Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00288
Ranjitha Vasa, O. Muneyyirci-Delale
Objective: Adenomyosis’ impact on obstetrical outcomes is investigated with detailed discussion of plausible pathogenesis. Discussion of management strategies to improve outcomes included. Methods of study: Terms utilized include ‘adenomyosis’, ‘fertility’, ‘ pregnancy’, ‘obstetrical outcomes’, ‘preeclampsia, ‘fetal growth restriction’, ‘preterm labor’, ‘preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, ‘in vitro fertilization, ‘prelabor rupture of membranes’, ‘ultrasound’, ‘small for gestational age’, ‘cesarean section’ Inclusion criteria are English, between January 1990-January 2023, randomized controlled trials, case controls, cohorts, case series, case reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Exclusion criteria are studies/articles completed prior to 1990, non-relevant, and non-English. Results: Limited literature exists evaluating the relationship between adenomyosis impact on obstetrical outcomes. However, amongst available literature there exists statistically significant relationship between adenomyosis and adverse obstetrical, neonatal outcomes such as: ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, pre-eclampsia (PEC), gestational diabetes (GDM), low birth weight (LBW), intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). Proposed physiologic mechanisms include disordered anatomic, functional, and immunological environment in the uterus. Proposed management strategies to improve obstetrical outcomes include removal of focal adenomyotic lesions and pre-treatment with GnRH agonists before conception. Conclusion: Adenomyosis has a multifactorial impact on obstetrical outcomes; treatment modalities do exist to improve the chances of conception and retaining a pregnancy. However, more research is required to not only further substantiate treatment modalities relationship to improve pregnancy; but also to clarify adenomyosis impact on infertility
{"title":"Unraveling the impact of adenomyosis on obstetrical outcomes: a comprehensive review","authors":"Ranjitha Vasa, O. Muneyyirci-Delale","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00288","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Adenomyosis’ impact on obstetrical outcomes is investigated with detailed discussion of plausible pathogenesis. Discussion of management strategies to improve outcomes included. Methods of study: Terms utilized include ‘adenomyosis’, ‘fertility’, ‘ pregnancy’, ‘obstetrical outcomes’, ‘preeclampsia, ‘fetal growth restriction’, ‘preterm labor’, ‘preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, ‘in vitro fertilization, ‘prelabor rupture of membranes’, ‘ultrasound’, ‘small for gestational age’, ‘cesarean section’ Inclusion criteria are English, between January 1990-January 2023, randomized controlled trials, case controls, cohorts, case series, case reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Exclusion criteria are studies/articles completed prior to 1990, non-relevant, and non-English. Results: Limited literature exists evaluating the relationship between adenomyosis impact on obstetrical outcomes. However, amongst available literature there exists statistically significant relationship between adenomyosis and adverse obstetrical, neonatal outcomes such as: ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, pre-eclampsia (PEC), gestational diabetes (GDM), low birth weight (LBW), intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). Proposed physiologic mechanisms include disordered anatomic, functional, and immunological environment in the uterus. Proposed management strategies to improve obstetrical outcomes include removal of focal adenomyotic lesions and pre-treatment with GnRH agonists before conception. Conclusion: Adenomyosis has a multifactorial impact on obstetrical outcomes; treatment modalities do exist to improve the chances of conception and retaining a pregnancy. However, more research is required to not only further substantiate treatment modalities relationship to improve pregnancy; but also to clarify adenomyosis impact on infertility","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130505339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00286
A. Maloku, R. Bejiqi, Aferdita Mustafa, N. Zeka, R. Bejiqi
Background: For more than five decades, the Fontan or Fontan-Kreutzer procedure has been the mainstay treatment for congenital heart disease with a single functioning ventricle. Data concerning epidemiological profiles are poor, especially in countries with limited resources. Here, we present the cases of children with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) born in Kosovo who underwent some forms of Fontan palliation measuring the renal resistive index (RRI) to assess ventricular function and renal complications after the Fontan procedure. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the primary pathology, age, place of surgical intervention, and outcomes of children in Kosovo, a country with limited resources, who underwent the Fontan procedure in different countries. Results: from January 2018 to December 2021, 40 patients (28 male and 12 female) aged 6 to 19 years (mean 6.03 years) after a total Cavo-pulmonary connection were examined for renal insufficiency and thrombotic complications. The renal resistive index (RRI) and hematological parameters were analyzed as criteria for possible early and late complications. Two patients only developed complications in the cohort group. In both cases, the second and third stages of surgery were performed late, at the ages of 12 and 9 years. The first patient manifested a severe form of protein-lousing enteropathy, renal insufficiency, and plastic bronchitis, while the other patient presented with initial signs of protein-lousing enteropathy and recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Conclusion: Survival after Fontan operation in our group was excellent. Survival is closely dependent on the primary diagnosis, associated anomalies, age at palliation, and place of surgery
{"title":"Clinical profile, surgical approach and outcomes of children with Fontan procedure in a country with limited resources","authors":"A. Maloku, R. Bejiqi, Aferdita Mustafa, N. Zeka, R. Bejiqi","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00286","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For more than five decades, the Fontan or Fontan-Kreutzer procedure has been the mainstay treatment for congenital heart disease with a single functioning ventricle. Data concerning epidemiological profiles are poor, especially in countries with limited resources. Here, we present the cases of children with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) born in Kosovo who underwent some forms of Fontan palliation measuring the renal resistive index (RRI) to assess ventricular function and renal complications after the Fontan procedure. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the primary pathology, age, place of surgical intervention, and outcomes of children in Kosovo, a country with limited resources, who underwent the Fontan procedure in different countries. Results: from January 2018 to December 2021, 40 patients (28 male and 12 female) aged 6 to 19 years (mean 6.03 years) after a total Cavo-pulmonary connection were examined for renal insufficiency and thrombotic complications. The renal resistive index (RRI) and hematological parameters were analyzed as criteria for possible early and late complications. Two patients only developed complications in the cohort group. In both cases, the second and third stages of surgery were performed late, at the ages of 12 and 9 years. The first patient manifested a severe form of protein-lousing enteropathy, renal insufficiency, and plastic bronchitis, while the other patient presented with initial signs of protein-lousing enteropathy and recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Conclusion: Survival after Fontan operation in our group was excellent. Survival is closely dependent on the primary diagnosis, associated anomalies, age at palliation, and place of surgery","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00285
E. Howe
As new ethical conundrums arise in obstetrics, providers are ever-increasingly challenged with having to know the best means of resolving these problems since Roe v. Wade was overturned. New ethical challenges have arisen, for example, as to how clinicians should respond when patients would need to travel to another state to get an abortion. A second illustrative example involves minors. In some states in the U.S., these patients legally can request permission from a judge to have an abortion without their having to tell their parents. If these adolescents don’t know this, providers must decide whether they should take initiative to inform them of this possibility and if so, when. This question is still more challenging when these patients, too, live in a state that does not allow them the option of abortion. Providers confronted with ethical problems such as those above may struggle to determine how to best resolve these dilemmas. This piece will review some key and especially more subtle, ethical approaches that providers may face to better resolve them. Initially, I will highlight approaches to resolving ethical outcomes that providers may not know or may overlook. These will include how providers may best apply both core ethical principles and an additional, adjunctive framework, known as the care perspective or ethics of care. I will provide specific examples to illustrate each
{"title":"Current ethical dilemmas in obstetrical practice and some suggestions regarding how to resolve them","authors":"E. Howe","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00285","url":null,"abstract":"As new ethical conundrums arise in obstetrics, providers are ever-increasingly challenged with having to know the best means of resolving these problems since Roe v. Wade was overturned. New ethical challenges have arisen, for example, as to how clinicians should respond when patients would need to travel to another state to get an abortion. A second illustrative example involves minors. In some states in the U.S., these patients legally can request permission from a judge to have an abortion without their having to tell their parents. If these adolescents don’t know this, providers must decide whether they should take initiative to inform them of this possibility and if so, when. This question is still more challenging when these patients, too, live in a state that does not allow them the option of abortion. Providers confronted with ethical problems such as those above may struggle to determine how to best resolve these dilemmas. This piece will review some key and especially more subtle, ethical approaches that providers may face to better resolve them. Initially, I will highlight approaches to resolving ethical outcomes that providers may not know or may overlook. These will include how providers may best apply both core ethical principles and an additional, adjunctive framework, known as the care perspective or ethics of care. I will provide specific examples to illustrate each","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122602104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00284
Teresa Mwoma, Phillip Omondi, S. Mudhune, Erick Auko, Mercy Ongono, L. Njoki, Hellen Kerubo, Jane Wamae, Lou L. Goore, Stephen Okong, Mumma Edelquinn, Ash Rogers
The early childhood period from conception to three years is critical in a child’s health, well-being and brain development. Proper care and stimulation therefore, contributes to a child’s productivity that lasts through childhood to adulthood. It is estimated that globally, 43% of children under five years are at risk of failing to achieve their developmental potential. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), this portion is approximately 66%. The Kenya Demographic Health Survey (KDHS) 2022 revealed that 21% of children in Kenya aged 24-59 months are not developmentally on track. A higher percentage of children in urban (87%) than rural (73%) areas are developmentally on track. The percentage of children developmentally on track increases with increasing mothers’ education from 51% among children whose mothers have no education to 91% among those whose mothers have more than secondary education. The percentage of children developmentally on track also increases with increasing household wealth from 61% among children in the lowest wealth quantile to 93% among those in the highest quantile. This therefore calls for parenting/caregiving programmes that targets parents/caregivers from the lowest household wealth index as well as those with mothers having lowest education levels. Lwala Community Alliance with funding from Comic Relief piloted a Family Centered earlcy childhood development (ECD) program in North Kamagambo ward, Rongo Subcounty, Migori County Kenya in 2021. The long-term goal of the program was to ensure that children under the age of five years reach their developmental potential in a nurturing care environment supported by responsive and sensitive men and women caregivers. The community health volunteers (CHW) through household visitation, group parenting sessions, and facility-based education sessions implemented the program. This was meant to improve outcomes across child health, caregiver support, health worker capacity, and the enabling environment. Building on the success of the pilot, an evaluation and baseline study was conducted to explore the outcome of the pilot intervention and to upscale the program into three new wards in Rongo Subcounty. In order to accomplish this, baseline data was collected in three areas (East Kamagambo, Central Kamagambo and South Kamagambo) where scaling up of the program will happen before commencement of intervention activities. Findings revealed that the primary caregiver plays a critical role in caring for young children during the day by providing care for children’s basic needs. It was noted that households in North Kamagambo introduced complementary foods after the recommended six months as compared to the other three wards where other foods were introduced to babies before six months are over. Findings further revealed that there was a significant increase in knowledge especially on child rights and abuse from baseline, midline and end line in North Kamagambo with 86%, 90% and 91%, respectively. Car
{"title":"Family centered early childhood development: a case of Rongo Subcounty, Migori Kenya","authors":"Teresa Mwoma, Phillip Omondi, S. Mudhune, Erick Auko, Mercy Ongono, L. Njoki, Hellen Kerubo, Jane Wamae, Lou L. Goore, Stephen Okong, Mumma Edelquinn, Ash Rogers","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00284","url":null,"abstract":"The early childhood period from conception to three years is critical in a child’s health, well-being and brain development. Proper care and stimulation therefore, contributes to a child’s productivity that lasts through childhood to adulthood. It is estimated that globally, 43% of children under five years are at risk of failing to achieve their developmental potential. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), this portion is approximately 66%. The Kenya Demographic Health Survey (KDHS) 2022 revealed that 21% of children in Kenya aged 24-59 months are not developmentally on track. A higher percentage of children in urban (87%) than rural (73%) areas are developmentally on track. The percentage of children developmentally on track increases with increasing mothers’ education from 51% among children whose mothers have no education to 91% among those whose mothers have more than secondary education. The percentage of children developmentally on track also increases with increasing household wealth from 61% among children in the lowest wealth quantile to 93% among those in the highest quantile. This therefore calls for parenting/caregiving programmes that targets parents/caregivers from the lowest household wealth index as well as those with mothers having lowest education levels. Lwala Community Alliance with funding from Comic Relief piloted a Family Centered earlcy childhood development (ECD) program in North Kamagambo ward, Rongo Subcounty, Migori County Kenya in 2021. The long-term goal of the program was to ensure that children under the age of five years reach their developmental potential in a nurturing care environment supported by responsive and sensitive men and women caregivers. The community health volunteers (CHW) through household visitation, group parenting sessions, and facility-based education sessions implemented the program. This was meant to improve outcomes across child health, caregiver support, health worker capacity, and the enabling environment. Building on the success of the pilot, an evaluation and baseline study was conducted to explore the outcome of the pilot intervention and to upscale the program into three new wards in Rongo Subcounty. In order to accomplish this, baseline data was collected in three areas (East Kamagambo, Central Kamagambo and South Kamagambo) where scaling up of the program will happen before commencement of intervention activities. Findings revealed that the primary caregiver plays a critical role in caring for young children during the day by providing care for children’s basic needs. It was noted that households in North Kamagambo introduced complementary foods after the recommended six months as compared to the other three wards where other foods were introduced to babies before six months are over. Findings further revealed that there was a significant increase in knowledge especially on child rights and abuse from baseline, midline and end line in North Kamagambo with 86%, 90% and 91%, respectively. Car","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125299326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00283
Yassine Outifa, Kenza Benchaaboune, A. Melhouf, Fatimazahrae Alaoui Fdili
{"title":"Monstrous myoma previa and pregnancy","authors":"Yassine Outifa, Kenza Benchaaboune, A. Melhouf, Fatimazahrae Alaoui Fdili","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134019934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00282
Mohamed Ali Mustafa Khalil, Shamma AlInizi, Angharad Mai James
{"title":"Severe fetal anaemia due to metastatic antenatal choriocarcinoma","authors":"Mohamed Ali Mustafa Khalil, Shamma AlInizi, Angharad Mai James","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130739330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00281
A. C. Ferreira, Inês Pereira Soares, Sara Sousa, Patrícia Ferreira, Daniela Ramos
Background: Umbilical cord hematoma is a rare condition, with mortality rates up to 50%. Most of the literature describes cases with poor prognosis. Case description: In this case, a healthy pregnant woman in labor presented some variable decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitoring ending in sustained bradycardia. An emergency C-section was performed, giving birth to a 40-weeks male newborn with an umbilical cord hematoma until placental insertion and, slightly stump bleeding. Newborn got pale and, had respiratory distress in the first hour of life. He presented transient metabolic acidosis with hyperlacticaemia and, anemia. There was a favorable evolution with supportive therapy. No risk factor was identified and, histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The patient remained asymptomatic and, presented normal neurodevelopment during follow-up. Discussion: This case report aims to demonstrate a good outcome when a high level of suspicion is taken and immediate medical and, surgical interventions are performed
{"title":"Umbilical cord hematoma – a successful case of a non-frequent acute fetal distress etiology","authors":"A. C. Ferreira, Inês Pereira Soares, Sara Sousa, Patrícia Ferreira, Daniela Ramos","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Umbilical cord hematoma is a rare condition, with mortality rates up to 50%. Most of the literature describes cases with poor prognosis. Case description: In this case, a healthy pregnant woman in labor presented some variable decelerations on the fetal heart rate monitoring ending in sustained bradycardia. An emergency C-section was performed, giving birth to a 40-weeks male newborn with an umbilical cord hematoma until placental insertion and, slightly stump bleeding. Newborn got pale and, had respiratory distress in the first hour of life. He presented transient metabolic acidosis with hyperlacticaemia and, anemia. There was a favorable evolution with supportive therapy. No risk factor was identified and, histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The patient remained asymptomatic and, presented normal neurodevelopment during follow-up. Discussion: This case report aims to demonstrate a good outcome when a high level of suspicion is taken and immediate medical and, surgical interventions are performed","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129086623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00280
Mohd Al Uzair, Sharmin Ansar, Mohd Salman Kavish, Akbar Ghani, Ajit Kumar Jaiswal
Background: Exposure to passive smoke due to smoking affects foetus and children. Previous studies have linked this exposure to an increased risk of malnutrition, infant death, respiratory illness and other disorders among infants. The investigation was made to explore the association between stunting of growth and children under 5 years of age who are underweight and are exposed to parental smoking. Exposure to second hand or passive smoke, has adverse impact during pregnancy on the mother as well as the baby. This could include cases of premature birth, birth defects or infant death and respiratory problems among the children. This study discusses the current evidence regarding the effects of parental smoking on their children's health in Uttar Pradesh. Methods: Parental smoking, and child anthropometry (undernutrition) were examined in a stratified, two-stage cluster sample of 232,920 kids under the age of 5 from National Family Health Survey (2015-16), out of which 35,766 were selected in the study from Uttar Pradesh. Prominent outcomes were that of stunting of growth and a proclivity in children towards remaining underweight. Results: Prevalence of parental smoking was found in 38.28% of households in Uttar Pradesh. Using the new World Health Organization child growth standards, prevalence of stunted growth, and underweight children was found in 39.34%, 31.15% of the households respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders parental (couple) smoking was associated with increased risk of stunting (AOR 1.17, 95%CI 1.0-1.37, p<0.05), and underweight children (AOR 1.09, 95%CI 0.93-1.28). Conclusion: In Uttar Pradesh, parental smoking is associated with birth factors nutritional status and may divert household funds from food and other necessities towards smoking habits. Parental smoking was also associated with increased risk of stunting of growth and underweight children in the children. The result also suggests that strategies to prevent passive smoke exposure in young children to minimize tobacco smoke exposure are an urgent public and child health priority
{"title":"Nutritional status of children and its association with parental smoking in Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Mohd Al Uzair, Sharmin Ansar, Mohd Salman Kavish, Akbar Ghani, Ajit Kumar Jaiswal","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00280","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exposure to passive smoke due to smoking affects foetus and children. Previous studies have linked this exposure to an increased risk of malnutrition, infant death, respiratory illness and other disorders among infants. The investigation was made to explore the association between stunting of growth and children under 5 years of age who are underweight and are exposed to parental smoking. Exposure to second hand or passive smoke, has adverse impact during pregnancy on the mother as well as the baby. This could include cases of premature birth, birth defects or infant death and respiratory problems among the children. This study discusses the current evidence regarding the effects of parental smoking on their children's health in Uttar Pradesh. Methods: Parental smoking, and child anthropometry (undernutrition) were examined in a stratified, two-stage cluster sample of 232,920 kids under the age of 5 from National Family Health Survey (2015-16), out of which 35,766 were selected in the study from Uttar Pradesh. Prominent outcomes were that of stunting of growth and a proclivity in children towards remaining underweight. Results: Prevalence of parental smoking was found in 38.28% of households in Uttar Pradesh. Using the new World Health Organization child growth standards, prevalence of stunted growth, and underweight children was found in 39.34%, 31.15% of the households respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders parental (couple) smoking was associated with increased risk of stunting (AOR 1.17, 95%CI 1.0-1.37, p<0.05), and underweight children (AOR 1.09, 95%CI 0.93-1.28). Conclusion: In Uttar Pradesh, parental smoking is associated with birth factors nutritional status and may divert household funds from food and other necessities towards smoking habits. Parental smoking was also associated with increased risk of stunting of growth and underweight children in the children. The result also suggests that strategies to prevent passive smoke exposure in young children to minimize tobacco smoke exposure are an urgent public and child health priority","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115693959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00279
Velázquez Perez Guadalupe, Gilberto Espinoza Anrubio, Ivonne Analí Roy Garcia, R. Rivas Ruiz, Angélica Elizabeth Garcia Perez, Ruth Ramirez Fuentevilla
Bringing a new being into the world is a relevant and transcendent event in a woman's life, which will be marked for the rest of her life. However, it can be experienced as a painful and traumatic experience. Objective: Analyze the most effective actions to improve the quality of humanized delivery care in low-risk pregnant women in hospitals of 1st and 2nd level of care. Methodology: A narrative review was carried out that includes a critical, reflective analysis of humanized childbirth. The review of: original articles, revision of doctoral and master's theses was carried out. The adopted search strategy included keywords or descriptors, connected by means of the boolean operator and. The keywords used were "humanization", "delivery", "human needs", and breastfeeding, these being identified through Medical Subject Headings 2020 Serach MeSH, in this way the referred articles, descriptors in language were used for the search. Spanish and English. The search was carried out in various databases. Information collection time 6 months, (August 2022 to February 2023). Results: The review allowed us to analyze in a standardized way the historical evolution of humanized childbirth and the transcultural significance that it represents and to a large extent to be carried out, and how it will reinforce the multidisciplinary health team that cares for women in this process, to offer different strategies. to be this stage an unforgettable and humanistic experience that you will never forget. Conclusions: Humanized childbirth is translated into a birth with a humanistic character which includes: the prenatal stage, labor, delivery and the puerperium, where the protagonists are the pregnant woman and the newborn, receiving dignified, free treatment. of violence and based on human and ethical rights
{"title":"Humanized childbirth, a link to humanitarian treatment, synonymous with quality obstetric care at the 1st level of care in Mexico","authors":"Velázquez Perez Guadalupe, Gilberto Espinoza Anrubio, Ivonne Analí Roy Garcia, R. Rivas Ruiz, Angélica Elizabeth Garcia Perez, Ruth Ramirez Fuentevilla","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00279","url":null,"abstract":"Bringing a new being into the world is a relevant and transcendent event in a woman's life, which will be marked for the rest of her life. However, it can be experienced as a painful and traumatic experience. Objective: Analyze the most effective actions to improve the quality of humanized delivery care in low-risk pregnant women in hospitals of 1st and 2nd level of care. Methodology: A narrative review was carried out that includes a critical, reflective analysis of humanized childbirth. The review of: original articles, revision of doctoral and master's theses was carried out. The adopted search strategy included keywords or descriptors, connected by means of the boolean operator and. The keywords used were \"humanization\", \"delivery\", \"human needs\", and breastfeeding, these being identified through Medical Subject Headings 2020 Serach MeSH, in this way the referred articles, descriptors in language were used for the search. Spanish and English. The search was carried out in various databases. Information collection time 6 months, (August 2022 to February 2023). Results: The review allowed us to analyze in a standardized way the historical evolution of humanized childbirth and the transcultural significance that it represents and to a large extent to be carried out, and how it will reinforce the multidisciplinary health team that cares for women in this process, to offer different strategies. to be this stage an unforgettable and humanistic experience that you will never forget. Conclusions: Humanized childbirth is translated into a birth with a humanistic character which includes: the prenatal stage, labor, delivery and the puerperium, where the protagonists are the pregnant woman and the newborn, receiving dignified, free treatment. of violence and based on human and ethical rights","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130716741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2023.09.00278
P. Jose, Solai Ganesh, A. A, Peter Prasanth Kumar Kommu
Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders caused by mutations in one of the several enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis or breakdown. GSD VI is caused by mutations of PYGL gene encoding hepatic glycogen phosphorylase on chromosome 14q22.1, which has a major role in glycogen metabolism. We report a case of 2year old girl child presented with complaints of slowly progressive abdominal distention of one year duration. Abdominal examination revealed hepatomegaly (liver span 9cm). Lab investigations revealed mild anemia, hypertriglyceridemia and normal liver function. Liver biopsy showed marked elevation of glycogen content in liver with structurally normal glycogen which was consistent with GSD. Sanger sequencing done to identify the subtype of GSD showed PYGL gene mutation, pathogenic variant of type-VIGSD. In the case of isolated hepatomegaly, a glycogen storage disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis and Sanger sequencing must be done for confirmation and prognostication
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