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Manarat: A scalable QICK-based control system for superconducting quantum processors supporting synchronized control of 10 flux-tunable qubits. 马纳拉特:一种可扩展的基于快速的超导量子处理器控制系统,支持同步控制10个通量可调量子比特。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0301360
Agustin Silva, Alvaro Orgaz Fuertes

A scalable control architecture for superconducting quantum processors is essential as the number of qubits increases and coherent multi-qubit operations span beyond the capacity of a single control module. The Quantum Instrumentation Control Kit (QICK), built on AMD RFSoC platforms, offers a flexible open-source framework for pulse-level qubit control but lacks native support for multi-board synchronization, limiting its applicability to mid- and large-scale quantum devices. To overcome this limitation, we introduce Manarat, a scalable multi-board control platform based on QICK that incorporates hardware, firmware, and software enhancements to enable sub-100 ps timing alignment across multiple AMD ZCU216 RFSoC boards. Our system integrates a low-jitter clock distribution network, modifications to the tProcessor, and a synchronization scheme to ensure deterministic alignment of program execution across boards. It also includes a custom analog front-end for flux control that combines high-speed RF signals with software-programmable DC biasing voltages generated by a low-noise, high-precision DAC. These capabilities are complemented by a software stack capable of orchestrating synchronized multi-board experiments and fully integrated with the open-source Qibo framework for quantum device calibration and algorithm execution. We validate Manarat on a 10-qubit superconducting processor controlled by two RFSoC boards, demonstrating reliable execution of synchronized control sequences for cross-board CZ gate calibration. These results confirm that sub-nanosecond synchronization and coherent control are achievable across multiple RFSoC boards, enabling scalable operation of superconducting quantum computers.

随着量子比特数量的增加和相干多量子比特操作超出单个控制模块的能力,超导量子处理器的可扩展控制体系结构是必不可少的。量子仪器控制套件(QICK)建立在AMD RFSoC平台上,为脉冲级量子比特控制提供了一个灵活的开源框架,但缺乏对多板同步的原生支持,限制了其在中型和大型量子设备中的适用性。为了克服这一限制,我们推出了基于QICK的可扩展多板控制平台Manarat,该平台集成了硬件,固件和软件增强功能,可在多个AMD ZCU216 RFSoC板上实现低于100 ps的时序校准。我们的系统集成了一个低抖动时钟分配网络,对tProcessor的修改,以及一个同步方案,以确保程序执行的确定性一致性。它还包括一个用于磁通控制的定制模拟前端,该前端将高速RF信号与由低噪声、高精度DAC产生的软件可编程直流偏置电压相结合。这些功能由一个能够协调同步多板实验的软件堆栈补充,并与量子器件校准和算法执行的开源Qibo框架完全集成。我们在由两个RFSoC板控制的10量子位超导处理器上验证了Manarat,展示了跨板CZ栅极校准同步控制序列的可靠执行。这些结果证实,跨多个RFSoC板可以实现亚纳秒同步和相干控制,从而实现超导量子计算机的可扩展操作。
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引用次数: 0
Design and performance of an L-shaped Fourier transform microwave spectrometer (L-FTMW): Fabry-Perot cavity spectrometer setup. l型傅里叶变换微波光谱仪(L-FTMW)的设计与性能:法布里-珀罗腔光谱仪装置。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0311736
Rusiru P H Rajapaksha, Cadence Miller, Randi K Padikoralage, Thusitha S Jayasekara, Mitchell Swann, Madeline Kidder, Ranil M Gurusinghe

A new L-shaped molecular beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometer (L-FTMW) has been developed at Tennessee Tech University to perform both cavity and chirped-pulse rotational spectroscopy within a single platform. The instrument features an L-shaped high-vacuum chamber comprised of stainless-steel and polycarbonate sections, allowing orthogonal operation of Fabry-Perot cavity and chirped-pulse configurations without mechanical reconfiguration. This paper focuses on the design, operation, and performance of the 8-18 GHz Fabry-Perot cavity subsystem within the L-FTMW spectrometer. The cavity is formed by two 7.5-inch-diameter aluminum mirrors with 30 cm radii of curvature, arranged near-confocally and coupled to a near-coaxial pulsed molecular beam. A custom Python-based interface enables automated high-resolution mapping of cavity resonances and broadband data acquisition with minimal user intervention. The system routinely achieves 2 kHz frequency resolution, enabling precise measurement of hyperfine spectral features. Performance was validated through measurements of benchmark systems, including OCS isotopologues and their weakly bound van der Waals complexes. The 17O13CS isotopologue (natural abundance = 0.000 397 2%, corresponding to ∼40 ppb in a 1% OCS/argon mixture) was detected within 5 min of signal averaging at natural abundance with argon as the carrier gas. The simple mechanical design and open-source control software make the L-FTMW spectrometer a versatile and accessible platform for high-resolution rotational spectroscopy and future investigations of reaction dynamics and kinetics.

美国田纳西理工大学开发了一种新型的l形分子束傅立叶变换微波光谱仪(L-FTMW),可以在一个平台上同时进行腔和啁啾脉冲旋转光谱分析。该仪器的特点是l型高真空腔室由不锈钢和聚碳酸酯部分组成,允许法布里-珀罗腔和啁啾脉冲结构的正交操作,而无需机械重新配置。本文重点研究了L-FTMW光谱仪中8-18 GHz法布里-珀罗腔分系统的设计、工作和性能。腔体由两个直径7.5英寸、曲率半径30厘米的铝镜组成,近共聚焦排列,并与近同轴脉冲分子束耦合。基于python的自定义接口可以实现腔共振的自动高分辨率映射和宽带数据采集,用户干预最少。该系统通常达到2 kHz的频率分辨率,能够精确测量超精细光谱特征。通过测量基准体系,包括OCS同位素物及其弱结合范德华配合物,验证了其性能。17O13CS同位素(自然丰度= 0.000 397.2%,对应于1% OCS/氩气混合物中的~ 40 ppb)在以氩气为载气的自然丰度信号平均后5分钟内被检测到。简单的机械设计和开源控制软件使L-FTMW光谱仪成为高分辨率旋转光谱和未来反应动力学和动力学研究的通用和可访问的平台。
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引用次数: 0
Improved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy sensitivity for aqueous biological samples using low-volume multi-channel cells and dielectric resonators. 使用小体积多通道细胞和介电谐振器提高了水生物样品的电子顺磁共振光谱灵敏度。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0285590
Richard R Mett, Anand Anilkumar, Alexander M Garces, Joseph T Wehrley, Michael T Lerch, Candice S Klug, Jason W Sidabras

Reducing sample volumes for electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy applications places increasing demands on hardware design to preserve or enhance EPR signal intensity. This work presents the design, fabrication, and testing of dielectric resonators and multi-channel aqueous sample cells for applications in X-band (nominally 9.5 GHz) EPR. Our aim was to maximize the EPR signal intensity for sample sizes of 3-4 μl and 200 nl. These advances are summarized as follows: single-crystal sapphire and rutile dielectric resonators with very low loss tangent and high resonator efficiency; minimum dielectric resonator coupling to radiation shield to reduce ohmic losses; 3D-printed aqueous sample cells with thin multi-channel construction to minimize radio frequency dissipation in the sample; and a Gordon coupler for maximum coupling range and minimum stored energy to eliminate frequency shifts during tuning. Sample tube cross sections were designed by leveraging insights gained from analytic theory to inform finite-element modeling of electromagnetic fields. Experimental comparisons of multi-channel sample cells using a sapphire resonator exhibited a 2.2-fold increase in EPR signal intensity compared with a standard capillary at 3-4 μl, while simulations predict an additional 23% improvement with further 3D printing advances. For samples at 200 nl, a rutile dielectric resonator with a multi-channel sample cell was simulated to improve EPR sensitivity by a 2.7-fold increase compared with a capillary at the same volume.

减少电子顺磁共振(EPR)光谱应用的样品体积对硬件设计提出了越来越高的要求,以保持或增强EPR信号强度。这项工作介绍了用于x波段(名义上为9.5 GHz) EPR的介电谐振器和多通道水样电池的设计、制造和测试。我们的目标是在样品大小为3-4 μl和200 μl时最大化EPR信号强度。这些进展主要有:具有极低正切损耗和高谐振效率的蓝宝石和金红石单晶介质谐振器;最小介电谐振器耦合到辐射屏蔽,以减少欧姆损失;具有薄多通道结构的3d打印水性样品池,以最大限度地减少样品中的射频损耗;以及戈登耦合器,用于最大耦合范围和最小存储能量,以消除调谐期间的频率移位。通过利用分析理论的见解来设计样管截面,从而为电磁场的有限元建模提供信息。使用蓝宝石谐振器对多通道样品细胞进行实验比较发现,与标准毛细管在3-4 μl下相比,EPR信号强度增加了2.2倍,而模拟预测,随着3D打印的进一步发展,EPR信号强度将提高23%。对于200nl的样品,模拟了具有多通道样品池的金红石介质谐振器,与相同体积下的毛细管相比,EPR灵敏度提高了2.7倍。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal design of the rectangular transmission coils for dual-load wireless power transfer system. 双负载无线电力传输系统矩形传输线圈的优化设计。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0293776
Jun Cai, Tao Zheng, Adrian David Cheok, Ying Yan, Xin Zhang

This paper presents a systematical transmission coil design method for a dual-load wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on a rectangular coil structure. The main design steps are as follows: (1) The system circuit model and the mathematical dimension model of the coupling coils are established to determine the inductance range of the receiving coil and the transmitting coil. (2) Three coil inductance calculation methods such as the finite element method (FEM), greenhouse formula method and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) are analyzed and compared. The FEM and BPNN hybrid method are finally selected for determining the relationship between rectangular coil size, coil turns, and inductance, which is a more efficient modeling scheme and can achieve enough modeling accuracy. (3) Based on calculated inductance characteristics, the length and width of the rectangular coil can be obtained with a geometric mapping scheme, and moreover, the coil size with optimal costs can be estimated. Detailed theoretical analyses are provided. Finally, simulations and experiments are performed for verification.

提出了一种基于矩形线圈结构的双负载无线电力传输系统传输线圈的系统设计方法。主要设计步骤如下:(1)建立系统电路模型和耦合线圈的数学尺寸模型,确定接收线圈和发射线圈的电感范围。(2)对有限元法、温室公式法和反向传播神经网络(BPNN)等三种线圈电感计算方法进行了分析比较。最后选择FEM和BPNN混合方法确定矩形线圈尺寸、线圈匝数和电感之间的关系,这是一种更有效的建模方案,可以达到足够的建模精度。(3)根据计算出的电感特性,采用几何映射方案得到矩形线圈的长度和宽度,并估算出成本最优的线圈尺寸。并进行了详细的理论分析。最后进行了仿真和实验验证。
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引用次数: 0
A method for heart sound classification using sample augmentation and INDANet. 一种基于样本增强和internet的心音分类方法。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0301156
Jinpo Wang, Zijian Qiao, Yudong Yao, Jianxu Shi, Huabo He

The number of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases has been steadily increasing, with the majority occurring in underdeveloped regions. Doctors in less developed regions often have limited clinical experience to diagnose these diseases by listening heart sounds, whereas artificial intelligence can serve as a valuable tool to assist them in conducting auxiliary diagnoses. However, small samples and strong noise reduce the diagnosis accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, a novel method is put forward for heart sound classification, which integrates sample augmentation and injected noise dual attention networks (INDANet). First of all, the heart sounds are preprocessed through a Butterworth filter to eliminate noise outside the cardiac frequency range. Then, a sample augmentation is utilized to increase the size of sample set. In addition, a suitable dose of Gaussian noise is injected to improve the robustness and generalization of INDANet with channel and spatial attention mechanism. Experiments on two datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in heart sound classification compared to the other six advanced models. The accuracy in the two datasets achieves as high as 99.85% and 98.07%, respectively.

心血管疾病造成的死亡人数一直在稳步增加,其中大多数发生在不发达地区。欠发达地区的医生往往缺乏通过听心音诊断这些疾病的临床经验,而人工智能可以作为一个有价值的工具,帮助他们进行辅助诊断。然而,小样本和强噪声降低了诊断的准确性。为此,本文提出了一种结合样本增强和注入噪声双注意网络(INDANet)的心音分类新方法。首先,通过巴特沃斯滤波器对心音进行预处理,消除心脏频率范围以外的噪声。然后,利用样本增广来增加样本集的大小。此外,通过注入适当剂量的高斯噪声,提高具有信道和空间注意机制的INDANet的鲁棒性和泛化性。在两个数据集上的实验表明,与其他六种先进模型相比,该方法在心音分类方面取得了更好的效果。两个数据集的准确率分别高达99.85%和98.07%。
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引用次数: 0
Recent developments and perspectives on laser-driven neutron sources (LDNSs). 激光驱动中子源的研究进展与展望。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0289016
T Gutberlet, M Bleuel, T Brückel, L G Butler, C Guerrero, T T Jäger, G Muhrer, S Scheuren, A Schreyer, S C Vogel, K Zeil

Since their discovery over 90 years ago, neutrons have become one of the premier tools in the study of the structure and dynamics of matter and materials. The main nuclear processes to generate a large number of free neutrons are fusion, fission, and spallation, which have been well established for using neutrons in broad areas of physics, material science, engineering, life sciences, and elsewhere. The vast majority of experiments that use neutrons as a probe require a directional, well-collimated beam of neutrons. Over the years, methods have been developed to deliver such neutron beams sufficiently, but it is still much desired to improve the efficiency of neutron sources. With the advent of high-powered lasers, laser-driven neutron sources suggest an attractive possibility. Laser photons can be converted to neutrons by accelerating particles (electrons, protons, and deuterons) and then either utilize hard x rays from, for example, electron acceleration to create photoneutrons or nuclear reactions, such as deuteron break-up. The maturity of such processes in recent years might have reached a state where such neutron sources are becoming useful and beneficial to the neutron community. In the present report, the current state-of-the-art of a laser-driven neutron source and its future development for neutron applications are presented, and existing sources are described. The basic physical principles of laser-driven neutron production and the current state-of-the-art of production techniques are outlined. The potential developments and the role of such sources in the landscape of neutron sources in the future are critically commented on.

自从90多年前被发现以来,中子已经成为研究物质和材料结构和动力学的主要工具之一。产生大量自由中子的主要核过程是聚变、裂变和散裂,这些过程已经被很好地确立为在物理学、材料科学、工程、生命科学和其他领域广泛使用中子。绝大多数使用中子作为探针的实验都需要定向的、准直的中子束。多年来,已经开发出足够的方法来传输这样的中子束,但仍然非常需要提高中子源的效率。随着高功率激光器的出现,激光驱动的中子源显示出一种诱人的可能性。激光光子可以通过加速粒子(电子、质子和氘核)转化为中子,然后利用电子加速产生的硬x射线来产生光子中子或核反应,比如氘核分裂。近年来,这种过程的成熟可能已经达到了这样一种状态,即这种中子源对中子界变得有用和有益。在本报告中,介绍了激光驱动中子源的最新技术及其在中子应用方面的未来发展,并对现有的源进行了描述。概述了激光驱动中子产生的基本物理原理和生产技术的最新进展。本文对中子源的潜在发展及其在未来中子源研究中的作用进行了评述。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting and understanding the dynamics of blood coagulation on a material's surface: An optical reflectance approach. 检测和理解材料表面血液凝固的动力学:一种光学反射方法。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0303413
Subhashree Mishra, Govinda Chandra Behera, Vignesh Muthuvijayan, Somnath Chanda Roy

Despite the technological advancement in blood-contacting biomedical devices, issues related to thrombosis remain a persistent challenge. These devices not only include implants such as artificial heart valves and stents but also surgical tools and instruments. This makes hemocompatibility an important parameter to be considered before developing any material for a blood-contacting device. The two oldest methods, including the mechanical tilting method and the free-hemoglobin method, lack temporal accuracy and quantitative analysis. Our work gives an accurate and quantitative analysis to measure the blood clotting time of various materials that can be used as implant devices. The system relies on measuring the change of reflectance as blood clots on a surface and measures the clotting time and rate by analyzing the time dependent reflectance curve. The system consists of an automated injection system, a heater and temperature controller, a red laser and polarizer assembly, and a highly sensitive photodetector. As the blood clotting process begins, the sample surface becomes turbid, causing a change in voltage in the detector. The time taken for this "voltage change" corresponds to clotting time. Our system shows a prothrombin time of 12.6 s and an activated partial thromboplastin time of 31.16 s on the PTFE surface, close to the control due to its hydrophobicity. The electronics and device configuration used in our system give a temporal resolution of 5.7 ± 0.6 ms in the clotting time determination. Our design is compact, precise, accurate, and devoid of manual observation and errors.

尽管血液接触生物医学设备的技术进步,与血栓相关的问题仍然是一个持续的挑战。这些设备不仅包括人工心脏瓣膜和支架等植入物,还包括手术工具和器械。这使得血液相容性成为开发任何血液接触装置材料之前要考虑的重要参数。两种最古老的方法,包括机械倾斜法和游离血红蛋白法,缺乏时间准确性和定量分析。我们的工作提供了一个准确和定量的分析,以测量各种材料的血液凝固时间,可以作为植入装置。该系统依靠测量血液在表面凝结时反射率的变化,并通过分析与时间相关的反射率曲线来测量凝结时间和速率。该系统由一个自动注入系统、一个加热器和温度控制器、一个红色激光器和偏振器组件以及一个高灵敏度的光电探测器组成。当血液凝固过程开始时,样品表面变得浑浊,引起检测器电压的变化。这种“电压变化”所花费的时间对应于凝血时间。我们的系统在PTFE表面显示凝血酶原时间为12.6 s,激活部分凝血活酶时间为31.16 s,由于其疏水性,与对照接近。在我们的系统中使用的电子设备和设备配置在凝血时间测定中给出了5.7±0.6 ms的时间分辨率。我们的设计紧凑,精确,准确,没有人工观察和错误。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid and precise temperature control of samples flowing through a capillary from -20 to 130 °C. 快速和精确的温度控制样品流过毛细管从-20至130°C。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0304183
Eli Worth, Valentyn Stadnytskyi, Hyun Sun Cho, Friedrich Schotte, Philip Anfinrud

The focus of this paper is on the development of an apparatus capable of rapid and precise temperature control of liquid samples circulated through a small-bore glass capillary over a range from -20 to 130 °C, with stability better than 10 mK rms. Temperature regulation is achieved by lowering the capillary into a dry gas stream that flows through a narrow slit in a wide aluminum nozzle whose temperature is controlled by two thermoelectric modules (TEMs) that transfer heat between the nozzle and coolant flowing through a heatsink. Rapid thermal equilibration between the capillary and nozzle occurs primarily through conductive heat exchange with the flowing gas. The performance of the temperature controller is well described by a heat-transfer model, with low heat-capacity components enabling fast temperature slew rates. The temperature-control head is compact and can be fitted with customizable apertures suitable for visual access to the capillary and for transmitting focused electromagnetic radiation through it. However, the thermal cycling of the TEMs at high operating temperatures led to the rapid degradation of their cooling capacity. To mitigate this issue, separate low-(∼4 °C), room-, and high-temperature (∼85 °C) coolant reservoirs and pinch valves were used to select the coolant reservoir based on the target temperature, thereby limiting the maximum temperature experienced across the TEMs during thermal cycling and dramatically extending their operational lifetime. This apparatus was designed primarily for temperature-dependent, time-resolved x-ray scattering studies of biomolecules in solution but has also been used in time-resolved spectroscopic investigations.

本文的重点是开发一种装置,能够在-20至130°C的范围内快速精确地控制液体样品通过小口径玻璃毛细管循环,稳定性优于10 mK rms。温度调节是通过将毛细管降低到干燥气流中来实现的,干燥气流流经宽铝喷嘴中的窄缝,该喷嘴的温度由两个热电模块(tem)控制,热电模块在喷嘴和流经散热器的冷却剂之间传递热量。毛细管和喷嘴之间的快速热平衡主要是通过与流动气体的导热热交换来实现的。温度控制器的性能很好地描述了传热模型,具有低热容组件,使快速温度转换率。温度控制头是紧凑的,可以配备定制的孔径,适合于视觉访问毛细管,并通过它传输聚焦的电磁辐射。然而,tem在高温下的热循环导致其冷却能力迅速下降。为了缓解这一问题,使用了单独的低温(~ 4°C)、室温和高温(~ 85°C)冷却液储罐和夹管阀来根据目标温度选择冷却液储罐,从而限制了热循环过程中tem所经历的最高温度,并大大延长了它们的使用寿命。该仪器主要用于溶液中生物分子的温度依赖、时间分辨x射线散射研究,但也用于时间分辨光谱研究。
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引用次数: 0
Cryogenic amplifier with high sensitivity and stability for noise-STM. 用于噪声stm的高灵敏度、高稳定性低温放大器。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0300260
Maialen Ortego Larrazabal, Jiasen Niu, Jian-Feng Ge, Yudai Sato, Jan P Cuperus, Tjerk Benschop, Koen M Bastiaans, Amber Mozes, Ingmar Swart, Milan P Allan

Local shot noise spectroscopy with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has proven to be a powerful technique to investigate the electronic properties of quantum materials. It provides direct and non-invasive insight into the tunneling charge quanta or dynamics at the atomic scale. Due to the typically weak noise signal and the presence of low frequency spurious noise, local noise experiments require a high-resolution measurement amplifier. Here, we present a newly developed high-resolution noise amplifier that we implemented in three different STMs. Compared to our previous generation, we obtain more than a 20-fold improvement in the noise resolution, allowing us to resolve values of the effective charge as small as 0.01e. Our amplifier opens new possibilities for studying electronic properties in novel materials such as d-wave superconductors. In addition to this, it can give direct information about the local electron temperature in STM experiments.

采用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)的局部散粒噪声谱已被证明是研究量子材料电子特性的有力技术。它为原子尺度上的隧穿电荷量子或动力学提供了直接和非侵入性的见解。由于典型的弱噪声信号和低频杂散噪声的存在,局部噪声实验需要高分辨率的测量放大器。在这里,我们提出了一个新开发的高分辨率噪声放大器,我们在三个不同的stm中实现。与上一代相比,我们在噪声分辨率上提高了20倍以上,使我们能够分辨出小至0.01e的有效电荷值。我们的放大器为研究d波超导体等新型材料的电子特性开辟了新的可能性。除此之外,它还可以提供STM实验中局部电子温度的直接信息。
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引用次数: 0
Design and operation of APEX-LD: A compact levitated dipole for a positron-electron experiment. APEX-LD的设计与操作:用于正电子-电子实验的紧凑悬浮偶极子。
IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0311702
A Card, M R Stoneking, A Deller, E V Stenson

The objective of the APEX (A Positron-Electron eXperiment) project is to magnetically confine and study positron-electron pair plasmas. For this purpose, a levitated dipole trap (APEX-LD) has been constructed. The magnetically levitated, compact (7.5-cm radius), closed-loop, high-temperature superconducting floating (F-)coil consists exclusively of a no-insulation rare-earth barium copper oxide winding pack, solder-potted in a gold-plated-copper case. A resealable in-vacuum cryostat facilitates cooling (via helium gas) and inductive charging of the F-coil. The 70-min preparation cycle reliably generates persistent currents of ∼60 kA-turns and an axial magnetic flux density of B0 ≈ 0.5 T. We demonstrate levitation times in excess of 3 h with a vertical stability of σz < 20 μm. Despite being subjected to routine quenches (and occasional mechanical shocks), the F-coil has proven remarkably robust. We present the results of preliminary experiments with electrons and outline the next steps for injecting positron bunches into the device.

正电子实验(APEX)项目的目的是对正电子对等离子体进行磁约束和研究。为此,我们构建了一个悬浮偶极子阱(APEX-LD)。该磁浮,紧凑(半径7.5厘米),闭环,高温超导浮动(F-)线圈完全由一个无绝缘稀土钡氧化铜缠绕包组成,焊接在镀金铜外壳中。可重新密封的真空低温恒温器便于冷却(通过氦气)和f线圈的感应充电。70分钟的制备周期可可靠地产生约60 ka匝的持续电流和B0≈0.5 t的轴向磁通密度。我们证明了悬浮时间超过3小时,垂直稳定性σz < 20 μm。尽管受到常规淬火(和偶尔的机械冲击),f -线圈已被证明非常坚固。我们介绍了电子的初步实验结果,并概述了将正电子束注入装置的下一步步骤。
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引用次数: 0
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