碍的儿童或年轻人,以便防止认知能力下降,改善心理社会结果或患者的能力和寿命。然而,与对自闭症谱系障碍患者或成年人进行的研究不同,在精神障碍领域取得的突破很少。本研究旨在证明人形NAO可以提高成人精神障碍患者在特定任务中的注意力,并持续几次。
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引用次数: 0
Can children of typical development benefit from inclusion intervention with Daisy Robot - a socially assistive robot? 典型发育的儿童能否从Daisy机器人的包容性干预中受益?
Sofia Pliasa, Nikolaos Fachantidis, Panagiota Maragkou
Inclusion is a system that accepts diversity as the norm, and can be achieved successfully in environments that promote and encourage social interaction, such as the interventions with Socially Assistive Robots (SARs) do. The permission and attitudes of the parents of children of Typical Development (TD) that their children participate in interventions that promote inclusion in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are considered as an important factor for the implementation. In general, parents seem to accept the inclusive practices, but when it comes to their children's participation in such activities, many appear to be skeptical about allowing their children to participate, stating most of the times fear that their children will adopt possible negative behaviors of children with disabilities or their children's education will be impeded. In an intervention for the inclusion of three ASD children, with Daisy Robot, three more children of TD, also participated. All TD became more motivated to engage in actions under the guidance of the robot, and their scores on almost all of the skills were perfected after the interventions. Most importantly, TD children's participation worked for the benefit of their own development since no misbehaviors were observed or other issues arose, suggesting that their education and training were impeded. On the contrary, they presented development taking advantage of the different circumstances.
包容性是一种以多样性为规范的系统,可以在促进和鼓励社会互动的环境中成功实现,例如社会辅助机器人(sar)的干预。典型发育儿童(TD)的父母是否允许其子女参与促进自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童包容的干预措施是实施的重要因素。总的来说,家长似乎接受了这种包容的做法,但当涉及到孩子参与这种活动时,许多家长似乎对允许孩子参与持怀疑态度,他们说大多数时候担心孩子会采取残疾儿童可能的负面行为,或者会阻碍孩子的教育。在一个包括三名ASD儿童的干预中,还有Daisy Robot,另外三名TD儿童也参与了进来。在机器人的指导下,所有的TD都变得更有动力参与行动,在干预后,他们几乎所有技能的得分都得到了完善。最重要的是,TD儿童的参与对他们自己的发展有好处,因为没有发现不良行为或其他问题,这表明他们的教育和培训受到了阻碍。相反,他们利用不同的环境提出了发展。
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引用次数: 4
A Smart Home For All Supported By User And Context Adaptation 一个由用户和环境适应支持的智能家居
Ana Patrícia Rocha, N. Almeida, Maksym Ketsmur, António J. S. Teixeira
Homes are becoming increasingly smarter, enabling us to control their smart appliances and devices, as well as obtain relevant information on the home. However, accessibility in smart homes for all is still a challenge, with information being presented in the same way to the different users and in distinct contexts. If the interaction is not adapted to the user, certain citizens (e.g., children, and older/impaired people) can be excluded from exploiting the full potential of smart homes. Furthermore, without adaptation to the context, interaction becomes more difficult in some situations (e.g., noisy or low-light environments). With the aim of enhancing smart home accessibility, we propose a solution for adapting the information presented during interaction with the home to the user's characteristics, capabilities and preferences, as well as to the context, namely the environment's noise and luminosity, and user distance.
家庭正变得越来越智能,使我们能够控制他们的智能家电和设备,并获得有关家庭的信息。然而,智能家居的可访问性仍然是一个挑战,信息以相同的方式呈现给不同的用户和不同的环境。如果交互不适合用户,某些公民(例如,儿童和老年人/残疾人)可能被排除在充分利用智能家居的潜力之外。此外,如果不适应环境,在某些情况下(例如,嘈杂或光线不足的环境),交互变得更加困难。为了增强智能家居的可访问性,我们提出了一种解决方案,可以根据用户的特征、能力和偏好,以及环境(即环境的噪音和亮度,以及用户距离),来调整与家庭交互过程中呈现的信息。
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引用次数: 1
How Can We Improve the Interaction of Older Users With Devices? 我们如何改善老年用户与设备的交互?
L. Guedes, Cristiellen C. A. Ribeiro, Soumaya Ounkhir
Nowadays, world society lives in the information age where technology has made significant advances. This evolution did not simultaneously follow the aging population, which currently can have physical and cognitive difficulties interacting with these devices. This paper aims to analyze how we can enhance older users' experience with portable electronic devices to make them more accessible and user-friendly for this group of people. We carried out assessments with 25 older adults, aged between 60 and 76, who participated in an introductory informatics course. The methodology used were observation, interview, and the application of a questionnaire. After three consecutive months of in-person meetings, we analyzed the data, detecting the senior users' main difficulties during the interaction with devices. Among the results obtained in this work, most of the older users thought it was challenging to find and configure the settings and were afraid to break the device, and some had difficulties with the keyboard, the small font size, and the touchscreen. We show all our findings with more details and suggest how we can improve older users' interaction with devices, reinforcing how accessibility is essential. CCS CONCEPTS • Social and professional topics → Seniors; • Hardware → Communication hardware, interfaces and storage; • Human-centered computing → Accessibility design and evaluation methods
如今,世界社会生活在信息时代,技术取得了显著进步。这种进化并没有同时伴随着人口老龄化,目前人们在使用这些设备时可能会出现身体和认知上的困难。本文旨在分析如何增强老年用户使用便携式电子设备的体验,使其更易于访问和用户友好。我们对25名年龄在60到76岁之间的老年人进行了评估,他们参加了信息学入门课程。使用的方法是观察、访谈和问卷调查的应用。经过连续三个月的面对面会议,我们分析了数据,发现了老年用户在与设备交互时的主要困难。在这项工作中获得的结果中,大多数老年用户认为查找和配置设置具有挑战性,害怕损坏设备,有些人对键盘,小字体和触摸屏有困难。我们用更多的细节展示了我们所有的发现,并建议我们如何改善老年用户与设备的交互,强调可访问性的重要性。•社会和专业主题→老年人;•硬件→通信硬件、接口和存储;•以人为本的计算→无障碍设计和评价方法
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引用次数: 2
Absence and Presence of Faces in Videos during the COVID19 Lockdown covid - 19封锁期间视频中人脸的缺失和存在
F. Sandnes
The COVID-19 outbreak forced the educators to deploy digital online learning giving rise to a range of new situations. The phenomenon of undergraduate students not activating their cameras during video lectures has been widely reported. Also, the philosophies regarding the goals of pre-recorded online video vary. To get more insight into the role and importance of students’ and teacher's faces in video communication a video watching experiment and a questionnaire was designed and deployed in a class of 180 computer science students. The results indicate that students do to see the benefits of activating their own cameras. The results also show that there was a small benefit of including the lecturer's face in lecture videos.
新冠肺炎疫情迫使教育工作者部署数字在线学习,从而引发了一系列新情况。大学生在视频课上不开摄像头的现象已经被广泛报道。此外,关于预录制在线视频的目标的理念也各不相同。为了更深入地了解学生和教师的面孔在视频交流中的作用和重要性,我们设计了一个视频观看实验和问卷调查,并在一个180名计算机科学专业的学生中进行了部署。结果表明,学生们确实看到了激活自己的相机的好处。研究结果还表明,在讲课视频中出现讲师的脸有一个小好处。
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引用次数: 0
Remote Moderated and Unmoderated Evaluation by Users with Visual Disabilities of an Online Registration and Authentication System for Health Services 视觉障碍用户对健康服务在线注册和认证系统的远程有节制和无节制评价
H. Petrie, Mitchell Wakefield
Online registration and authentication is becoming increasingly important, yet registration and authentication systems are typically developed without considering the needs of people with disabilities, particular visual disabilities. We now face an additional challenge that evaluating systems with users has become impossible in face-to-face situations due to the coronavirus pandemic, so remote evaluations become more important. This paper presents a remote evaluation with visually disabled users of the registration and authentication process for online health services in the UK. Two methods of remote evaluation were compared: moderated evaluation in which the researcher and participant worked together via Microsoft Teams; and unmoderated evaluation in which the participant worked by themselves and recorded their session for later analysis by the researcher. This paper concentrates on the issues of the remote evaluation methods, rather than the results of the accessibility of the registration and authentication process, which will be reported later. A number of problems and some surprising strengths of remote evaluation with visually disabled participants are discussed, as well as some differences between moderated and unmoderated remote evaluation.
在线注册和认证正变得越来越重要,但注册和认证系统的开发通常没有考虑到残疾人,特别是视力障碍者的需求。我们现在面临的另一个挑战是,由于冠状病毒大流行,在面对面的情况下,与用户一起评估系统变得不可能,因此远程评估变得更加重要。本文提出了一个远程评估与视障用户的注册和认证过程的在线医疗服务在英国。比较了两种远程评价方法:研究者和被试通过Microsoft Teams共同协作的有调节评价;在无节制的评估中,参与者自己工作,记录他们的会话,供研究人员稍后分析。本文关注的是远程评估方法的问题,而不是注册和认证过程的可访问性的结果,这将在后面报道。讨论了视障参与者远程评估的一些问题和一些令人惊讶的优势,以及有调节和无调节远程评估之间的一些差异。
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引用次数: 2
Usage of Mobile Technologies for Diseases Inference: A Literature Review 移动技术在疾病推断中的应用:文献综述
Salik Ram Khanal, Arsénio Reis, Dennis Paulino, Damodar Bhandari, H. Paredes, J. Barroso
The fields of artificial intelligence, knowledge inference, data science, etc. have been deeply studied over time and many theoretical approaches have been developed, including its application to health and diseases inference. The creation of prototype and consumer systems has been restrained by the technology limitations on data acquisition and processing, which has been greatly overcome with the new sensors and mobile devices technologies. So, in this work we go through a literature review of the current state of the art on record to the usage of mobile technologies for diseases inference. The review methodology is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. The criteria were based on journal articles, prior to 2008, and using the defined keywords. A total of 14 selected articles were analyzed. A general conclusion was attained regarding the current state of maturity of the field, leading to fully functional consumer and professional market products.
随着时间的推移,人工智能、知识推理、数据科学等领域得到了深入的研究,并发展了许多理论方法,包括将其应用于健康和疾病推理。原型和消费者系统的创建一直受到数据采集和处理的技术限制,这已经被新的传感器和移动设备技术大大克服。因此,在这项工作中,我们通过文献综述,记录了移动技术用于疾病推断的当前状态。评估方法基于系统评估和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)框架。标准是基于2008年之前的期刊文章,并使用定义的关键词。共选取14篇文章进行分析。关于该领域目前的成熟状态,得出了一个总的结论,从而产生了功能齐全的消费者和专业市场产品。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion
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