Pub Date : 2022-01-20DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00252
Jacqueline M. Kituku, Teresa Mwoma, J. Gitome, Newton Kahumbi, Priscila Ndegwa, M. Mainah, J. Bagelman
Respectful maternity care is where women are accorded the freedom to make informed choices, protects them from any form of harm and harassment, provides continuous support during labour and child birth and also upholds their privacy, confidentiality and dignity. Previous studies have demonstrated that any care deemed to disrespect the woman may henceforth determine her care seeking behaviour. In the lacuna created by some forms of disrespect of women of child bearing age in the healthcare system, some women may seek alternative care from traditional birth attendants, who are neither skilled nor able to promptly recognize, manage or refer complications arising during pregnancy, labour, child birth and puerperium. Globally, the high maternal mortality rate is associated with preventable complications which occur during pregnancy, labour, child birth and the puerperium, with those who encounter near misses or who narrowly survive death, end up suffering lifelong disability which affects their quality of life. Services offered by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) continue to be sort by a few women of reproductive age in both rural and urban settings including Dadaab, despite the availability of both public and private health facilities. TBAs are preferred among the Somali community as they are deemed to offer a type of care that is regarded as being respectable to the woman and her family as well as being aligned to their culture and religion. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the perspectives of the Somali community residing in Dadaab refugee camps on respectful maternal care. A qualitative study was conducted at Ifo refugee camp in Dadaab, where three TBAs, two save mothers, two married men and two expectant women were interviewed. Two focused group discussions were conducted among the men and pregnant women. The TBAs and the save mothers were interviewed. The TBAs were also video recorded as they performed some of their activities. Data was coded, categorized into thematic areas and the content was analyzed. The findings demonstrated that TBAs and save mothers accorded the women both social and psychological support during pregnancy, child birth, and postnatal period, and treated them with respect. They accompanied the mother throughout the labour and childbirth and gave her so much encouragement. The findings further revealed that cultural beliefs and practices such as prayer, disposal of the placenta and the gender of the care provider, play a big role in maternal care of the women. The placenta is valued as a significant part of the woman’s body and thus has to be buried according to their culture, as opposed to it being disposed of after giving birth in a health facility. Respectful maternal care should be accorded to all women irrespective of their background and should also be culturally sensitive
{"title":"Respectful maternal care and by who? perspectives of Somali community at IFO refugee Camp, Dadaab, Kenya","authors":"Jacqueline M. Kituku, Teresa Mwoma, J. Gitome, Newton Kahumbi, Priscila Ndegwa, M. Mainah, J. Bagelman","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00252","url":null,"abstract":"Respectful maternity care is where women are accorded the freedom to make informed choices, protects them from any form of harm and harassment, provides continuous support during labour and child birth and also upholds their privacy, confidentiality and dignity. Previous studies have demonstrated that any care deemed to disrespect the woman may henceforth determine her care seeking behaviour. In the lacuna created by some forms of disrespect of women of child bearing age in the healthcare system, some women may seek alternative care from traditional birth attendants, who are neither skilled nor able to promptly recognize, manage or refer complications arising during pregnancy, labour, child birth and puerperium. Globally, the high maternal mortality rate is associated with preventable complications which occur during pregnancy, labour, child birth and the puerperium, with those who encounter near misses or who narrowly survive death, end up suffering lifelong disability which affects their quality of life. Services offered by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) continue to be sort by a few women of reproductive age in both rural and urban settings including Dadaab, despite the availability of both public and private health facilities. TBAs are preferred among the Somali community as they are deemed to offer a type of care that is regarded as being respectable to the woman and her family as well as being aligned to their culture and religion. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the perspectives of the Somali community residing in Dadaab refugee camps on respectful maternal care. A qualitative study was conducted at Ifo refugee camp in Dadaab, where three TBAs, two save mothers, two married men and two expectant women were interviewed. Two focused group discussions were conducted among the men and pregnant women. The TBAs and the save mothers were interviewed. The TBAs were also video recorded as they performed some of their activities. Data was coded, categorized into thematic areas and the content was analyzed. The findings demonstrated that TBAs and save mothers accorded the women both social and psychological support during pregnancy, child birth, and postnatal period, and treated them with respect. They accompanied the mother throughout the labour and childbirth and gave her so much encouragement. The findings further revealed that cultural beliefs and practices such as prayer, disposal of the placenta and the gender of the care provider, play a big role in maternal care of the women. The placenta is valued as a significant part of the woman’s body and thus has to be buried according to their culture, as opposed to it being disposed of after giving birth in a health facility. Respectful maternal care should be accorded to all women irrespective of their background and should also be culturally sensitive","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126683673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2021.07.00250
M. Eltayeb, Abdelkhalig Mustafa
Objective: To determine the role of pathological cardiotocography in evaluating the fetal well-being. Methods: This is cross sectional hospital-based study. Results Our study included 100 with abnormal CTG, 72 (72%) of them were intrapartum and classified as pathological CTG, and 28 patients had their CTG during antenatal periods (Non-stress test), all of these 28 patients, were delivered by C/S (100%), with 25 (89.2%) babies cried immediately and 3(10.7%) cried after resuscitation, their Apgar scores at 1minute was >8 in 25(89.2%) babies. Out of 72 intrapartum pathological CTG, 59(81.9) were delivered by C/S, 8 (11.1%) by Instrumental delivery and 5 (6.9%) through NVD, 21 (29.1%) of babies cried immediately, 46(63.8%) cried after resuscitation and 5(6.9%) their outcome was early neonatal deaths. Conclusion: CTG found to be important in evaluating the fetal well-being. Adjunctive methods are required to improve the sensitivity and specificity of fetal monitoring.
{"title":"Fetal outcome in pathological cardiotocography (CTG), omdurman maternity hospital","authors":"M. Eltayeb, Abdelkhalig Mustafa","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2021.07.00250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2021.07.00250","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the role of pathological cardiotocography in evaluating the fetal well-being. Methods: This is cross sectional hospital-based study. Results Our study included 100 with abnormal CTG, 72 (72%) of them were intrapartum and classified as pathological CTG, and 28 patients had their CTG during antenatal periods (Non-stress test), all of these 28 patients, were delivered by C/S (100%), with 25 (89.2%) babies cried immediately and 3(10.7%) cried after resuscitation, their Apgar scores at 1minute was >8 in 25(89.2%) babies. Out of 72 intrapartum pathological CTG, 59(81.9) were delivered by C/S, 8 (11.1%) by Instrumental delivery and 5 (6.9%) through NVD, 21 (29.1%) of babies cried immediately, 46(63.8%) cried after resuscitation and 5(6.9%) their outcome was early neonatal deaths. Conclusion: CTG found to be important in evaluating the fetal well-being. Adjunctive methods are required to improve the sensitivity and specificity of fetal monitoring.","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131987854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-08DOI: 10.15406/IPCB.2018.04.00073
Syed Nawaz Ahmad, R. Aggarwal
Abstract Surgical site infection (SSI) is a healthcare-associated infection where wound infection occurs after an invasive surgical procedure. It may vary from a spontaneously limited wound discharge occurring within 7—days of the operative procedure to a life-threatening postoperative complication like septicemia or endotoxic shock. Although SSI rates vary between countries and geographical regions, they represent an important problem, with a significantly higher burden in developing countries. Many factors starting from preoperative work-up and lasting beyond discharge of the patient from the hospital have been identified as contributing to the risk of SSI. Therefore, the prevention of these infections is complex and requires the integration of a range of preventive measures in the pre-, intra- and postoperative phases of care. The financial consequences of SSI are substantial. Strategies to decrease SSI are multimodal and ensuring high compliance with these risk-reduction strategies is crucial to the success of SSI reduction efforts. Keywords: Surgical site infection; Disinfection; Surgical scrub; Antibiotic prophylaxis
{"title":"Surgical Site Infection Prevention","authors":"Syed Nawaz Ahmad, R. Aggarwal","doi":"10.15406/IPCB.2018.04.00073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IPCB.2018.04.00073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Surgical site infection (SSI) is a healthcare-associated infection where wound infection occurs after an invasive surgical procedure. It may vary from a spontaneously limited wound discharge occurring within 7—days of the operative procedure to a life-threatening postoperative complication like septicemia or endotoxic shock. Although SSI rates vary between countries and geographical regions, they represent an important problem, with a significantly higher burden in developing countries. Many factors starting from preoperative work-up and lasting beyond discharge of the patient from the hospital have been identified as contributing to the risk of SSI. Therefore, the prevention of these infections is complex and requires the integration of a range of preventive measures in the pre-, intra- and postoperative phases of care. The financial consequences of SSI are substantial. Strategies to decrease SSI are multimodal and ensuring high compliance with these risk-reduction strategies is crucial to the success of SSI reduction efforts. Keywords: Surgical site infection; Disinfection; Surgical scrub; Antibiotic prophylaxis","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129079928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00261
N. Gupta
{"title":"Persistent left superior vena cava –a benign or a sinister finding in fetal life-a review","authors":"N. Gupta","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131000156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00258
B. Varghese, Somen Saha
The WHO endorsed safe childbirth checklist (SCC) intervention was implemented in Rajasthan state of India to support delivery of essential maternal and newborn care practices. As part of the evaluation study we assessed the cost-effectiveness of the SCC program in reducing facility-based stillbirths (SBs) and very early neonatal deaths (vENDs, deaths within three-days after birth) and assessed the cost per life-years saved (LYS). For a cohort of 100,000 births, the incremental provider cost of the SCC intervention was US $ 1.03 million and the intervention would avert 274 deaths and will save 16,456 life years (assuming a life expectancy of 60 years). This translates to a unit cost of USD 3,783 per death averted or US $63 per LYS. This is a highly cost-effective intervention in averting facility-based stillbirths and very early neonatal deaths.
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of the safe childbirth checklist program to improve birth outcomes in India","authors":"B. Varghese, Somen Saha","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00258","url":null,"abstract":"The WHO endorsed safe childbirth checklist (SCC) intervention was implemented in Rajasthan state of India to support delivery of essential maternal and newborn care practices. As part of the evaluation study we assessed the cost-effectiveness of the SCC program in reducing facility-based stillbirths (SBs) and very early neonatal deaths (vENDs, deaths within three-days after birth) and assessed the cost per life-years saved (LYS). For a cohort of 100,000 births, the incremental provider cost of the SCC intervention was US $ 1.03 million and the intervention would avert 274 deaths and will save 16,456 life years (assuming a life expectancy of 60 years). This translates to a unit cost of USD 3,783 per death averted or US $63 per LYS. This is a highly cost-effective intervention in averting facility-based stillbirths and very early neonatal deaths.","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129862876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00269
Kasonde Chanda, Liang Sheng Lian, Gulidiya Abulikem, Kong Yi Yan, Chen Yun Xia, Y. Yan
Cervical cerclage placement procedure is one of the important approaches in the management of cervical insufficiency to prevent miscarriages and preterm labor. The purpose of this report was to show the importance of second transvaginal cervical cerclage placement in failed first emergency transvaginal cervical cerclage placement to prolong the gestation age towards term, thereby increasing fetal survival, prevent miscarriages and preterm births
{"title":"Second emergency transvaginal cerclage placement for the management of inevitable abortion: a case report","authors":"Kasonde Chanda, Liang Sheng Lian, Gulidiya Abulikem, Kong Yi Yan, Chen Yun Xia, Y. Yan","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00269","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cerclage placement procedure is one of the important approaches in the management of cervical insufficiency to prevent miscarriages and preterm labor. The purpose of this report was to show the importance of second transvaginal cervical cerclage placement in failed first emergency transvaginal cervical cerclage placement to prolong the gestation age towards term, thereby increasing fetal survival, prevent miscarriages and preterm births","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131241026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00260
Aditi Aditi, A. Jaiswal, Arish Qamar
Background: World Health Organization universally recommends colostrum, a mother's first milk or the 'very first food' as perfect for every newborn. It has long-term health benefits associated with both the mother and child. Maternal benefits of breastfeeding include faster involution of the uterus and a lower risk of hemorrhage after birth. Caesarean mothers facing difficulty breastfeeding within an hour post child birth is a rising primary concern for medical professionals worldwide. Objectives: This aspect in the periphery of the C-section needs the specific aim of the study; these proximately affect maternal health. The paper aims to examine the difference in prevalence between C-sections and normal delivery on colostrum feeding practiced by women. Methods: The data used was of fourth round of National Family Health Survey (2015-16). Bivariate and multivariate techniques have been carried out to know the difference in the prevalence of colostrum feeding among mothers giving birth by both types of delivery. Conclusions: We found that women who delivered via C-section had a lower prevalence of feeding colostrum to the newborn than those who delivered normally. A significant, around 15 percentage point difference was found between both the types. Findings suggest that surgical delivery, unless necessary, should be discouraged. It will be quite effective in addressing the delay in colostrum feeding problem
{"title":"Gap in breast feeding practices between caesarean and normal deliveries","authors":"Aditi Aditi, A. Jaiswal, Arish Qamar","doi":"10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ipcb.2022.08.00260","url":null,"abstract":"Background: World Health Organization universally recommends colostrum, a mother's first milk or the 'very first food' as perfect for every newborn. It has long-term health benefits associated with both the mother and child. Maternal benefits of breastfeeding include faster involution of the uterus and a lower risk of hemorrhage after birth. Caesarean mothers facing difficulty breastfeeding within an hour post child birth is a rising primary concern for medical professionals worldwide. Objectives: This aspect in the periphery of the C-section needs the specific aim of the study; these proximately affect maternal health. The paper aims to examine the difference in prevalence between C-sections and normal delivery on colostrum feeding practiced by women. Methods: The data used was of fourth round of National Family Health Survey (2015-16). Bivariate and multivariate techniques have been carried out to know the difference in the prevalence of colostrum feeding among mothers giving birth by both types of delivery. Conclusions: We found that women who delivered via C-section had a lower prevalence of feeding colostrum to the newborn than those who delivered normally. A significant, around 15 percentage point difference was found between both the types. Findings suggest that surgical delivery, unless necessary, should be discouraged. It will be quite effective in addressing the delay in colostrum feeding problem","PeriodicalId":211817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124544683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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