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A high-resolution 3D sediment-dynamics model of a morphologically complex mesotidal estuarine river system (New Zealand): Insights from model calibration and validation 形态复杂的潮间带河口系统(新西兰)的高分辨率三维沉积动力学模型:模型校准和验证的启示
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103901
Christo Rautenbach , Zhonghou Xu , Glen Reeve , Iain MacDonald , Richard Gorman , Andrew Swales
Land use change and the associated change in sediment runoff to the receiving environment is a topic of concern for estuarine and coastal governing agencies around the world. Fine sediments can enter the receiving environment and have a plethora of potential negative impacts (e.g., ecological, and recreational) and present no real opportunities or positive impacts. In the present study, a Delft3D numerical model is presented. The model has been calibrated considering water levels, currents, temperature, salinity, and Suspended Sediment Concentrations (SSC). Delft3D-Wave was also coupled to the hydrodynamic model to investigate the role of wave related fine sediment resuspension due to wave bed shear stresses. The extent of this model covered the Wairoa River and estuary, just south of Auckland, New Zealand. The motivation for this study was to produce a method that could link the upstream SSC contribution to the subsequent distribution in the receiving environment. From there it can readily be used as input to a regional scale model to investigate and understand the fate of sediments in the Hauraki Strait. As part of an ongoing research programme, the present study formed part of an extensive measurement campaign. Measurement instruments and results are presented alongside numerical model sensitivity analyses. The model performance is discussed, and the physical dynamics are described via extensive tables and summarising plots.
土地利用的变化以及与之相关的流入受纳环境的沉积物的变化,是世界各地河口和沿岸管理机构所关注的一个问题。细颗粒沉积物进入受纳环境后,会产生大量潜在的负面影响(如生态和娱乐影响),而且不会带来真正的机会或积极影响。本研究介绍了 Delft3D 数值模型。该模型已根据水位、水流、温度、盐度和悬浮物浓度(SSC)进行了校准。此外,还将 Delft3D-波浪模型与水动力模型相结合,以研究波床剪应力导致的与波浪有关的细沉积物再悬浮作用。该模型的范围涵盖新西兰奥克兰以南的怀罗亚河和河口。这项研究的动机是制定一种方法,将上游 SSC 的贡献与随后在受纳环境中的分布联系起来。在此基础上,它可随时作为区域尺度模型的输入,用于调查和了解豪拉基海峡沉积物的归宿。作为正在进行的研究计划的一部分,本研究是广泛测量活动的一部分。在介绍测量仪器和结果的同时,还进行了数值模型敏感性分析。对模型性能进行了讨论,并通过大量表格和总结图描述了物理动态。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of coral diseases in the shallow reefs of Aka-jima Marine Reserve (AMR), with a brief geographic perspective of disease occurrence throughout the larger Kerama-Shoto Marine National Park (KMNP), Okinawa, Japan 评估赤岛海洋保护区(AMR)浅海珊瑚礁的珊瑚疾病,并从地理角度简要介绍日本冲绳县儿玉浅滩海洋国家公园(KMNP)的疾病发生情况
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103904
Rocktim Ramen Das , Anthony Montgomery , Hiromu Miyagi , James Davis Reimer
This study reports on the observation of coral diseases within the shallow/intertidal water habitat of the Akajima Marine Reserve (AMR), located within the Keramashoto Marine National Park (KMNP) of Japan. Major coral genera and species assessed during the survey included Montipora spp., Porites spp., Isopora palifera, Acropora spp., as well as others. Observed diseases and health conditions included Black Band Disease (BBD) in Montipora as well as in Goniopora, Skeletal Growth Anomalies (GAs) in Acropora, Montipora, Porites, Isopora and Astreopora, Terpios hoshinota covering Acropora, Montipora and Seriatopora, as well as bleaching, discoloration, and other compromised health signs. This field study recorded the presence of GAs in the genus Leptastrea for the first time within the Japanese Archipelago. The novelty in this study is reporting unreported genera to be infested with certain disease conditions, further this study demonstrates how surveys in previously poorly studied areas or habitats can reveal important information pertaining to coral diseases, thus helping to fill existing knowledge gaps. Another important aspect of this study is, we provide a review of the distribution of coral diseases within the KMNP based on our results and previous reports. Being a rapid survey, the dynamics of these diseases were not assessed, while the major cause(s) of the diseases remains to be identified. In general, climate change-related aspects including rises in sea surface temperature, as well as other factors such as host density may be responsible for disease prevalences in the region.
{"title":"Assessment of coral diseases in the shallow reefs of Aka-jima Marine Reserve (AMR), with a brief geographic perspective of disease occurrence throughout the larger Kerama-Shoto Marine National Park (KMNP), Okinawa, Japan","authors":"Rocktim Ramen Das ,&nbsp;Anthony Montgomery ,&nbsp;Hiromu Miyagi ,&nbsp;James Davis Reimer","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports on the observation of coral diseases within the shallow/intertidal water habitat of the Akajima Marine Reserve (AMR), located within the Keramashoto Marine National Park (KMNP) of Japan. Major coral genera and species assessed during the survey included <em>Montipora</em> spp., <em>Porites</em> spp., <em>Isopora palifera</em>, <em>Acropora</em> spp., as well as others. Observed diseases and health conditions included Black Band Disease (BBD) in <em>Montipora</em> as well as in <em>Goniopora</em>, Skeletal Growth Anomalies (GAs) in <em>Acropora</em>, <em>Montipora</em>, <em>Porites</em>, <em>Isopora</em> and <em>Astreopora</em>, <em>Terpios hoshinota</em> covering <em>Acropora</em>, <em>Montipora</em> and <em>Seriatopora</em>, as well as bleaching, discoloration, and other compromised health signs. This field study recorded the presence of GAs in the genus <em>Leptastrea</em> for the first time within the Japanese Archipelago. The novelty in this study is reporting unreported genera to be infested with certain disease conditions, further this study demonstrates how surveys in previously poorly studied areas or habitats can reveal important information pertaining to coral diseases, thus helping to fill existing knowledge gaps. Another important aspect of this study is, we provide a review of the distribution of coral diseases within the KMNP based on our results and previous reports. Being a rapid survey, the dynamics of these diseases were not assessed, while the major cause(s) of the diseases remains to be identified. In general, climate change-related aspects including rises in sea surface temperature, as well as other factors such as host density may be responsible for disease prevalences in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wind-wave characteristics in the coastal area between Damietta and Port Said, Egypt 埃及达米埃塔和塞得港之间沿海地区的风浪特征
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103900
Osama H. El-Zeiny , Wael S. El-Tohamy , Shimaa M. Kteeba , Tarek M. El-Geziry
This study attempts to investigate the wind-wave characteristics in the region between Damietta and Port Said from 2011 to 2020 using the ERA5 data set for the considered area. Fourteen stations were used for data collection to represent the study area. The ERA5 data were compared with measured wave data from a directional wave buoy from February 1999 to February 2000. The following error statistics were obtained: bias = - 0.014 m and RMSE = 0.3 m. The ERA5 data were then used to create seasonal maps to simulate wind speed and direction, significant wave height (Hs), wave direction, and wave period. Results showed that the annual average Hs was 0.42 m, and the annual mean wind speed was 5.13 m/s. According to the Mann-Kendall test, the average Hs exhibited increasing trends of 0.0014 m/year and 0.0024 m/year with 70–80 % significance levels, respectively, in winter and autumn. In the spring, the Hs trend was 0.0013 m/year with an 80–90 % significance. During summer, this trend decreased to −0.00037 m/year, with a 70–80 % significance level. The average wind speed had increasing trends in winter, spring, and autumn of 0.009 m/s/year and 0.016 m/s/year with a 70–80 % level of significance and 0.0026 m/s/year with 80–90 % significance level, respectively. Meanwhile, the summer average wind speed showed a weak, insignificant trend of increase of as low as 0.0001 m/s/year. The study recommends using simulated wave characteristics to fill the gap in wave data along the Southeastern Mediterranean coast and using the southeast zone of the study area for economic activities.
{"title":"Wind-wave characteristics in the coastal area between Damietta and Port Said, Egypt","authors":"Osama H. El-Zeiny ,&nbsp;Wael S. El-Tohamy ,&nbsp;Shimaa M. Kteeba ,&nbsp;Tarek M. El-Geziry","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study attempts to investigate the wind-wave characteristics in the region between Damietta and Port Said from 2011 to 2020 using the ERA5 data set for the considered area. Fourteen stations were used for data collection to represent the study area. The ERA5 data were compared with measured wave data from a directional wave buoy from February 1999 to February 2000. The following error statistics were obtained: bias = - 0.014 m and RMSE = 0.3 m. The ERA5 data were then used to create seasonal maps to simulate wind speed and direction, significant wave height (Hs), wave direction, and wave period. Results showed that the annual average Hs was 0.42 m, and the annual mean wind speed was 5.13 m/s. According to the Mann-Kendall test, the average Hs exhibited increasing trends of 0.0014 m/year and 0.0024 m/year with 70–80 % significance levels, respectively, in winter and autumn. In the spring, the Hs trend was 0.0013 m/year with an 80–90 % significance. During summer, this trend decreased to −0.00037 m/year, with a 70–80 % significance level. The average wind speed had increasing trends in winter, spring, and autumn of 0.009 m/s/year and 0.016 m/s/year with a 70–80 % level of significance and 0.0026 m/s/year with 80–90 % significance level, respectively. Meanwhile, the summer average wind speed showed a weak, insignificant trend of increase of as low as 0.0001 m/s/year. The study recommends using simulated wave characteristics to fill the gap in wave data along the Southeastern Mediterranean coast and using the southeast zone of the study area for economic activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phytoplankton assemblage shifts from whale shark off-season to in-season in Donsol, Philippines influenced by temperature and nutrients 受温度和营养物质影响,菲律宾 Donsol 鲸鲨淡季和旺季浮游植物组合发生变化
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103898
Gianina Cassandra May B. Apego , Raphael M. Kudela , Aletta T. Yñiguez
Donsol, Sorsogon, Philippines experiences an annual aggregation of the whale sharks Rhincodon typus. This was anecdotally associated with high plankton prey, though the factors driving this are not understood. Here, we studied how phytoplankton and environmental conditions related to seasonal sightings of whale sharks in Donsol from 2017 to 2018. Sightings were categorized into “off-season” (September-November), and “in-season” (February-May). We collected and analyzed surface samples of phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters from twelve stations and used Hierarchical Modeling of Species Communities (HMSC) to discern potential associations of abiotic and biotic parameters. Environmental filtering largely structured the phytoplankton, with temperature and silicate as key variation predictors. Dinoflagellates emerged as off-season indicators, while diatoms represented in-season. The whale shark in-season was thus characterized by cooler temperatures, higher rainfall, high silicate concentrations, and an increase in diatom abundance and dominance. Riverine input may have supplied nutrients to the site favoring diatom growth.
菲律宾索索贡(Sorsogon)的东索尔(Donsol)每年都会出现鲸鲨聚集的现象。据说这与浮游生物猎物较多有关,但其驱动因素尚不清楚。在此,我们研究了浮游植物和环境条件与 2017 年至 2018 年期间在 Donsol 鲸鲨季节性目击的关系。目击事件分为 "淡季"(9-11 月)和 "旺季"(2-5 月)。我们收集并分析了 12 个站点的浮游植物表面样本和理化参数,并使用物种群落层次模型(HMSC)来识别非生物和生物参数的潜在关联。环境过滤在很大程度上决定了浮游植物的结构,其中温度和硅酸盐是关键的变化预测因子。甲藻是淡季指标,而硅藻则代表淡季。因此,鲸鲨淡季的特点是气温较低、降雨量较高、硅酸盐浓度较高、硅藻丰度和优势度增加。河流输入可能为该地点提供了有利于硅藻生长的营养物质。
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引用次数: 0
The giant kelp holdfasts macroinvertebrate assemblages: Towards benthic management and conservation using alpha and beta diversity in Northern Patagonia 巨型海藻固着物大型无脊椎动物群:利用巴塔哥尼亚北部的阿尔法和贝塔多样性实现底栖生物管理和保护
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103896
Ángela M. Baldrich , Camilo Rodríguez-Villegas , Alejandro H. Buschmann
The Inner Sea of Chiloé (ISC), northern Patagonia is a topographically and hydrographically heterogeneous area of critical interest to the Chilean blue economy due to the intensive artisanal benthic fisheries and aquaculture practices. Using benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from Macrocystis pyrifera holdfasts, this study exposes how environmental heterogeneity inside the ISC can also be expressed in biological terms. Four zones were considered in the ISC from north to south (Reloncaví, Chacao, Quinchao, and Quellón), with five sampling sites within them. The spatial variability of macroinvertebrate density, composition, species/taxa richness (S), Shannon´s diversity (H´), and overall beta diversity (βsor) in 200 kelp holdfasts (n =50 per zone) between zones and sites were analyzed. ANOVA results showed that the holdfast size, zones and sites within zones explained the variability of density, S and H´. Tukey HSD test also indicated significant (p < 0.01) differences between sampling zones and sites. Distribution patterns included: i) a latitudinal increase in density from the north to the centre of the ISC (max. of 67 ind 10 cm−2, Quinchao); ii) higher S values in the north (max. of 37, Reloncaví); iii) a latitudinal decrease in H´ (max. of 3.2, Reloncaví); iv) lower values for all the ecological attributes in the south (Quellón). Overall beta diversity analysis (βsor) showed high variability inside each zone, mainly driven by species turnover (βsim) rather than species nestedness (βsne). nMDs analysis suggested that the northern zones of ISC can be considered the same and differentiated from the others, but they are highly variable within them. PERMANOVA analysis showed that the macroinvertebrates' composition patterns were significantly (p < 0.01) explained by the holdfast size, and sampling sites/zones. SIMPER analysis revealed the contribution of annelids, arthropods, and molluscs to dissimilarities between zones. The results highlighted the biological heterogeneity of the ISC, suggesting that site-specific environmental conditions affect M. pyrifera populations and, therefore, macroinvertebrates inhabiting their holdfasts. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the ecological complexity of the region, providing a baseline for future studies on the status and composition of benthic communities, and therefore their management and conservation.
{"title":"The giant kelp holdfasts macroinvertebrate assemblages: Towards benthic management and conservation using alpha and beta diversity in Northern Patagonia","authors":"Ángela M. Baldrich ,&nbsp;Camilo Rodríguez-Villegas ,&nbsp;Alejandro H. Buschmann","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Inner Sea of Chiloé (ISC), northern Patagonia is a topographically and hydrographically heterogeneous area of critical interest to the Chilean blue economy due to the intensive artisanal benthic fisheries and aquaculture practices. Using benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from <em>Macrocystis pyrifera</em> holdfasts, this study exposes how environmental heterogeneity inside the ISC can also be expressed in biological terms. Four zones were considered in the ISC from north to south (Reloncaví, Chacao, Quinchao, and Quellón), with five sampling sites within them. The spatial variability of macroinvertebrate density, composition, species/taxa richness (S), Shannon´s diversity (H´), and overall beta diversity (β<sub>sor</sub>) in 200 kelp holdfasts (<em>n</em> =50 per zone) between zones and sites were analyzed. ANOVA results showed that the holdfast size, zones and sites within zones explained the variability of density, S and H´. Tukey HSD test also indicated significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) differences between sampling zones and sites. Distribution patterns included: i) a latitudinal increase in density from the north to the centre of the ISC (max. of 67 ind 10 cm<sup>−2</sup>, Quinchao); ii) higher S values in the north (max. of 37, Reloncaví); iii) a latitudinal decrease in H´ (max. of 3.2, Reloncaví); iv) lower values for all the ecological attributes in the south (Quellón). Overall beta diversity analysis (β<sub>sor</sub>) showed high variability inside each zone, mainly driven by species turnover (β<sub>sim</sub>) rather than species nestedness (β<sub>sne</sub>). nMDs analysis suggested that the northern zones of ISC can be considered the same and differentiated from the others, but they are highly variable within them. PERMANOVA analysis showed that the macroinvertebrates' composition patterns were significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) explained by the holdfast size, and sampling sites/zones. SIMPER analysis revealed the contribution of annelids, arthropods, and molluscs to dissimilarities between zones. The results highlighted the biological heterogeneity of the ISC, suggesting that site-specific environmental conditions affect <em>M. pyrifera</em> populations and, therefore, macroinvertebrates inhabiting their holdfasts. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the ecological complexity of the region, providing a baseline for future studies on the status and composition of benthic communities, and therefore their management and conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suva Urban Reefs: An ecological history of the coral reefs of the Greater Suva Urban Area, Fiji 苏瓦城市珊瑚礁:斐济大苏瓦市区珊瑚礁的生态历史
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103894
Jasha Dehm , Awnesh Singh , Romain Le Gendre , Christophe Menkes
This study synthesizes various research initiatives conducted within the coral reef systems of the Greater Suva Urban Area (GSUA), Fiji, with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of the state of knowledge at these urban reef systems. The literature suggests that climate change, pollution, ocean creep and resource exploitation, have been changing coral growth, zonation, and community structure, substantially changing the reefs since the 1960s. However, a detailed synthesis of temporal changes on coral reef drivers and ecological responses for the GSUA is still missing. This review addresses these gaps by analyzing trends in both current ecological and anthropogenic drivers and proposing a framework for future research. Key recommendations include the need for systematic studies across all reef systems, mapping ecological and human-driven factors, and developing a strategic, sustainable monitoring framework. Such actions are aimed at enhancing research capacity and mitigating the persistent impacts of urban development and climate change on the reefs. These insights contribute to a nuanced understanding of the delicate balance between urbanization and coral reef health, crucial for fostering sustainable marine ecosystems in the GSUA, with potential application to other reefs in the Pacific Ocean and beyond.
本研究综合了在斐济大苏瓦市区(GSUA)珊瑚礁系统内开展的各种研究活动,旨在全面了解这些城市珊瑚礁系统的知识状况。文献表明,自 20 世纪 60 年代以来,气候变化、污染、海洋蠕变和资源开发一直在改变珊瑚的生长、分区和群落结构,使珊瑚礁发生了重大变化。然而,目前仍缺乏对全球海洋观测系统区域珊瑚礁驱动因素和生态响应的时间变化的详细综述。本综述通过分析当前生态和人为驱动因素的趋势,并提出未来研究的框架,弥补了这些空白。主要建议包括需要对所有珊瑚礁系统进行系统研究,绘制生态和人为因素图,以及制定战略性、可持续的监测框架。这些行动旨在提高研究能力,减轻城市发展和气候变化对珊瑚礁的持续影响。这些见解有助于深入理解城市化与珊瑚礁健康之间的微妙平衡,这对促进海参崴地区海洋生态系统的可持续发展至关重要,并有可能应用于太平洋及其他地区的其他珊瑚礁。
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引用次数: 0
Local freshwater fluxes determine salinity variations of the Bohai Sea: Based on 60 years of observations 当地淡水通量决定了渤海盐度的变化:基于 60 年的观测
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103899
Fengying Ji , Xuejun Xiong , Jinkun Yang , Yulong Liu , Luyao Han , Mingmei Dong , Shanshan Xu
Salinity, a fundamental characteristic of seawater, significantly influences the ocean's physicochemical properties and directly affects marine biodiversity and its spatial distribution. The semi-enclosed Bohai Sea is home to diverse marine organisms and serves as a critical area for human mariculture. Salinity variations in this region are crucial for the stability of the ecosystem and the sustainability of the marine economy. However, significant discrepancies have been observed between the practical salinity measurements of the Bohai Sea in winter 2007 and that recorded in widely used national and international marine atlases prior to 2000. To identify these discrepancies, this study systematically investigates the salinity variations and the regulatory mechanisms in the Bohai Sea. First, we constructed a climatological salinity dataset with a broader temporal scope based on in-situ salinity data from 1960 to 2020, confirming that the climatological salinity field of the Bohai Sea did not undergo a significant shift, but exhibited phase changes. Subsequently, using the principles of conservation of mass and salinity, we developed a box model to analyze annual salinity changes in the Bohai Sea. This model was optimized using in-situ hydrological measurements and reanalysis data spanning over 60 years, successfully revealing the central regulatory role of local freshwater fluxes in annual salinity changes in the Bohai Sea. Furthermore, we elucidated that the anomalously high salinity in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2007 resulted from the cumulative effect of several consecutive years of negative freshwater fluxes. The results of this study not only enhance our understanding and prediction of salinity changes in semi-enclosed seas, providing a scientific basis for ecosystem protection and management, but also offer valuable insights for studying long-term salinity changes in other semi-enclosed seas.
盐度是海水的基本特征之一,对海洋的物理化学特性有重大影响,并直接影响海洋生物多样性及其空间分布。半封闭的渤海是多种海洋生物的家园,也是人类海产养殖的重要区域。该地区的盐度变化对生态系统的稳定性和海洋经济的可持续性至关重要。然而,2007 年冬季渤海的实际盐度测量结果与 2000 年以前广泛使用的国家和国际海洋地图集所记录的结果之间存在明显差异。为了找出这些差异,本研究系统地调查了渤海的盐度变化和调节机制。首先,我们基于 1960-2020 年的原位盐度数据,构建了一个时间范围更广的气候盐度数据集,证实了渤海的气候盐度场并未发生显著的位移,而是呈现出阶段性的变化。随后,利用质量守恒和盐度守恒原理,我们建立了一个盒式模型来分析渤海盐度的年度变化。利用 60 多年的现场水文测量数据和再分析数据对该模型进行了优化,成功揭示了当地淡水通量在渤海盐度年变化中的核心调节作用。此外,我们还阐明了 2007 年冬季渤海盐度异常偏高的原因是连续几年淡水负通量的累积效应。这项研究的结果不仅加深了我们对半封闭海盐度变化的理解和预测,为生态系统的保护和管理提供了科学依据,而且为研究其他半封闭海的长期盐度变化提供了宝贵的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution and air-sea fluxes of CO2 in coral reefs in the Greater Bay Area, China 中国粤港澳大湾区珊瑚礁中二氧化碳的分布与海气通量
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103895
Hongqiang Yan , Shichen Tao , Lijia Xu , Qi Shi , Yongzhi Wang , Meixia Zhao , Shengnan Zhou , Xiaoju Liu
From May to June 2021, the sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes around six coral reefs in the Great Bay Area (contain Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and Daya Bay) were investigated respectively. The distribution of seawater pCO2 around different coral reefs were quite different. The seawater pCO2 of the coral reef region of Daya Bay is relatively high, ranging from 268 to 496 µatm. In contrast, the pCO2 levels in the coral reef area of the PRE are significantly lower, with measurements ranging from 84 to 374 µatm. Further analysis showed that the distribution of seawater pCO2 around the coral reefs of the PRE were mainly affected by biological metabolism and seawater mixing, while those in Daya Bay were mainly controlled by temperature and seawater mixing. During the survey, the three coral reefs in the PRE were affected by algal blooms showing strong sinks of atmospheric CO2 ranging from −12.3 to −19.2 mmol CO2 m−2 d−1. However, the difference between the seawater pCO2 and atmospheric pCO2 in the three coral reefs of Daya Bay were all very small, and they were weak sources or sinks of atmospheric CO2, respectively.
2021年5月至6月,分别对大湾区(含珠江口和大亚湾)6个珊瑚礁周围的海水二氧化碳分压(pCO2)和海气二氧化碳通量进行了研究。不同珊瑚礁周围海水 pCO2 的分布差异较大。大亚湾珊瑚礁区的海水 pCO2 水平相对较高,在 268 至 496 µatm 之间。相比之下,PRE 珊瑚礁区域的 pCO2 水平明显较低,测量值介于 84 至 374 微立方米之间。进一步分析表明,珠江口地区珊瑚礁周围海水 pCO2 的分布主要受生物新陈代谢和海水混合的影响,而大亚湾的海水 pCO2 主要受温度和海水混合的控制。在调查期间,珠江口地区的三个珊瑚礁受到藻类大量繁殖的影响,显示出对大气二氧化碳的强烈吸收,吸收范围为-12.3 至 -19.2 mmol CO2 m-2 d-1。然而,大亚湾三个珊瑚礁的海水 pCO2 与大气 pCO2 的差异都非常小,它们分别是大气 CO2 的弱源或弱汇。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental monitoring of phthalic acid esters in northwest Persian Gulf estuary: Concentrations, distribution, and risk assessment 波斯湾西北部河口邻苯二甲酸酯的环境监测:浓度、分布和风险评估
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103897
Nabi Salehzadeh , Kamal Ghanemi , Yadollah Nikpour , Hossein Pasha-Zanoosi
The present study investigates the concentration level, distribution, and risk assessment of six high-priority phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawaters and sediments of the Musa estuary, northwest of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Additionally, the industrial and urban effluents terminating in this estuary were also analyzed. The overall variations of Σ6PAEs were 10.65–164.80 µg/L in seawaters, 0.53–26.18 µg/g in sediments, and 181.09–764.57 µg/L in effluent samples. Di–n–butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di(2–ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), together accounted for 57.2 %–99.5 % and 59 %–100 % of the Σ6PAEs concentrations in seawaters and sediments, respectively. A relatively similar trend was also detected in the effluent waters. While industrial runoffs exhibited greater shares and concentrations compared to urban areas, the levels of PAEs were higher in waters and sediments near urban regions due to restricted water circulation. A significant correlation was found (r = 0.8385) between Σ6PAEs in seawater and sediment. Given its consistent detection frequency of 100 % across all stations, DEHP can be served as a reliable indicator for PAE contamination. In nearly all stations, the pollution levels of DnBP and DEHP exceeded the environmental risk level (ERL). The ecological risk quotient (RQ) for at least two PAEs appeared at medium to high levels in both seawaters and sediments. Establishing baseline data on PAEs in the Musa estuary will guide future strategies for pollutant control across the Persian Gulf network.
本研究调查了伊朗波斯湾西北部穆萨河口海水和沉积物中六种高优先级邻苯二甲酸酯 (PAE) 的浓度水平、分布情况和风险评估。此外,还对汇入该河口的工业和城市污水进行了分析。海水中 Σ6PAEs 的总体变化为 10.65-164.80 µg/L,沉积物中为 0.53-26.18 µg/g,污水样本中为 181.09-764.57 µg/L。邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯 (DnBP) 和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯 (DEHP) 分别占海水和沉积物中 Σ6PAEs 浓度的 57.2%-99.5% 和 59%-100%。在污水中也发现了相对类似的趋势。与城市地区相比,工业径流表现出更大的份额和浓度,但由于水循环受限,城市地区附近水域和沉积物中的 PAEs 含量更高。研究发现,海水和沉积物中的Σ6PAEs 之间存在明显的相关性(r = 0.8385)。鉴于 DEHP 在所有监测站的检出率均为 100%,因此可作为 PAE 污染的可靠指标。几乎所有站点的 DnBP 和 DEHP 污染水平都超过了环境风险水平(ERL)。在海水和沉积物中,至少有两种 PAE 的生态风险商数(RQ)处于中等到较高水平。建立穆萨河口 PAEs 的基线数据将为今后波斯湾网络的污染物控制战略提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Data-driven optimization of coastal sea level monitoring: Leveraging known patterns for enhanced reconstruction 数据驱动的沿海海平面监测优化:利用已知模式加强重建
IF 2.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103878
Elif Kartal, Abdüsselam Altunkaynak, Anıl Çelik
Efficiently configuring sea level monitoring stations is crucial for obtaining accurate spatiotemporal data while managing operational and maintenance costs and addressing the challenges posed by missing data. This study focuses on optimizing the selection of stations within Turkey's coastal sea level monitoring network by leveraging the inherent lower dimensionality in data. The network consists of 18 stations distributed along Turkey's coastline. To identify dominant patterns in historical sea level data, Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis was employed, followed by the application of the QR decomposition with column pivoting algorithm. Model performance is assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (CE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Remarkably, the results demonstrated that reconstructing the entire dataset, encompassing all 18 stations was possible with a CE of 0.94 and an RMSE of 0.06. Even utilizing data from two or three stations alone achieves acceptable reconstruction accuracy. The effectiveness of EOF analysis combined with QR with column pivoting algorithm suggests promising applications in various scientific fields.
有效配置海平面监测站点对于获取准确的时空数据、管理运行和维护成本以及应对数据缺失带来的挑战至关重要。本研究的重点是利用数据固有的低维度特性,优化土耳其沿海海平面监测网络中站点的选择。该网络由分布在土耳其海岸线上的 18 个站点组成。为识别历史海平面数据中的主要模式,采用了经验正交函数(EOF)分析,然后应用 QR 分解和列透视算法。使用纳什-苏特克利夫效率系数(CE)和均方根误差(RMSE)评估模型性能。结果表明,重建包括所有 18 个站点在内的整个数据集的效率系数为 0.94,均方根误差为 0.06。即使仅利用两三个站点的数据也能达到可接受的重建精度。EOF 分析与 QR 以及柱枢轴算法相结合的有效性表明,在各个科学领域的应用前景广阔。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Regional Studies in Marine Science
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