To separate and purify organic contaminants, the employment of liquid membrane technology based on the Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) technique is a major alternative. This technology has been extensively employed on an industrial, hospital
{"title":"UTILIZATION OF THE POLYMER INCLUSION MEMBRANE METHOD FOR PHENOL TRANSPORT USING CO-EDVB 8% AS A CARRIER","authors":"A.A. Kiswandono, None A. Rahmawati, None N.R. Oktalina, None A.V. Sindiani, None Nurhasanah, None W.T. Utama, None R.A. Lusiana, None Suharso, None Rinawati","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638392","url":null,"abstract":"To separate and purify organic contaminants, the employment of liquid membrane technology based on the Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) technique is a major alternative. This technology has been extensively employed on an industrial, hospital","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1638430
D. R. Putri, None N. Ismail, None R. Idroes, None M. Marwan, None S. Rizal, S. N. Abdulmadjid, G. M. Idroes, T. R. Noviandy, None A. Lala, None M. Yusuf, None M. Muslem, None R. Suhendra, None M. Yanis, None D. B. Dharma
The Bur Ni Geureudong volcanic complex is a potential area for geothermal development and utility. This volcanic complex is situated in northern Sumatra, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Geothermal potential in this area is manifested by several hot springs discharged in the Pinto Rime Gayo (PRG), Simpang Balek (SB), Uning Bertih (UB), and Silih Nara (SN) springs. All springs have a neutral pH and a surface temperature ranges from 34.10 to 67.11ºC. A geochemical investigation was conducted on the hot springs to understand the hydrochemistry of the geothermal fluid and estimate the reservoir temperature of the geothermal area. This investigation was an exploration study of geothermal resources in the area. Hot waters in the PRG, SB, UB, and SN springs were collected and analyzed in May 2018 to identify the cations and anions contained. Piper and Cl-SO 4 -HCO 3 diagrams have been plotted to characterize the geothermal fluid. Na/K geothermometer has been applied to calculate the temperature of the geothermal reservoir. Isotope analysis has also been conducted to estimate the origin of the fluid. This research discovered that the major element of the water demonstrates the various geothermal water types. The PRG spring contains Na-K-Cl water, whereas the SN spring contains diluted Cl-HCO 3 water with mixed cation concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, and K. The waters in SB and UB are a mixed form of Cl-HCO 3 -SO 4 waters. According to the δD and δ 18 O relationship , t he genesis of geothermal fluids is hydrothermal fluids of meteoric water. Based on the Na/K geothermometer, the reservoir temperature of the Bur Ni Geureudong geothermal system is a range of 171-289ºC which is indicated as a high enthalpy system (>225ºC). It can be concluded the Bur Ni Geureudong geothermal region is recognized by this study as a promising source of renewable energy. Future work on geothermal exploration and utilization is expected to expand on the framework established by this present study.
{"title":"GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF HOT SPRINGS IN THE BUR NI GEUREUDONG GEOTHERMAL PROSPECT AREA, ACEH-INDONESIA","authors":"D. R. Putri, None N. Ismail, None R. Idroes, None M. Marwan, None S. Rizal, S. N. Abdulmadjid, G. M. Idroes, T. R. Noviandy, None A. Lala, None M. Yusuf, None M. Muslem, None R. Suhendra, None M. Yanis, None D. B. Dharma","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638430","url":null,"abstract":"The Bur Ni Geureudong volcanic complex is a potential area for geothermal development and utility. This volcanic complex is situated in northern Sumatra, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Geothermal potential in this area is manifested by several hot springs discharged in the Pinto Rime Gayo (PRG), Simpang Balek (SB), Uning Bertih (UB), and Silih Nara (SN) springs. All springs have a neutral pH and a surface temperature ranges from 34.10 to 67.11ºC. A geochemical investigation was conducted on the hot springs to understand the hydrochemistry of the geothermal fluid and estimate the reservoir temperature of the geothermal area. This investigation was an exploration study of geothermal resources in the area. Hot waters in the PRG, SB, UB, and SN springs were collected and analyzed in May 2018 to identify the cations and anions contained. Piper and Cl-SO 4 -HCO 3 diagrams have been plotted to characterize the geothermal fluid. Na/K geothermometer has been applied to calculate the temperature of the geothermal reservoir. Isotope analysis has also been conducted to estimate the origin of the fluid. This research discovered that the major element of the water demonstrates the various geothermal water types. The PRG spring contains Na-K-Cl water, whereas the SN spring contains diluted Cl-HCO 3 water with mixed cation concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, and K. The waters in SB and UB are a mixed form of Cl-HCO 3 -SO 4 waters. According to the δD and δ 18 O relationship , t he genesis of geothermal fluids is hydrothermal fluids of meteoric water. Based on the Na/K geothermometer, the reservoir temperature of the Bur Ni Geureudong geothermal system is a range of 171-289ºC which is indicated as a high enthalpy system (>225ºC). It can be concluded the Bur Ni Geureudong geothermal region is recognized by this study as a promising source of renewable energy. Future work on geothermal exploration and utilization is expected to expand on the framework established by this present study.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1638503
None Y. Venkatarao, None P. Parthiban
Schiff base and its metal complex are biologically potential molecules, and as a consequence, we synthesized a model ligand 5-{[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one (1)
{"title":"SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT SCREENING OF 5-{[(E)-(2-HYDROXYPHENYL) METHYLIDENE]AMINO}-2-BENZOFURAN-1(3H)-ONE AND ITS METAL COMPLEX","authors":"None Y. Venkatarao, None P. Parthiban","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638503","url":null,"abstract":"Schiff base and its metal complex are biologically potential molecules, and as a consequence, we synthesized a model ligand 5-{[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}-2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one (1)","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135595956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A wide range of bacterial infections are mitigated with antibiotics, however, repeated infections produced by importunate bacteria are obstructing effective treatment. Furthermore, the resistance of bacteria to the existing antibiotics is a significant and vexing problem of the day. The hybrid pharmacophore structural modification concept is now widely used to develop new medications with synergistic activity or increased medication efficacy. This review looks at the benzimidazole hybrids that have evolved in the last two decades and have probable antibacterial action. Structure-activity relationship and study of molecular interaction are also examined to locate the course for the intent and expansion of benzimidazole hybrids by means of good pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that such hybrids that have substitution on both ring benzimidazole, as well as other heterocyclic rings, have better antibacterial potential rather than the hybrids that have substitution only on a single ring. Findings also indicate the crucial positions for substitution to have maximum antibacterial potential. The antibacterial activity not only depends on the substitution of rings but also depends on the attachment of the linker group between two rings. Resulting, it is thought worthwhile to synthesize novel benzimidazole hybrids having appropriate linkers and substituents with the goal of having potent bactericidal activity.
{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF BENZIMIDAZOLE CONTAINING HYBRID DERIVATIVES","authors":"None Suvaiv, Kuldeep Singh, Praveen Kumar, Syed Misbahul Hasan, Shom Prakash Kushwaha, Arun Kumar, Syed Mehdi Hasan Zaidi, Shubham Kumar Maurya","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638382","url":null,"abstract":"A wide range of bacterial infections are mitigated with antibiotics, however, repeated infections produced by importunate bacteria are obstructing effective treatment. Furthermore, the resistance of bacteria to the existing antibiotics is a significant and vexing problem of the day. The hybrid pharmacophore structural modification concept is now widely used to develop new medications with synergistic activity or increased medication efficacy. This review looks at the benzimidazole hybrids that have evolved in the last two decades and have probable antibacterial action. Structure-activity relationship and study of molecular interaction are also examined to locate the course for the intent and expansion of benzimidazole hybrids by means of good pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that such hybrids that have substitution on both ring benzimidazole, as well as other heterocyclic rings, have better antibacterial potential rather than the hybrids that have substitution only on a single ring. Findings also indicate the crucial positions for substitution to have maximum antibacterial potential. The antibacterial activity not only depends on the substitution of rings but also depends on the attachment of the linker group between two rings. Resulting, it is thought worthwhile to synthesize novel benzimidazole hybrids having appropriate linkers and substituents with the goal of having potent bactericidal activity.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1638458
Vyshali Veerareddy, umaraswamy Gandla
Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Glecaprevir & Pibrentasvir in pure form and their combined tablet dosage forms. The current separation was achieved on a Chromasil ODS Column (4.6 x 250mm, 5.0 μ) using the composition of the mobile phase of (0.1 M KH 2 PO 4 buffer: methanol) in the ratio of (60:40) at pH 4.5. The pump flow rate was adjusted after several one milliliter per minute and both the samples were separated at 230nm. The retention times are 1.7 min and 2.3 min, for Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir respectively with linear ranges 20 µg/ml-60 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml-150 µg/ml. The method was statistically validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and selectivity as per ICH guidelines. The drugs were subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis of the RP-HPLC method. Both medications were tested under various stress forced conditions, including alkali, acid, oxidative, photodegradation, & hydrolysis degradation. The accuracy limit is the percentage recovery should be in the range of 98.0% - 101.0%. The total recovery was found to be 99.69% and 99.39% for Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir. The validation of developed method shows that the accuracy is well within the limit, which shows that the method is capable of showing good accuracy and reproducibility. The robustness limit for mobile phase variation and flow rate variation are well within the limit, which shows that the method is having good system suitability and precision under given set of conditions.
{"title":"A NOVEL STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PIBRENTASVIR AND GLECAPREVIR IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS","authors":"Vyshali Veerareddy, umaraswamy Gandla","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638458","url":null,"abstract":"Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Glecaprevir & Pibrentasvir in pure form and their combined tablet dosage forms. The current separation was achieved on a Chromasil ODS Column (4.6 x 250mm, 5.0 μ) using the composition of the mobile phase of (0.1 M KH 2 PO 4 buffer: methanol) in the ratio of (60:40) at pH 4.5. The pump flow rate was adjusted after several one milliliter per minute and both the samples were separated at 230nm. The retention times are 1.7 min and 2.3 min, for Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir respectively with linear ranges 20 µg/ml-60 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml-150 µg/ml. The method was statistically validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and selectivity as per ICH guidelines. The drugs were subjected to stress conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis of the RP-HPLC method. Both medications were tested under various stress forced conditions, including alkali, acid, oxidative, photodegradation, & hydrolysis degradation. The accuracy limit is the percentage recovery should be in the range of 98.0% - 101.0%. The total recovery was found to be 99.69% and 99.39% for Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir. The validation of developed method shows that the accuracy is well within the limit, which shows that the method is capable of showing good accuracy and reproducibility. The robustness limit for mobile phase variation and flow rate variation are well within the limit, which shows that the method is having good system suitability and precision under given set of conditions.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1638264
None H. Hidayat, M.M. Musawwa, F.I. Fajarwati
Moringa seeds are a class of edible oils that have activities such as antioxidants, antiaging, emollients, hair care, and skin lightening. This study aims to identify the potential of chemical compounds from moringa seed oil as an antibacterial against Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Analysis by GC-MS showed that Moringa seed oil contains 40% oleic acid which is the compound with the highest peak. The antibacterial activity of Moringa seed oil was categorized as strong with clear zones of 11 mm and 15 mm respectively by Moringa seed oil which was extracted using soxhletation and MAE methods. Moreover, the characterization using GC-MS identified the presence of high oleic acid in Moringa seed oil with an area of 40%. The extraction results identified their functional groups by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Phytochemical test results showed that the oil from Moringa seeds was proven to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, and polyphenols. FTIR analysis showed several functional groups consisting of C=O, CH 3 , CH 2 groups, C-O esters, and O-H acids .
{"title":"BIOACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FROM MORINGA SEEDS (Moringa oleifera) AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST AGAINST Streptococcus pyogenes BACTERIA","authors":"None H. Hidayat, M.M. Musawwa, F.I. Fajarwati","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638264","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa seeds are a class of edible oils that have activities such as antioxidants, antiaging, emollients, hair care, and skin lightening. This study aims to identify the potential of chemical compounds from moringa seed oil as an antibacterial against Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Analysis by GC-MS showed that Moringa seed oil contains 40% oleic acid which is the compound with the highest peak. The antibacterial activity of Moringa seed oil was categorized as strong with clear zones of 11 mm and 15 mm respectively by Moringa seed oil which was extracted using soxhletation and MAE methods. Moreover, the characterization using GC-MS identified the presence of high oleic acid in Moringa seed oil with an area of 40%. The extraction results identified their functional groups by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Phytochemical test results showed that the oil from Moringa seeds was proven to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, and polyphenols. FTIR analysis showed several functional groups consisting of C=O, CH 3 , CH 2 groups, C-O esters, and O-H acids .","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1638206
S. Antony Sakthi
Over the past two decades, graphite (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) two-dimensional materials have been found to be very valuable applied materials. Graphene acts as an electron transfer agent and performs well as an electrode material in supercapacitors. However, mass production of graphene remains a major challenge. According to this research paper, naturally occurring graphite from the earth is refined and re-extracted. Hummer's method was used to prepare graphene oxide from well-purified flake graphite with the addition of both H 2 SO 4 as a guest and KMnO 4 as an oxidizing agent. Recently, ZIF-67@rGO nanocomposites have been widely used due to their high surface area, uniform porosity, and relatively high thermal and chemical stability.When comparing graphite and graphene oxide, graphene oxide spacing distance is much more than graphite. It is well known that graphene oxide contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups due to graphite oxidation. Another common feature of rGO is that fold-like structures are observed on both the surface and edges of rGO. Also,ZIF-67@rGO nanocomposite was prepared by mixing equal amounts of crystalline ZIF-67 and very fine rGO powder using a simple hydrothermal and stirring method. Such instruments FT-IR, XRD, UV, and SEM have been used to characterize the consequences of these factors on the structure and attribute of GO, rGO, and ZIF-67@rGO. In general, looking at the results and properties of rGO/ZIF-67 air gel, it is confirmed that this nanocomposite material is an alternative composition for use as an electrode material for electrodes in symmetric supercapacitor storage devices.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE SUPERCAPACITOR ZIF-67@rGO NANOCOMPOSITE ELECTRODE MATERIALS","authors":"S. Antony Sakthi","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1638206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638206","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, graphite (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) two-dimensional materials have been found to be very valuable applied materials. Graphene acts as an electron transfer agent and performs well as an electrode material in supercapacitors. However, mass production of graphene remains a major challenge. According to this research paper, naturally occurring graphite from the earth is refined and re-extracted. Hummer's method was used to prepare graphene oxide from well-purified flake graphite with the addition of both H 2 SO 4 as a guest and KMnO 4 as an oxidizing agent. Recently, ZIF-67@rGO nanocomposites have been widely used due to their high surface area, uniform porosity, and relatively high thermal and chemical stability.When comparing graphite and graphene oxide, graphene oxide spacing distance is much more than graphite. It is well known that graphene oxide contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups due to graphite oxidation. Another common feature of rGO is that fold-like structures are observed on both the surface and edges of rGO. Also,ZIF-67@rGO nanocomposite was prepared by mixing equal amounts of crystalline ZIF-67 and very fine rGO powder using a simple hydrothermal and stirring method. Such instruments FT-IR, XRD, UV, and SEM have been used to characterize the consequences of these factors on the structure and attribute of GO, rGO, and ZIF-67@rGO. In general, looking at the results and properties of rGO/ZIF-67 air gel, it is confirmed that this nanocomposite material is an alternative composition for use as an electrode material for electrodes in symmetric supercapacitor storage devices.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136303323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1618000
K. Fitri, M. Andry, T. N. Khairani, H. S. Winata, A. Violenta, N. Lubis, M. F. Lubis
The cytotoxic activitiy of silver nanoparticles bio-functionalized by Nelumbo nucifera leaf extracts were examined in the current work. The nanoparticle (AgNPs) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and a particle size analyzer. Cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles against T47D and 4T1 cells using the MTT method using concentrations of 100 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, and 25 µg/mL. For comparison, doxorubicin was used at the same dose. The size of the spherical nanoparticle was 66.4±0.93 nm and the polydispersity index was 0.23±0.05. Silver nanoparticles have anti-cancer properties against T47D and 4T1 cell lines based on inhibitory concentration. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AgNPs on T47D and 4T1 cells were obtained at 12.10±0.08 𝜇g/mL and 98.77±1.27 𝜇g/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values of doxorubicin in T47D and 4T1 cells were 4.45±0.03 𝜇g/mL and 36.77±1.15 𝜇g/mL, respectively. Overall, the results revealed that the green-synthetized silver nanoparticle had cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells in comparison to doxorubicin.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. LEAF AND ITS CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AGAINST T47D AND 4T1 CELL LINES","authors":"K. Fitri, M. Andry, T. N. Khairani, H. S. Winata, A. Violenta, N. Lubis, M. F. Lubis","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1618000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1618000","url":null,"abstract":"The cytotoxic activitiy of silver nanoparticles bio-functionalized by Nelumbo nucifera leaf extracts were examined in the current work. The nanoparticle (AgNPs) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and a particle size analyzer. Cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles against T47D and 4T1 cells using the MTT method using concentrations of 100 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, and 25 µg/mL. For comparison, doxorubicin was used at the same dose. The size of the spherical nanoparticle was 66.4±0.93 nm and the polydispersity index was 0.23±0.05. Silver nanoparticles have anti-cancer properties against T47D and 4T1 cell lines based on inhibitory concentration. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AgNPs on T47D and 4T1 cells were obtained at 12.10±0.08 𝜇g/mL and 98.77±1.27 𝜇g/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values of doxorubicin in T47D and 4T1 cells were 4.45±0.03 𝜇g/mL and 36.77±1.15 𝜇g/mL, respectively. Overall, the results revealed that the green-synthetized silver nanoparticle had cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells in comparison to doxorubicin.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69409800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1616846
Bhuvan Uthaiah Muruvanda, Akash Shanmugasundaram Prakash, K. Kalapriya, K. Sampath
Green chemistry, an emerging field of science, focuses on the prevention of waste and the use of hazardous substances. It also emphasizes the elimination or reduction of the use of harmful elements in various stages of the manufacturing process or a product development setting. The unpredictable climatic changes and the environmental hazards produced by the industries made the researcher’s attention in this arena. At present, industries make an effort to produce their products greener. As a consequence, several biotechnological and biological applications join hands with green chemistry, making the manufacturing process not only greener but also economical. Enzymes are the result of the combination of green chemistry and biotechnology. In the current scenario, there is a need for new versatile enzymes to develop sustainable and economically competitive production processes. The present article reviews the types of enzymes obtained from plants and microorganisms used in different industries and their vital role in the conservation of an eco-friendly environment.
{"title":"GREEN ENZYMES FROM PLANTS AND MICROBIAL SOURCES USED IN INDUSTRIES: AN OVERVIEW","authors":"Bhuvan Uthaiah Muruvanda, Akash Shanmugasundaram Prakash, K. Kalapriya, K. Sampath","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2023.1616846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1616846","url":null,"abstract":"Green chemistry, an emerging field of science, focuses on the prevention of waste and the use of hazardous substances. It also emphasizes the elimination or reduction of the use of harmful elements in various stages of the manufacturing process or a product development setting. The unpredictable climatic changes and the environmental hazards produced by the industries made the researcher’s attention in this arena. At present, industries make an effort to produce their products greener. As a consequence, several biotechnological and biological applications join hands with green chemistry, making the manufacturing process not only greener but also economical. Enzymes are the result of the combination of green chemistry and biotechnology. In the current scenario, there is a need for new versatile enzymes to develop sustainable and economically competitive production processes. The present article reviews the types of enzymes obtained from plants and microorganisms used in different industries and their vital role in the conservation of an eco-friendly environment.","PeriodicalId":21063,"journal":{"name":"Rasayan Journal of Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69410179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31788/rjc.2023.1628290
A.K. Alkhawaldeh, A. Al-Dhuraibi
Electrochemical reduction of the CO2 present in 0.1 M Ethanolamine (EA) aqueous solution at Palladium metal electrodes for the synthesis of ethyl carbamate (CH3CH2OC(O)NH2) is investigated. The application square wave potential regime of the carbon dioxide in (EA) to be reduced to an organic product. In addition to identifying optimal conditions for CO2 electrocatalysis reduction by the square wave potential regime, the potential value was between - 1.0 to 0.4 V with 1.4 V amplitude, the time of reaction was 4 hours and the frequency was 100 Hz. We have carried out reactions at various pH levels and different voltages in an alkaline environment to ensure optimal conditions for the production of ethyl carbamate. The palladium catalysts electrode has demonstrated high CO2 electro-reduction activity to the organic compound. The organic product was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, NMR, UV spectrometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, and MS. The results suggest the reduction of CO2-saturated in 0.1 M ethanolamine to ethyl carbamate, C2H5OCONH2. The Faradaic Efficiency and current density of electro-convert CO2-saturated in ethanolamine to ethyl carbamate are 93% and 71 mA cm−2, respectively
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