Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2015-0039
Kimberley Wilson, C. Desha
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of contemporary storytelling in preserving built heritage, as a mechanism for extending the useful life of buildings. Design/methodology/approach: The authors adopted a qualitative action research approach to consider the role of storytelling. A creative, multi-method approach (i.e. a “Brisbane Art Deco” publication and associated marketing campaign) was used as a case study to explore the contours of such an approach and its efficacy in engaging the community. Findings: This paper highlights the potential of contemporary approaches to heritage storytelling, including utilising digital technologies, to engage a diverse range of people that may not have otherwise participated. The authors propose the value of taking a creative and whole-of-society approach – such as that used in this case study – to heritage storytelling. Research limitations/implications: The case study discussed provides a phenomenological insight into one version of “contemporary heritage storytelling”. The findings have immediate implications for prioritising research into storytelling for the preservation of built heritage. Practical implications: The case study demonstrates opportunities for community engagement through storytelling and highlights potential strategies to effectively contribute to a greater societal value of cultural heritage. Originality/value: This research contributes to theory and practice around the management of cultural heritage, and highlights the usefulness of employing such a strategy to reach and engage a broader audience.
{"title":"Engaging in design activism and communicating cultural significance through contemporary heritage storytelling: A case study in Brisbane, Australia","authors":"Kimberley Wilson, C. Desha","doi":"10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2015-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-10-2015-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of contemporary storytelling in preserving built heritage, as a mechanism for extending the useful life of buildings. \u0000 \u0000Design/methodology/approach: The authors adopted a qualitative action research approach to consider the role of storytelling. A creative, multi-method approach (i.e. a “Brisbane Art Deco” publication and associated marketing campaign) was used as a case study to explore the contours of such an approach and its efficacy in engaging the community. \u0000 \u0000Findings: This paper highlights the potential of contemporary approaches to heritage storytelling, including utilising digital technologies, to engage a diverse range of people that may not have otherwise participated. The authors propose the value of taking a creative and whole-of-society approach – such as that used in this case study – to heritage storytelling. \u0000 \u0000Research limitations/implications: The case study discussed provides a phenomenological insight into one version of “contemporary heritage storytelling”. The findings have immediate implications for prioritising research into storytelling for the preservation of built heritage. \u0000 \u0000Practical implications: The case study demonstrates opportunities for community engagement through storytelling and highlights potential strategies to effectively contribute to a greater societal value of cultural heritage. \u0000 \u0000Originality/value: This research contributes to theory and practice around the management of cultural heritage, and highlights the usefulness of employing such a strategy to reach and engage a broader audience.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78874430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The industry has embraced self-compacting concrete (SCC) to overcome deficiencies related to consolidation, improve productivity, and enhance safety and quality. Due to the large deformation at the flowing process of SCC, an enhanced Lagrangian particle-based method, Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, though first developed to study astrophysics problems, with its exceptional advantages in solving problems involving fragmentation, coalescence, and violent free surface deformation, is developed in this study to simulate the flow of SCC as a non-Newtonian fluid to achieve stable results with satisfactory convergence properties. Navier-Stokes equations and incompressible mass conservation equations are solved as basics. Cross rheological model is used to simulate the shear stress and strain relationship of SCC. Mirror particle method is used for wall boundaries. The improved SPH method is tested by a typical 2D slump flow problem and also applied to L-box test. The capability and results obtained from this method are discussed.
{"title":"Simulation on the self-compacting concrete by an enhanced Lagrangian particle method","authors":"Jun Wu, Xue-mei Liu, Haihua Xu, Hongjian Du","doi":"10.1155/2016/8070748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8070748","url":null,"abstract":"The industry has embraced self-compacting concrete (SCC) to overcome deficiencies related to consolidation, improve productivity, and enhance safety and quality. Due to the large deformation at the flowing process of SCC, an enhanced Lagrangian particle-based method, Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, though first developed to study astrophysics problems, with its exceptional advantages in solving problems involving fragmentation, coalescence, and violent free surface deformation, is developed in this study to simulate the flow of SCC as a non-Newtonian fluid to achieve stable results with satisfactory convergence properties. Navier-Stokes equations and incompressible mass conservation equations are solved as basics. Cross rheological model is used to simulate the shear stress and strain relationship of SCC. Mirror particle method is used for wall boundaries. The improved SPH method is tested by a typical 2D slump flow problem and also applied to L-box test. The capability and results obtained from this method are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78405263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is anticipated that both medium- and low-voltage distribution networks will include high level of distributed renewable energy resources, in the future. The high penetration of these resources inevitably can introduce various power quality issues, including; overvoltage and overloading. This book chapter provides the current research state of the art concepts and techniques in dealing with these potential issues. The methods provided in this chapter are based on distributed control approach, tailored and suitable particularly for the future distribution composition. The distributed control strategy is a promising approach to manage and utilise the resources in future distribution networks to effectively deal with grid electric quality issues and requirements. Jointly, utility and customers the owners of the resources in the network are considered as part of a practical coordination strategy in this method. Standard IEEE test system is used for application, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by providing the results.
{"title":"Distributed Control and Management of Renewable Electric Energy Resources for Future Grid Requirements","authors":"G. Mokhtari, A. Anvari‐Moghaddam, G. Nourbakhsh","doi":"10.5772/63378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/63378","url":null,"abstract":"It is anticipated that both medium- and low-voltage distribution networks will include high level of distributed renewable energy resources, in the future. The high penetration of these resources inevitably can introduce various power quality issues, including; overvoltage and overloading. This book chapter provides the current research state of the art concepts and techniques in dealing with these potential issues. The methods provided in this chapter are based on distributed control approach, tailored and suitable particularly for the future distribution composition. The distributed control strategy is a promising approach to manage and utilise the resources in future distribution networks to effectively deal with grid electric quality issues and requirements. Jointly, utility and customers the owners of the resources in the network are considered as part of a practical coordination strategy in this method. Standard IEEE test system is used for application, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by providing the results.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81973730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-06DOI: 10.5204/thesis.eprints.130750
Evan A. Nadhim, C. Hon, Bo Xia
Retrofitting work is becoming increasingly important to a sustainable built environment as it helps reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumptions. However, retrofitting works are mostly small projects and predominantly undertaken by small-medium sized contractors, thus prone to safety problems as these contractors do not have sufficient resources for safety measures. Moreover, despite that safety has been widely researched in the construction industry, research into the safety of retrofitting works has been limited in the literature. As safety climate is a widely recognised construct to explain and predict safety performance, this paper presents an on-going PhD study aiming to examine the safety climate factors of retrofitting works and investigate the relationships between safety climate and safety performance. After refining the research gap through a literature review, the data collection will be started by interviewing the retrofitting stakeholders to identify the related safety issues comprising safety attitudes and safe-unsafe behaviours, followed by distributing an online questionnaire targeting the crews of small-medium sized contractors for safety climate measurement due to the lack of breakdown quantitative data (e.g. accidents records/rate, lost work days). Finally, structural equation modelling (SEM) will be employed to examine the quantitative relationships between safety climate and safety performance. This paper will present the research framework of the study, report the initial findings, and give recommendations to improve safety performance of retrofitting works.
{"title":"Investigating the relationships between safety climate and safety performance of retrofitting works","authors":"Evan A. Nadhim, C. Hon, Bo Xia","doi":"10.5204/thesis.eprints.130750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5204/thesis.eprints.130750","url":null,"abstract":"Retrofitting work is becoming increasingly important to a sustainable built environment as it helps reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumptions. However, retrofitting works are mostly small projects and predominantly undertaken by small-medium sized contractors, thus prone to safety problems as these contractors do not have sufficient resources for safety measures. Moreover, despite that safety has been widely researched in the construction industry, research into the safety of retrofitting works has been limited in the literature. As safety climate is a widely recognised construct to explain and predict safety performance, this paper presents an on-going PhD study aiming to examine the safety climate factors of retrofitting works and investigate the relationships between safety climate and safety performance. After refining the research gap through a literature review, the data collection will be started by interviewing the retrofitting stakeholders to identify the related safety issues comprising safety attitudes and safe-unsafe behaviours, followed by distributing an online questionnaire targeting the crews of small-medium sized contractors for safety climate measurement due to the lack of breakdown quantitative data (e.g. accidents records/rate, lost work days). Finally, structural equation modelling (SEM) will be employed to examine the quantitative relationships between safety climate and safety performance. This paper will present the research framework of the study, report the initial findings, and give recommendations to improve safety performance of retrofitting works.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89637365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most important ignition mechanisms initiating burning in nonmetallic materials, which is directly linked to many large oxygen system fires, is the rapid or near-adiabatic compression of oxygen against a nonmetallic material. Adiabatic compression testing of components and systems is utilized worldwide to determine their compatibility in oxygen systems. However, limited research is available on how adiabatic compression energy is transferred to nonmetallic materials, leading to ignition. By characterizing the transfer of heat from hot compressed oxygen into the non-metal that occurs prior to ignition, an analytical model will be developed to describe this process. A transient model of non-metals in a pure oxygen environment is considered. The development of the mathematical model that simulates the behavior of non-metal ignition when subjected to a near-adiabatic compression process is presented. The ignition model investigates various physical mechanisms, such as heat transfer mechanisms, and reaction rates to determine processes involved during the transfer of heat from hot oxygen to a non-metal prior to ignition. The focus of this model is the gas/solid interface. This research is currently ongoing. Future work will validate the model experimentally before determining maximum safe compression rates to prevent the ignition of different classes of nonmetallic materials. The significance of this research is to increase the fire safety of oxygen systems by establishing a theoretical model to reduce, or eliminate, one of the most common mechanisms of ignition found within oxygen systems—that is, adiabatic compression.
{"title":"Evaluation of a near-adiabatic compression process to increase fire safety within oxygen systems, focusing on non-metals","authors":"M. Ryan, T. Steinberg, Barry Newton","doi":"10.1520/STP159620150063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP159620150063","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important ignition mechanisms initiating burning in nonmetallic materials, which is directly linked to many large oxygen system fires, is the rapid or near-adiabatic compression of oxygen against a nonmetallic material. Adiabatic compression testing of components and systems is utilized worldwide to determine their compatibility in oxygen systems. However, limited research is available on how adiabatic compression energy is transferred to nonmetallic materials, leading to ignition. By characterizing the transfer of heat from hot compressed oxygen into the non-metal that occurs prior to ignition, an analytical model will be developed to describe this process. A transient model of non-metals in a pure oxygen environment is considered. The development of the mathematical model that simulates the behavior of non-metal ignition when subjected to a near-adiabatic compression process is presented. The ignition model investigates various physical mechanisms, such as heat transfer mechanisms, and reaction rates to determine processes involved during the transfer of heat from hot oxygen to a non-metal prior to ignition. The focus of this model is the gas/solid interface. This research is currently ongoing. Future work will validate the model experimentally before determining maximum safe compression rates to prevent the ignition of different classes of nonmetallic materials. The significance of this research is to increase the fire safety of oxygen systems by establishing a theoretical model to reduce, or eliminate, one of the most common mechanisms of ignition found within oxygen systems—that is, adiabatic compression.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83287498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ASTM G74 has been used for many years to evaluate nonmetallic materials and components for oxygen service. When originally published in 1982, this standard considered a “passing” result to be zero ignitions of a material out of 20 samples tested. However, researchers have recognized that the originally prescribed methodology results in a cumulative binomial confidence of about 36 % for a passing result. As a result, the low confidence for a passing result could be potentially misleading when results are used to qualify materials or components for oxygen service, unless the data is analyzed through available statistical approaches. This paper summarizes research performed to evaluate the statistical aspects of gaseous fluid impact testing so that ignition probabilities can be considered in the test methodology. Data derived by the test method are evaluated by a logistic regression approach in order to describe the behavior of the materials being tested and to compare different materials or test conditions. Therefore, the statistical aspects of the test are shown to be crucial to understanding and applying the data obtained. This paper demonstrates that the ASTM G74 test and all international tests of a similar nature because all use the same test embodiment and are inherently probabilistic and subject to variability that seems random without application of appropriate statistical analysis. However, meaningful results can be developed when the appropriate statistical tools are utilized. Logistic regression analysis is only one available method to analyze binomial data (ignition/no-ignition); but it is a powerful tool that can help to bring clarity to the trends in data that are obscured by sometimes seemingly random behavior.
{"title":"Statistical Considerations for Adiabatic Compression Testing","authors":"Barry Newton, T. Steinberg","doi":"10.1520/STP159620150077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP159620150077","url":null,"abstract":"ASTM G74 has been used for many years to evaluate nonmetallic materials and components for oxygen service. When originally published in 1982, this standard considered a “passing” result to be zero ignitions of a material out of 20 samples tested. However, researchers have recognized that the originally prescribed methodology results in a cumulative binomial confidence of about 36 % for a passing result. As a result, the low confidence for a passing result could be potentially misleading when results are used to qualify materials or components for oxygen service, unless the data is analyzed through available statistical approaches. This paper summarizes research performed to evaluate the statistical aspects of gaseous fluid impact testing so that ignition probabilities can be considered in the test methodology. Data derived by the test method are evaluated by a logistic regression approach in order to describe the behavior of the materials being tested and to compare different materials or test conditions. Therefore, the statistical aspects of the test are shown to be crucial to understanding and applying the data obtained. This paper demonstrates that the ASTM G74 test and all international tests of a similar nature because all use the same test embodiment and are inherently probabilistic and subject to variability that seems random without application of appropriate statistical analysis. However, meaningful results can be developed when the appropriate statistical tools are utilized. Logistic regression analysis is only one available method to analyze binomial data (ignition/no-ignition); but it is a powerful tool that can help to bring clarity to the trends in data that are obscured by sometimes seemingly random behavior.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83889528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The burning of materials in reduced gravity has been shown to differ in many ways from burning reactions in normal gravity. In this paper, the characterization of combustion products formed from the burning of aluminum rods in high pressure oxygen was investigated in normal and reduced gravity regimes. This characterization is limited to the particle size distribution and the morphology of particles formed during the reaction because these parameters can be useful for fire prevention, fire detection, and fire suppression systems. Pressures of 200 psi (1.38 MPa) and 800 psi (5.52 MPa) were used in this study. Particle size distributions were found to be wider and to have a higher mean particle size in normal gravity and under lower pressures. Particles were spherical and were categorized by diameter and outer surface morphology. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze collected particles.
{"title":"Comparison of Combustion Products of Bulk Aluminum Rods Burning in High Pressure Oxygen in Normal and Reduced Gravity","authors":"Owen Plagens, T. Steinberg","doi":"10.1520/STP159620150064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1520/STP159620150064","url":null,"abstract":"The burning of materials in reduced gravity has been shown to differ in many ways from burning reactions in normal gravity. In this paper, the characterization of combustion products formed from the burning of aluminum rods in high pressure oxygen was investigated in normal and reduced gravity regimes. This characterization is limited to the particle size distribution and the morphology of particles formed during the reaction because these parameters can be useful for fire prevention, fire detection, and fire suppression systems. Pressures of 200 psi (1.38 MPa) and 800 psi (5.52 MPa) were used in this study. Particle size distributions were found to be wider and to have a higher mean particle size in normal gravity and under lower pressures. Particles were spherical and were categorized by diameter and outer surface morphology. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze collected particles.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85624660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between lumbar spine facet joint orientation and tropism, sagittal spinopelvic alignment, and rotational deformity, identified by radiographic and computed tomography (CT) measurements, in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). Standing whole-spine sagittal radiographs and CT scans, including the pelvis, were performed and analyzed in 60 DLS patients (16 males, 44 females; mean age 65 years). Cobb angle, pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured on standing lumbar radiographs. Facet joint orientation on both sides at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 was determined from transverse-plane CT. Facet joint tropism was defined as a difference in symmetry of more than 10 degrees between the orientations of the facet joints. There were significant differences in the incidence of facet joint tropism between the two groups at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 (P = 0.011, P = 0.043, and P = 0.004, respectively). LL was significantly smaller in type II DLS (P = 0.049). Facet joint orientation, pelvic incidence, and Cobb angle did not differ between groups. No significant correlation between LL and PI was observed in either group. This study provides a reliability analysis of rotational deformity in patients with DLS. In conclusion, we observed a significant relationship between facet joint tropism and rotational deformity in patients with DLS. Furthermore, the different types of DLS demonstrated significant differences in LL that may induce spinal symptoms.
{"title":"Facet Joint Orientation and Sagittal Spinopelvic Alignment in Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis（Accepted)","authors":"Liang Wang, Bangke Zhang, Zhiyun Li, Xuhua Lu, Q. Guo","doi":"10.1166/JNN.2016.11380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/JNN.2016.11380","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between lumbar spine facet joint orientation and tropism, sagittal spinopelvic alignment, and rotational deformity, identified by radiographic and computed tomography (CT) measurements, in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). Standing whole-spine sagittal radiographs and CT scans, including the pelvis, were performed and analyzed in 60 DLS patients (16 males, 44 females; mean age 65 years). Cobb angle, pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured on standing lumbar radiographs. Facet joint orientation on both sides at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 was determined from transverse-plane CT. Facet joint tropism was defined as a difference in symmetry of more than 10 degrees between the orientations of the facet joints. There were significant differences in the incidence of facet joint tropism between the two groups at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 (P = 0.011, P = 0.043, and P = 0.004, respectively). LL was significantly smaller in type II DLS (P = 0.049). Facet joint orientation, pelvic incidence, and Cobb angle did not differ between groups. No significant correlation between LL and PI was observed in either group. This study provides a reliability analysis of rotational deformity in patients with DLS. In conclusion, we observed a significant relationship between facet joint tropism and rotational deformity in patients with DLS. Furthermore, the different types of DLS demonstrated significant differences in LL that may induce spinal symptoms.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"353 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80081166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sai-Fu Yin, Qiang Chen, Ping Huang, Xuhua Lu, Zhiyun Li
Adult degenerative lumbar scoliosis usually occurs in people aged over 45 years. Although its etiology is still unknown, it is well-accepted that the spinal disorder starts with the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. In this study, the influence of the disc degeneration on the facet joint contact force was investigated in four loading cases, i.e., straight-standing, flex/extension, lateral-bending and axial-rotation cases. First, a 3D finite element model of normal lumbar spine was validated, and further it was modified to simulate the degenerative scoliosis of lumbar spine by decreasing the disc height on one side and simultaneously altering its material properties. For all loading cases, the facet joint forces in the degenerated segment are much greater than the others. The present study can be helpful to understand the hyperostosis of the facet joints and pain in the lower back, and further to clinical application
{"title":"The effects of adult degenerative lumbar scoliosis on the facet joint contact forces: a finite element study","authors":"Sai-Fu Yin, Qiang Chen, Ping Huang, Xuhua Lu, Zhiyun Li","doi":"10.1166/JNN.2016.11369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/JNN.2016.11369","url":null,"abstract":"Adult degenerative lumbar scoliosis usually occurs in people aged over 45 years. Although its etiology is still unknown, it is well-accepted that the spinal disorder starts with the degeneration of the intervertebral disc. In this study, the influence of the disc degeneration on the facet joint contact force was investigated in four loading cases, i.e., straight-standing, flex/extension, lateral-bending and axial-rotation cases. First, a 3D finite element model of normal lumbar spine was validated, and further it was modified to simulate the degenerative scoliosis of lumbar spine by decreasing the disc height on one side and simultaneously altering its material properties. For all loading cases, the facet joint forces in the degenerated segment are much greater than the others. The present study can be helpful to understand the hyperostosis of the facet joints and pain in the lower back, and further to clinical application","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"219 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84364695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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