Regional Studies in Marine Science最新文献_第5页

Detecting marine pollution made simple with YOLOv12: A multi-class approach for real-time debris recognition YOLOv12使海洋污染检测变得简单：实时碎片识别的多类别方法

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104801

Yang Li , Li Guangxue , Feng Xiuli

Marine litter has become a serious environmental issue, posing significant threats to wildlife, food security, marine industries, human health, and the ecosystem at large. To curb marine litter pollution, detection and monitoring should be done as early as possible. Nonetheless, the existing methods that use people or sensors are not reliable, effective, or precise enough to manage a vast range of marine environments. This research introduces a new method for real-time identification of marine debris using an advanced deep learning computer vision algorithm called YOLOv12, which can detect and place objects in images or video streams with high speed and accuracy. We have a dataset of fifteen different forms of marine debris common in water resources, created using aerial and underwater images. The method increases the capacity of the method to deal with the complexity of the ocean environment and its diversity by introducing custom image processing layers that interpret visual data across various scales- allowing both large debris and small fragments to be detected at the same time. According to the experimental findings, YOLOv12 works well in adverse circumstances, including those with shadows, occlusions, small items, and a large number of overlapping debris, and shows high detection rates: 83.54 % precision on a standard detection threshold and 70.25 % precision across different thresholds (a good result with respect to the performance under varying levels of confidence). The tests based on quantitative and qualitative methods prove that the method can be used in real-life scenarios, autonomous systems, such as underwater robots and uncrewed aerial vehicles. To support efforts to combat marine litter pollution, preserve natural resources, and ensure the sustainable existence of the marine environment in the long term, this paper proposes an exact and cost-effective approach to monitoring marine litter. This study is suitable for detection and monitoring applications; the current model cannot reliably distinguish between debris and entangled marine organisms, making it unsafe for autonomous cleanup robots until organism-protection safeguards are implemented. Human verification remains essential for all physical intervention decisions.

海洋垃圾已经成为一个严重的环境问题，对野生动物、粮食安全、海洋产业、人类健康和整个生态系统构成重大威胁。为了遏制海洋垃圾污染，应尽早进行检测和监测。然而，现有的用人或传感器的方法并不可靠、有效，也不够精确，无法管理大范围的海洋环境。本研究介绍了一种利用先进的深度学习计算机视觉算法YOLOv12实时识别海洋垃圾的新方法，该算法可以高速准确地在图像或视频流中检测和放置物体。我们有一个数据集，包括水资源中常见的15种不同形式的海洋垃圾，这些垃圾是用航空和水下图像创建的。该方法通过引入自定义图像处理层来解释不同尺度的视觉数据，从而增加了该方法处理海洋环境复杂性及其多样性的能力——允许同时检测大碎片和小碎片。实验结果表明，YOLOv12在阴影、遮挡、小物品和大量重叠碎片等不利环境下都能很好地工作，并且显示出很高的检测率：在标准检测阈值上的精度为83.54 %，在不同阈值上的精度为70.25 %（相对于不同置信度下的性能而言，这是一个很好的结果）。基于定量和定性方法的测试证明，该方法可用于现实场景，自主系统，如水下机器人和无人驾驶飞行器。为了支持打击海洋垃圾污染、保护自然资源和确保海洋环境的长期可持续存在的努力，本文提出了一种精确和具有成本效益的监测海洋垃圾的方法。本研究适用于检测和监测应用；目前的模型不能可靠地区分碎片和纠缠的海洋生物，在实施生物保护措施之前，自动清理机器人是不安全的。人为验证对于所有物理干预决策仍然至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Occurrence, seasonal dynamics, and environmental drivers of bisphenol A along the freshwater-marine continuum in Northern Vietnam 越南北部淡水-海洋连续体双酚A的发生、季节动态和环境驱动因素

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104838

Thi Thu Trang Nguyen , Duc Long Huynh , Xuan Thanh Thao Le , Thi Yen Pham , Van Manh Do

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) commonly detected in aquatic environments, particularly in estuarine and marine systems influenced by anthropogenic activities. This study evaluated the occurrence, seasonal distribution, and key environmental drivers of BPA along the freshwater-marine continuum in Northern Vietnam, encompassing freshwater, brackish, and marine waters. Water samples were collected at 46 locations in both the wet and dry seasons. The results showed that BPA concentrations were generally higher in brackish and marine waters than in freshwater, with elevated levels observed during the wet season, likely due to enhanced upstream transport toward coastal and marine areas. BPA concentrations in seawater exhibited significant correlations (p < 0.05), particularly during the wet season, with salinity and electrical conductivity (EC). In contrast, correlations with total suspended solids (TSS) and dissolved oxygen (DO) were mainly observed during the wet season. Ecological risk assessment based on the risk quotient (RQ) shows that RQ < 1 in all areas, indicating low to very low ecological risk levels. However, BPA tends to accumulate locally in urban and industrial areas, potentially posing ecological risks. The research results contribute to clarifying the seasonal distribution mechanism and provide scientific data for managing EDC pollution in freshwater-marine systems in Northern Vietnam.

双酚A （BPA）是水生环境中常见的内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）之一，特别是在受人为活动影响的河口和海洋系统中。本研究评估了越南北部淡水-海洋连续体（包括淡水、咸淡水和海水）中BPA的发生、季节分布和主要环境驱动因素。在旱季和雨季，在46个地点采集了水样。结果表明，在咸淡水和海水中的BPA浓度普遍高于淡水，在雨季观察到的水平升高，可能是由于上游向沿海和海洋地区的运输增强。海水中BPA浓度与盐度和电导率（EC）呈显著相关（p <； 0.05），特别是在雨季。与总悬浮物（TSS）和溶解氧（DO）的相关性主要表现在雨季。基于风险商（RQ）的生态风险评价结果显示，各区域的RQ <； 为1，表示低至极低的生态风险水平。然而，双酚a往往在城市和工业地区积聚，可能造成生态风险。研究结果有助于阐明越南北部淡水-海洋系统中EDC污染的季节性分布机制，并为管理EDC污染提供科学数据。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of marine mammals in the southern Sea of Okhotsk around Hokkaido, Japan 日本北海道鄂霍次克海南部海洋哺乳动物时空分布格局

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104853

Shiho Furumaki , Heping Li , Momoka Suzuki , Yoko Mitani

Conserving biodiversity and ecosystems require continuous monitoring to ensure effectiveness, and marine mammals serve as effective biodiversity indicators. The southern Sea of Okhotsk around Japan are waters with high biodiversity and conservation importance. Determining the comprehensive spatial-temporal distribution of marine mammals can be used as a baseline to identify critical habitats. This study aimed to reveal the spatial-temporal distribution patterns of marine mammals using a ship-based sighting survey and species distribution models. Between spring and fall, three baleen whale species, six toothed whale species, and one pinniped species were identified. Baleen whales, killer whales, and Dall’s porpoises appeared primarily in spring, followed by sperm whales appeared in summer, and Pacific white-sided dolphins appeared in fall. Maximum entropy models were developed for six species, revealing heterogeneous spatial patterns. Fin and minke whales were concentrated on the western side of the Shiretoko Peninsula. Sperm and killer whales were distributed on both sides in deep and steep slope waters. Dall’s porpoise occurs more frequently in deeper waters and Pacific white-sided dolphins in shallow waters, with both species being distributed across the study area. By combining ship-based sighting surveys with species distribution models, it was possible to evaluate spatial distributions, including unobserved areas on the western side of the Peninsula. Different species occupy distinct marine regions, highlighting that not only the waters around the Shiretoko Peninsula, a World Natural Heritage Site extending 3 km offshore around the Shiretoko Peninsula, but also the surrounding waters are crucial for marine mammals.

保护生物多样性和生态系统需要持续监测以确保有效性，海洋哺乳动物是有效的生物多样性指标。围绕日本的鄂霍次克海南部是具有高度生物多样性和保护重要性的水域。确定海洋哺乳动物的综合时空分布可以作为确定关键栖息地的基线。本研究旨在利用船舶观测和物种分布模型揭示海洋哺乳动物的时空分布格局。在春季和秋季之间，发现了三种须鲸，六种齿鲸和一种鳍状鲸。须鲸、虎鲸和海豚主要在春季出现，其次是抹香鲸在夏季出现，太平洋白边海豚在秋季出现。建立了6个物种的最大熵模型，揭示了不同物种间的空间分布格局。长须鲸和小须鲸集中在七子半岛的西侧。抹香鲸和虎鲸在深陡水域两侧分布。海豚更常出现在较深的水域，太平洋白边海豚更常出现在浅水区，这两个物种都分布在研究区域。通过将船舶观测调查与物种分布模型相结合，可以评估包括半岛西侧未观测区域在内的空间分布。不同的物种占据着不同的海洋区域，这不仅突出了七子半岛周围的水域，这是一个世界自然遗产，在七子半岛周围延伸3 公里，而且周围的水域对海洋哺乳动物至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of beach seining on macroalgae biomass and biodiversity on the central coast of Ghana before and after closed season 封季前后围网对加纳中部海岸大型藻类生物量和生物多样性的影响

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104849

Paul Kojo Mensah , Margaret Fafa Awushie Akwetey , Naomi Aku Agboli , Gertrude Tibu

Beach seining is a common artisanal fishing practice among coastal inhabitants in Ghana, providing livelihood for numerous households. Despite its economic benefits, the small mesh sizes of nets catch almost everything within their scope, while dragging nets across the nearshore seabed ensures that both target and non-target organisms are caught. This study aimed to investigate the impact of beach seining on macroalgae biomass and diversity at two beaches along the central coast of Ghana before and after closed season. The study was conducted at OLA and Sisimbo Beaches in the Central Region of Ghana. Taking advantage of the statutory one-month national fishing closed season in July 2022, six replicate quadrat samples were collected monthly from each beach from April to June, which represents the time before the closed season, and from August to October, which represents after the closed season. Macroalgae were sampled from beach seine discards using a 50 cm × 50 cm quadrat placed over the fish landing area. Discarded materials primarily consisted of seaweed, marine debris (mainly plastic) and sediment. The macroalgae were retrieved from the quadrat samples, identified, and oven-dried at a temperature of 80°C until a constant weight was attained for biomass determination. Biomass estimation as dry weight per square metre in grams (g dwt/m²) and percentage, and species diversity indices analyses were performed. Higher amounts of macroalgae biomass were observed before the closed season compared to after, while there were no significant differences between before and after the closed season diversity indices at both beaches. However, mass removal of macroalgae has implications for the fisheries and ecology of nearshore ecosystems as well as the socioeconomic activities of coastal communities. This is the first report on the impact of a closed season for beach seining on macroalgae anywhere in the world.

海滩围网是加纳沿海居民中常见的手工捕鱼方式，为许多家庭提供生计。尽管具有经济效益，但网目尺寸小的渔网几乎可以捕获其范围内的所有生物，而在近岸海床上拖网则可以确保捕获目标生物和非目标生物。本研究旨在调查海滩围网对加纳中部海岸两个海滩关闭季节前后大型藻类生物量和多样性的影响。这项研究是在加纳中部地区的OLA和Sisimbo海滩进行的。利用2022年7月法定的为期一个月的国家渔业休渔期，从4月至6月（代表休渔期前的时间）和8月至10月（代表休渔期后的时间）在每个海滩每月收集6个重复样方样本。利用放置在鱼类登陆区上方的50 cm × 50 cm样方，从海滩围网丢弃物中取样大型藻类。被丢弃的材料主要包括海藻、海洋垃圾（主要是塑料）和沉积物。从样方样品中取出大型藻类，进行鉴定，并在80°C的温度下进行烘箱干燥，直到获得恒定重量以进行生物量测定。以每平方米干重（g dwt/m2）和百分比估算生物量，并进行物种多样性指数分析。封禁季前的大藻生物量高于封禁季后，而封禁季前和封禁季后的大藻多样性指数差异不显著。然而，大规模清除巨藻会对近岸生态系统的渔业和生态以及沿海社区的社会经济活动产生影响。这是世界上第一份关于海滩围网封闭季节对大型藻类影响的报告。

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引用次数: 0

Antibiotic contamination in Nigeria: Occurrence, impacts, and sustainable wastewater management solutions 尼日利亚的抗生素污染：发生、影响和可持续废水管理解决方案

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104842

Ebenezer Oluwabusuyi Fakorede , Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade , James Rotimi Adewumi , Joshua O. Ighalo

The increasing occurrence of antibiotics in aquatic environments poses significant environmental and public health challenges worldwide, with developing countries such as Nigeria being particularly vulnerable due to unregulated usage and inadequate wastewater treatment. This review systematically examines the occurrence, concentrations, and removal of antibiotics in wastewater globally, with a focus on Nigeria. Analysis of reported data reveals that antibiotics commonly used in human and veterinary medicine such as sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim, and tetracyclines - persist across wastewater, surface water, and groundwater, often at concentrations sufficient to promote the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and genes (ARGs). Comparisons indicate that Nigeria’s aquatic environments frequently exhibit higher concentrations than many other countries, reflecting widespread misuse, limited wastewater treatment coverage, and ineffective environmental regulation. This pattern suggests a systematic risk of human and ecological exposure, particularly via drinking water, irrigation, and fisheries. The review further evaluates removal technologies, including advanced membrane processes (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, membrane bioreactors) and low-cost, locally adaptable approaches (sequencing batch reactors, adsorption systems, constructed wetlands, and electrochemical oxidation). While high-efficiency membranes achieve > 90 % removal, low-energy systems are more feasible in Nigeria due to lower operational costs, simpler maintenance, and compatibility with tropical climates and indigenous resources. These findings underscore the urgent need for coordinated action among government regulators, wastewater treatment plant operators, researchers, public health authorities, and agricultural stakeholders to establish monitoring programs, enforce regulatory limits, and implement context-appropriate treatment technologies. Such integrated collaboration is essential to mitigate antibiotic pollution, curb antimicrobial resistance, and protect both human health and aquatic ecosystems in Nigeria.

水生环境中抗生素的使用日益增多，给全世界带来了重大的环境和公共卫生挑战，尼日利亚等发展中国家由于不受管制的使用和不适当的废水处理而特别脆弱。本综述系统地审查了全球废水中抗生素的发生、浓度和去除情况，重点是尼日利亚。对报告数据的分析表明，人类和兽药中常用的抗生素，如磺胺甲恶唑、克林霉素、阿奇霉素、环丙沙星、甲氧苄啶和四环素，在废水、地表水和地下水中持续存在，其浓度往往足以促进耐抗生素细菌（ARB）和基因（ARGs）的出现和传播。比较表明，尼日利亚的水生环境往往比许多其他国家的浓度更高，这反映了普遍的滥用、有限的废水处理覆盖面和无效的环境监管。这一模式表明人类和生态暴露的系统性风险，特别是通过饮用水、灌溉和渔业。该综述进一步评价了去除技术，包括先进的膜处理（反渗透、纳滤、膜生物反应器）和低成本、局部适应的方法（顺序批式反应器、吸附系统、人工湿地和电化学氧化）。虽然高效膜的去除率达到>； 90 %，但由于操作成本较低，维护简单，并且与热带气候和当地资源兼容，低能耗系统在尼日利亚更可行。这些发现强调了政府监管机构、污水处理厂运营商、研究人员、公共卫生当局和农业利益相关者之间协调行动的迫切需要，以建立监测计划，执行监管限制，并实施适合具体情况的处理技术。这种综合合作对于尼日利亚减轻抗生素污染、遏制抗菌素耐药性以及保护人类健康和水生生态系统至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic control on the transport of volume, suspended particulate matter, and salt in an Amazonian macrotidal estuary 亚马逊大潮汐河口中体积、悬浮颗粒物和盐运移的水动力控制

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104798

Vinicius Henrique Maciel dos Santos , Francisco José da Silva Dias , Audalio Rebelo Torrres Júnior , Pedro Walfir Martins e Souza Filho

In large-scale macrotidal estuaries, comprehensive studies that quantify the transport of volume (water discharge), sediment, and salt across different spatial and temporal scales are still scarce. This study investigated the seasonal variability in the transport of volume, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and salt within the São Marcos Estuarine Complex (SMEC), a macrotidal estuary situated in the Amazon coast. Surveys were conducted during the dry and rainy seasons, during spring and neap tides, in cross sections in the upper (UE), middle (ME), and lower (LE) sectors of the estuary. The results indicate that volume transport depends mainly on the tide and increases downstream due to channel morphology. SPM transport was linked to particle resuspension and was more pronounced during the dry season. In the ME, this transport stands out for its turbidity maximum zone and funnel-shaped morphology, which leads to retention. Seasonal salt transport was dominated by Stokes drift, being directed upstream during the dry season and downstream during the rainy season. Salt intrusion intensifies in the dry season because river discharge is substantially lower than in the rainy season. In the SMEC, the tide is the primary driver of the transport of volume, SPM, and salt, while river discharge sets the seasonal contrast, and morphology organizes the retention and export zones. These findings provide new insights for management and planning in high-energy systems.

在大尺度大潮汐河口，量化不同时空尺度的体积（水排放）、泥沙和盐输运的综合研究仍然很少。本文研究了位于亚马逊河沿岸的大潮汐河口奥马科斯河口复合体（SMEC）内体积、悬浮颗粒物（SPM）和盐分运输的季节变化。在干季和雨季、春潮和小潮期间，分别在河口上游（UE）、中部（ME）和下游（LE）断面进行了调查。结果表明，体积输运主要取决于潮汐，而下游则受河道形态的影响而增加。SPM输运与颗粒再悬浮有关，在旱季更为明显。在ME中，这种运输以其浊度最大带和漏斗状形态而突出，这导致了滞留。季节性盐运移以Stokes漂移为主，旱季为上游，雨季为下游。在旱季，由于河流流量大大低于雨季，盐入侵加剧。在SMEC中，潮汐是体积、SPM和盐分运输的主要驱动因素，而河流流量设置了季节对比，形态组织了保留区和输出区。这些发现为高能系统的管理和规划提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial distribution of phytoplankton communities and their relationship with environmental factors during spring in distinct water masses of the East Sea, Korea 东海不同水体春季浮游植物群落空间分布及其与环境因子的关系

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104872

Seung Ho Baek , Chung Hyeon Lee , Yun-Bae Kim , Chang Hwan Kim , Bora Lee

Phytoplankton dynamics in the East Sea during spring are strongly regulated by physical and biogeochemical processes, including water-column stratification, nutrient availability, and regional circulation. Based on four field surveys conducted from 2021 to 2024, this study examined how variations in water-column stability and circulation, particularly the East Korea Warm Current (EKWC) and wind-induced mixing, shape the vertical and horizontal distribution of phytoplankton. Surface waters (0–20 m) were consistently depleted in nitrate+nitrite (0.41 ± 0.47 μM), while deeper layers (50–100 m) maintained elevated concentrations (5.97 ± 3.37 μM), supporting the formation of a subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) around 30–50 m. Temperature profiles ranged from 11 to 18°C in April to 16–21°C in May, reflecting seasonal stratification that intensified toward late spring. Correlation analyses revealed that nano-sized phytoplankton were negatively associated with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), whereas key diatoms taxa such as Chaetoceros socailis and Thalassiosira decipiens showed significant relationships with dissolved oxygen and nutrient conditions. Community structure shifted from chain-forming diatoms during cooler, mixed conditions in April toward higher contributions of small phytoplankton under stronger stratification in May. Despite these seasonal changes, diatoms consistently accounted for 70–80 % of total abundance across years, indicating their resilience and central role in spring production. These findings demonstrate that the interplay between stratification, nutrient distribution, and circulation governs the spatial organization of spring phytoplankton communities in the East Sea, providing a basis for understanding the region’s high biological productivity.

东海浮游植物春季动态受水体分层、养分有效性和区域环流等物理和生物地球化学过程的强烈调控。基于从2021年到2024年进行的四次实地调查，本研究考察了水柱稳定性和环流的变化，特别是朝鲜暖流（EKWC）和风致混合，如何影响浮游植物的垂直和水平分布。地表水(0-20 m)都耗尽在硝酸+亚硝酸盐(0.41 ±0.47  μm),而更深层(50 - 100 米)保持浓度升高(5.97 ±3.37  μm),支持最大地下叶绿素的形成(SCM)约30 - 50 m。4月气温分布在11 ~ 18℃，5月气温分布在16 ~ 21℃，反映出晚春季节分层加剧。相关分析表明，纳米级浮游植物与光合有效辐射（PAR）呈负相关，而关键硅藻类群如社会毛藻（Chaetoceros socailis）和脱海藻（thalassisira decipiens）与溶解氧和营养条件呈显著相关。群落结构从4月份较冷、混合条件下的链状硅藻向5月份较强分层条件下的小型浮游植物的高贡献转变。尽管存在这些季节变化，但硅藻多年来始终占总丰度的70 - 80% %，表明它们的恢复力和在春季生产中的核心作用。研究结果表明，东海春季浮游植物群落的空间组织受分层、养分分布和环流的相互作用支配，为认识该地区的高生物生产力提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

First record of Cassiopea xamachana ephyrae from the wild in India, with insights into its life history and development 印度野生仙后座（Cassiopea xamachana ephyrae）的首次记录，对其生活史和发展有了深入的了解

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104786

L. Ranjith , Raju Saravanan , K.S. Sobhana , I. Jagadis , S. Ramkumar , C. Kalidas , D. Linga Prabu , M. Kavitha , P. Nevathitha , A. Mathan Babu , D. Sarathapriya , L. Loveson Edward , Grinson George

The upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea spp. (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) displays a metagenetic life cycle comprising medusoid and polyp stages, with the ephyrae as an intermediate stage. This study reports, for the first time, the occurrence of wild Cassiopea ephyrae from Indian waters with different developmental morphologies under a controlled rearing system. Ephyrae was collected from the primary settlement unit of a slow sand filter facility supplied source seawater from Tuticorin Bay on the southeastern coast of India. The molecular results showed a close identity to Cassiopea xamachana (Bigelow, 1892), with 99.54 % similarity in the COI gene sequence analysis. The distinct characteristics of the newly liberated ephyrae (1.4–2.5 mm) included a long manubrium (more than half of the central disc diameter), 16 spatula-shaped velar lappets, and 32 outwardbent rhopalial lappets with zooxanthellae distributed in the mesoglea. The development of ephyrae into young medusae occurred within 3–4 days under controlled laboratory conditions. This study revealed that ephyrae readily accepted live feed and exhibited substantial growth and morphogenesis in young medusae. This study provides insights into the critical early-life parameters of C. xamachana, which are essential for understanding its swarming behavior in the wild.

倒置水母Cassiopea spp.（水母纲：根口科）表现出一个由水母和水螅阶段组成的变质生命周期，其中棘为中间阶段。本研究首次报道了在控制饲养制度下，不同发育形态的印度水域野生仙后座（Cassiopea ephyrae）的出现。从印度东南海岸的Tuticorin湾供应的源海水的慢砂过滤设施的初级沉降单元中收集了Ephyrae。分子分析结果表明，该菌株与Cassiopea xamachana （Bigelow, 1892）同源性较好，COI基因序列相似性为99.54 %。新解放棘叶（1.4 ~ 2.5 mm）的显著特征是柄柄较长（超过中央椎间盘直径的一半），16个铲状瓣叶，32个向外弯曲的瓣叶，虫黄藻分布在中胶层。在受控的实验室条件下，棘虫在3-4天内发育成年轻的水母。本研究表明，棘鱼很容易接受活体饲料，并在幼年水母中表现出明显的生长和形态发生。这项研究提供了对C. xamachana早期生命关键参数的见解，这对于理解其野外群体行为至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The silent drift of PAHs in the East China Sea: Sources, ecological risks, and remediation 东海多环芳烃的无声漂移：来源、生态风险与治理

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104826

Liberty Chidewe , Rongrong Zhang , Lord Famiyeh , Kalim Ullah , Qunying Lu , Zeming Zhang , Xizhi Shi

This review synthesizes two decades (2004–2024) of research on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the East China Sea (ECS), focusing on their occurrence, sources, risks, and remediation. Using a PICO-guided systematic approach, we compiled data across seawater, sediments, biota, and food webs. PAH concentrations in seawater range from non-detectable to 816.9 ng/L, while sediments span 1.7–3047.1 ng/g, with ecological risk quotients generally indicating low to moderate risk (RQ ≤ 1). Biota exhibit PAH levels up to 3500 ng/g, revealing notable bio-accumulation, and benzo[a]pyrene Toxicity Equivalency Quotient (TEQ_BaP) values from 1960 to 2020 sediment cores (0.34–5.4 ng/g) remain far below the 600 ng/g toxicity threshold, suggesting limited carcinogenic pressure at the sediment level. Nevertheless, seafood-based excess cancer risk (ECR) values between 1.10E-7 and 5.08E-5, with some exceeding 1.0E-6, point to potential long-term human health concerns. Source apportionment indicates that oil spills, petroleum and coal combustion, steel production, and other industrial emissions are the dominant contributors, with spatial hotspots linked to high population density and GDP. The review also evaluates remediation options—including bio-remediation, adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, sediment capping, and photo-degradation—and discusses their feasibility under ECS-specific hydrodynamic and ecological conditions. Overall, the ECS currently exhibits low to moderate PAH pollution on both regional and global scales; however, strengthened monitoring, locally adapted risk assessment frameworks, and targeted remediation strategies remain essential.

本文综述了近20年来东海多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布、来源、风险和修复等方面的研究进展。利用pico引导的系统方法，我们收集了海水、沉积物、生物群和食物网的数据。海水中多环芳烃浓度范围为不可检测到~ 816.9 ng/L，沉积物中多环芳烃浓度范围为1.7 ~ 3047.1 ng/g，生态风险商数一般为中低风险（RQ≤1）。生物群的多环芳烃含量高达3500 ng/g，显示出显著的生物积累，1960年至2020年沉积物芯的苯并[a]芘毒性等效商（TEQBaP）值（0.34-5.4 ng/g）远低于600 ng/g的毒性阈值，表明沉积物水平的致癌压力有限。然而，基于海鲜的过量癌症风险（ECR）值在1.10E-7和5.08E-5之间，有些超过1.0E-6，表明潜在的长期人类健康问题。来源分析表明，石油泄漏、石油和煤炭燃烧、钢铁生产和其他工业排放是主要的排放源，其空间热点与高人口密度和高GDP有关。该综述还评估了修复方案，包括生物修复、吸附、高级氧化工艺、沉积物封盖和光降解，并讨论了它们在ecs特定的水动力和生态条件下的可行性。总体而言，东太平洋经济区目前在区域和全球范围内均表现出低至中度多环芳烃污染；然而，加强监测、适应当地的风险评估框架和有针对性的补救战略仍然至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Spatio-temporal dynamics for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in the waters around Taiwan: Implications for stock assessment and fisheries management 台湾周边海域海豚（Coryphaena hippurus）的时空动态：种群评估与渔业管理的意义

IF 2.4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Regional Studies in Marine Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2026.104832

Wen-Qi Xu , Sheng-Ping Wang , Chih-Yu Lin , Wei-Chuan Chiang , Toshihide Kitakado

Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is essential for effective stock assessment and fisheries management. Owing to its migratory nature, rapid growth, and short lifespan, the species requires management approaches that account for spatial and temporal variability. In this study, two spatio-temporal modelling frameworks, VAST and sdmTMB, were applied to longline fishery logbook data collected in the waters around Taiwan from 2011 to 2023. Standardised indices of relative abundance were estimated using an area-weighted approach that accounted for both fished and unfished regions. Cluster analysis was conducted to classify fishing strategies based on species composition, revealing a dominant dolphinfish-targeted cluster concentrated in the eastern offshore region. Both spatio-temporal models detected consistent seasonal patterns, with peak abundance in the second quarter and a decline in the third, aligning with known migratory behaviour and oceanographic influences. Spatial hotspots were identified primarily in the northeastern waters influenced by the Kuroshio Current. While general agreement was observed between the models, sdmTMB produced higher spatial contrast and slightly greater abundance estimates in the early years. Differences in model structure, spatial resolution, and data coverage were found to influence predictive outcomes. Limitations regarding logbook data quality, spatial bias, and the absence of environmental covariates were acknowledged. Nevertheless, the results demonstrate the utility of spatio-temporal modelling in deriving robust abundance indices and identifying biologically and operationally significant fishing grounds that represent key habitats and high-effort zones for dolphinfish fisheries in the northwestern Pacific. These findings provide a strong basis for integrating spatial dynamics into stock assessments and support the development of adaptive, spatially explicit management strategies in the western Pacific.

了解海豚（Coryphaena hippurus）的时空动态对有效的种群评估和渔业管理至关重要。由于其迁移性质，生长迅速，寿命短，该物种需要考虑到空间和时间变化的管理方法。本研究采用VAST和sdmTMB两种时空模型框架，对2011 - 2023年台湾周边海域延绳钓渔业日志数据进行分析。标准化的相对丰度指数是用面积加权方法估计的，该方法同时考虑了捕捞和未捕捞区域。通过聚类分析，根据物种组成对捕捞策略进行分类，发现以海豚为目标的优势聚类集中在东部近海区域。两个时空模型都发现了一致的季节模式，第二季度丰度达到峰值，第三季度下降，这与已知的迁徙行为和海洋学影响相一致。空间热点主要分布在受黑潮影响的东北海域。虽然在模型之间观察到大致一致，但sdmTMB在早期产生了更高的空间对比度和略高的丰度估计。模型结构、空间分辨率和数据覆盖的差异会影响预测结果。承认日志数据质量、空间偏差和环境协变量缺失方面的局限性。尽管如此，研究结果证明了时空模型在获得强大的丰度指数和识别生物和操作上重要的渔场方面的实用性，这些渔场代表了西北太平洋海豚渔业的主要栖息地和高努力区。这些发现为将空间动态纳入种群评估提供了坚实的基础，并支持在西太平洋制定适应性强、空间明确的管理战略。

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引用次数: 0