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Efficacy and safety of adoptive T-cell therapy in treating cytomegalovirus infections post-haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 采用 T 细胞疗法治疗造血干细胞移植后巨细胞病毒感染的有效性和安全性:系统综述与荟萃分析。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2558
Mohammad Reza Taherian, Pouya Azarbar, Maryam Barkhordar, Shahin Toufani, Leyla Sharifi Aliabadi, Tanaz Bahri, Mohammad Ahmadvand, Marjan Yaghmaie, Alireza Daneshvar, Mohammad Vaezi

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection poses significant risks in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients. Despite advances in antiviral therapies, issues such as drug resistance, side effects, and inadequate immune reconstitution remain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adoptive cell therapy (ATC) in managing CMV infections in allo-HSCT recipients. Adhering to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive database search through July 2023. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on studies involving HSCT patients with CMV infections treated with ATC. The primary outcome was the response rate to ATC, and secondary outcomes included adverse events associated with ATC. The Freeman-Tukey transformation was applied for analysis. In the meta-analysis of 40 studies involving 953 participants, ATC achieved an overall integrated response rate of 90.16%, with a complete response of 82.59% and a partial response of 22.95%. ATC source, HLA matching, steroid intake, and age group markedly influenced response rates. Donor-derived T-cell treatments exhibited a higher response rate (93.66%) compared to third-party sources (88.94%). HLA-matched patients demonstrated a response rate of 92.90%, while mismatched patients had a lower rate. Children showed a response rate of 83.40%, while adults had a notably higher rate of 98.46%. Adverse events were minimal, with graft-versus-host disease occurring in 24.32% of patients. ATC shows promising response rates in treating CMV infections post-HSCT, with an acceptable safety profile. However, to establish its efficacy conclusively and compare it with other antiviral treatments, randomised controlled trials are essential. Further research should prioritise such trials over observational and one-arm studies to provide robust evidence for clinical decision-making.

巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染给异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)受者带来巨大风险。尽管抗病毒疗法取得了进步,但耐药性、副作用和免疫重建不足等问题依然存在。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估采用细胞疗法(ATC)治疗allo-HSCT受者CMV感染的有效性和安全性。根据系统综述和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目,我们在 2023 年 7 月之前进行了一次全面的数据库检索。系统综述和荟萃分析的对象是接受 ATC 治疗的患有 CMV 感染的造血干细胞移植患者。主要结果是对 ATC 的反应率,次要结果包括与 ATC 相关的不良事件。分析采用了弗里曼-图基转换。在涉及 953 名参与者的 40 项研究的荟萃分析中,ATC 的总体综合应答率为 90.16%,其中完全应答率为 82.59%,部分应答率为 22.95%。ATC来源、HLA配型、类固醇摄入量和年龄组对反应率有明显影响。与第三方来源(88.94%)相比,捐献者来源的 T 细胞治疗显示出更高的反应率(93.66%)。HLA匹配患者的反应率为92.90%,而不匹配患者的反应率较低。儿童的应答率为 83.40%,而成人的应答率明显更高,为 98.46%。不良反应极少,24.32%的患者出现移植物抗宿主疾病。ATC 在治疗 HSCT 后 CMV 感染方面显示出良好的反应率和可接受的安全性。然而,要最终确定其疗效并将其与其他抗病毒治疗方法进行比较,随机对照试验是必不可少的。进一步的研究应优先考虑此类试验,而不是观察性研究和单臂研究,以便为临床决策提供有力的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Neurological manifestations of Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, and Peribunyaviridae as vector-borne viruses. 作为病媒传播病毒的弗拉维病毒科、托加病毒科和佩里布尼亚病毒科的神经系统表现。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2571
Mohammed Alissa, Meshari A Alsuwat, Khalid J Alzahrani

Vector-borne viruses pose a significant health problem worldwide, as they are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks. In recent years, emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases have gained attention as they can cause a wide spectrum of neurological manifestations. The neurological manifestations of vector-borne viruses encompass a board spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild and self-limiting symptoms to severe and life-threatening conditions. Common neurological complications include viral encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, aseptic meningitis, and various neuromuscular disorders. The specific viruses responsible for these neurological sequelae vary by geographic region and include Orthoflavivirus nilense, Zika virus, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of these neurologic complications and highlights the mechanisms by which vector-borne viruses invade the central nervous system and trigger neuroinflammatory responses. Diagnostic challenges and strategies for early detection of neurological manifestations are discussed, emphasising the importance of clinical suspicion and advanced laboratory testing.

病媒传染的病毒通过受感染的节肢动物(如蚊子和蜱虫)叮咬传播给人类,在全球范围内造成了严重的健康问题。近年来,新出现和再次出现的病媒传播疾病引起了人们的关注,因为这些疾病可导致多种神经系统表现。病媒传播病毒的神经系统表现包括一系列临床表现,从轻微的自限性症状到严重的危及生命的病症。常见的神经系统并发症包括病毒性脑炎、急性弛缓性麻痹、无菌性脑膜炎和各种神经肌肉疾病。导致这些神经系统后遗症的特定病毒因地理区域而异,包括无脊椎正黄病毒、寨卡病毒、登革热病毒、基孔肯雅病毒、日本脑炎病毒和蜱传脑炎病毒。本综述重点介绍了这些神经系统并发症的发病机制,并着重阐述了病媒传播的病毒入侵中枢神经系统并引发神经炎症反应的机制。文中还讨论了早期发现神经系统表现的诊断挑战和策略,强调了临床怀疑和先进实验室检测的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Azvudine versus Paxlovid in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 阿兹夫定与 Paxlovid 在 COVID-19 中的对比:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2551
Behnam Amani, Bahman Amani

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of azvudine versus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The researchers conducted searches on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar until January 2024. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was utilised to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and data analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Thirteen studies, including 4949 patients, were analysed. The meta-analysis results showed no significant difference between the azvudine and Paxlovid groups in terms of mortality rate (odds rate [OR] = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-1.21), negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conversion time (standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.52, 95% CI: -1.07-4.11), and hospital stay (SMD = -0.39, 95% CI: -1.12-0.33). However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of intensive care unit admission (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.23-0.75) and the need for mechanical ventilation (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44-0.86) in favour of azvudine. The incidence of adverse events in the azvudine group was significantly lower (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43-0.99). The certainty of evidence was rated as low and moderate. Azvudine and Paxlovid demonstrated similar effectiveness in reducing mortality rates, negative PCR conversion time and hospital stay. However, azvudine showed better effectiveness in improving other outcomes. Regarding the level of certainty of evidence, further research is needed to validate or challenge these results.

这项系统综述和荟萃分析旨在比较阿兹夫定与尼马瑞韦/利托那韦(Paxlovid)治疗2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的有效性和安全性。研究人员在PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Web of Science、medRxiv和Google Scholar上进行了检索,直至2024年1月。研究人员使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具评估了纳入研究的质量,并使用综合元分析软件进行了数据分析。共分析了 13 项研究,包括 4949 名患者。荟萃分析结果显示,阿兹夫定组和帕克洛韦组在死亡率(几率[OR] = 0.84,95% 置信区间[CI]:0.59-1.21)、聚合酶链反应(PCR)阴性转换时间(标准平均差[SMD] = 1.52,95% CI:-1.07-4.11)和住院时间(SMD = -0.39,95% CI:-1.12-0.33)方面无显著差异。然而,在重症监护室入院率(OR = 0.42,95% CI:0.23-0.75)和机械通气需求(OR = 0.61,95% CI:0.44-0.86)方面,两组之间存在明显差异,阿兹夫定更胜一筹。阿兹夫定组的不良反应发生率明显较低(OR = 0.66,95% CI:0.43-0.99)。证据的确定性被评为低度和中度。阿兹夫定和 Paxlovid 在降低死亡率、阴性 PCR 转阴时间和住院时间方面的效果相似。然而,阿兹夫定在改善其他结果方面表现出更好的效果。关于证据的确定性水平,还需要进一步的研究来验证或质疑这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
Association between Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1 and Hodgkin lymphoma LMP-1 mechanisms in Hodgkin lymphoma development. Epstein-Barr 病毒 LMP-1 与霍奇金淋巴瘤之间的关联 LMP-1 在霍奇金淋巴瘤发展中的作用机制
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2561
Leonam Oliver Durval Oliveira, Igor Brasil Costa, Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma

Hodgkin lymphoma is histologically characterised by the presence of Hodgkin (H) and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells originating from germinal centre B-cells rearranged in the IgV gene. The formation of multinucleated RS cells is a product of telomere organisation in a process initiated by telomere aggregate accumulation in mononuclear H cells and may be mediated by latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) expression. LMP-1 is the main oncoprotein of EBV and supports several tumourigenic processes. LMP-1 may rescue proapoptotic B-cells through downregulation of B-cell receptor (BCR) components, mimicking and inducing multiple distinct B-cell signalling pathways to promote proliferation and survival, such as Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), nuclear factor-kappa b (NF-кB), and cellular MYC (c-MYC), and inducing telomere instability mainly through Telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) downregulation to promote the formation of multinucleated RS cells. This review presents recent discoveries regarding the influence of LMP-1 on the surviving cellular signalling, genomic instability and mecanical formation of HRS cells.

霍奇金淋巴瘤的组织学特征是存在霍奇金(H)细胞和里德-斯特恩伯格(RS)细胞,它们起源于IgV基因重排的生殖中心B细胞。多核RS细胞的形成是端粒组织化的产物,这一过程由端粒聚集体在单核H细胞中的聚集开始,并可能由潜伏膜蛋白1(LMP-1)的表达介导。LMP-1 是 EB 病毒的主要致癌蛋白,支持多种致瘤过程。LMP-1 可通过下调 B 细胞受体(BCR)成分、模拟和诱导多种不同的 B 细胞信号通路来促进增殖和存活,如 Janus 激酶-信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK-STAT),从而挽救促凋亡的 B 细胞、核因子-卡巴b(NF-кB)和细胞MYC(c-MYC),并主要通过端粒重复结合因子2(TRF2)下调诱导端粒不稳定性,从而促进多核RS细胞的形成。本综述介绍了有关 LMP-1 对存活的细胞信号、基因组不稳定性和 HRS 细胞机械形成的影响的最新发现。
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引用次数: 0
Liver involvement in dengue: A systematic review. 登革热肝脏受累:系统综述。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2564
Valentine Campana, Catherine Inizan, Jean-David Pommier, Luce Yemadje Menudier, Muriel Vincent, Marc Lecuit, Xavier De Lamballerie, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Bernadette Murgue, André Cabié

Liver involvement is an unusual yet frequently overlooked dengue complication. Pivotal for an efficient clinical management, the early diagnosis of dengue-associated liver involvement relies on an accurate description of its clinical and biological characteristics, its prognosis factors, its association with severe dengue and its clinical management. We conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases for original case reports, cohort and cross-sectional studies reporting the clinical and/or biological features of dengue-associated liver involvement. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021262657). Of the 2552 articles identified, 167 were included. Dengue-associated liver involvement was characterised by clinical features including abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, jaundice, nausea/vomiting, and an echogenic liver exhibiting hepatocellular necrosis and minimal inflammation. Elevated Aspartate Aminotransferase and Alanine Aminotransferase but also elevated bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, increased International Normalised Ratio, creatinine and creatine kinase, lower albumin and prolonged prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time were prevalent in dengue-associated liver involvement. Cardiovascular and haematological systems were frequently affected, translating in a strong association with severe dengue. Liver involvement was more common in males and older adults. It was associated with dengue virus serotype-2 and secondary infections. Early paracetamol intake increased the risk of liver involvement, which clinical management was mostly conservative. In conclusion, this systematic review demonstrates that early monitoring of transaminases, clinical assessment, and ultrasound examination allow an efficient diagnosis of dengue-associated liver involvement, enabling the early identification and management of severe dengue.

肝脏受累是一种不常见但又经常被忽视的登革热并发症。登革热相关肝脏受累的早期诊断对有效的临床治疗至关重要,这依赖于对其临床和生物学特征、预后因素、与重症登革热的关联以及临床治疗的准确描述。我们通过检索 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库,对报告登革热相关肝脏受累的临床和/或生物学特征的原始病例报告、队列和横断面研究进行了系统性综述。该研究已在 PROSPERO(CRD42021262657)上注册。在确定的 2552 篇文章中,有 167 篇被纳入。登革热相关性肝脏受累的临床特征包括腹痛、肝肿大、黄疸、恶心/呕吐、肝脏回声呈肝细胞坏死和轻微炎症。在登革热相关性肝脏受累中,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高,胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶也升高,国际标准化比率、肌酐和肌酸激酶升高,白蛋白降低,凝血酶原和活化部分凝血活酶时间延长。心血管和血液系统经常受到影响,这与重症登革热密切相关。肝脏受累在男性和老年人中更为常见。这与登革热病毒血清 2 型和继发感染有关。过早摄入扑热息痛会增加肝脏受累的风险,而临床治疗多为保守治疗。总之,本系统综述表明,通过早期监测转氨酶、临床评估和超声波检查,可以有效诊断登革热相关肝脏受累,从而及早发现和处理严重的登革热。
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引用次数: 0
What are the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection at birth? A systematic literature review 无症状先天性巨细胞病毒感染患儿的神经发育结局如何?系统性文献综述
IF 11.1 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2555
Angeliki Smyrli, Vishnuga Raveendran, Simone Walter, Waheeda Pagarkar, Nigel Field, Seilesh Kadambari, Hermione Lyall, Heather Bailey
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is among the most common congenital infections globally. Of 85%–90% cCMV‐infected infants without symptoms at birth, 10%–15% develop sequelae, most commonly sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL); their childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes are less well understood. Embase and MEDLINE were searched for publications from 16th September 2016 to 9th February 2024 to identify studies reporting primary data on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with asymptomatic cCMV (AcCMV), measured using assessment tools or as evaluated by the study investigators, clinicians, educators, or parents. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was applied to studies to assess risk of bias. Of 28 studies from 18 mostly high‐income countries, there were 5‐109 children with AcCMV per study and 6/28 had a mean or median age at last follow‐up of ≥5 years. Children with AcCMV had better neurodevelopmental outcomes than children with symptomatic cCMV in 16/19 studies. Of 9/28 studies comparing AcCMV with CMV‐uninfected children, six reported similar outcomes whilst three reported differences limited to measures of full‐scale intelligence and receptive vocabulary among children with AcCMV and SNHL, or more generally in motor impairment. Common limitations of studies for our question were a lack of cCMV‐uninfected controls, heterogeneous definitions of AcCMV, lack of focus on neurodevelopment, selection bias and inadequate follow‐up. There was little evidence of children with AcCMV having worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than CMV‐uninfected children, but this conclusion is limited by study characteristics and quality; findings highlight the need for well‐designed and standardised approaches to investigate long‐term sequelae.
先天性巨细胞病毒(cCMV)是全球最常见的先天性感染之一。85%-90%的巨细胞病毒感染婴儿在出生时无症状,其中10%-15%的婴儿会出现后遗症,最常见的是感音神经性听力损失(SNHL);而他们的儿童神经发育结果则不太清楚。研究人员检索了 Embase 和 MEDLINE 中从 2016 年 9 月 16 日至 2024 年 2 月 9 日的出版物,以确定报告无症状 cCMV(AcCMV)患儿神经发育结局的主要数据的研究,这些数据使用评估工具进行测量,或由研究调查人员、临床医生、教育工作者或家长进行评估。研究采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。在来自 18 个主要是高收入国家的 28 项研究中,每项研究有 5-109 名儿童患有 AcCMV,其中 6/28 项研究最后一次随访的平均年龄或中位年龄≥5 岁。在 16/19 项研究中,AcCMV 患儿的神经发育结果优于无症状 cCMV 患儿。在 9/28 项将 AcCMV 儿童与未感染 CMV 儿童进行比较的研究中,6 项报告了相似的结果,而 3 项报告的差异仅限于 AcCMV 儿童与 SNHL 儿童在全面智力和接受性词汇量方面的测量,或更普遍的运动障碍方面。就我们的问题而言,这些研究的共同局限是缺乏未感染 cCMV 的对照组、AcCMV 的定义不一致、缺乏对神经发育的关注、选择偏差和随访不足。几乎没有证据表明,与未感染 CMV 的儿童相比,AcCMV 患儿的神经发育结果更差,但这一结论受到研究特点和质量的限制;研究结果突出表明,有必要采用精心设计的标准化方法来调查长期后遗症。
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引用次数: 0
Infectious viruses and neurodegenerative diseases: The mitochondrial defect hypothesis 传染性病毒与神经退行性疾病:线粒体缺陷假说
IF 11.1 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2565
Tianshi Jiang, Kaili Zhu, Guangli Kang, Guojun Wu, Lili Wang, Yurong Tan
Global attention is riveted on neurodegenerative diseases due to their unresolved aetiologies and lack of efficacious therapies. Two key factors implicated include mitochondrial impairment and microglial ageing. Several viral infections, including Herpes simplex virus‐1 (HSV‐1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein‐Barr virus, are linked to heightened risk of these disorders. Surprisingly, numerous studies indicate viruses induce these aforementioned precipitating events. Epstein‐Barr virus, Hepatitis C Virus, HIV, respiratory syncytial virus, HSV‐1, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, Zika virus and Enterovirus 71 specifically impact mitochondrial function, leading to mitochondrial malfunction. These vital organelles govern various cell activities and, under specific circumstances, trigger microglial ageing. This article explores the role of viral infections in elucidating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative ailments. Various viruses instigate microglial ageing via mitochondrial destruction, causing senescent microglia to exhibit activated behaviour, thereby inducing neuroinflammation and contributing to neurodegeneration.
由于神经退行性疾病的病因未明,且缺乏有效的治疗方法,全球都在关注这些疾病。其中涉及的两个关键因素包括线粒体损伤和小胶质细胞老化。包括单纯疱疹病毒-1(HSV-1)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和 Epstein-Barr 病毒在内的几种病毒感染与这些疾病的高发风险有关。令人惊讶的是,大量研究表明病毒会诱发上述诱发事件。爱泼斯坦-巴氏病毒、丙型肝炎病毒、艾滋病病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、HSV-1、日本脑炎病毒、寨卡病毒和肠道病毒 71 特别影响线粒体功能,导致线粒体功能失调。这些重要的细胞器控制着细胞的各种活动,并在特定情况下引发小胶质细胞老化。本文探讨了病毒感染在阐明神经退行性疾病发病机制中的作用。各种病毒通过破坏线粒体促使小胶质细胞老化,使衰老的小胶质细胞表现出活化行为,从而诱发神经炎症并导致神经退行性病变。
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引用次数: 0
Global seroprevalence and prevalence of infection of influenza in dogs (Canis familiaris): A systematic review and meta-analysis. 全球犬类流感血清流行率和感染率:系统回顾与荟萃分析。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2542
Char Leung, Amy Nishio King, Phoebe Rosemary Alice Barker, Abdulwahab Dhari Alshallal, Jia Yi Lee, Li Su

Influenza in dogs holds considerable public health significance due to their close companionship with humans, yet several facets of this phenomenon remain largely unexplored. This study undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to gauge the global seroprevalence of influenza in dogs. We also assessed whether pet dogs exhibited a higher seroprevalence of influenza compared to non-pet dogs, explored seasonal variations in seroprevalence, scrutinised the design and reporting standards of existing studies, and elucidated the geographical distribution of canine influenza virus (cIV). A comprehensive analysis of 97 studies spanning 27 countries revealed that seroprevalence of various influenza strains in dogs consistently registered below 10% and exhibited relative stability over the past decade. Significantly, we noted that seroprevalence of human influenza virus was notably higher in pet dogs compared to their non-pet counterparts, whereas seroprevalence of other influenza strains remained relatively uniform among both categories of dogs. Seasonal variations in seroprevalence of cIV were not observed. In summary, our findings indicated the global circulation of cIV strains H3N2 and H3N8, with other strains primarily confined to China. Given the lack of reported cases of the transmission of cIV from dogs to humans, our findings suggest a higher risk of reverse zoonosis than zoonosis. Finally, we strongly advocate for standardised reporting guidelines to underpin future canine influenza research endeavours.

由于狗与人类亲密相伴,因此狗患流感对公共卫生具有重要意义,但这一现象的几个方面在很大程度上仍未得到探讨。本研究对观察性研究进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,以了解全球狗的流感血清流行率。我们还评估了宠物狗与非宠物狗相比是否表现出更高的流感血清流行率,探讨了血清流行率的季节性变化,仔细审查了现有研究的设计和报告标准,并阐明了犬流感病毒(cIV)的地理分布。对横跨 27 个国家的 97 项研究进行的综合分析表明,各种流感病毒株在犬中的血清流行率一直低于 10%,并且在过去十年中表现出相对稳定的状态。值得注意的是,与非宠物狗相比,宠物狗的人流感病毒血清阳性反应率明显较高,而其他流感病毒株的血清阳性反应率在这两类狗中保持相对一致。没有观察到 cIV 血清流行率的季节性变化。总之,我们的研究结果表明,cIV菌株H3N2和H3N8在全球范围内流行,其他菌株主要局限于中国。鉴于没有关于 cIV 从狗传染给人的病例报道,我们的研究结果表明反向人畜共患病的风险高于人畜共患病的风险。最后,我们强烈建议制定标准化的报告指南,以支持未来的犬流感研究工作。
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引用次数: 0
Transmission dynamics, complications and mitigation strategies of the current mpox outbreak: A comprehensive review with bibliometric study. 当前麻疹疫情的传播动态、并发症和缓解策略:全面回顾与文献计量学研究。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2541
Ranjan K Mohapatra, Puneet K Singh, Francesco Branda, Snehasish Mishra, L V Simhachalam Kutikuppala, Tarun K Suvvari, Venkataramana Kandi, Azaj Ansari, Dhruv N Desai, Mubarak Alfaresi, Nawal A Al Kaabi, Mona A Al Fares, Mohammed Garout, Muhammad A Halwani, Mohammed Alissa, Ali A Rabaan

As the mankind counters the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), it simultaneously witnesses the emergence of mpox virus (MPXV) that signals at global spread and could potentially lead to another pandemic. Although MPXV has existed for more than 50 years now with most of the human cases being reported from the endemic West and Central African regions, the disease is recently being reported in non-endemic regions too that affect more than 50 countries. Controlling the spread of MPXV is important due to its potential danger of a global spread, causing severe morbidity and mortality. The article highlights the transmission dynamics, zoonosis potential, complication and mitigation strategies for MPXV infection, and concludes with suggested 'one health' approach for better management, control and prevention. Bibliometric analyses of the data extend the understanding and provide leads on the research trends, the global spread, and the need to revamp the critical research and healthcare interventions. Globally published mpox-related literature does not align well with endemic areas/regions of occurrence which should ideally have been the scenario. Such demographic and geographic gaps between the location of the research work and the endemic epicentres of the disease need to be bridged for greater and effective translation of the research outputs to pubic healthcare systems, it is suggested.

人类在应对新型严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的 COVID-19 大流行的同时,也目睹了 mpox 病毒(MPXV)的出现,它预示着该病毒将在全球蔓延,并有可能导致另一场大流行。虽然 MPXV 已经存在了 50 多年,大多数人类病例都是在西非和中非流行地区报告的,但最近在非流行地区也有报告,影响到 50 多个国家。控制 MPXV 的传播非常重要,因为它有可能在全球蔓延,造成严重的发病率和死亡率。文章重点介绍了 MPXV 感染的传播动态、人畜共患可能性、并发症和缓解策略,最后提出了更好地管理、控制和预防的 "统一健康 "方法。对数据进行的文献计量学分析扩展了对研究趋势、全球传播以及关键研究和医疗保健干预措施改革必要性的认识,并提供了相关线索。全球发表的麻疹相关文献与流行地区/发生区域并不一致,而理想的情况应该是这样。建议弥合研究工作所在地与该疾病流行中心之间的人口和地理差距,以便将研究成果更多、更有效地转化为公共医疗保健系统。
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引用次数: 0
Association between cytomegalovirus infection and neurological disorders: A systematic review. 巨细胞病毒感染与神经系统疾病之间的关系:系统综述。
IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2532
Samira Sanami, Shahnam Shamsabadi, Amir Dayhimi, Mohammad Pirhayati, Sajjad Ahmad, Ahmadreza Pirhayati, Marjan Ajami, Sara Hemati, Masoud Shirvani, Ahmad Alagha, Davood Abbarin, Akram Alizadeh, Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family and is also known as human herpesvirus type 5. It is a common virus that usually doesn't cause any symptoms in healthy individuals. However, once infected, the virus remains in the host's body for life and can reactivate when the host's immune system weakens. This virus has been linked to several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Autism spectrum disorder, Huntington's disease (HD), ataxia, Bell's palsy (BP), and brain tumours, which can cause a wide range of symptoms and challenges for those affected. CMV may influence inflammation, contribute to brain tissue damage, and elevate the risk of moderate-to-severe dementia. Multiple studies suggest a potential association between CMV and ataxia in various conditions, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, acute cerebellitis, etc. On the other hand, the evidence regarding CMV involvement in BP is conflicting, and also early indications of a link between CMV and HD were challenged by subsequent research disproving CMV's presence. This systematic review aims to comprehensively investigate any link between the pathogenesis of CMV and its potential role in neurological disorders and follows the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis checklist. Despite significant research into the potential links between CMV infection and various neurological disorders, the direct cause-effect relationship is not fully understood and several gaps in knowledge persist. Therefore, continued research is necessary to gain a better understanding of the role of CMV in neurological disorders and potential treatment avenues.

巨细胞病毒(CMV)属于疱疹病毒科,又称人类疱疹病毒 5 型。它是一种常见的病毒,通常不会对健康人造成任何症状。但是,一旦感染,病毒就会终生留在宿主体内,当宿主的免疫系统变弱时,病毒就会重新激活。这种病毒与多种神经系统疾病有关,包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、自闭症谱系障碍、亨廷顿氏病(HD)、共济失调、贝尔氏麻痹(BP)和脑肿瘤,会给患者带来各种症状和挑战。CMV 可能会影响炎症反应,导致脑组织损伤,并增加中度至重度痴呆症的风险。多项研究表明,在吉兰-巴雷综合征、慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病、急性小脑炎等多种疾病中,CMV 与共济失调之间存在潜在联系。另一方面,有关 CMV 与 BP 有关的证据却相互矛盾,而且早期关于 CMV 与 HD 之间存在联系的说法也受到了后来证明 CMV 不存在的研究的质疑。本系统综述旨在全面研究 CMV 的发病机制与其在神经系统疾病中的潜在作用之间的任何联系,并遵循系统综述和荟萃分析清单的首选报告项目。尽管对 CMV 感染与各种神经系统疾病之间的潜在联系进行了大量研究,但直接的因果关系尚未完全明了,而且仍存在一些知识空白。因此,有必要继续开展研究,以便更好地了解 CMV 在神经系统疾病中的作用以及潜在的治疗途径。
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引用次数: 0
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Reviews in Medical Virology
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