Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617441
Vibhor Binzlekar, Saurabh Singh, S. Agarwal
A miniature Vivaldi antenna with high gain and ultrawideband (UWB) characteristics is presented in this paper by etching grooves coupled with meandered unit cells. Further, slots at the aperture and the Artificial Material Lens (AML) at the CVA's flank are used to boost the gain over the wider frequency band. The designed antenna has almost endfire radiation patterns, a peak realized gain of 10 dBi and an average gain of more than 4.8 dBi over the complete range. This gives a gain improvement of up to 2.5 dB over the conventional Vivaldi antenna in the operating range of 4.7 to 12.3 GHz with return loss $(vert mathrm{S}11vert)$ below -10 dB. The antenna has been designed over a low-price FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm (65 mm x 40 mm) which makes it an interesting candidate for different imaging / RFID applications.
{"title":"A High Gain, UWB Vivaldi Antenna Loaded With Unit Cells for Imaging /RFID Applications","authors":"Vibhor Binzlekar, Saurabh Singh, S. Agarwal","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617441","url":null,"abstract":"A miniature Vivaldi antenna with high gain and ultrawideband (UWB) characteristics is presented in this paper by etching grooves coupled with meandered unit cells. Further, slots at the aperture and the Artificial Material Lens (AML) at the CVA's flank are used to boost the gain over the wider frequency band. The designed antenna has almost endfire radiation patterns, a peak realized gain of 10 dBi and an average gain of more than 4.8 dBi over the complete range. This gives a gain improvement of up to 2.5 dB over the conventional Vivaldi antenna in the operating range of 4.7 to 12.3 GHz with return loss $(vert mathrm{S}11vert)$ below -10 dB. The antenna has been designed over a low-price FR4 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm (65 mm x 40 mm) which makes it an interesting candidate for different imaging / RFID applications.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133538489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617363
L. Catarinucci, F. Chietera, R. Colella
RFID continues to offer exciting possibilities for numerous activities, both of mere application of the technology as well as of advanced research. This paper is focused on the research activities developed in the past couple of years at the University of Salento, where RFID technology has been studied since when the UHF band was licensed.In particular, this paper deals with the sole activities linked to 3D printing in RFID, with evidence of recent advances in the state of the art which have enabled, among the others, themes ranging from fully-3D-printed RFID tags, free-form-factor flexible substrates for platform-tolerant tags, and Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) for higher frequency RFID-inspired backscattering communication.
{"title":"Recent Activities in Rfid Applications Empowered by 3D Printing at UniSalento","authors":"L. Catarinucci, F. Chietera, R. Colella","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617363","url":null,"abstract":"RFID continues to offer exciting possibilities for numerous activities, both of mere application of the technology as well as of advanced research. This paper is focused on the research activities developed in the past couple of years at the University of Salento, where RFID technology has been studied since when the UHF band was licensed.In particular, this paper deals with the sole activities linked to 3D printing in RFID, with evidence of recent advances in the state of the art which have enabled, among the others, themes ranging from fully-3D-printed RFID tags, free-form-factor flexible substrates for platform-tolerant tags, and Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) for higher frequency RFID-inspired backscattering communication.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133957746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617383
H. Ezzeddine, J. Huillery, A. Bréard, Y. Duroc
In this paper, we propose a waveform design methodology for ultra high frequency radio frequency identification (UHF RFID) systems based on the quantitative analysis of the backscattered signal. This latter is leveraged to probe the wireless propagation channel, allocate power accordingly to frequency components, and design channel-adaptive multisine signals. UHF RFID system performance is evaluated based on the harvested DC voltage at the output of the rectifying circuit of the RFID tag. To this end, a flexible hybrid simulation model with modular architecture is developed via the ANSYS platform to study UHF RFID system performance. Simulation results show that the designed waveforms provide an improved energetic efficiency especially in highly reflective environments.
{"title":"A Waveform Design Methodology for UHF RFID Systems: A Hybrid Simulation Approach","authors":"H. Ezzeddine, J. Huillery, A. Bréard, Y. Duroc","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617383","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a waveform design methodology for ultra high frequency radio frequency identification (UHF RFID) systems based on the quantitative analysis of the backscattered signal. This latter is leveraged to probe the wireless propagation channel, allocate power accordingly to frequency components, and design channel-adaptive multisine signals. UHF RFID system performance is evaluated based on the harvested DC voltage at the output of the rectifying circuit of the RFID tag. To this end, a flexible hybrid simulation model with modular architecture is developed via the ANSYS platform to study UHF RFID system performance. Simulation results show that the designed waveforms provide an improved energetic efficiency especially in highly reflective environments.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131228521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617429
Alejandro Gil-Martínez, M. Poveda-García, J. García-Fernández, D. Cañete-Rebenaque, J. Gómez-Tornero
We demonstrate the design of frequency-scanning monopulse leaky-wave antennas in planar technology, which can be used for low-cost direction finding in passive UHF RFID systems. It is highlighted the importance of the selected material, providing guidelines to cover a certain field of view. We report a 120° coverage using a high-permittivity substrate, and hopping between RFID channels from 902 to 928 MHz.
{"title":"Design of passive beam-scanning monopulse leaky-wave antennas for direction finding in UHF RFID","authors":"Alejandro Gil-Martínez, M. Poveda-García, J. García-Fernández, D. Cañete-Rebenaque, J. Gómez-Tornero","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617429","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the design of frequency-scanning monopulse leaky-wave antennas in planar technology, which can be used for low-cost direction finding in passive UHF RFID systems. It is highlighted the importance of the selected material, providing guidelines to cover a certain field of view. We report a 120° coverage using a high-permittivity substrate, and hopping between RFID channels from 902 to 928 MHz.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132232083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617245
Demba Ba, I. Dioum, Y. Duroc
The RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is evolving strongly with the emergence of cognitive sensor networks and notably the Internet of Things. A significant indicator of this evolution is that the tags are equipped with new capabilities and functions such as more powerful sensors, actuators, etc. This evolution of the RFID requires more energy consumption, and the continued passive nature of tags could be threated. Indeed, the tag needs more and more energy, and the energy received from the only reader can be insufficient. To address this issue, the proposed concept is to exploit the reflected energy by the tags near to the “target” tag. In this paper, we develop the associated theory for far-field conditions. The theoretical development is illustrated and the impact of the relative position between the tags on the total energy captured by the “target” tag is emphasized.
{"title":"Wireless Power Transfer of Passive UHF RFID Uplink in the Case of Tags Network","authors":"Demba Ba, I. Dioum, Y. Duroc","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617245","url":null,"abstract":"The RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is evolving strongly with the emergence of cognitive sensor networks and notably the Internet of Things. A significant indicator of this evolution is that the tags are equipped with new capabilities and functions such as more powerful sensors, actuators, etc. This evolution of the RFID requires more energy consumption, and the continued passive nature of tags could be threated. Indeed, the tag needs more and more energy, and the energy received from the only reader can be insufficient. To address this issue, the proposed concept is to exploit the reflected energy by the tags near to the “target” tag. In this paper, we develop the associated theory for far-field conditions. The theoretical development is illustrated and the impact of the relative position between the tags on the total energy captured by the “target” tag is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129566010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617358
Chaodong Jiang, C. I. Wong, Chi‐Hou Chio, K. Tam, Wai‐Wa Choi, Cheng Teng, P. Lau
In this paper, a home-based wireless motion capture monitoring system for graded Range of Motion (ROM) Arc device of shoulder rehabilitation using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) at 920 MHz is proposed to realize self-service rehabilitation from 0 degrees to 180 degrees. This device applies to emerging 5G telemedicine, eliminating the need for manual monitoring. Using an array of 11 passive UHF RFID tag’s, each tag is labeled and represents a 15-degree angle along the arc. The tag’s Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) variations from tag backscattering response are used to determine the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion. An experimental prototype with the user interface is built based on conventional ROM, where the patient’s shoulder motion can be automatically captured for further analysis by a therapist. From the experiment, we determined the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion mapping average 35 dB RSSI variation from -80 dBm (with full hand contact) to -45 dBm (without hand contact) averaged.
{"title":"A Wireless Motion Capture System for Shoulder Rehabilitation based on RFID Passive Tag Antenna Array","authors":"Chaodong Jiang, C. I. Wong, Chi‐Hou Chio, K. Tam, Wai‐Wa Choi, Cheng Teng, P. Lau","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617358","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a home-based wireless motion capture monitoring system for graded Range of Motion (ROM) Arc device of shoulder rehabilitation using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) at 920 MHz is proposed to realize self-service rehabilitation from 0 degrees to 180 degrees. This device applies to emerging 5G telemedicine, eliminating the need for manual monitoring. Using an array of 11 passive UHF RFID tag’s, each tag is labeled and represents a 15-degree angle along the arc. The tag’s Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) variations from tag backscattering response are used to determine the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion. An experimental prototype with the user interface is built based on conventional ROM, where the patient’s shoulder motion can be automatically captured for further analysis by a therapist. From the experiment, we determined the degree of the patient’s shoulder motion mapping average 35 dB RSSI variation from -80 dBm (with full hand contact) to -45 dBm (without hand contact) averaged.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122256539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617266
Jun Tan, M. Sathyamurthy, Hani Abdullah, Jonathan Gamez, Bjoern Bieske, B. Saft, Martin Grabmann, J. Nowak, Sylvo Jäger, Eric Schäfer
This paper presents the design of a fully passive 865MHz to 867MHz UHF RFID to $I^{2}$C Bridge IC with an integrated $I^{2}$C master for external digital sensor communications. To provide energy for external devices operation such as sensors, microcontrollers and memories, a Power Storage Unit (PSU) is directly integrated within the IC with an external capacitor as an energy storage element. Hence for communicating with external devices, the IC requires no additional power management components. Additionally, the on-chip $I^{2}$C master eliminates the need for external microcontroller, thus making the system more energy efficient and well suited for ultra-low power (ULP) sensing applications requiring battery free operation. The results show that this IC dynamically supplies an external non-volatile memory and a multi-sensor with 1.8V output voltage and is capable of handling a dynamic load current of up to 1mA required for multi-sensor readout operation. The memory and the multi-sensor are configured individually for timing and communication, while the sensor data is readout by RFID reader successfully. The chip is fabricated in a standard $0.18 mu mathrm{m}$ SOI CMOS technology and its achieved performance are demonstrated in this paper in combination with a high-performance commercial-of-the-shelf sensor capable of measuring air temperature, humidity, and pressure.
本文设计了一种全无源865MHz至867MHz UHF RFID到$I^{2}$C桥接IC，集成了$I^{2}$C主控电路，用于外部数字传感器通信。为了向外部设备(如传感器、微控制器和存储器)提供能量，电源存储单元(PSU)直接集成在IC内，外部电容器作为能量存储元件。因此，为了与外部设备通信，IC不需要额外的电源管理组件。此外，片上$I^{2}$C主控消除了对外部微控制器的需求，从而使系统更加节能，非常适合需要无电池操作的超低功耗(ULP)传感应用。结果表明，该IC动态提供外部非易失性存储器和1.8V输出电压的多传感器，能够处理多传感器读出操作所需的高达1mA的动态负载电流。存储器和多传感器分别配置定时和通信，传感器数据通过RFID读写器成功读出。该芯片采用标准的$0.18 mu mathm {m}$ SOI CMOS技术制造，并在本文中结合能够测量空气温度，湿度和压力的高性能商用货架传感器展示了其实现的性能。
{"title":"A UHF RFID to I2C Bridge IC with Configurable Power Storage Unit for Flexible RFID Sensor Applications","authors":"Jun Tan, M. Sathyamurthy, Hani Abdullah, Jonathan Gamez, Bjoern Bieske, B. Saft, Martin Grabmann, J. Nowak, Sylvo Jäger, Eric Schäfer","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617266","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a fully passive 865MHz to 867MHz UHF RFID to $I^{2}$C Bridge IC with an integrated $I^{2}$C master for external digital sensor communications. To provide energy for external devices operation such as sensors, microcontrollers and memories, a Power Storage Unit (PSU) is directly integrated within the IC with an external capacitor as an energy storage element. Hence for communicating with external devices, the IC requires no additional power management components. Additionally, the on-chip $I^{2}$C master eliminates the need for external microcontroller, thus making the system more energy efficient and well suited for ultra-low power (ULP) sensing applications requiring battery free operation. The results show that this IC dynamically supplies an external non-volatile memory and a multi-sensor with 1.8V output voltage and is capable of handling a dynamic load current of up to 1mA required for multi-sensor readout operation. The memory and the multi-sensor are configured individually for timing and communication, while the sensor data is readout by RFID reader successfully. The chip is fabricated in a standard $0.18 mu mathrm{m}$ SOI CMOS technology and its achieved performance are demonstrated in this paper in combination with a high-performance commercial-of-the-shelf sensor capable of measuring air temperature, humidity, and pressure.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121212629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617349
Sayan Sarkar, B. Gupta
This paper presents an ultrathin dual-band metasurface which exhibits a linear-to-circular polarization conversion reflection band at the 865MHz UHF-RFID band and a co-polarized transmission band at the 2.45GHz WLAN band. When a linearly polarized UHF-RFID reader antenna is placed in front of the metasurface, the linearly polarized wave of the antenna is converted to a circularly polarized wave after reflection from the metasurface. This reflected circularly polarized wave can be used to detect RFID tags. Once the required information is collected from the tags, the RFID reader can then transmit this information via the 2.45GHz WLAN band through the metasurface. This is possible because of the pass-band of the metasurface at 2.45GHz. The metasurface therefore acts in the reflection mode at 865MHz and in the transmission mode at 2.45GHz. The metasurface has an angular stability of 20° for both TE and TM incidence.
{"title":"Ultrathin Dual-Band Metasurface for UHF-RFID and WLAN Applications","authors":"Sayan Sarkar, B. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617349","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an ultrathin dual-band metasurface which exhibits a linear-to-circular polarization conversion reflection band at the 865MHz UHF-RFID band and a co-polarized transmission band at the 2.45GHz WLAN band. When a linearly polarized UHF-RFID reader antenna is placed in front of the metasurface, the linearly polarized wave of the antenna is converted to a circularly polarized wave after reflection from the metasurface. This reflected circularly polarized wave can be used to detect RFID tags. Once the required information is collected from the tags, the RFID reader can then transmit this information via the 2.45GHz WLAN band through the metasurface. This is possible because of the pass-band of the metasurface at 2.45GHz. The metasurface therefore acts in the reflection mode at 865MHz and in the transmission mode at 2.45GHz. The metasurface has an angular stability of 20° for both TE and TM incidence.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126647648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617287
Chandni Bajaj, D. Upadhyay, Sachin Kumar, B. Kanaujia
This paper presents a dual-band circularly-polarized cross-dipole antenna for RFID readers. The proposed configuration is comprised of two crossed dipole pairs, with each pair consisting of orthogonal elements designed on front and back sides of the substrate. Double quarter wavelength delay lines are used to connect the dipole elements and introduce a 90° phase difference, resulting in circular polarization in both bands. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 13.16 % in the 900 MHz band and 13.6 % in the 2450 MHz band. The axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 3.08 % in the 900 MHz band and 1.63 % in the 2450 MHz band. Coaxial cable is used to feed the structure, which eliminates the need for complicated feeding networks. The antenna configuration has an overall size of $(65 times 65 times 1.6)$ mm3.
{"title":"Compact Dual-Band Circularly-Polarized Cross-Dipole Antenna for Portable RFID Readers","authors":"Chandni Bajaj, D. Upadhyay, Sachin Kumar, B. Kanaujia","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617287","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a dual-band circularly-polarized cross-dipole antenna for RFID readers. The proposed configuration is comprised of two crossed dipole pairs, with each pair consisting of orthogonal elements designed on front and back sides of the substrate. Double quarter wavelength delay lines are used to connect the dipole elements and introduce a 90° phase difference, resulting in circular polarization in both bands. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 13.16 % in the 900 MHz band and 13.6 % in the 2450 MHz band. The axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 3.08 % in the 900 MHz band and 1.63 % in the 2450 MHz band. Coaxial cable is used to feed the structure, which eliminates the need for complicated feeding networks. The antenna configuration has an overall size of $(65 times 65 times 1.6)$ mm3.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129963333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617393
Alexander R. Unterhuber, Stoyan Iliev, Erwin M. Biebl
Interferences, like reader-to-tag interferences, and shadowing can lower the performance of ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) vehicle identification systems on highways. Thus, it is important to know how much influence these effects have on the reliability of such systems, which is the main goal of this work. To get an appropriate model for the reader-to-tag interferences, measurements of the number of reads per minute in a two-reader environment are shown. It turns out that at a signal to interference ratio (SIR) of more than 6 dB the desired reader dominates the communication over the interfering reader. With this model, the impact of the reader-to-tag interferences is analyzed by simulating two scenarios; a car driving along the center of a lane and driving between two lanes. It turns out that the number of reads is reduced by $approx$ 63.2% if the car drives between two lanes but that the absolute number of 25 is still enough to allow a robust identification. A third scenario, where a truck is driving in front of a car, shows that shadowing is negligible regarding the number of reads, even for relatively small distances between the vehicles.
{"title":"Interferences and Shadowing in Multi-Lane UHF RFID-Based Vehicle Identification Systems","authors":"Alexander R. Unterhuber, Stoyan Iliev, Erwin M. Biebl","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617393","url":null,"abstract":"Interferences, like reader-to-tag interferences, and shadowing can lower the performance of ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) vehicle identification systems on highways. Thus, it is important to know how much influence these effects have on the reliability of such systems, which is the main goal of this work. To get an appropriate model for the reader-to-tag interferences, measurements of the number of reads per minute in a two-reader environment are shown. It turns out that at a signal to interference ratio (SIR) of more than 6 dB the desired reader dominates the communication over the interfering reader. With this model, the impact of the reader-to-tag interferences is analyzed by simulating two scenarios; a car driving along the center of a lane and driving between two lanes. It turns out that the number of reads is reduced by $approx$ 63.2% if the car drives between two lanes but that the absolute number of 25 is still enough to allow a robust identification. A third scenario, where a truck is driving in front of a car, shows that shadowing is negligible regarding the number of reads, even for relatively small distances between the vehicles.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130583118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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