Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2208875
A. Ahtikoski, A. Nikula, V. Nivala, Soili Haikarainen, A. Juutinen
ABSTRACT Protection of vulnerable species often creates conflicts between land use and conservation management. Particularly challenging is the case of Siberian flying squirrel (SFS; Pteromys volans). SFS favours mature forest habitats, which are often the target for logging, and therefore its protection causes opportunity costs. In our analysis a regional case study was applied as a platform to create alternative forest management scenarios. These scenarios aimed to maintain and improve SFS habitats with varying magnitudes, from no action in SFS habitat improvement to increasing the amount of suitable habitat for SFS. Stand projections for each forest management scenario were modelled with the Motti stand simulator, and the simulated stand structures were further analyzed using specific indexes with Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies and tools to predict potential nesting and feeding habitats and connectivity for SFS. Connectivity between habitats was assessed with a Least Cost Path analysis. The results showed that some forest management scenarios were more cost-efficient than others in maintaining habitat suitability and connectivity for SFS. Further, with adjusted cutting removals (due to restrictions other than SFS habitat related, mainly recreation) an additional hectare suitable for SFS habitat was considerably more cost-efficient than without the adjustment.
{"title":"Cost-efficient forest management for safeguarding Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans) habitats in Central Finland","authors":"A. Ahtikoski, A. Nikula, V. Nivala, Soili Haikarainen, A. Juutinen","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2208875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2208875","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Protection of vulnerable species often creates conflicts between land use and conservation management. Particularly challenging is the case of Siberian flying squirrel (SFS; Pteromys volans). SFS favours mature forest habitats, which are often the target for logging, and therefore its protection causes opportunity costs. In our analysis a regional case study was applied as a platform to create alternative forest management scenarios. These scenarios aimed to maintain and improve SFS habitats with varying magnitudes, from no action in SFS habitat improvement to increasing the amount of suitable habitat for SFS. Stand projections for each forest management scenario were modelled with the Motti stand simulator, and the simulated stand structures were further analyzed using specific indexes with Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies and tools to predict potential nesting and feeding habitats and connectivity for SFS. Connectivity between habitats was assessed with a Least Cost Path analysis. The results showed that some forest management scenarios were more cost-efficient than others in maintaining habitat suitability and connectivity for SFS. Further, with adjusted cutting removals (due to restrictions other than SFS habitat related, mainly recreation) an additional hectare suitable for SFS habitat was considerably more cost-efficient than without the adjustment.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"197 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43023172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2210292
K. Adamson, Karin Kütt, Marili Vester, K. Jürimaa, M. Silm, R. Drenkhan
ABSTRACT Interest in the cultivation of mushrooms, including medicinal mushrooms like Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) has increased in recent years. To provide commercial cultivators with vigorous and productive strains of I. obliquus, 38 strains were isolated from the conks in Estonia and Finland. The growth rates of these isolates were determined on Malt Extract Agar (MEA), and on wood sticks of Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus incana and A. glutinosa. Growth rates differed for the various isolates, depending on temperature as well as substrate. On the MEA at 9°C the fastest-growing strain of I. obliquus was PAT21061, at 18°C PAT22871 and at 22°C PAT21058. On B. pendula, the I. obliquus strain, PATKJ180 had the highest growth rate; on B. pubescens, PAT21061; on A. glutinosa, PATKA880; and on A. incana, PATKA2679 exhibited the highest growth rate. But the growth rate characteristics of I. obliquus were not correlated with the host species origin of the fungus isolate. Still, the ability of strains to form conks is unknown and needs to be tested in vivo. Because I. obliquus grows faster in Betula wood than Alnus, the use of Betula wood for producing inoculation dowels is recommended in order to shorten the production time.
{"title":"Mycelial growth of Inonotus obliquus on malt extract media and on wood of different host species","authors":"K. Adamson, Karin Kütt, Marili Vester, K. Jürimaa, M. Silm, R. Drenkhan","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2210292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2210292","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Interest in the cultivation of mushrooms, including medicinal mushrooms like Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) has increased in recent years. To provide commercial cultivators with vigorous and productive strains of I. obliquus, 38 strains were isolated from the conks in Estonia and Finland. The growth rates of these isolates were determined on Malt Extract Agar (MEA), and on wood sticks of Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus incana and A. glutinosa. Growth rates differed for the various isolates, depending on temperature as well as substrate. On the MEA at 9°C the fastest-growing strain of I. obliquus was PAT21061, at 18°C PAT22871 and at 22°C PAT21058. On B. pendula, the I. obliquus strain, PATKJ180 had the highest growth rate; on B. pubescens, PAT21061; on A. glutinosa, PATKA880; and on A. incana, PATKA2679 exhibited the highest growth rate. But the growth rate characteristics of I. obliquus were not correlated with the host species origin of the fungus isolate. Still, the ability of strains to form conks is unknown and needs to be tested in vivo. Because I. obliquus grows faster in Betula wood than Alnus, the use of Betula wood for producing inoculation dowels is recommended in order to shorten the production time.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"131 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2215544
C. Prendes, M. Acuna, E. Canga, C. Ordóñez, Carlos Cabo
ABSTRACT An optimal bucking strategy that allocates cutting patterns to forest stands based on the individual characteristics of each stem is critical for maximizing value recovery. However, cutting patterns are usually excluded from bucking algorithms due to the difficulties associated with capturing tree quality features when collecting forest inventory data (e.g. branchiness and tree shape). This paper presents a non-destructive and fully automated methodology for the optimal bucking of stems based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds that aims to maximize the economic value of trees in a forest stand. It is based on the three-dimensional modelling of stems and includes the diameter and curvature of each log. The bucking algorithm also considers several timber products and calculates the most valuable log combination for each tree. The methodology was tested in a Pinus radiata plot with 120 trees, and the results were compared with those obtained with input data that do not take curvature into account: i.e. only diameters from TLS and taper equations. The analysis of the results suggests that not including curvature in the algorithm for optimal bucking results in an overestimation of the commercial value of timber products.
{"title":"Optimal bucking of stems from terrestrial laser scanning data to maximize forest value","authors":"C. Prendes, M. Acuna, E. Canga, C. Ordóñez, Carlos Cabo","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2215544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2215544","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 An optimal bucking strategy that allocates cutting patterns to forest stands based on the individual characteristics of each stem is critical for maximizing value recovery. However, cutting patterns are usually excluded from bucking algorithms due to the difficulties associated with capturing tree quality features when collecting forest inventory data (e.g. branchiness and tree shape). This paper presents a non-destructive and fully automated methodology for the optimal bucking of stems based on terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds that aims to maximize the economic value of trees in a forest stand. It is based on the three-dimensional modelling of stems and includes the diameter and curvature of each log. The bucking algorithm also considers several timber products and calculates the most valuable log combination for each tree. The methodology was tested in a Pinus radiata plot with 120 trees, and the results were compared with those obtained with input data that do not take curvature into account: i.e. only diameters from TLS and taper equations. The analysis of the results suggests that not including curvature in the algorithm for optimal bucking results in an overestimation of the commercial value of timber products.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"174 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44180847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2208876
Nagihan Seki
ABSTRACT Sapling morphological characters are one of the important tools for assessing the adaptive potential of a tree species to a changing environment, and so to climate change. In the study, the morphological characters of stems and needles of Crimean pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) saplings growing in different altitudes were examined to assess the altitudinal variability. For this purpose, a total of 45 saplings and 900 needle (one- and two-year old) samples from Karabük Province of north-western Türkiye were investigated. Significant differences were observed in the morphological characters, i.e. needle length (NL), needle width (NW), needle thickness (NT), sheath length (SL), number of rows of stomata (NR), number of stomata per cm (NS), and root collar diameter (RD) of the saplings among three altitude classes (560, 756 and 968 m). RD and needle dimensions, including stomatal density, increased with altitude. Besides, there were significant differences of the needle characters between one and two years of needles, except NW and NT located in high altitude class. It was concluded that Crimean pine saplings from different altitudes can be separated from each other on the basis of the morphological characters of needles.
摘要树苗形态特征是评价树种对环境变化、气候变化适应潜力的重要工具之一。本文对克里米亚松(Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp.)茎、针的形态特征进行了研究。pallasiana(羊肉)。以生长在不同海拔的霍姆布(Holmboe)幼树为研究对象，研究其海拔变异。为此，研究人员调查了来自土耳其西北部卡拉ab k省的45棵树苗和900个针叶(1岁和2岁)样本。不同海拔等级(560、756和968 m)树苗的形态特征，即针长(NL)、针宽(NW)、针粗(NT)、鞘长(SL)、气孔行数(NR)、气孔每cm数(NS)和根颈直径(RD)均存在显著差异。随着海拔高度的增加，气孔密度和针径也随之增加。此外，除NW和NT位于高海拔类别外，一年生针叶性状与2年生针叶性状差异显著。根据针叶形态特征，可以区分不同海拔地区的克里米亚松幼树。
{"title":"Altitudinal effect on Crimean pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) sapling morphology in north-western Türkiye","authors":"Nagihan Seki","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2208876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2208876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sapling morphological characters are one of the important tools for assessing the adaptive potential of a tree species to a changing environment, and so to climate change. In the study, the morphological characters of stems and needles of Crimean pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) saplings growing in different altitudes were examined to assess the altitudinal variability. For this purpose, a total of 45 saplings and 900 needle (one- and two-year old) samples from Karabük Province of north-western Türkiye were investigated. Significant differences were observed in the morphological characters, i.e. needle length (NL), needle width (NW), needle thickness (NT), sheath length (SL), number of rows of stomata (NR), number of stomata per cm (NS), and root collar diameter (RD) of the saplings among three altitude classes (560, 756 and 968 m). RD and needle dimensions, including stomatal density, increased with altitude. Besides, there were significant differences of the needle characters between one and two years of needles, except NW and NT located in high altitude class. It was concluded that Crimean pine saplings from different altitudes can be separated from each other on the basis of the morphological characters of needles.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"189 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45164171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2216947
Chia-ho Kuo, Chun-hung Wei, J. Chen, Chaur-tzuh Chen, Y. Hsieh
ABSTRACT Research Highlights: This study presented novel evidence of the optimal level of forest thinning to maintain nutrient cycling and achieve management objectives. Background and Objectives: Litter dynamics play a vital role in balancing forest nutritional dynamics, which may be related to forest productivity. This study aimed to examine the influence of thinning intensity on litter quantity and quality in a secondary forest (a natural tropical secondary forest in southeastern Taiwan). Materials and Methods: Five different thinning treatments were implemented, and forest dynamics were measured. The litterbag method was used to assess the initial status of litter decomposition. Results: The rate of litter accumulation without thinning ranged from 5.14 to 5.63 t ha−1 yr−1. Thinning altered the litter decomposition rate. A 20% thinning intensity resulted in the fastest litter decomposition, with an annual litter loss of 22.4% compared with the control area. However, at >60% thinning intensity, the rate of litter decomposition slowed down, and the annual loss increased to 42.5%. Conclusions: Thinning changes the litter decomposition rate mainly by influencing soil humidity and temperature. A thinning intensity of 20% in secondary forest thins the forest, improves litter status, accelerates litter decomposition, and promotes nutrient cycling.
摘要:本研究为维持养分循环和实现管理目标的最佳森林间伐水平提供了新的证据。背景与目的:凋落物动态在平衡森林营养动态中起着至关重要的作用，而森林营养动态可能与森林生产力有关。本研究旨在探讨间伐强度对台湾东南部天然热带次生林凋落物数量和质量的影响。材料与方法:采用5种不同的间伐处理，测量森林动态。采用垃圾袋法评价凋落物分解的初始状态。结果:未变薄的凋落物积累速率为5.14 ~ 5.63 t / h - 1 yr - 1。间伐改变了凋落物分解速率。间伐强度为20%时，凋落物分解速度最快，年凋落物损失率为22.4%。但当间伐强度达到60 ~ 60%时，凋落物分解速度减慢，年损失量增加至42.5%。结论:间伐主要通过影响土壤湿度和温度来改变凋落物分解速率。次生林间伐强度为20%可使森林变薄，改善凋落物状态，加速凋落物分解，促进养分循环。
{"title":"Effects of thinning intensities on litterfall characteristics and decomposition in the natural secondary lowland forests of Southeastern Taiwan","authors":"Chia-ho Kuo, Chun-hung Wei, J. Chen, Chaur-tzuh Chen, Y. Hsieh","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2216947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2216947","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Research Highlights: This study presented novel evidence of the optimal level of forest thinning to maintain nutrient cycling and achieve management objectives. Background and Objectives: Litter dynamics play a vital role in balancing forest nutritional dynamics, which may be related to forest productivity. This study aimed to examine the influence of thinning intensity on litter quantity and quality in a secondary forest (a natural tropical secondary forest in southeastern Taiwan). Materials and Methods: Five different thinning treatments were implemented, and forest dynamics were measured. The litterbag method was used to assess the initial status of litter decomposition. Results: The rate of litter accumulation without thinning ranged from 5.14 to 5.63 t ha−1 yr−1. Thinning altered the litter decomposition rate. A 20% thinning intensity resulted in the fastest litter decomposition, with an annual litter loss of 22.4% compared with the control area. However, at >60% thinning intensity, the rate of litter decomposition slowed down, and the annual loss increased to 42.5%. Conclusions: Thinning changes the litter decomposition rate mainly by influencing soil humidity and temperature. A thinning intensity of 20% in secondary forest thins the forest, improves litter status, accelerates litter decomposition, and promotes nutrient cycling.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"166 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59367154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2208873
R. Jónsdóttir, Inger Sundheim Fløistad
ABSTRACT Planting healthy seedlings with optimal growth potential is essential for proper growth and survival in forest regeneration. Assessing the seedling quality prior to planting is therefore important. In this Icelandic study, effects of root damage induced with artificial freezing in young Russian larch seedlings were examined using the root growth capacity method (RGC). Frost tolerance of roots varied during the winter, and root growth in undamaged seedlings fluctuated, indicating seasonal variations in growth rhythm. The LT50 value for root frost tolerance was −13.9°C in late January, but already at −10.6°C (LT10) root damages were severe. After one growing season, shoot elongation was significantly lower in seedlings frozen to −9°C, −13.5°C, and −15.5°C by 23%, 54%, and 72%, respectively, compared with undamaged seedlings. Control seedlings and seedlings frozen to −9°C achieved 100% survival after the first growing season. Survival in seedlings frozen to −13.5°C and −15.5°C was 85% and 27%, respectively. After the second growing season, survival decreased in all frost-damaged seedlings. The ongoing mortality demonstrates the long-lasting effects of planting seedlings with damaged root systems, and the fluctuation in root frost tolerance of young Russian larch seedlings during winter emphasises the need for care when seedlings are moved to outdoor storage.
{"title":"Root frost tolerance, seasonal variation in root growth, and field performance of one-year-old Russian larch seedlings with simulated root freezing damages","authors":"R. Jónsdóttir, Inger Sundheim Fløistad","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2208873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2208873","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Planting healthy seedlings with optimal growth potential is essential for proper growth and survival in forest regeneration. Assessing the seedling quality prior to planting is therefore important. In this Icelandic study, effects of root damage induced with artificial freezing in young Russian larch seedlings were examined using the root growth capacity method (RGC). Frost tolerance of roots varied during the winter, and root growth in undamaged seedlings fluctuated, indicating seasonal variations in growth rhythm. The LT50 value for root frost tolerance was −13.9°C in late January, but already at −10.6°C (LT10) root damages were severe. After one growing season, shoot elongation was significantly lower in seedlings frozen to −9°C, −13.5°C, and −15.5°C by 23%, 54%, and 72%, respectively, compared with undamaged seedlings. Control seedlings and seedlings frozen to −9°C achieved 100% survival after the first growing season. Survival in seedlings frozen to −13.5°C and −15.5°C was 85% and 27%, respectively. After the second growing season, survival decreased in all frost-damaged seedlings. The ongoing mortality demonstrates the long-lasting effects of planting seedlings with damaged root systems, and the fluctuation in root frost tolerance of young Russian larch seedlings during winter emphasises the need for care when seedlings are moved to outdoor storage.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"121 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49461653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2213900
Y. Xing, Guancheng Liu, Lu Liang, G. Yan, Binbin Huang, Qinggui Wang
ABSTRACT In order to study the response of fine root production (FRP), mortality (FRM) and turnover (FRT) to nitrogen (N) addition, we have conducted 12 years of continuous N addition experiments in the natural secondary forest in Northeast China. According to the local N deposition, three N treatments were set up. The response of FRP, FRM and FRT to N addition during the growing season was studied. The results showed that N addition would lead to phosphorus (P) limitation, and fine roots could increase the absorption of N and P by increasing their diameter. The increase in the diameter of fine roots led to a decrease in the FRT, and the soil layer also affected the FRT. Nitrogen addition increased the FRP and FRM in all soil layers. Nitrogen addition did not change the seasonal variation of FRP and FRM. The highest value of FRP occurred in May, and the lowest value of FRM occurred in August. Nitrogen addition increased the total number (TNLR) and surface area (TSALR) of live fine root in all soil layers. The TNLR and TSALR decreased with the deepening of soil layer. Collectively, fine roots may respond to environmental stress through self-regulation and changing growth strategies.
{"title":"Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on fine root dynamics in a temperate natural secondary forest","authors":"Y. Xing, Guancheng Liu, Lu Liang, G. Yan, Binbin Huang, Qinggui Wang","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2213900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2213900","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to study the response of fine root production (FRP), mortality (FRM) and turnover (FRT) to nitrogen (N) addition, we have conducted 12 years of continuous N addition experiments in the natural secondary forest in Northeast China. According to the local N deposition, three N treatments were set up. The response of FRP, FRM and FRT to N addition during the growing season was studied. The results showed that N addition would lead to phosphorus (P) limitation, and fine roots could increase the absorption of N and P by increasing their diameter. The increase in the diameter of fine roots led to a decrease in the FRT, and the soil layer also affected the FRT. Nitrogen addition increased the FRP and FRM in all soil layers. Nitrogen addition did not change the seasonal variation of FRP and FRM. The highest value of FRP occurred in May, and the lowest value of FRM occurred in August. Nitrogen addition increased the total number (TNLR) and surface area (TSALR) of live fine root in all soil layers. The TNLR and TSALR decreased with the deepening of soil layer. Collectively, fine roots may respond to environmental stress through self-regulation and changing growth strategies.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"154 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46371314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Efforts of community forest users show positive changes in forest cover and quality but there was limited study regarding this. Thus, this study was objectively conducted to assess dynamics of forest cover and quality between 1990 and 2021 in Jalthal Jhapa, Nepal. Supervised classification with a maximum likelihood algorithm was applied to classify forest cover to produce maps of 1990, 2005 and 2021. Forest quality change was assessed using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Moisture Index (SVI). A total of 114.0 ha non-forest was converted into forest between 2005 and 2011. Overall accuracy of classified maps of 1990, 2005 and 2021 was 85.29%, 84.08% and 88.13%, respectively. Sparse forest was converted into dense forest by 0.06% between 1990 and 2021. Principal Component Analysis showed successful implementation of community forest program and control grazing were main factors positively affecting to increase forest cover and quality. Value of NDVI showed that high vegetation forest covers around 42.27% in 2021 and SMI was the highest. Kaiser-Meyer-Olk in (KMO) (0.474) and Bartlett Sphericity tests (p = 0.001) showed there was linear relationship between factors affecting forest cover and quality. This paper will be useful for academicians and policymakers to monitor forest.
{"title":"Spatial analysis of forest cover and quality dynamics of Jalthal forest in the Jhapa district, Nepal","authors":"Arati Budhathoki, Ambika Prasad Gautam, Ram Asheshwar Mandal","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2210846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2210846","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Efforts of community forest users show positive changes in forest cover and quality but there was limited study regarding this. Thus, this study was objectively conducted to assess dynamics of forest cover and quality between 1990 and 2021 in Jalthal Jhapa, Nepal. Supervised classification with a maximum likelihood algorithm was applied to classify forest cover to produce maps of 1990, 2005 and 2021. Forest quality change was assessed using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Moisture Index (SVI). A total of 114.0 ha non-forest was converted into forest between 2005 and 2011. Overall accuracy of classified maps of 1990, 2005 and 2021 was 85.29%, 84.08% and 88.13%, respectively. Sparse forest was converted into dense forest by 0.06% between 1990 and 2021. Principal Component Analysis showed successful implementation of community forest program and control grazing were main factors positively affecting to increase forest cover and quality. Value of NDVI showed that high vegetation forest covers around 42.27% in 2021 and SMI was the highest. Kaiser-Meyer-Olk in (KMO) (0.474) and Bartlett Sphericity tests (p = 0.001) showed there was linear relationship between factors affecting forest cover and quality. This paper will be useful for academicians and policymakers to monitor forest.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"144 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43151276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2184489
Emelie Fredriksson, Märtha Wallgren, T. Löfroth
ABSTRACT Fire regimes and herbivore densities have in parts of the boreal been heavily impacted by human activities with consequences for vegetation, forage supply and ungulate use. In this study, we evaluate the effects of natural wildfires and prescribed burning on moose forage availability, use, and browsing in northern Sweden. We studied three wildfire locations, adjacent controls, and five prescribed burns 12 years after fire. To compare forage availability and browsing levels we combined related variables with Principal Component Analyses and used the first axis in a regression analysis. The wildfire locations had a different composition of forage compared with the controls with less forage in the field layer and more woody browse and deciduous saplings. Forage availability was best explained by the occurrence of fire and differed between wildfire and the unburned control areas. Browsing levels were higher in wildfire locations compared with unburned controls. Prescribed burns varied substantially and could resemble both unburnt control and wildfire in terms of forage availability and browsing. We conclude that prescribed burning as a restoration action potentially can improve forage availability, particularly of deciduous species, if they mimic the impact of wildfires in terms of larger area burned and high fire severity.
{"title":"Wildfire and prescribed burning impact moose forage availability and browsing levels in the northern boreal forest","authors":"Emelie Fredriksson, Märtha Wallgren, T. Löfroth","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2184489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2184489","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fire regimes and herbivore densities have in parts of the boreal been heavily impacted by human activities with consequences for vegetation, forage supply and ungulate use. In this study, we evaluate the effects of natural wildfires and prescribed burning on moose forage availability, use, and browsing in northern Sweden. We studied three wildfire locations, adjacent controls, and five prescribed burns 12 years after fire. To compare forage availability and browsing levels we combined related variables with Principal Component Analyses and used the first axis in a regression analysis. The wildfire locations had a different composition of forage compared with the controls with less forage in the field layer and more woody browse and deciduous saplings. Forage availability was best explained by the occurrence of fire and differed between wildfire and the unburned control areas. Browsing levels were higher in wildfire locations compared with unburned controls. Prescribed burns varied substantially and could resemble both unburnt control and wildfire in terms of forage availability and browsing. We conclude that prescribed burning as a restoration action potentially can improve forage availability, particularly of deciduous species, if they mimic the impact of wildfires in terms of larger area burned and high fire severity.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"58 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43509097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2023.2191005
L. Pâques, V. Benoit, C. Buret, C. Ridel, T. Servouse, G. Sylvestre-Guinot
ABSTRACT Historical results from provenance trials tended to position Sudetan larch (Larix decidua Mill. sudetica) populations among the least susceptible to larch canker (Lachnellula willkommi (R.Hartig) Dennis), in sharp contrast to Alpine populations. However, a recent large-scale outbreak of larch canker in artificial French stands planted with Sudetan larch brings into question this conclusion but also, as a consequence, the value of Sudetan larch seed orchards to mass-propagate risk-limited forest reproductive material. Clonal material from the French breeding population and seed orchards was investigated for its susceptibility to larch canker. As a first step, a genetic structure analysis of this population (220 clones) was conducted: it revealed its genetic heterogeneity, with 53.1% of the clones classified as “pure” Sudetan, 3.1% as Alpine; 1.5% as Central European and 42.3% as introgressed. Following artificial inoculation, “pure” Sudetan clones appeared generally less susceptible to canker than Alpine clones; admixed clones behaved in a similar way to the pure Sudetan material. However, the broad clonal variability observed within each population prevents the sole use of genetic origin of clones to rogue the most susceptible ones within orchards. Artificial inoculation is, so far, the only reliable way to properly assess clonal behaviour towards canker and thus support genetic roguing of orchards.
{"title":"How susceptible is Sudetan larch to larch canker Lachnellula willkommii (R. Hartig) Dennis? Consequences for breeding and deployment","authors":"L. Pâques, V. Benoit, C. Buret, C. Ridel, T. Servouse, G. Sylvestre-Guinot","doi":"10.1080/02827581.2023.2191005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2023.2191005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Historical results from provenance trials tended to position Sudetan larch (Larix decidua Mill. sudetica) populations among the least susceptible to larch canker (Lachnellula willkommi (R.Hartig) Dennis), in sharp contrast to Alpine populations. However, a recent large-scale outbreak of larch canker in artificial French stands planted with Sudetan larch brings into question this conclusion but also, as a consequence, the value of Sudetan larch seed orchards to mass-propagate risk-limited forest reproductive material. Clonal material from the French breeding population and seed orchards was investigated for its susceptibility to larch canker. As a first step, a genetic structure analysis of this population (220 clones) was conducted: it revealed its genetic heterogeneity, with 53.1% of the clones classified as “pure” Sudetan, 3.1% as Alpine; 1.5% as Central European and 42.3% as introgressed. Following artificial inoculation, “pure” Sudetan clones appeared generally less susceptible to canker than Alpine clones; admixed clones behaved in a similar way to the pure Sudetan material. However, the broad clonal variability observed within each population prevents the sole use of genetic origin of clones to rogue the most susceptible ones within orchards. Artificial inoculation is, so far, the only reliable way to properly assess clonal behaviour towards canker and thus support genetic roguing of orchards.","PeriodicalId":21352,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"70 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49285403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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