Pub Date : 2022-05-07DOI: 10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i15.97
C. Espín, Christian Naranjo, Cristian Eugenio
La investigación está enfocada en la organización del trabajo y la ingeniería de métodos con la aplicación del estudio de tiempos y movimientos en la empresa “Rosas del Cotopaxi” ubicada en Latacunga-Ecuador. El principal objetivo del trabajo es incrementar la productividad en el área de postcosecha; reduciendo actividades innecesarias y disminuyendo tiempos improductivos. Se inicia con un diagnóstico de la florícola mediante la utilización de diagramas de procesos que permiten identificar las actividades que se ejecutan en esta área. Posteriormente se registró los tiempos por actividad. Se tomó como base el diagnóstico inicial donde se producía un total de 946,95 bonches al mes. Se realizó mejoras con nuevos métodos de trabajo con la combinación de actividades, logrando disminuir el tiempo de ciclo de 10.14 min por bonche a 8.29 min, obteniendo como resultado un aumento de la capacidad de producción mensual a 1158.20 bonches, aumentando la productividad en un 22%.
{"title":"Estudio de tiempos para la optimización de la producción en el área de postcosecha de una florícola","authors":"C. Espín, Christian Naranjo, Cristian Eugenio","doi":"10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i15.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i15.97","url":null,"abstract":"La investigación está enfocada en la organización del trabajo y la ingeniería de métodos con la aplicación del estudio de tiempos y movimientos en la empresa “Rosas del Cotopaxi” ubicada en Latacunga-Ecuador. El principal objetivo del trabajo es incrementar la productividad en el área de postcosecha; reduciendo actividades innecesarias y disminuyendo tiempos improductivos. Se inicia con un diagnóstico de la florícola mediante la utilización de diagramas de procesos que permiten identificar las actividades que se ejecutan en esta área. Posteriormente se registró los tiempos por actividad. Se tomó como base el diagnóstico inicial donde se producía un total de 946,95 bonches al mes. Se realizó mejoras con nuevos métodos de trabajo con la combinación de actividades, logrando disminuir el tiempo de ciclo de 10.14 min por bonche a 8.29 min, obteniendo como resultado un aumento de la capacidad de producción mensual a 1158.20 bonches, aumentando la productividad en un 22%.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76575047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.95
D. Villalba
{"title":"Duplicidad de publicación de artículo autorizado","authors":"D. Villalba","doi":"10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.95","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86221925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.94
Alejandro Martínez Taboada
El objetivo de esta investigación es aplicar la fotogrametría en la generación del modelo digital de un terreno mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados, en Bolivia, para una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales. El plan de vuelo se realiza con GNSS, las fotografías fueron tomadas por un drone DJI Inspire 1, el post proceso de datos fue en Agisoft Metashape y la vectorización en AutoCAD 2018. Se orientaron 448 fotografías, la diferencia de alturas entre el matadero de COPROCACH LTDA y la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales es 183.16 metros; con un error total de 12.9924 mm. El trabajo cumple con los parámetros de calidad de fotogrametría, se concluye que las nuevas técnicas y software permiten obtener curvas de nivel a cualquier intervalo y cota. Asimismo, el uso de receptores RTK es un complemento de la técnica que ayuda a compensar sus propias deficiencias.
{"title":"Fotogrametría en la generación del modelo digital de un terreno mediante drones","authors":"Alejandro Martínez Taboada","doi":"10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaingenieria.v6i14.94","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de esta investigación es aplicar la fotogrametría en la generación del modelo digital de un terreno mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados, en Bolivia, para una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales. El plan de vuelo se realiza con GNSS, las fotografías fueron tomadas por un drone DJI Inspire 1, el post proceso de datos fue en Agisoft Metashape y la vectorización en AutoCAD 2018. Se orientaron 448 fotografías, la diferencia de alturas entre el matadero de COPROCACH LTDA y la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales es 183.16 metros; con un error total de 12.9924 mm. El trabajo cumple con los parámetros de calidad de fotogrametría, se concluye que las nuevas técnicas y software permiten obtener curvas de nivel a cualquier intervalo y cota. Asimismo, el uso de receptores RTK es un complemento de la técnica que ayuda a compensar sus propias deficiencias.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82470130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.85
Christian Giovanni Bautista Bravo, Patricio Iván Mena Izurieta, Cristian Alejandro Paredes Gordillo
En el presente trabajo se describe el desarrollo de una carrocería para el vehículo fórmula Student, utilizando fibra animal (crin de caballo) y fibra vegetal (cabuya) como refuerzos unidos a una matriz de resina poliéster. Se analiza el comportamiento del material a utilizar mediante probetas combinando los refuerzos en diferentes capas y sometiendo posteriormente a ensayos de tracción, flexión e impacto bajo normas ASTM. En el diseño de la carrocería se usó software CAD que permite evaluarla bajo condiciones aerodinámicas reales y determinar la geometría más adecuada. Para el conformado de las piezas se aplicó estratificación manual, posteriormente se pulieron y pintaron las partes. Los resultados obtenidos fueron favorables debido a que el material presentó excelentes características mecánicas a los diferentes esfuerzos, reduciendo considerablemente la masa en un 41.95 %, con relación a la carrocería 2012 que sirvió como referencia, y que fue fabricada con fibra de vidrio y resina poliéster.
{"title":"Construcción de la carrocería del vehículo de competición Fórmula Student a partir de materiales compuestos con fibra natural","authors":"Christian Giovanni Bautista Bravo, Patricio Iván Mena Izurieta, Cristian Alejandro Paredes Gordillo","doi":"10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.85","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente trabajo se describe el desarrollo de una carrocería para el vehículo fórmula Student, utilizando fibra animal (crin de caballo) y fibra vegetal (cabuya) como refuerzos unidos a una matriz de resina poliéster. Se analiza el comportamiento del material a utilizar mediante probetas combinando los refuerzos en diferentes capas y sometiendo posteriormente a ensayos de tracción, flexión e impacto bajo normas ASTM. En el diseño de la carrocería se usó software CAD que permite evaluarla bajo condiciones aerodinámicas reales y determinar la geometría más adecuada. Para el conformado de las piezas se aplicó estratificación manual, posteriormente se pulieron y pintaron las partes. Los resultados obtenidos fueron favorables debido a que el material presentó excelentes características mecánicas a los diferentes esfuerzos, reduciendo considerablemente la masa en un 41.95 %, con relación a la carrocería 2012 que sirvió como referencia, y que fue fabricada con fibra de vidrio y resina poliéster.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79449005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.86
Gustavo Eduardo Castillo Piscoya, Julio Cesar Chavarry Koosi, Jorge Keny Peralta Panta, S. M. Muñóz Perez
El uso de los residuos agroindustriales se desarrolla dentro del ámbito de la construcción a nivel técnico, ambiental y económico, enfocándose en mejorar la calidad del concreto. Este documento destaca una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre la aplicación de los residuos agroindustriales en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto, identificando también los porcentajes óptimos y los efectos que estos proporcionan a la mezcla. Se revisaron 62 artículos indexados y distribuidos en las siguientes bases de datos: 34 en Ebsco, 13 en Scielo, 13 en Scopus, y 2 en Science Direct. Concluyendo que, dentro de estos materiales, la mejor opción son las cenizas de centrales térmicas, debido a que resultan ser las más óptimas para ser adicionadas, pues, sus propiedades mecánicas resultaron ser las adecuadas.
{"title":"Uso de residuos agroindustriales en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto: Una revisión literaria","authors":"Gustavo Eduardo Castillo Piscoya, Julio Cesar Chavarry Koosi, Jorge Keny Peralta Panta, S. M. Muñóz Perez","doi":"10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaingenieria.v5i13.86","url":null,"abstract":"El uso de los residuos agroindustriales se desarrolla dentro del ámbito de la construcción a nivel técnico, ambiental y económico, enfocándose en mejorar la calidad del concreto. Este documento destaca una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre la aplicación de los residuos agroindustriales en las propiedades mecánicas del concreto, identificando también los porcentajes óptimos y los efectos que estos proporcionan a la mezcla. Se revisaron 62 artículos indexados y distribuidos en las siguientes bases de datos: 34 en Ebsco, 13 en Scielo, 13 en Scopus, y 2 en Science Direct. Concluyendo que, dentro de estos materiales, la mejor opción son las cenizas de centrales térmicas, debido a que resultan ser las más óptimas para ser adicionadas, pues, sus propiedades mecánicas resultaron ser las adecuadas.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76185078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Bartolo-Aguilar, C. Chávez-Cabrera, J. C. Cancino-Diaz, R. Marsch
It is widely known that an adequate intake of proteins with essential amino acids stimulates the production of essential nonprotein substances for the body, such as serotonin, thyroid hormones, and glutathione. Biotechnology applications can focus on food and its benefits for human health, either by improving the nutritional value of existing foods or developing new alternatives that can help resolve the effects of poor nutrition. The yeast Pichia pastoris has been designated as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) microorganism and is currently used to produce a large number of recombinant proteins. In this study, a 100% synthetic protein was expressed intracellularly as a protein with high nutritional quality that contains a 75% ratio of essential amino acids using the expression system of the yeast P. pastoris. This approach might offer future possibilities for using the modified yeast as a single-cell protein source in the livestock industry and the food supplement market to reduce total protein intake.
{"title":"Expression of a synthetic protein with a high proportion of essential amino acids by Pichia pastoris","authors":"Y. Bartolo-Aguilar, C. Chávez-Cabrera, J. C. Cancino-Diaz, R. Marsch","doi":"10.24275/RMIQ/BIO2419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24275/RMIQ/BIO2419","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely known that an adequate intake of proteins with essential amino acids stimulates the production of essential nonprotein substances for the body, such as serotonin, thyroid hormones, and glutathione. Biotechnology applications can focus on food and its benefits for human health, either by improving the nutritional value of existing foods or developing new alternatives that can help resolve the effects of poor nutrition. The yeast Pichia pastoris has been designated as a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) microorganism and is currently used to produce a large number of recombinant proteins. In this study, a 100% synthetic protein was expressed intracellularly as a protein with high nutritional quality that contains a 75% ratio of essential amino acids using the expression system of the yeast P. pastoris. This approach might offer future possibilities for using the modified yeast as a single-cell protein source in the livestock industry and the food supplement market to reduce total protein intake.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87782847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Quiroga-Cubides, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, D. Toloza-Moreno, G. Barrera, J. Gómez, J. Ruiz, Martha Gómez, D. Cortés-Rojas
The use of bioproducts developed from active viral ingredients is a promising strategy in integrated pest management. Accordingly, the VG010 betabaculovirus has been identified as an effective agent in controlling the hornworm Erinnyis ello. The development of a wettable powder formulation using VG010 as an active ingredient in a biopesticide must have a guaranteed efficacy. An analysis of the unit operations involved in the formulation was carried out using proper operating conditions and production equipment. The active ingredient and finished product characterization revealed the repeatability of variables among batches. The mixing and drying processes were evaluated using operational parameters such as the mixing index and drying kinetics. From this analysis, the most favorable mixing time and drying temperature were selected to obtain a homogeneous product and high insecticidal activity. Viral concentrations, pH of the liquid mixtures, and drying temperature were established as control parameters of the critical points.
{"title":"Formulation process of a biopesticide based on the Erinnyis ello betabaculovirus ErelGV: unit operations analysis","authors":"G. Quiroga-Cubides, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, D. Toloza-Moreno, G. Barrera, J. Gómez, J. Ruiz, Martha Gómez, D. Cortés-Rojas","doi":"10.24275/RMIQ/PROC2344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24275/RMIQ/PROC2344","url":null,"abstract":"The use of bioproducts developed from active viral ingredients is a promising strategy in integrated pest management. Accordingly, the VG010 betabaculovirus has been identified as an effective agent in controlling the hornworm Erinnyis ello. The development of a wettable powder formulation using VG010 as an active ingredient in a biopesticide must have a guaranteed efficacy. An analysis of the unit operations involved in the formulation was carried out using proper operating conditions and production equipment. The active ingredient and finished product characterization revealed the repeatability of variables among batches. The mixing and drying processes were evaluated using operational parameters such as the mixing index and drying kinetics. From this analysis, the most favorable mixing time and drying temperature were selected to obtain a homogeneous product and high insecticidal activity. Viral concentrations, pH of the liquid mixtures, and drying temperature were established as control parameters of the critical points.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77628835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. D. Loreto-Muñoz, F. Almendariz-Tapia, A. R. Mártin-García, Reyes Sierra-Alvarez, Valeria Ochoa-Herrera, O. Monge-Amaya
Este estudio evalua el desempeno de un sistema integrado anaerobico / aerobico (IAAB) utilizado para el tratamiento biologico de efluentes ricos en sulfato mediante la reduccion de sulfato y la oxidacion de sulfuro. Por separado, se adapto un lodo anaerobico a condiciones reductoras de sulfato y se activo un lodo aerobico. Una vez concluida la activacion de los lodos, se integro el sistema IAAB, compuesto por un reactor anaerobico reductor de sulfato (ASRr) y un reactor aerobio oxidante de sulfuro (ASOr), y se hizo funcionar con una solucion sintetica rica en sulfato. Se variaron tanto la tasa de carga organica (OLR) como la relacion DQO / SO 4 2- . Durante los 43 dias de adaptacion de la ASRr, un 1 COD / SO 4 2-La relacion causo un desplazamiento casi completo de la actividad metanogenica por la actividad reductora de sulfato. Las eficiencias de remocion en el sistema IAAB para DQO, sulfato y sulfuro producido fueron 90%, 60% y 99%, respectivamente. Al final de la operacion del sistema IAAB, el flujo de electrones se dirigio principalmente a la actividad sulfidogenica, que representa el 91%. Este estudio demuestra que un sistema biologico anaerobico / aerobico de dos pasos que opera a OLR alto puede usarse para la remocion de sulfato y materia organica de aguas residuales ricas en sulfato como una alternativa a los metodos convencionales.
本研究评价了厌氧/好氧综合系统(IAAB)通过硫酸盐还原和硫化物氧化生物处理富硫酸盐废水的性能。此外，厌氧污泥适应硫酸盐还原条件，好氧污泥被激活。污泥活化完成后，由厌氧硫酸盐还原反应器(ASRr)和好氧硫氧化反应器(ASOr)组成的IAAB系统被整合，并在富硫酸盐合成溶液中运行。本研究的目的是评估不同浓度的有机负荷(OLR)和cod / so4 2-的关系。在ASRr适应的43天内，1 COD / SO 4 - 2关系导致产甲烷活性几乎完全被硫酸盐还原活性取代。在IAAB体系中，remocion对cod、硫酸盐和硫化物的生产效率分别为90%、60%和99%。在IAAB系统运行结束时，电子流主要流向硫化氢活性，占91%。本研究表明，高OLR的厌氧/好氧两步生物系统可用于去除富硫酸盐废水中的硫酸盐和有机物，作为传统方法的替代。
{"title":"Sulfate-rich wastewater treatment using an integrated anaerobic/aerobic biological system","authors":"C. D. Loreto-Muñoz, F. Almendariz-Tapia, A. R. Mártin-García, Reyes Sierra-Alvarez, Valeria Ochoa-Herrera, O. Monge-Amaya","doi":"10.24275/RMIQ/IA2332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24275/RMIQ/IA2332","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudio evalua el desempeno de un sistema integrado anaerobico / aerobico (IAAB) utilizado para el tratamiento biologico de efluentes ricos en sulfato mediante la reduccion de sulfato y la oxidacion de sulfuro. Por separado, se adapto un lodo anaerobico a condiciones reductoras de sulfato y se activo un lodo aerobico. Una vez concluida la activacion de los lodos, se integro el sistema IAAB, compuesto por un reactor anaerobico reductor de sulfato (ASRr) y un reactor aerobio oxidante de sulfuro (ASOr), y se hizo funcionar con una solucion sintetica rica en sulfato. Se variaron tanto la tasa de carga organica (OLR) como la relacion DQO / SO 4 2- . Durante los 43 dias de adaptacion de la ASRr, un 1 COD / SO 4 2-La relacion causo un desplazamiento casi completo de la actividad metanogenica por la actividad reductora de sulfato. Las eficiencias de remocion en el sistema IAAB para DQO, sulfato y sulfuro producido fueron 90%, 60% y 99%, respectivamente. Al final de la operacion del sistema IAAB, el flujo de electrones se dirigio principalmente a la actividad sulfidogenica, que representa el 91%. Este estudio demuestra que un sistema biologico anaerobico / aerobico de dos pasos que opera a OLR alto puede usarse para la remocion de sulfato y materia organica de aguas residuales ricas en sulfato como una alternativa a los metodos convencionales.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79857485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sánchez-Vargas, UAM-Iztapalapa, F. Valdés-Parada
Membrane bioreactors represent an attractive alternative for food industries wastewater treatment. This type of reactors comprise an aerobic tank (where the biochemical reactions take place) and a membrane tank (where the final filtration process occurs). Mathematical modeling of these systems is a practical tool for the design, control and optimization of wastewater treatment plants. Among the modeling approaches, there is no mathematical model that is specifically designed for membrane bioreactors, and that captures the hierarchical nature of these systems. In the present work, new mathematical models for mass and momentum transport are derived from the fundamental equations at the continuum level. With the use of the volume averaging method, effective medium models for both the aerobic and membrane tanks were developed. This modeling approach has the advantage that the coefficients involved in the model can be predicted from closure schemes, without representing a demanding computational effort. This deterministic model allows predicting the most favorable design and operating conditions. Additionally, numerical simulations of these models give rise to a better understanding of the involved mass transport mechanisms in the membrane tank, this is achieved through the prediction of the fluid velocity, and the dynamics of the total mass flux and the concentration at each point in the tank. The models derived here are valuable because they allow analyzing the effect of each (operational and/or design) parameter over the dynamics of long-chain fatty acids and oxygen concentrations.
{"title":"Multiscale modeling of a membrane bioreactor for the treatment of oil and grease rendering wastewaters","authors":"J. Sánchez-Vargas, UAM-Iztapalapa, F. Valdés-Parada","doi":"10.24275/RMIQ/FEN2368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24275/RMIQ/FEN2368","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane bioreactors represent an attractive alternative for food industries wastewater treatment. This type of reactors comprise an aerobic tank (where the biochemical reactions take place) and a membrane tank (where the final filtration process occurs). Mathematical modeling of these systems is a practical tool for the design, control and optimization of wastewater treatment plants. Among the modeling approaches, there is no mathematical model that is specifically designed for membrane bioreactors, and that captures the hierarchical nature of these systems. In the present work, new mathematical models for mass and momentum transport are derived from the fundamental equations at the continuum level. With the use of the volume averaging method, effective medium models for both the aerobic and membrane tanks were developed. This modeling approach has the advantage that the coefficients involved in the model can be predicted from closure schemes, without representing a demanding computational effort. This deterministic model allows predicting the most favorable design and operating conditions. Additionally, numerical simulations of these models give rise to a better understanding of the involved mass transport mechanisms in the membrane tank, this is achieved through the prediction of the fluid velocity, and the dynamics of the total mass flux and the concentration at each point in the tank. The models derived here are valuable because they allow analyzing the effect of each (operational and/or design) parameter over the dynamics of long-chain fatty acids and oxygen concentrations.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85126715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we aim to demonstrate how important public policies that encourage companies to decarbonize the environment are to Brazil. There is an evident need for the creation of a Brazilian Regulatory Agency for the carbon market that acts transparently and according to international agreements. In this study, we analyzed Braskem's greenhouse gas emission reports from 2010 to 2018 regarding the production of green polyethylene or other actions related to depollution of the environment. Furthermore, we sought to investigate Braskem’s relationship with the ICO2 index of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, which takes into account the degree of efficiency of greenhouse gas emissions of each member in this indicator. We discussed how the Stock Exchange manipulates ICO2 values through their calculation methods. Companies that participate in the ICO2 market have competitive advantages over stakeholders, even though they have agreed to abide by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires transparency regarding how the reduction of greenhouse gases emission occurs. We concluded that the lack of transparency and the ICO2 calculation methods also created a new derivative through which companies listed in the ICO2 could profit and reduce the risk of losses.
{"title":"The importance of public policies that encourage companies to decarbonize the environment and invest in clean technologies in Brazil","authors":"E. Hellvig, T. S. Flores-Sahagun","doi":"10.24275/RMIQ/POLY2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24275/RMIQ/POLY2363","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aim to demonstrate how important public policies that encourage companies to decarbonize the environment are to Brazil. There is an evident need for the creation of a Brazilian Regulatory Agency for the carbon market that acts transparently and according to international agreements. In this study, we analyzed Braskem's greenhouse gas emission reports from 2010 to 2018 regarding the production of green polyethylene or other actions related to depollution of the environment. Furthermore, we sought to investigate Braskem’s relationship with the ICO2 index of the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange, which takes into account the degree of efficiency of greenhouse gas emissions of each member in this indicator. We discussed how the Stock Exchange manipulates ICO2 values through their calculation methods. Companies that participate in the ICO2 market have competitive advantages over stakeholders, even though they have agreed to abide by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires transparency regarding how the reduction of greenhouse gases emission occurs. We concluded that the lack of transparency and the ICO2 calculation methods also created a new derivative through which companies listed in the ICO2 could profit and reduce the risk of losses.","PeriodicalId":21335,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85556457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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