R&D Management最新文献

英文中文

How top management team social status impacts innovation 高层管理团队的社会地位如何影响创新

2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12647

Ali Radfard, Luca Pistilli, Alessia Paccagnini

Scholars have investigated the effect that top management team (TMT) status has on several organizational dimensions, including strategic decision, risk propensity, and, ultimately, performance. However, the existing literature is relatively silent on the effect of TMT status on innovation. Our scope is to cover that research gap. Grounding our reasoning on two different yet intertwined literature streams – one on the TMT status and the other on innovation – we predict that TMT status should be positively correlated with innovation and its market value, but not with its scientific value. Relying on a unique, hand‐crafted dataset composed of 833 firm‐years' observations for the period 2005–2010, we can validate our hypotheses. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between TMT status and innovation generated by the respective firm. Finally, the study discusses limitations and recommendations for further research.

学者们研究了高层管理团队(TMT)地位对几个组织维度的影响，包括战略决策、风险倾向，以及最终的绩效。然而，现有文献对TMT地位对创新的影响相对沉默。我们的范围是填补研究空白。基于两种不同但相互交织的文献流——一种是关于TMT地位的，另一种是关于创新的——我们预测TMT地位应该与创新及其市场价值呈正相关，但与科学价值无关。依靠一个独特的、手工制作的数据集，该数据集由2005-2010年期间833个公司年的观测数据组成，我们可以验证我们的假设。我们的研究有助于更好地理解TMT地位与各自公司产生的创新之间的关系。最后，讨论了研究的局限性和进一步研究的建议。

引用次数: 0

How sustainable is the sharing business model? Toward a conceptual framework 共享商业模式的可持续性如何?走向一个概念框架

2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12648

Per Carlborg, Hannah Snyder, Lars Witell

The sharing economy, which is considered a better way of utilizing existing resources, is associated with positive effects not only on the financial aspects of sustainability but also on its environmental and social dimensions. But is this true? Previous research has typically discussed either the positive or negative aspects of the sharing business model in specific contexts. This study adopts a dual perspective regarding the sustainability of sharing business models by critically analyzing the relationship between sharing business models and sustainability. Building on the resource‐based view of the firm and practice theory, the current research develops a conceptual framework for evaluating the sustainability of sharing business models at the level of the individual, the firm, and society. Our proposed dual‐process model suggests that two competing processes contribute to sustainability. The study's conceptual model and propositions advance theory and provide a research agenda for future empirical studies. This research also provides valuable guidance to managers and policymakers regarding the sustainability of sharing business models, which can inform the business model innovation process.

共享经济被认为是利用现有资源的一种更好的方式，不仅在可持续性的财务方面，而且在环境和社会方面都具有积极影响。但这是真的吗?以往的研究通常在特定的背景下讨论共享商业模式的积极或消极方面。本研究采用双重视角考察共享商业模式的可持续性，批判性地分析共享商业模式与可持续性的关系。基于企业的资源基础观点和实践理论，本研究开发了一个概念性框架，用于在个人、企业和社会层面上评估共享商业模式的可持续性。我们提出的双过程模型表明，两个相互竞争的过程有助于可持续发展。该研究的概念模型和命题推进了理论，并为未来的实证研究提供了研究议程。本研究也为管理者和决策者提供了关于共享商业模式可持续性的有价值的指导，可以为商业模式创新过程提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Fostering digital literacy among small and micro‐enterprises: digital transformation as an open and guided innovation process 促进小微企业的数字素养:数字化转型是一个开放和引导的创新过程

2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12645

Nunzia Coco, Cinzia Colapinto, Vladi Finotto

This study examines how micro, small and medium‐sized enterprises (MSMEs) can overcome resistance to digitalization through open innovation and design thinking techniques. By analyzing data from 74 Italian MSMEs participating in an Industry 4.0 adoption policy initiative, the research explores strategies to increase the adoption of new technologies. Using an action‐research analytical approach of 9 months, we identify factors facilitating the digitization process in MSMEs and achieving digitization policy objectives. This paper emphasizes the role of training, networking, and co‐creation initiatives in enhancing MSMEs' digital literacy and promoting the adoption of new technologies. These findings contribute to the ongoing debate on MSMEs' digital transformation and inform policy‐making by highlighting both enablers and barriers. Ultimately, the research aims to provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers seeking to support MSMEs in their digitalization journey.

本研究探讨了微型、中小型企业(MSMEs)如何通过开放式创新和设计思维技术克服数字化的阻力。通过分析74家参与工业4.0采用政策倡议的意大利中小微企业的数据，该研究探讨了增加新技术采用的策略。采用为期9个月的行动研究分析方法，我们确定了促进中小微企业数字化进程和实现数字化政策目标的因素。本文强调了培训、网络和共同创造倡议在提高中小微企业数字素养和促进新技术采用方面的作用。这些发现有助于对中小微企业数字化转型的持续辩论，并通过强调推动因素和障碍为政策制定提供信息。最终，该研究旨在为寻求支持中小微企业数字化之旅的从业者和政策制定者提供有价值的见解。

引用次数: 0

Correction to ‘Ecosystem effectuation: creating new value through open innovation during a pandemic’ 修正“生态系统效应:大流行期间通过开放式创新创造新价值”

2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12631

引用次数: 0

2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12601

Albert Banal‐Estañol, Qianshuo Liu, Inés Macho‐Stadler, David Pérez‐Castrillo

We analyse if and how the characteristics of grant research panels affect the applicants' likelihood of obtaining funding and, especially, if particular types of panels favour particular types of applicants. We use the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) award decisions to test the similar‐to‐me hypothesis for the first time in the grant context. Our main results indicate that panel members tend to favour more (or penalise less) applicants with similar characteristics to them, as the similar‐to‐me hypothesis suggests. We show, for instance, that the quality of the applicants is more critical for panels of high quality than for panels of relatively lower quality, that basic‐oriented panels tend to penalise applied‐oriented applicants, and that panels with fewer female members tend to penalise teams with more female applicants. As a whole, we show that similar‐to‐me effects are simultaneously at work for a wide variety of functional, job‐related research characteristics as well as for more well‐known demographic attributes.

我们分析了资助研究小组的特点是否以及如何影响申请人获得资助的可能性，特别是，如果特定类型的小组有利于特定类型的申请人。我们利用英国工程与物理科学研究委员会(EPSRC)的奖励决定，首次在资助背景下测试了相似的假设。我们的主要结果表明，正如“相似对我”假设所表明的那样，小组成员倾向于更多地青睐(或较少地惩罚)与他们特征相似的申请人。例如，我们发现，与质量相对较低的小组相比，申请人的质量对高质量小组更为重要，以基础为导向的小组往往会惩罚以应用为导向的申请人，女性成员较少的小组往往会惩罚女性申请人较多的小组。总的来说，我们表明，在各种各样的功能、与工作相关的研究特征以及更广为人知的人口统计属性中，“与我相似”的效应同时存在。

引用次数: 0

High-efficiency genome editing of an extreme thermophile Thermus thermophilus using endogenous type I and type III CRISPR-Cas systems. 利用内源性 I 型和 III 型 CRISPR-Cas 系统对极端嗜热菌 Thermus thermophilus 进行高效基因组编辑。

IF 5.4 2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2022-12-07 eCollection Date: 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12045

Jinting Wang, Junwei Wei, Haijuan Li, Yingjun Li

Thermus thermophilus is an attractive species in the bioindustry due to its valuable natural products, abundant thermophilic enzymes, and promising fermentation capacities. However, efficient and versatile genome editing tools are not available for this species. In this study, we developed an efficient genome editing tool for T. thermophilus HB27 based on its endogenous type I-B, I-C, and III-A/B CRISPR-Cas systems. First, we systematically characterized the DNA interference capabilities of the different types of the native CRISPR-Cas systems in T. thermophilus HB27. We found that genomic manipulations such as gene deletion, mutation, and in situ tagging could be easily implemented by a series of genome-editing plasmids carrying an artificial self-targeting mini-CRISPR and a donor DNA responsible for the recombinant recovery. We also compared the genome editing efficiency of different CRISPR-Cas systems and the editing plasmids with donor DNAs of different lengths. Additionally, we developed a reporter gene system for T. thermophilus based on a heat-stable β-galactosidase gene TTP0042, and constructed an engineered strain with a high production capacity of superoxide dismutases by genome modification.

嗜热菌（Thermus thermophilus）因其珍贵的天然产品、丰富的嗜热酶和良好的发酵能力而成为生物产业中极具吸引力的物种。然而，目前还没有适用于该菌种的高效、多功能基因组编辑工具。在本研究中，我们基于嗜热菌 HB27 的内源性 I-B、I-C 和 III-A/B 型 CRISPR-Cas 系统，为其开发了一种高效的基因组编辑工具。首先，我们系统地描述了嗜热菌HB27中不同类型原生CRISPR-Cas系统的DNA干扰能力。我们发现，通过一系列携带人工自靶向微型CRISPR和负责重组恢复的供体DNA的基因组编辑质粒，可以轻松实现基因缺失、突变和原位标记等基因组操作。我们还比较了不同 CRISPR-Cas 系统和带有不同长度供体 DNA 的编辑质粒的基因组编辑效率。此外，我们还开发了基于热稳定β-半乳糖苷酶基因TTP0042的嗜热菌报告基因系统，并通过基因组改造构建了高产超氧化物歧化酶的工程菌株。

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引用次数: 0

A digital ecosystem as an institutional field: curated peer production as a response to institutional voids revealed by COVID‐19 作为制度领域的数字生态系统:策划同行生产，以应对COVID - 19所揭示的制度空白

IF 6.3 2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12555

Soumodip Sarkar, Anna Waldman-Brown, S. Clegg

This paper investigates the ecosystem dynamics of the Open‐source [COVID‐19] Medical Supplies network that arose to fill the institutional void revealed by state and private sector failures to stockpile and supply enough personal protective equipment. Theoretically, the paper adds correctives to extant institutional theory accounts of entrepreneurship filling institutional voids, showing that these can be filled rapidly and normatively by digital entrepreneurial ecosystems allied with peer production networks. These were able to transform the boundary conditions of a routinized system, refixing its autopoiesis innovatively. The COVID‐19 epidemic galvanized hundreds of thousands of volunteer “makers” around the world to cooperate to meet urgent demand for medical supplies. A digital entrepreneurial ecosystem arose in response to the problem of critical equipment shortages, connecting global, expert‐curated know‐how with local production equipment. We contribute to the theory of institutional voids by documenting and analyzing how the formation and emergent processes that created and sustained a Digital Peer Production Ecosystem based on self‐organization, expert curation and scalability, successfully catalyzed local initiatives worldwide. Institutional voids are not just barriers to entrepreneurship; they are also opportunities.

本文研究了开源[COVID - 19]医疗用品网络的生态系统动态，该网络填补了国家和私营部门未能储存和供应足够的个人防护装备所揭示的制度空白。从理论上讲，本文对现有的关于企业家精神填补制度空白的制度理论进行了修正，表明这些空白可以通过与对等生产网络相结合的数字创业生态系统快速而规范地填补。这些能够改变常规系统的边界条件，创新地修复其自创生。COVID - 19疫情激发了世界各地数十万志愿者“制造者”的合作，以满足对医疗用品的紧急需求。为了应对关键设备短缺的问题，数字创业生态系统应运而生，将全球专家策划的专有技术与当地生产设备联系起来。我们通过记录和分析创建和维持基于自组织、专家管理和可扩展性的数字对等生产生态系统的形成和紧急过程，成功地催化了全球范围内的地方倡议，从而为制度空白理论做出了贡献。制度空白不仅是创业的障碍;它们也是机会。

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引用次数: 4

R&D management at a time of crisis: what are we learning from the initial response to the COVID‐19 pandemic? 危机时期的研发管理:我们从COVID - 19大流行的初步应对中学到了什么?

IF 6.3 2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2022-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12528

L. Mortara, R. Manzini, L. Dooley, V. Lazzarotti, Alberto Di Minin, A. Piccaluga

1 Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge, 17 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK. lm367@cam.ac.uk 2 School of Industrial Engineering, Carlo Cattaneo UniversityLIUC, Corso Matteotti 22, Castellanza, Varese, 21053, Italy, rmanzini@liuc.it, valentina.lazzarotti@liuc.it 3 Cork University Business School, University College Cork, Main Quadrangle, College Road, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland. L.Dooley@ucc.ie 4 Istituto di Management, Scuola Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, Pisa, 56127, Italy, alberto. diminin@santannapisa.it andrea.piccaluga@santannapisa.it

剑桥大学制造研究所，查尔斯巴贝奇路17号，剑桥，CB3 0FS，英国。im367@cam .ac.uk 2工业工程学院，Carlo Cattaneo UniversityLIUC, Corso Matteotti 22, Castellanza, Varese, 21053，意大利，rmanzini@liuc.， valentina.lazzarotti@liuc. 3科克大学学院科克，Main Quadrangle, College Road, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland。L. dooley@ucc.ie 4管理学院，圣安娜学院，自由烈士广场33，比萨，56127，意大利，阿尔贝托。diminin@santannapisa。it安德里亚·piccaluga@santannapisa。it

引用次数: 6

Does geographic distance benefit or harm cooperative NPD creativity? A contingency model 地理距离对合作型新产品开发的创造力有利还是有害?权变模型

IF 6.3 2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12529

Feng Zhang, Lei Zhu, Chongchong Lyu

引用次数: 2

Nonlinear spatial innovation spillovers and regional open innovation: evidence from China 非线性空间创新溢出与区域开放创新:来自中国的证据

IF 6.3 2区管理学 Q1 BUSINESS

R&D Management

Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12527

Shuai Wang, Xing Shi, Ting Wang, Jin Hong

引用次数: 4

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