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2008 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology最新文献

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Improved Spectral Unmixing of Hyperspectral Images Using Spatially Homogeneous Endmembers 利用空间均匀端元改进的高光谱图像解混
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775716
M. Zortea, A. Plaza
Hyperspectral imaging is a new technique in remote sensing which provides image data at hundreds of spectral wave-lengths, thus allowing a very detailed characterization of the surface of the Earth (from an airborne or satellite platform). One of the most important challenges in hyperspectral imaging is to find an adequate pool of pure signature spectra of the materials present in the scene. These pure signatures are then used to decompose the scene into a set of so-called abundance fractions by means of a spectral unmixing algorithm, thus allowing a detailed analysis of the scene with sub-pixel precision. Most techniques available in endmember extraction literature rely on exploiting the spectral properties of the data alone. As a result, the search for endmembers in a scene is often conducted by treating the data as a collection of spectral measurements with no spatial arrangement. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy to incorporate spatial information into the traditional spectral-based endmember search process. Specifically, we propose to estimate, for each pixel vector in the scene, a scalar value which is used to weight the importance of the spectral information associated to each pixel in terms of its spatial context. The proposed methodology, which favours the selection of highly representative endmembers located in spatially homogeneous areas, is shown in this work to significantly improve several spectral-based endmember extraction algorithms available in the literature.
高光谱成像是遥感领域的一项新技术,它提供数百个光谱波长的图像数据,从而可以(从机载或卫星平台)非常详细地描述地球表面。高光谱成像中最重要的挑战之一是找到场景中存在的材料的足够的纯特征光谱池。然后使用这些纯签名将场景分解为一组所谓的丰度分数,通过光谱解混算法,从而允许以亚像素精度对场景进行详细分析。在端元提取文献中,大多数可用的技术都依赖于单独利用数据的光谱特性。因此,对场景中端元的搜索通常是通过将数据视为没有空间排列的光谱测量数据来进行的。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的策略,将空间信息融入传统的基于光谱的端元搜索过程中。具体来说,我们建议为场景中的每个像素向量估计一个标量值,该标量值用于加权与每个像素相关的光谱信息在其空间上下文中的重要性。所提出的方法有利于选择位于空间均匀区域的高度代表性的端元,在这项工作中显示,可以显着改善文献中几种基于光谱的端元提取算法。
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引用次数: 10
Advanced Bandwidth Brokering Architecture in PLC Networks PLC网络中的高级带宽代理体系结构
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775647
E. Secerbegovic, M. Bolic, Z. Begic
The bandwidth broker is a management instance inside a PLC system, which has the complete overview about the network topology, the actual reserved bandwidth on each link inside its domain and should ideally have also a real-time view of the available bandwidth on each link. The bandwidth broker acts as an intermediate unit for call setups in a way that a call with ensured quality has to send a signaling packet to the broker which then manages each node taking part in this connection and reserves the bandwidth percentage and delay constraints necessary for the requested quality. The signaling between the routers and the bandwidth broker is at the moment very rudimental and consists of simple UDP packets containing a string with the desired quality.
带宽代理是PLC系统中的一个管理实例,它拥有关于网络拓扑的完整概述、其域内每个链路上的实际保留带宽,理想情况下还应该拥有每个链路上可用带宽的实时视图。带宽代理作为呼叫设置的中间单元,保证质量的呼叫必须向代理发送信令包,然后代理管理参与此连接的每个节点,并保留所需质量的带宽百分比和延迟约束。路由器和带宽代理之间的信令目前是非常基本的,由简单的UDP数据包组成,其中包含具有所需质量的字符串。
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引用次数: 2
A Genetic Algorithm Approach with Harmonic Structure Evolution for Polyphonic Music Transcription 基于遗传算法的复调曲谱和声结构演化研究
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775722
G. Reis, N. Fonseca, F. Fernández, A. Ferreira
This paper presents a genetic algorithm approach with harmonic structure evolution for polyphonic music transcription. Automatic music transcription is a very complex problem that continues waiting for solutions due to the harmonic complexity of musical sounds. More traditional approaches try to extract the information directly from the audio stream, but by taking into account that a polyphonic audio stream is no more than a combination of several musical notes, music transcription can be addressed as a search space problem where the goal is to find the sequence of notes that best models our audio signal. By taking advantage of the genetic algorithms to explore large search spaces we present a new approach to the music transcription problem. In order to reduce the harmonic overfitting several techniques were used including the encoding of the harmonic structure of the internal synthesizer inside the individual's genotype as a way to evolve towards the instrument played on the original audio signal. The results obtained in polyphonic piano transcriptions show the feasibility of the approach.
提出了一种基于遗传算法的复调曲谱和声结构演化方法。由于音乐声音的谐波复杂性,自动音乐转录是一个非常复杂的问题,一直在等待解决方案。更传统的方法是尝试直接从音频流中提取信息,但考虑到复调音频流只不过是几个音符的组合,音乐转录可以作为一个搜索空间问题来解决,其目标是找到最适合我们音频信号的音符序列。通过利用遗传算法来探索大搜索空间,我们提出了一种新的方法来解决音乐转录问题。为了减少谐波过拟合,使用了几种技术,包括对个体基因型内部合成器的谐波结构进行编码,作为向原始音频信号上播放的乐器进化的一种方式。在复调钢琴曲中获得的结果表明了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 8
Digital Video Watermarking Based on Histogram and Temporal Modulation and Robust to Camcorder Recording 基于直方图和时间调制的数字视频水印及其对摄像机记录的鲁棒性
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775680
H. Do, Dooseop Choi, Hyuk Choi, Taejeong Kim
This paper presents a blind digital video watermarking scheme, which is especially robust to camcorder recording attacks and also to a variety of common video processing and geometric distortions. Using the fact that nearby frames of a video sequence are quite similar, the method embeds the watermark by temporal modulation of the frames. The watermark pattern used in modulation is generated based on the pixel-value histogram, which makes extraction free from geometric synchronization. To make it imperceptible, the watermark is adjusted according roughly to the Human Visual System. The experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method to camcorder recording attacks also involving geometric distortions and other video processing attacks such as MPEG and other compressions.
本文提出了一种盲数字视频水印方案,该方案对摄像机录制攻击以及各种常见的视频处理和几何失真具有很强的鲁棒性。该方法利用视频序列的相邻帧非常相似的事实,通过对帧进行时间调制来嵌入水印。调制中使用的水印图案是基于像素值直方图生成的,使得提取过程不受几何同步的影响。为了使其难以察觉,水印大致根据人类视觉系统进行调整。实验结果表明,该方法对包括几何畸变在内的摄像机记录攻击以及其他视频处理攻击(如MPEG和其他压缩攻击)具有鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 21
A Geometrical Active Contour Based on Statistical Shape Prior Model 基于统计形状先验模型的几何活动轮廓
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775725
F. Derraz, A. Taleb-Ahmed, A. Pinti, A. Chikh, F. Bereksi-Reguig
A new geometric active contour based level-sets model combining gradient, region and shape knowledge information cues is proposed to robust object detection boundaries in presence of occlusions and cluttered background. The gradient, region and shape knowledge information are incorporated as energy terms. The a priori shape model is based on statistical learning of the training data distribution where the structure of data distribution is approximated by a probability density model. The obtained probability is treated as Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPC) by allowing the shapes that are close to the training data as energy term and incorporated a prior knowledge about shapes in a more robust manner into evolving equation model to constrain the further segmentation evolution process. We applied successfully the proposed model to synthetic and real MR images. The results drawn by the newer model are compared to expert segmentation and evaluated in terms of F-mesure.
提出了一种结合梯度、区域和形状知识信息线索的基于几何活动轮廓的水平集模型,用于遮挡和杂乱背景下的鲁棒目标检测边界。将梯度、区域和形状知识信息作为能量项。先验形状模型是基于训练数据分布的统计学习,其中数据分布的结构由概率密度模型近似。将获得的概率作为核主成分分析(KPC),将与训练数据接近的形状作为能量项,并以更鲁棒的方式将形状的先验知识纳入到进化方程模型中,以约束进一步的分割进化过程。我们成功地将该模型应用于合成和真实的MR图像。将新模型所得到的结果与专家分割结果进行了比较,并用f测度进行了评价。
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引用次数: 3
Efficient Computation of Joint Direction-Of-Arrival and Frequency Estimation 联合到达方向和频率估计的高效计算
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775696
Yuheng He, K. Hueske, Jurgen Gotze, E. Coersmeier
The efficient computation of joint direction-of-arrival (DOA) and frequency estimation from the data matrix obtained from a sensor array is discussed. High-resolution ESPRIT/MUSIC algorithms are used to compute the estimates. A preprocessing step uses a two-sided DFT (computed using FFT) and applies a threshold to generate a sparse matrix from the given data matrix. The Lanczos method is used to compute the SVD/EVD of the sparse matrix. This results in a reduced computational complexity if the complexity of the preprocessing step is small compared to the reduction of the computational effort obtained by exploiting the sparsity of the matrix. We also compare this procedure with the estimations based on one sensor and one snapshot of the sensor array, respectively. In this case we can build Hankel matrices from the data samples and apply ESPRIT/MUSIC methods to these Hankel matrices and these matrices after the preprocessing step, respectively. This also yields a reduced computational complexity (again using Lanczos' method) but decreases the accuracy of the estimates. We compare the computational effort and the mean square error (MSE) of the estimates for the different approaches.
讨论了基于传感器阵列数据矩阵的联合到达方向(DOA)和频率估计的有效计算。高分辨率ESPRIT/MUSIC算法用于计算估计。预处理步骤使用双边DFT(使用FFT计算)并应用阈值从给定的数据矩阵生成稀疏矩阵。采用Lanczos方法计算稀疏矩阵的SVD/EVD。如果预处理步骤的复杂性与利用矩阵稀疏性所减少的计算工作量相比较小,则会导致计算复杂性的降低。我们还将此过程与基于单个传感器和传感器阵列快照的估计进行了比较。在这种情况下,我们可以从数据样本中构建Hankel矩阵,并分别对这些Hankel矩阵和预处理步骤后的这些矩阵应用ESPRIT/MUSIC方法。这也降低了计算复杂度(再次使用Lanczos的方法),但降低了估计的准确性。我们比较了不同方法估计的计算量和均方误差(MSE)。
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引用次数: 9
Spoken Language Identification Using a New Sequence Kernel-based SVM Back-end Classifier 基于序列核的支持向量机后端分类器的口语识别
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775713
A. Ziaei, S. Ahadi, S. M. Mirrezaie, H. Yeganeh
In this paper, we present a new back-end classifier for GMM-LM based language identification systems. Our new proposed system consists of two main parts, mapping matrix and bank of SVMs. These two parts are located in series after GMM-LM system. The mapping matrix, maps the language models' output vectors to a new space in which the languages are more separable than before. Then each SVM in the SVM bank separates one language from the others. We used a new sequence kernel for each SVM in the bank. We show that our new sequence kernel-based SVMs separate languages more efficiently than common Gaussian mixture and GLDS SVM back-end classifiers. Also our new mapping matrix outperforms common linear discriminant matrix in separating classes from each other. Using these two parts increases the LID accuracy noticeably in comparison with the other LDA-GMM and LDA-GLDS SVM back-end classifiers. Our experiments on 5 languages from OGI-TS multilanguage task, prove our claim.
在本文中,我们提出了一种新的基于GMM-LM的语言识别系统后端分类器。该系统主要由映射矩阵和支持向量机库两部分组成。这两个部分在GMM-LM系统之后串联起来。映射矩阵将语言模型的输出向量映射到一个新的空间,在这个空间中,语言比以前更可分离。然后,支持向量机库中的每个支持向量机将一种语言与其他语言分离开来。我们对库中的每个支持向量机使用一个新的序列核。我们证明了我们的基于序列核的支持向量机比常见的高斯混合和GLDS支持向量机后端分类器更有效地分离语言。此外,我们的映射矩阵在分类方面也优于一般的线性判别矩阵。与其他LDA-GMM和LDA-GLDS SVM后端分类器相比,使用这两个部分显著提高了LID精度。我们在OGI-TS多语言任务中对5种语言进行了实验,证明了我们的说法。
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引用次数: 4
Effect of Multipaths on N-Ary Time Reversal Classifiers 多路径对n阶时间反转分类器的影响
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775697
F. Foroozan, A. Asif
The paper derives time reversal (TR) algorithms for N-ary classification problems and studies the impact of multipaths on the performance characteristics of these algorithms. The TR classifiers have the ability of detecting the presence or absence of a target in a rich cluttering environment with multipaths and of further classifying the detected targets either as an unknown enemy target or one of the known friendly targets. Compared to the conventional classifiers, the proposed TR classifier provides a gain of over 5dB at low SNRs. An analytical multipath model, based on geometric optics approximation with strong total internal reflection from the boundaries of the medium, is used to compare the effect of multipaths on the proposed classifiers versus the conventional algorithms.
本文推导了n元分类问题的时间反转算法,并研究了多路径对算法性能特性的影响。TR分类器具有在具有多路径的丰富杂波环境中检测目标存在或不存在的能力,并进一步将检测到的目标分类为未知敌方目标或已知友军目标之一。与传统分类器相比,所提出的TR分类器在低信噪比下提供了超过5dB的增益。采用基于几何光学近似的解析多径模型,结合介质边界的强全内反射,比较了多径对分类器和传统算法的影响。
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引用次数: 1
A Geometrical Active Contour Based Sobolev Metric 基于Sobolev度量的几何活动轮廓
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775726
F. Derraz, A. Taleb-Ahmed, A. Chikh, F. Bereksi-Reguig, A. Pinti
Recently, a new reformulation of geometric active contour model is introduced by reformulating the gradient flow with Sobolev-type inner products. Classical inner product induces a pathological Riemannian metric on the space of smooth curves. However, there are also undesirable features associated with the gradient flow that this inner product induces. Sobolev metrics induce good regularity properties in gradient flow. The new formulation based Sobolev metric improved segmentation accuracy. We applied successfully the proposed model to synthetic and real MR images. The results drawn by the newer model are compared to expert segmentation and evaluated in term of F-measure.
最近,引入了一种新的几何活动轮廓模型的重新表述,即带sobolev型内积的梯度流的重新表述。经典内积在光滑曲线空间上导出病态黎曼度规。然而,也有与这个内积引起的梯度流相关的不良特征。Sobolev指标在梯度流动中具有良好的规律性。基于Sobolev度量的新公式提高了分割精度。我们成功地将该模型应用于合成和真实的MR图像。将新模型所得到的结果与专家分割结果进行了比较,并用f测度对结果进行了评价。
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引用次数: 0
Multilingual Names Database Searching Enhancement 多语言名称数据库搜索增强
Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ISSPIT.2008.4775648
I. Draganov, A. Popova, L.L. Ivanov
In this paper some aspects are presented for multilingual names database searching enhancement. They should help to find some balance between the execution time and the relevance of the results obtained. Structured form of the information used, two different structures of the database and a general algorithm for the searching are suggested. As experimental results investigation of the groupings of the most popular Romanized Bulgarian own names produced by the Soundex and Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex (D-M Soundex) algorithms are given. Then conclusion is made for their applicability.
本文提出了多语种人名数据库检索增强的几个方面。它们应该有助于在执行时间和获得的结果的相关性之间找到某种平衡。给出了所使用信息的结构化形式、两种不同的数据库结构和一种通用的搜索算法。作为实验结果,调查了由Soundex和Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex (D-M Soundex)算法产生的最流行的罗马化保加利亚人自己的名字的分组。并对其适用性进行了总结。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2008 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology
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