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Box-columns with combined axial compressive and torsional loading 具有轴向压缩和扭转组合载荷的箱形柱
Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.26180/14969676.V1
M. Mahendran
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引用次数: 6
E-tendering readiness in construction: an a priori model 建设中的电子投标准备:一个先验模型
Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2018.10014397
M. Al-Yahya, M. Skitmore, A. Bridge, M. Nepal, D. Cattell
Purpose To develop a conceptual model to assess the e-Tendering readiness in any construction organisation prior to implementation. Design/methodology/approach This involves a review of previous e-Tendering models, the importance of e-Tendering models for the construction industry and the requirements for developing e-TRMs. Findings A model contains five themes: People, Process, Work Environment, Technology and Service Providers. The e-TRM themes consist of thirteen constructs representing the basic items for e-Tendering readiness. Research limitations/implications Ultimately, the e-TRM can be used worldwide; however, the model needs to be tested empirically for verification. Practical implications To update previous IT/IS models by developing the themes that partially contribute to the research literature on traditional and electronic tendering and the body of knowledge in the construction industry. Originality/value The Service Providers theme with its constructs (communication, market and technical) is proposed for the first time as a necessary support for successful e-Tendering implementation.
目的建立一个概念模型,以评估任何建筑组织在实施电子投标之前的准备情况。设计/方法/方法这包括对以往电子投标模式的回顾,电子投标模式对建筑行业的重要性,以及开发电子投标机制的要求。模型包含五个主题:人员、流程、工作环境、技术和服务提供者。e-TRM主题包括13个结构,代表电子投标准备的基本项目。最终,e-TRM可以在世界范围内使用;然而,该模型需要经过实证检验才能得到验证。通过发展对传统和电子投标研究文献以及建筑行业知识体系有部分贡献的主题,更新以前的IT/IS模型。服务提供商主题及其结构(沟通、市场和技术)首次被提出,作为成功实施电子投标的必要支持。
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引用次数: 9
Improving the efficiency of fully Bayesian optimal design of experiments using randomised quasi-Monte Carlo 利用随机拟蒙特卡罗提高实验全贝叶斯优化设计的效率
Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1214/16-BA1045
C. Drovandi, Minh-Ngoc Tran
Optimal experimental design is an important methodology for most efficiently allocating resources in an experiment to best achieve some goal. Bayesian experimental design considers the potential impact that various choices of the controllable variables has on the posterior distribution of the unknowns. Optimal Bayesian design involves optimising an expected utility function, which is an analytically intractable integral over the prior predictive distribution. These integrals are typically estimated via standard Monte Carlo methods. In this paper, we demonstrate that the use of randomised quasi-Monte Carlo can bring significant reductions to the variance of the estimated expected utility. This variance reduction will then lead to a more efficient optimisation algorithm for maximising the expected utility.
最优实验设计是在实验中最有效地分配资源以达到最佳目标的一种重要方法。贝叶斯实验设计考虑了可控变量的各种选择对未知变量后验分布的潜在影响。最优贝叶斯设计涉及优化期望效用函数,这是一个解析上难以处理的先验预测分布积分。这些积分通常是通过标准蒙特卡罗方法估计的。在本文中,我们证明了随机化拟蒙特卡罗的使用可以显著减少估计的期望效用的方差。这种方差的减少将导致更有效的优化算法,以最大化预期效用。
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引用次数: 23
Enhancement of confined air jet impingement heat transfer using perforated pin fin heat sinks 利用穿孔针翅散热器增强密闭空气射流冲击传热
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-0697-5_10
Md Farhad Ismail, S. Saha
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引用次数: 3
Measuring impacts and risks to the public of a privately operated toll road project by considering perspectives in cost-benefit analysis 通过考虑成本效益分析的角度来衡量私营收费公路项目对公众的影响和风险
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1061/JTEPBS.0000088
Sae Chi, J. Bunker, Melissa Teo
Decision making about transport infrastructure investment is based on the net impacts and risks to the community. The private sector is often involved in toll road projects, including various schemes to design, build, operate and/or finance the project either in a partnership with a host government, independently, or in some combination. Cost-Benefit Analysis of a privately operated toll road require careful allocations of project impacts, in order to properly reflect the net impacts and risks to the community from the host government’s perspective. This study investigates whether alternative assumptions are valid from differing perspectives, when toll roads are delivered and operated privately rather than by a host government. Treatments of tolls and other toll road project related payments are considered from different perspectives. Cost-Benefit Analysis is conducted for a synthesised toll tunnel project case by considering alternating treatments of some impacts. This leads to the exploration of analyses outcomes when the treatment of tolls differ when two perspectives of “toll as a transfer payment” and “toll as an end user cost” are considered. Various scenarios are explored including public versus private operations. The Monte Carlo simulation approach is used to account the risks of variables in the analysis. The synthesised case study revealed that, for privately operated toll roads, treating toll charges as a transfer payment, and alternatively as an end user cost, can both be valid approaches but from two perspectives. Moreover, the analysis outcomes under different perspectives are particularly helpful to make decisions on the basis of the impacts and risks solely from the perspective of the host government. The proposed methodology can examine various scenarios other than the ones examined in this study and is extremely useful in the project evaluation of privately operated toll road projects.
交通基础设施投资的决策是基于对社区的净影响和风险。私营部门经常参与收费公路项目,包括与东道国政府合作、独立或以某种组合方式设计、建造、运营和/或融资项目的各种方案。对私营收费公路进行成本效益分析,需要仔细分配项目影响,以便从东道国政府的角度正确反映对社区的净影响和风险。本研究从不同的角度调查了当收费公路由私人而不是由东道国政府交付和运营时,其他假设是否有效。从不同的角度考虑过路费和其他收费公路项目相关付款的处理。以综合收费隧道工程为例,考虑对某些影响的交替处理,进行成本效益分析。当考虑“作为转移支付的通行费”和“作为最终用户成本的通行费”两种观点时,通行费的处理方式不同,这导致了对分析结果的探索。探讨了各种场景,包括公共与私人运营。蒙特卡罗模拟方法用于考虑分析中变量的风险。综合案例研究表明,对于私人运营的收费公路,将收费作为转移支付,或者作为最终用户成本,都可以是有效的方法,但从两个角度来看。此外,不同视角下的分析结果对仅从东道国政府角度考虑影响和风险的决策特别有帮助。建议的方法可以检验除本研究之外的各种情况,在评估私营收费公路项目时非常有用。
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引用次数: 8
Evaluating the safety climate of ethnic minority construction workers in Hong Kong 香港少数族裔建筑工人的安全环境评估
Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EI.1943-5541.0000333
Albert P. C. Chan, A. Javed, Francis K. W. Wong, C. Hon, Sainan Lyu
The Hong Kong construction industry is facing a severe labour shortage due to an ageing workforce and a lack of new entrants, even at a time of construction boom. To improve this situation, ethnic minorities (EMs) have been attracted to join the construction industry. In many developed countries, however, some unofficial statistics show that EMs suffer higher fatality rates than their local counterparts. It is clear that the safety of ethnic minority (EM) construction workers requires more attention. The objectives of this study, therefore, were to evaluate the safety climate among EM construction workers in Hong Kong, to predict the impact of safety climate factors as they affect the likelihood of injury occurrences and to determine the relationships between safety climate and the safety performance of EM workers. A questionnaire survey was administrated to Pakistani and Nepalese construction workers in Hong Kong. The results revealed that the overall average safety climate score for both EM groups was not very high and that the Pakistani worker scores were higher than the Nepalese worker scores. EM frontline-workers scored less than EM supervisors and managers. Among seven safety climate factors, "Workers personal involvement in safety and health (F5)" was ranked highest and "Perception of safety rules and regulations (F4)", was ranked lowest. "Risk taking behaviour and perception of work risk (F3)" and "Workers personal involvement in safety and health (F5)" were identified as significant predictors of injury occurrence. Furthermore, the safety climate was significantly associated with the degree of safety participation and safety compliance. It was expected that the findings of the study would provide an insight into the level of safety climate among EM workers, enabling organizations and practitioners around the world to improve safe working among EM workers.
香港建造业正面临严重的劳动力短缺,原因是劳动力老龄化和缺乏新进入者,即使在建造业繁荣时期也是如此。为了改善这种情况,政府吸引少数族裔加入建造业。然而,在许多发达国家,一些非官方统计数据表明,新兴医疗机构的死亡率高于当地同类机构。显然,少数民族建筑工人的安全需要更多的关注。因此,本研究的目的是评估香港新兴建筑工人的安全气候,预测影响伤害发生可能性的安全气候因素的影响,并确定安全气候与新兴建筑工人安全绩效之间的关系。本研究对在港工作的巴基斯坦及尼泊尔建筑工人进行问卷调查。结果显示,两个新兴市场群体的总体平均安全气候得分都不是很高,巴基斯坦工人的得分高于尼泊尔工人的得分。电子商务一线员工的得分低于电子商务主管和经理。在7个安全气候因素中,“工人对安全与健康的个人参与(F5)”排名最高,“对安全规章制度的感知(F4)”排名最低。"冒险行为和对工作风险的认知(F3)"和"工人个人对安全和健康的参与(F5)"被确定为伤害发生的重要预测因素。此外,安全气候与安全参与程度和安全合规显著相关。预计研究结果将深入了解EM工人的安全气候水平,使世界各地的组织和从业人员能够改善EM工人的安全工作。
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引用次数: 35
Simulation of dynamic behaviour of a biological wastewater treatment plant in South East Queensland, Australia using bio-win software 利用bio-win软件模拟澳大利亚昆士兰东南部的一个生物污水处理厂的动态行为
Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.4186/EJ.2017.21.3.1
Chathurani Moragspitiya, J. Rajapakse, W. Senadeera, Imtiaj Ali
Wastewater treatment is the process of removing pollutants from liquid waste using physical, chemical and biological methods by converting it into an acceptable final effluent before discharging into a water body or reuse, and to safely dispose of solids generated during the treatment process. Limited parameters in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) are usually measured due to the significant cost and time involved with them. The mathematical modelling is increasingly becoming a well-established technique among researchers as well as practicing engineers to study the behaviour of wastewater treatment process as it provides more accurate predictions within the limited time frame at a reduced cost. Therefore, this technique can be used to study the engineering design of modern water resource recovery facilities that experience in increasing demands on control of effluent quality. The research work presented here is focused on studying the dynamic (time dependent) behaviours of the wastewater treatment plant in south east Queensland, Australia using the mathematical modelling technique implemented using Bio-Win software. The model developed has been calibrated and validated based on the measured data from the WWTP. The main benefit of this research work is that the developed and validated model can be used to study the non-measured important parameters of the WWTP.
废水处理是利用物理、化学和生物方法将液体废物转化为可接受的最终流出物,然后再排入水体或再利用,并安全处置处理过程中产生的固体的过程。污水处理厂(WWTP)的有限参数通常是测量的,因为它们涉及巨大的成本和时间。由于数学模型在有限的时间内以较低的成本提供更准确的预测,因此越来越成为研究人员和实践工程师研究废水处理过程行为的一种成熟技术。因此,该技术可用于研究对出水水质控制要求越来越高的现代水资源回收设施的工程设计。本文介绍的研究工作主要集中在研究澳大利亚昆士兰东南部污水处理厂的动态(时间依赖)行为,使用Bio-Win软件实现数学建模技术。根据世界污水处理厂的实测数据,对所建立的模型进行了校正和验证。本研究的主要好处是建立并验证的模型可用于研究污水处理厂未测量的重要参数。
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引用次数: 6
Reduction of artefacts caused by missing ray-sum data in optical-CT imaging of implants in gel dosimeters 减少凝胶剂量计中植入物的光学ct成像中射线和数据缺失引起的伪影
Pub Date : 2017-06-05 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/847/1/012070
A. Asena, Shaun T. Smith, T. Kairn, S. Crowe, R. Franich, J. Trapp
This study demonstrates the degradation in image quality, and subsequent dose evaluation inaccuracies, that are encountered when an optical-CT system reconstructs an image slice of a gel dosimeter containing an opaque implant, and evaluates the feasibility of a simple correction method to improve the accuracy of radiotherapy dose distribution measurements under these circumstances. MATLAB was used to create a number of different virtual phantoms and treatment plans along with their synthetic projections and reconstructed data sets. The results have illustrated that accurately evaluating 3D gel dose distributions in the vicinity of high-Z interfaces is not possible using the filtered back projection method, without correction, as there are serious artefacts throughout the dose volume that are induced by the missing ray-sum data. Equivalent artefacts were present in physical measurements of irradiated PAGAT gel containers when read by an optical-CT system. An interpolation correction performed prior to reconstruction via the filtered back projection algorithm has been shown to significantly improve dose evaluation accuracy to within approximately 15 mm of the opacity. With careful placement of the implant within the gel sample, and use of the linear interpolation method described in this study, there is the potential for more accurate optical CT imaging of gels containing opaque objects.
本研究展示了光学ct系统重建含有不透明植入物的凝胶剂量计的图像切片时所遇到的图像质量下降和随后的剂量评估不准确性,并评估了在这种情况下提高放疗剂量分布测量精度的简单校正方法的可行性。使用MATLAB创建了许多不同的虚拟幻影和治疗方案,以及它们的合成投影和重建数据集。结果表明,在没有校正的情况下,使用滤波后投影法不可能准确评估高z界面附近的三维凝胶剂量分布,因为在整个剂量体积中存在严重的伪影,这些伪影是由缺失的射线和数据引起的。等效的人工制品是存在于物理测量辐照PAGAT凝胶容器时,由光学ct系统读取。在通过滤波后投影算法重建之前进行的插值校正已被证明可以显着提高剂量评估精度,其精度在不透明度的约15mm范围内。通过在凝胶样品中仔细放置植入物,并使用本研究中描述的线性插值方法,有可能对含有不透明物体的凝胶进行更精确的光学CT成像。
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引用次数: 1
Information literacy and informed learning: Conceptual innovations for IL research and practice futures 信息素养和知情学习:信息素养研究和实践未来的概念创新
Pub Date : 2017-06-05 DOI: 10.11645/11.1.2184
C. Bruce, Andrew Demasson, H. Hughes, Mandy Lupton, E. Abdi, C. Maybee, M. Somerville, A. Mirijamdotter
Our paper draws together conceptual innovations emerging from the work of a group of researchers focussed on the relational approach to information literacy, more recently labelled ‘informed learning’. Team members have been working together in various configurations for periods ranging from seven to seventeen years. Our collaborative approach continues to yield new concepts and constructs which we believe to be of value to ongoing research and practice. Some of the ideas discussed have been previouly published, while others are being put forward for the first time. All are significant in that they together form new constructs that have emerged from a focus on the relational approach to information literacy. In this paper, Christine Bruce introduces the background to this work and the contributing researchers. Then the individual authors present the key directions which they have developed and are leading, typically working with one or more of the wider network. The key ideas presented are: The expressive window for information literacy (Mandy Lupton); information experience design (Elham Sayyad Abdi); cross-contextuality and experienced identity (Andrew Demasson); informed learning design (Clarence Maybee); spaces for inclusive informed learning (Hilary Hughes); and informed systems (Mary Somerville and Anita Mirjamdotter).  In each piece, authors reflect on what the idea is about, where it came from and what it might mean for research and practice.
我们的论文汇集了一组研究人员的工作中出现的概念创新,这些研究人员专注于信息素养的关系方法,最近被称为“知情学习”。团队成员以不同的形式一起工作了7到17年。我们的合作方法不断产生新的概念和结构,我们相信这些概念和结构对正在进行的研究和实践有价值。讨论的一些观点以前已经发表过,而另一些则是第一次提出。所有这些都很重要,因为它们共同形成了新的结构,这些结构是从关注信息素养的关系方法中出现的。在本文中,克里斯汀·布鲁斯介绍了这项工作的背景和贡献的研究人员。然后,每个作者介绍他们已经开发和正在领导的关键方向,通常与一个或多个更广泛的网络合作。提出的主要观点是:信息素养的表达窗口(Mandy Lupton);信息体验设计(Elham Sayyad Abdi);跨情境性和经验身份(安德鲁·德马森);知情学习设计(克拉伦斯·梅比);包容的知识学习空间(希拉里·休斯);和知情系统(玛丽·萨默维尔和安妮塔·米尔贾波特)。在每一篇文章中,作者都反思了这个想法是关于什么的,它来自哪里,以及它对研究和实践可能意味着什么。
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引用次数: 36
CS2 analysis in presence of non-Gaussian background noise: Effect on traditional estimators and resilience of log-envelope indicators 非高斯背景噪声存在下的CS2分析:对传统估计量和对数包络指标弹性的影响
Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.YMSSP.2016.12.033
P. Borghesani, J. Antoni
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引用次数: 65
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