Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.16
ANNALAURA BRAI, FRANCA TARCHI, CLAUDIA PASQUALINI, FEDERICA POGGIALINI, CHIARA VAGAGGINI, RICCARDO FROSININI, SAURO SIMONI, VALERIA FRANCARDI, ELENA DREASSI
Tenebrio molitor larvae (TML) are a novel food, recently approved for human consumption in Europe. Their high content of proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids make them a healthy source of nutrients, with potential applications in cardiovascular disease prevention. Flour-based diets are the most common feed, due to their affordability in mass-rearing conditions. Nevertheless, flour inhalation can sensitize people to asthma, increasing the risk of developing respiratory allergy among professional and domestic TML breeders. Herein, with the purpose to reduce allergens, we substituted flour-based feed with commercial pellets for young rabbit breeding. The pellets reduced the dustiness during filtration, improving safety during handling operations. Our results demonstrate that pellets can be used to breed TML without affecting their mortality or development. Interestingly, TML ameliorate growth performances increasing mean weight, total phenol content and antioxidant activity respect to the flour-based diet used as a control. Finally, fat content was comparable with the control group, but n6/n3 ratio was significantly reduced. Taken together our results strongly support the substitution of flour-based feed with commercial pellets. Key Words: Tenebrio molitor; novel foods; edible insects; allergy; pellets.
{"title":"THE REPLACEMENT OF FLOUR-BASED FEED WITH PELLETS REDUCES DUSTINESS AND IMPROVES TENEBRIO MOLITOR BREEDERS’ SAFETY","authors":"ANNALAURA BRAI, FRANCA TARCHI, CLAUDIA PASQUALINI, FEDERICA POGGIALINI, CHIARA VAGAGGINI, RICCARDO FROSININI, SAURO SIMONI, VALERIA FRANCARDI, ELENA DREASSI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.16","url":null,"abstract":"Tenebrio molitor larvae (TML) are a novel food, recently approved for human consumption in Europe. Their high content of proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids make them a healthy source of nutrients, with potential applications in cardiovascular disease prevention. Flour-based diets are the most common feed, due to their affordability in mass-rearing conditions. Nevertheless, flour inhalation can sensitize people to asthma, increasing the risk of developing respiratory allergy among professional and domestic TML breeders. Herein, with the purpose to reduce allergens, we substituted flour-based feed with commercial pellets for young rabbit breeding. The pellets reduced the dustiness during filtration, improving safety during handling operations. Our results demonstrate that pellets can be used to breed TML without affecting their mortality or development. Interestingly, TML ameliorate growth performances increasing mean weight, total phenol content and antioxidant activity respect to the flour-based diet used as a control. Finally, fat content was comparable with the control group, but n6/n3 ratio was significantly reduced. Taken together our results strongly support the substitution of flour-based feed with commercial pellets. Key Words: Tenebrio molitor; novel foods; edible insects; allergy; pellets.","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.15
PASQUALE TREMATERRA, MARCO COLACCI
In the paper are reported few notes on four Lepidoptera Tortricidae, Phtheochroa apenninana, Epinotia cinereana and Cydia indivisa not yet listed in the Italian fauna, and Cnephasia kenneli new also to Europe. P. apenninana was collected on Gran Sasso, Abruzzo; E. cinereana and C. indivisa were collected in South Tyrol; C. kenneli was found along the Adriatic coast of central Italy. This last species was previously cited for Jordan, Asia Minor, Syria?, Kuldscha?, and Iran. Key Words: Lepidoptera Tortricidae, new records, Italian and European fauna
{"title":"PHTHEOCHROA APENNINANA, EPINOTIA CINEREANA AND CYDIA INDIVISA NOT YET LISTED IN THE ITALIAN FAUNA, CNEPHASIA KENNELI NEW TO EUROPE (LEPIDOPTERA TORTRICIDAE)","authors":"PASQUALE TREMATERRA, MARCO COLACCI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.15","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper are reported few notes on four Lepidoptera Tortricidae, Phtheochroa apenninana, Epinotia cinereana and Cydia indivisa not yet listed in the Italian fauna, and Cnephasia kenneli new also to Europe. P. apenninana was collected on Gran Sasso, Abruzzo; E. cinereana and C. indivisa were collected in South Tyrol; C. kenneli was found along the Adriatic coast of central Italy. This last species was previously cited for Jordan, Asia Minor, Syria?, Kuldscha?, and Iran. Key Words: Lepidoptera Tortricidae, new records, Italian and European fauna","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135813169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.13
FARZANEH KAZERANI, MICHAEL von TSCHIRNHAUS, HOSSEIN LOTFALIZADEH, SAMIRA FARAHANI
Aulagromyza heringii (Hendel) is a widespread leaf miner fly all over Europe, Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and China of Fraxinus excelsior. Infested leaves with leaf-miner larvae were collected from F. excelsior in Tehran province in 2016. During laboratory rearing, adult flies and parasitoids were obtained and identified. We present here the first recorded instance of Lamprotatus crassipes Thomson, 1876 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) serving as a parasitoid of Aulagromyza heringii, and also report the first occurrence of both A. heringii and the genus Lamprotatus Walker, 1843 in Iran. Diagnoses for Aulagromyza heringii and Lamprotatus crassipes are given along with photos. A brief overview of their biological features is also included. Key Words: first record, Fraxinus, leaf-miner, Iran, Microgasterini, parasitoids.
{"title":"FIRST RECORD OF AULAGROMYZA HERINGII (DIPTERA AGROMYZIDAE) AND EVIDENCE OF ITS PARASITOID LAMPROTATUS CRASSIPES (HYMENOPTERA PTEROMALIDAE) FROM IRAN","authors":"FARZANEH KAZERANI, MICHAEL von TSCHIRNHAUS, HOSSEIN LOTFALIZADEH, SAMIRA FARAHANI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.13","url":null,"abstract":"Aulagromyza heringii (Hendel) is a widespread leaf miner fly all over Europe, Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and China of Fraxinus excelsior. Infested leaves with leaf-miner larvae were collected from F. excelsior in Tehran province in 2016. During laboratory rearing, adult flies and parasitoids were obtained and identified. We present here the first recorded instance of Lamprotatus crassipes Thomson, 1876 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) serving as a parasitoid of Aulagromyza heringii, and also report the first occurrence of both A. heringii and the genus Lamprotatus Walker, 1843 in Iran. Diagnoses for Aulagromyza heringii and Lamprotatus crassipes are given along with photos. A brief overview of their biological features is also included. Key Words: first record, Fraxinus, leaf-miner, Iran, Microgasterini, parasitoids.","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.14
LEONARDO DAPPORTO, VANIA SALVATI
We used the Species Area Relationship (SAR) (modelled with the power function) to predict the butterfly richness of Othoni, the westernmost Ionian island, (Greece), by comparing two datasets: one only based on literature data, and the other including new records. Although the SAR based on literature data indicated that butterfly richness for this island was already well sampled (nine species recorded against 7.3 predicted by the model), during a four-day fieldwork in August 2023 we spotted 11 previously unrecorded butterfly species. We discussed that the evaluation of the SAR was largely affected by under sampling of small islands while faunal inventories of large islands appeared almost complete. This was also reflected by a very high slope (z ≈ 0.5) and an intercept (c ≈ 2) which appears quite low for Mediterranean butterflies. A SAR model only including large islands and those showing richness above the 95% confidence interval revealed more trustworthy c and z values (0.3 and 8, respectively). We conclude that evaluating SAR parameters using literature data which did not originate from specifically planned research in archipelagos comprising small islands could return unreliable predictions. Moreover, we documented that the current faunal list of Othoni island can be considered sufficiently accurate to reliably include this island in wider biogeographical analyses. Key Words: Butterflies, Ionian islands, Othoni, Richness, Species area relationship.
{"title":"PREDICTING AND VERIFYING BUTTERFLY RICHNESS ON ISLANDS USING THE SPECIES AREA RELATIONSHIP: OTHONI (IONIAN ISLANDS) AS A CASE STUDY","authors":"LEONARDO DAPPORTO, VANIA SALVATI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.14","url":null,"abstract":"We used the Species Area Relationship (SAR) (modelled with the power function) to predict the butterfly richness of Othoni, the westernmost Ionian island, (Greece), by comparing two datasets: one only based on literature data, and the other including new records. Although the SAR based on literature data indicated that butterfly richness for this island was already well sampled (nine species recorded against 7.3 predicted by the model), during a four-day fieldwork in August 2023 we spotted 11 previously unrecorded butterfly species. We discussed that the evaluation of the SAR was largely affected by under sampling of small islands while faunal inventories of large islands appeared almost complete. This was also reflected by a very high slope (z ≈ 0.5) and an intercept (c ≈ 2) which appears quite low for Mediterranean butterflies. A SAR model only including large islands and those showing richness above the 95% confidence interval revealed more trustworthy c and z values (0.3 and 8, respectively). We conclude that evaluating SAR parameters using literature data which did not originate from specifically planned research in archipelagos comprising small islands could return unreliable predictions. Moreover, we documented that the current faunal list of Othoni island can be considered sufficiently accurate to reliably include this island in wider biogeographical analyses. Key Words: Butterflies, Ionian islands, Othoni, Richness, Species area relationship.","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.12
PARISA LOTFOLLAHI, KIMIA AGHAZADEH, SOLMAZ AZIMI
During the survey on eriophyid mites fauna of Maku county in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran in summers 2020 and 2021, a total of three tribes, 10 genera and 20 species belonging to the subfamily Phyllocoptinae Nalepa were identified. Among them, three species including Leipothrix coactus (Nalepa, 1896), Aculus tomentosi Meyer et Ueckermann, 1990 and Aculus chamaespariti Carmona, 1974 were new reports for Asia and three species including Epitrimerus inulae Farkas, 1963, Aculodes capillarisi Skoracka, 2003 and Abacarus cynodonis Abou-Awad et Nasr, 1983 were new for Iran. The tribe Tegonotini Bagdasarian and seven species including Aculodes altamurgiensis de Lillo et Vidović, 2018, Aculus mogeri Farkas, 1960, Aculus thyrsoidi Lotfollahi et Tajaddod, 2018, Aculops rhodensis Keifer, 1957, Aculops seguieranae Lotfollahi, Khanjani, Mogaddam et de Lillo, 2012, Aculops pachyphora Honarmand, Sadeghi & de Lillo, 2020, Shevtchenkella denticulata Lotfollahi, de Lillo et Haddad, 2014 were new reports for West Azerbaijan Province. The most abundant mites belonged to Abacarus hystrix species complex. The supplementary descriptions of L. coactus and A. cynodonis are provided in this study. Key Words: Abacarus, Aculodes, Aculops, Aculus, Leipothrix, Shevtchenkella, Tegonotini
在2020年和2021年夏季对伊朗西阿塞拜疆省马库县叶面螨区系的调查中，共鉴定出叶面螨亚科3个部落10属20种。其中，lepothrix coactus (Nalepa, 1896)、Aculus tomentosi Meyer et Ueckermann(1990)和Aculus chamaespariti Carmona(1974)为亚洲新报告种，Epitrimerus inulae Farkas(1963)、aclodes capillarisi Skoracka(2003)和Abacarus cynodonis Abou-Awad et Nasr(1983)为伊朗新报告种。Bagdasarian Tegonotini部落和7个物种，包括altamurgiensis de Lillo和vidovic, 2018, Aculus mogeri Farkas, 1960, Aculus thyrsoidi Lotfollahi和Tajaddod, 2018, Aculus rhodensis Keifer, 1957, aclops seguieranae Lotfollahi, Khanjani, Mogaddam et de Lillo, 2012, aclops pachyphora Honarmand, Sadeghi和;de Lillo, 2020, Shevtchenkella denticulata Lotfollahi, de Lillo和Haddad, 2014是西阿塞拜疆省的新报告。最丰富的螨属于Abacarus hystrix物种复杂。本文对仙人掌和棘豆进行了补充描述。关键词:Abacarus, aclodes, aclops, Aculus, lepothrix, Shevtchenkella, Tegonotini
{"title":"MITE FAUNA OF SUBFAMILY PHYLLOCOPTINAE (ACARI ERIOPHYIDAE) IN MAKU COUNTY WITH THREE NEW RECORDS FOR ASIA AND THREE NEW RECORDS FOR IRAN","authors":"PARISA LOTFOLLAHI, KIMIA AGHAZADEH, SOLMAZ AZIMI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.12","url":null,"abstract":"During the survey on eriophyid mites fauna of Maku county in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran in summers 2020 and 2021, a total of three tribes, 10 genera and 20 species belonging to the subfamily Phyllocoptinae Nalepa were identified. Among them, three species including Leipothrix coactus (Nalepa, 1896), Aculus tomentosi Meyer et Ueckermann, 1990 and Aculus chamaespariti Carmona, 1974 were new reports for Asia and three species including Epitrimerus inulae Farkas, 1963, Aculodes capillarisi Skoracka, 2003 and Abacarus cynodonis Abou-Awad et Nasr, 1983 were new for Iran. The tribe Tegonotini Bagdasarian and seven species including Aculodes altamurgiensis de Lillo et Vidović, 2018, Aculus mogeri Farkas, 1960, Aculus thyrsoidi Lotfollahi et Tajaddod, 2018, Aculops rhodensis Keifer, 1957, Aculops seguieranae Lotfollahi, Khanjani, Mogaddam et de Lillo, 2012, Aculops pachyphora Honarmand, Sadeghi & de Lillo, 2020, Shevtchenkella denticulata Lotfollahi, de Lillo et Haddad, 2014 were new reports for West Azerbaijan Province. The most abundant mites belonged to Abacarus hystrix species complex. The supplementary descriptions of L. coactus and A. cynodonis are provided in this study. Key Words: Abacarus, Aculodes, Aculops, Aculus, Leipothrix, Shevtchenkella, Tegonotini","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.11
SHEYDA ZAREI, SEDIGHE AZIMI
During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in Khuzestan province (southwest Iran), Ditylenchus filimus was discovered in the rhizosphere of date palm. The morphological and morphometric data were provided for the recovered species. The morphological characters of Iranian population are in agreement with the type population and other populations of this species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the species with representatives of the family Anguinidae were discussed using partial sequences of the small subunit, D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit, and internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (SSU, LSU D2-D3 and ITS rDNA) based on Bayesian inference (BI). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular characterization of this species. Key Words: 18S rDNA, D2-D3 LSU rDNA, ITS rDNA, Ditylenchus, morphometric data, phylogeny
在对伊朗胡齐斯坦省(Khuzestan)植物寄生线虫的生物多样性调查中，在枣椰树根际发现了diylenchus filimus。提供了恢复物种的形态学和形态计量学数据。伊朗种群的形态特征与本种的型种群和其他种群基本一致。利用小亚基部分序列、大亚基D2-D3扩展段和核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区(SSU、LSU D2-D3和ITS rDNA)，基于贝叶斯推理(BI)对该物种与Anguinidae科代表进行分子系统发育分析。据我们所知，这是该物种分子特征的第一份报告。关键词:18S rDNA, D2-D3 LSU rDNA, ITS rDNA，二叉虫，形态计量学数据，系统发育
{"title":"FIRST MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF DITYLENCHUS FILIMUS ANDERSON, 1983 (NEMATODA ANGUINIDAE) BASED ON THE POPULATION FROM IRAN","authors":"SHEYDA ZAREI, SEDIGHE AZIMI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.11","url":null,"abstract":"During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in Khuzestan province (southwest Iran), Ditylenchus filimus was discovered in the rhizosphere of date palm. The morphological and morphometric data were provided for the recovered species. The morphological characters of Iranian population are in agreement with the type population and other populations of this species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the species with representatives of the family Anguinidae were discussed using partial sequences of the small subunit, D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit, and internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (SSU, LSU D2-D3 and ITS rDNA) based on Bayesian inference (BI). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular characterization of this species. Key Words: 18S rDNA, D2-D3 LSU rDNA, ITS rDNA, Ditylenchus, morphometric data, phylogeny","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.10
FABRIZIO PENNACCHIO, FRANCESCO BINAZZI, AGOSTINO STRANGI, PIO FEDERICO ROVERSI, ELISABETTA GARGANI, TULLIO TURCHETTI, PAOLO TOCCAFONDI, ROBERTO DANTI
The biological control of the Asian Chinese gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus, is influenced by several factors. In 2013, a survey was carried out in three chestnut orchards near Florence (Italy) to investigate ACGW parasitization by native parasitoids and the introduced Torymus sinensis. The following two methods were adopted: the first based on the dissection of cynipid galls with the aim of inspecting cells within each gall and the second based on monitoring adult emergence from galls. Parasitization patterns due to gall position related to plant height were also evaluated. Native parasitoids were more abundant in the upper part of tree crowns in June, while in July and August their activity was more evident in the middle and lower parts of chestnut trees. Conversely, parasitization of T. sinensis, was detected at all plant heights. Plant position within stands also affected the performance of both native parasitoids and T. sinensis, with parasitization that progressively decreasead moving toward the interior of the orchards. Gall necrosis was equally evaluated as a limiting factor of ACGW survival. Among the isolated fungal species, Gnomoniopsis castaneae (Tamietti), an endophyte fungus harmful to fruits, colonized both healthy and necrotic galls together with ubiquitous components of fungal communities such as Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Colletotrichum fioriniae. Our results evidenced that T. sinensis was able control the ACGW, while native parasitoids played only a secondary, though non-negligible, role. Conversely, gall necroses had a minor impact on pest control, as their efficacy was limited to the early stages of gall development. Key words: biodiversity, gall-inducing insects, native parasitoids, fungal species
{"title":"SOME BIOTIC LIMITING FACTORS OF DRYOCOSMUS KURIPHILUS (HYMENOPTERA CYNIPIDAE): A SURVEY IN CHESTNUT ORCHARDS NEAR FLORENCE (ITALY)","authors":"FABRIZIO PENNACCHIO, FRANCESCO BINAZZI, AGOSTINO STRANGI, PIO FEDERICO ROVERSI, ELISABETTA GARGANI, TULLIO TURCHETTI, PAOLO TOCCAFONDI, ROBERTO DANTI","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.10","url":null,"abstract":"The biological control of the Asian Chinese gall wasp (ACGW) Dryocosmus kuriphilus, is influenced by several factors. In 2013, a survey was carried out in three chestnut orchards near Florence (Italy) to investigate ACGW parasitization by native parasitoids and the introduced Torymus sinensis. The following two methods were adopted: the first based on the dissection of cynipid galls with the aim of inspecting cells within each gall and the second based on monitoring adult emergence from galls. Parasitization patterns due to gall position related to plant height were also evaluated. Native parasitoids were more abundant in the upper part of tree crowns in June, while in July and August their activity was more evident in the middle and lower parts of chestnut trees. Conversely, parasitization of T. sinensis, was detected at all plant heights. Plant position within stands also affected the performance of both native parasitoids and T. sinensis, with parasitization that progressively decreasead moving toward the interior of the orchards. Gall necrosis was equally evaluated as a limiting factor of ACGW survival. Among the isolated fungal species, Gnomoniopsis castaneae (Tamietti), an endophyte fungus harmful to fruits, colonized both healthy and necrotic galls together with ubiquitous components of fungal communities such as Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Colletotrichum fioriniae. Our results evidenced that T. sinensis was able control the ACGW, while native parasitoids played only a secondary, though non-negligible, role. Conversely, gall necroses had a minor impact on pest control, as their efficacy was limited to the early stages of gall development. Key words: biodiversity, gall-inducing insects, native parasitoids, fungal species","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135597227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.07
C. Lahfef, M. Elimem, Wala Sassi, E. Limem-Sellemi, Mohammad M. M. Bedewy, K. Lebdi‐Grissa
An inventory of ladybirds was carried out in cereal fields in Zaghouan over three years to evaluate their seasonal apparition and their efficiency in decreasing aphid populations. Only two species, Coccinella algerica and Hippodamia variegata were identified. The delegation of Mograne was the most populated by ladybirds (64%). As the main result of the correlation analysis, the relationship between ladybirds and temperature was strong, especially during 2018 and 2019. The frequencies of morphs differed among years and seasons, and the number of individuals was more considerable with the aphids’ increased populations, especially in the spring (April and May). It coincides with the development of weeds in fields. H. variegata manifested with eighteen different morphs. According to the morphological criteria, the most common morph has 9 spots. Comparing the morphological criteria and genitalia, a sexual inversion was encountered, reaching 16.67% for males and 2.13% for females. It is supposed that the chemicals’ use and the temperature were the main factors that induce polymorphism and sexual inversion with H. variegata. The limited use of chemicals enhances the presence of ladybirds in fields in the Mograne region. Key Words: natural enemies, ladybird, cereals, Hippodamia variegata, Coccinella algerica.
{"title":"LADYBIRDS IN CEREAL FIELDS IN THE REGION OF ZAGHOUAN IN TUNISIA","authors":"C. Lahfef, M. Elimem, Wala Sassi, E. Limem-Sellemi, Mohammad M. M. Bedewy, K. Lebdi‐Grissa","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.07","url":null,"abstract":"An inventory of ladybirds was carried out in cereal fields in Zaghouan over three years to evaluate their seasonal apparition and their efficiency in decreasing aphid populations. Only two species, Coccinella algerica and Hippodamia variegata were identified. The delegation of Mograne was the most populated by ladybirds (64%). As the main result of the correlation analysis, the relationship between ladybirds and temperature was strong, especially during 2018 and 2019. The frequencies of morphs differed among years and seasons, and the number of individuals was more considerable with the aphids’ increased populations, especially in the spring (April and May). It coincides with the development of weeds in fields. H. variegata manifested with eighteen different morphs. According to the morphological criteria, the most common morph has 9 spots. Comparing the morphological criteria and genitalia, a sexual inversion was encountered, reaching 16.67% for males and 2.13% for females. It is supposed that the chemicals’ use and the temperature were the main factors that induce polymorphism and sexual inversion with H. variegata. The limited use of chemicals enhances the presence of ladybirds in fields in the Mograne region. Key Words: natural enemies, ladybird, cereals, Hippodamia variegata, Coccinella algerica.","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49609529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.08
S. Bella, R. Catania, C. Baviera
After the first record in 2018 in southern Italy and in Sicily, the Neotropical ladybird Delphastus catalinae (Horn, 1895) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae, Sticholotidinae) has been rediscovered and monitored in Sicily. The population of this non-indegenous species was observed in an experimental citrus orchard with organic management in eastern Sicily. D. catalinae is the only Italian and Sicilian allochthonous ladybird species with Neotropical origin. It was abundant in the study area and active all year, especially in autumn-winter. Overall, a total of 971 specimens of D. catalinae were collected during the three years field surveys on twenty sampled trees. Over the years the population of D. catalinae increased, as increased the percentage of D. catalinae specimens on the total number of ladybirds collected. More studies will be needed for monitoring the spread of D. catalinae in Sicily and the effective interaction with other indigenous ladybird predators of Aleyrodidae like Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi, 1794). Key Words: Ladybeetles; Delphastus catalinae; Delphastus pusillus; Clitostethus arcuatus; Italy; Biological invaders.
{"title":"FIRST DATA ON ESTABLISHMENT AND POPULATION TREND OF THE NEOTROPICAL DELPHASTUS CATALINAE (HORN, 1895) (COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE) IN ITALY","authors":"S. Bella, R. Catania, C. Baviera","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.08","url":null,"abstract":"After the first record in 2018 in southern Italy and in Sicily, the Neotropical ladybird Delphastus catalinae (Horn, 1895) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae, Sticholotidinae) has been rediscovered and monitored in Sicily. The population of this non-indegenous species was observed in an experimental citrus orchard with organic management in eastern Sicily. D. catalinae is the only Italian and Sicilian allochthonous ladybird species with Neotropical origin. It was abundant in the study area and active all year, especially in autumn-winter. Overall, a total of 971 specimens of D. catalinae were collected during the three years field surveys on twenty sampled trees. Over the years the population of D. catalinae increased, as increased the percentage of D. catalinae specimens on the total number of ladybirds collected. More studies will be needed for monitoring the spread of D. catalinae in Sicily and the effective interaction with other indigenous ladybird predators of Aleyrodidae like Clitostethus arcuatus (Rossi, 1794). Key Words: Ladybeetles; Delphastus catalinae; Delphastus pusillus; Clitostethus arcuatus; Italy; Biological invaders.","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43635926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.19263/redia-106.23.09
ALICE CASIRAGHI, NICOLA ADDELFIO, NICOLA M. G. ARDENGHI, NICOLÁS PÉREZ HIDALGO
The sorghum aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) is recorded for the first time in mainland Italy (Florence, Tuscany region, Italy) and Spain (Vinalesa, Valencia Region, Spain) on Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Data on its biology, worldwide distribution and notes on its pest behaviour are given. Melanaphis sorghi had previously been recorded from Greece (in 2008), Cyprus and Israel. The records of this species in Iran and Turkey need confirmation. Key Words: Sorghum aphid, alien species, pest, Italy, Iberian Peninsula
{"title":"FIRST RECORD OF MELANAPHIS SORGHI (THEOBALD, 1904) (HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE) IN ITALY AND SPAIN","authors":"ALICE CASIRAGHI, NICOLA ADDELFIO, NICOLA M. G. ARDENGHI, NICOLÁS PÉREZ HIDALGO","doi":"10.19263/redia-106.23.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-106.23.09","url":null,"abstract":"The sorghum aphid Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) is recorded for the first time in mainland Italy (Florence, Tuscany region, Italy) and Spain (Vinalesa, Valencia Region, Spain) on Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Data on its biology, worldwide distribution and notes on its pest behaviour are given. Melanaphis sorghi had previously been recorded from Greece (in 2008), Cyprus and Israel. The records of this species in Iran and Turkey need confirmation. Key Words: Sorghum aphid, alien species, pest, Italy, Iberian Peninsula","PeriodicalId":21092,"journal":{"name":"Redia-Giornale Di Zoologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136119114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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