Revue neurologique最新文献

{"title":"Poststroke cognitive outcome is better accounted for by white matter abnormalities automated segmentation than visual analysis","authors":"B. Lawson , J. Martin , A. Aarabi , E. Ouin , S. Tasseel-Ponche , M. Barbay , D. Andriuta , M. Roussel , O. Godefroy , GRECogVASC study group","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The association between white matter abnormalities (WMA) and cognitive decline previously reported in poststroke patients has been mainly documented using visual scales. However, automated segmentation of WMA provides a precise determination of the volume of WMA. Nonetheless, it is rarely used in the stroke population and its potential advantage over visual scales is still unsettled. The objective of this study was to examine whether automated segmentation of WMA provides a better account than the visual Fazekas and Wahlund scales of the decline in executive functions and processing speed in stroke patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The analyses were conducted on the 358 patients of the GRECogVASC cohort with an MRI performed at six months poststroke in the Amiens center. WMA were visually analyzed using the Fazekas (subcortical abnormalities) and Wahlund scales. Segmentation was performed using LST (3.0.3). Following preliminary studies to determine the optimal segmentation threshold, we examined the relationship between cognitive status and WMA volume computed at each threshold using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Finally, we assessed the ability of both Fazekas and Wahlund visual scores and WMA volume to account for cognitive scores by using a bivariate Pearson correlation analysis, comparing correlation coefficients with the Fisher transformation and repeating correlation analysis after adjustment for the lesion volume.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Increasing the threshold led to an underestimation of WMA (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0001) (significant for a threshold ≥<!--> <!-->0.2) and an improvement in correct rejection of signal changes in the stroke cavity (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.02) (significant for a threshold ≤<!--> <!-->0.5), susceptibility artifacts (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002) (significant for a threshold ≤<!--> <!-->0.6), and corticospinal degeneration (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03) (significant for a threshold ≤<!--> <!-->0.5). WMA volume decreased with increasing threshold (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0001). Areas under the curve (AUC) did not differ according to the threshold (processing speed: <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.85, executive cognitive functions: <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.7). Correlation coefficients between cognitive scores and WMA were higher for WMA volume than the Fazekas (processing speed: Z<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−3.442, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001; executive functions: Z<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−2.751, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.006) and Wahlund scores (processing speed: Z<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−3.615, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0001; executive functions: Z<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−2.769, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.006). Adjustment for lesion volume did not alter the correlations with WMA volume (processing speed: r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.327 [95%CI: −0.416; −0.223], <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1117-1127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease","authors":"S. Prange ,&nbsp;S. Thobois","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impulse control disorders (ICD) are frequent and cumbersome behavioral disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding their pathophysiological underpinnings is crucial. Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) clearly indicates preexisting vulnerability and abnormal sensitization of the pre- and postsynaptic dopaminergic system. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reveal abnormal connectivity within the reward system involving the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex. These alterations pinpoint the dysfunction of reinforcement learning in ICD, which is biased toward the overvaluation of reward and underestimation of risk, and the deficit in inhibitory control mechanisms related to abnormal connectivity within and between the limbic and the associative and motor networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1078-1086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homage to professor Maurice Collard","authors":"J. Reis ,&nbsp;D. Béquet ,&nbsp;P.-M. Preux ,&nbsp;E. Baldauf ,&nbsp;M. Dumas","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 998-999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eculizumab as rescue therapy in a context of dramatic NMOSD attack: Report of two cases","authors":"A. San-Galli ,&nbsp;H. Chaumont ,&nbsp;Q. Bourgeois ,&nbsp;J. Roge ,&nbsp;Q. Lobjois ,&nbsp;P. Cabre","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 995-997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in multiple sclerosis: Rethinking the current treatment strategy","authors":"S.A. Freeman ,&nbsp;H. Zéphir","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are highly-effective B-cell-depleting therapies in multiple sclerosis<span> (MS). These treatments have expanded the arsenal of highly effective disease-modifying therapies, and have changed the landscape in understanding the pathophysiology<span> of MS and the natural course of the disease. Nevertheless, these treatments come at the cost of immunosuppression and risk of serious infections, diminished </span></span></span>vaccination<span> response and treatment-related secondary hypogammaglobulinemia<span>. However, the COVID pandemic has given way to a possibility of readapting these therapies, with most notably extended dosing intervals. While these new strategies show efficacy in maintaining inflammatory MS disease control, and although it is tempting to speculate that tailoring </span></span></span>CD20<span><span> therapies will reduce the negative outcomes of long-term immunosuppression, it is unknown whether they provide meaningful benefit in reducing the risk of treatment-related secondary </span>hypogammaglobulinemia and serious infections. This review highlights the available anti-CD20 therapies that are available for treating MS patients, and sheds light on encouraging data, which propose that tailoring anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies is the next step in rethinking the current treatment strategy.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1047-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean-like diets in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review","authors":"H. Abbasi ,&nbsp;F. Shakouri ,&nbsp;R. Mosaddeghi-Heris ,&nbsp;E. Gholipour-Khalili ,&nbsp;F. Jahanshahlou ,&nbsp;S. Sanaie ,&nbsp;A. Naseri ,&nbsp;M. Talebi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mediterranean-like diet is an anti-inflammatory diet with high-fiber consumption and lower intake of saturated fatty acids<span> which is proposed to have beneficial effects in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This investigation aims to explore the impacts of this style of diet on people living with MS, based on clinical evidence.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted following the 2020 version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews<span><span> and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Both interventional and observational clinical studies which evaluated the effects of Mediterranean-like diets on MS patients were considered for inclusion. Review articles, letters, commentaries, case reports, non-English papers, and conference abstracts were excluded. PubMed, Web of Science, </span>Scopus<span>, and EMBASE databases were searched until March 23rd, 2023, and risk of bias in randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) was evaluated based on the second version of the Cochrane RoB assessment tool (RoB.2). In addition, for the observational studies, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)’s critical appraisal tools were utilized.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>Of 161 records that were screened in the title/abstract stage, 13 reports of 11 studies were included in the systematic review. Three RCTs (including one pilot RCT), and eight observational studies reported the effects of Mediterranean-like diets on people living with MS. The sample sizes in </span>clinical trials<span><span> varied between 36 and 147 and for observational studies between 30 and 563 patients. Evidence suggested positive effects of a Mediterranean-like diet on inflammatory status and MS-related symptoms such as fatigue, quality of life, attack rate, and </span>cognitive dysfunction.</span></div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This systematic review pointed out possible beneficial effects of Mediterranean-like diets for MS patients. The limited number of well-designed RCTs was the main limitation of this study; therefore, large-scale multiple-center interventional studies are suggested. Variety in the assessed outcomes, study designs, and groups of the studies prevented meta-analysis which was the other limitation of this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1021-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136128435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What you feel is not always what you’ve got. Jean Lhermitte (1877–1959) and the phantom limb phenomenon","authors":"E. Drouin ,&nbsp;L. Tatu ,&nbsp;P. Hautecoeur","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2023.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jean Lhermitte (1877–1959), the French neurologist and psychiatrist, is most often associated with the sign he described in three patients with multiple sclerosis<span><span>, back in 1927. In 1937, Lhermitte analytically studied a series of 28 amputees experiencing </span>phantom limb sensations further to amputations dating between 1891 and 1934. After having described the main clinical characteristics of this unpublished series, we will detail the ideas advanced by Jean Lhermitte regarding the phenomenon of the phantom limb. Lhermitte will use these observations to develop conceptions of consciousness and the body schema encompassing very modern resonances.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 10","pages":"Pages 1145-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative spinal cord imaging: Early ALS diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.","authors":"M Khamaysa, M El Mendili, V Marchand, G Querin, P-F Pradat","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. This degeneration leads to muscular weakness, progressively impairing motor functions and ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. The clinical, genetic, and pathological heterogeneity of ALS, combined with the absence of reliable biomarkers, significantly challenge the efficacy of therapeutic trials. Despite these hurdles, neuroimaging, and particularly spinal cord imaging, has emerged as a promising tool. It provides insights into the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons. Quantitative spinal imaging has the potential to facilitate early diagnosis, enable accurate monitoring of disease progression, and refine the design of clinical trials. In this review, we explore the utility of spinal cord imaging within the broader context of developing spinal imaging biomarkers in ALS. We focus on a both diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in ALS, highlighting its pivotal role in elucidating the disease's underlying pathology. We also discuss the existing limitations and future avenues for research, aiming to bridge the translational gap between academic research and its application in clinical practice and therapeutic trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunology underlying CNS autoantibody diseases","authors":"J. Cleaver ,&nbsp;B. Ceronie ,&nbsp;C. Strippel ,&nbsp;A. Handel ,&nbsp;S.R. Irani","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The past two decades have seen a considerable paradigm shift in the way autoimmune CNS disorders are considered, diagnosed, and treated; largely due to the discovery of novel autoantibodies directed at neuroglial surface or intracellular targets. This approach has enabled multiple <em>bona fide</em> CNS autoantibody-associated diseases to thoroughly infiltrate the sphere of clinical neurology, facilitating advances in patient outcomes. This review focusses on the fundamental immunological concepts behind CNS autoantibody-associated diseases. First, we briefly review the broad phenotypic profiles of these conditions. Next, we explore concepts around immune checkpoints and the related B cell lineage. Thirdly, the sources of autoantibody production are discussed alongside triggers of tolerance failure, including neoplasms, infections and iatrogenic therapies. Penultimately, the role of T cells and leucocyte trafficking into the CNS are reviewed. Finally, biological insights from responses to targeted immunotherapies in different CNS autoantibody-associated diseases are summarised. The continued and rapid expansion of the CNS autoantibody-associated field holds promise for further improved diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms, ultimately leading to further improvements in patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 916-930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the future of autoimmune encephalitides","authors":"M. Guasp ,&nbsp;J. Dalmau","doi":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurol.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept that many neurologic and psychiatric disorders of unknown cause are immune-mediated has evolved fast during the past 20 years. The main contribution to the expansion of this field has been the discovery of antibodies that attack neuronal or glial cell-surface proteins or receptors, directly modifying their structure and function. These antibodies facilitate the diagnosis and prompt treatment of patients who often improve with immunotherapy. The identification of this group of diseases, collectively named “autoimmune encephalitides”, was preceded by many years of investigations on other autoimmune CNS disorders in which the antibodies are against intracellular proteins, occur more frequently with cancer, and associate with cytotoxic T-cell responses that are less responsive to immunotherapy. Here, we first trace the recent history of the autoimmune encephalitides and address how to assess the clinical value and implement in our practice the rapid pace of autoantibody discovery. In addition, we review recent developments in the post-acute stage of the two main autoimmune encephalitides (NMDAR and LGI1) focusing on symptoms that are frequently overlooked or missed, and therefore undertreated. Because a better understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases relies on animal models, we examine currently available studies, recognizing the existing needs for better and all-inclusive neuro-immunobiological models. Finally, we assess the status of biomarkers of disease outcome, clinical scales, current treatment strategies, and emerging therapies including CAR T-cell technology. Altogether, this overview is intended to identify gaps of knowledge and provide suggestions for improvement and insights for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21321,"journal":{"name":"Revue neurologique","volume":"180 9","pages":"Pages 862-875"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}