Pub Date : 2017-05-23DOI: 10.1130/ABS/2017CD-292843
L. Ferrari, T. Orozco-Esquivel, S. Bryan, M. López‐Martínez
Emerging over the past decade has been a new view on the genesis of, and links between, the Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province, the Comondu Group of Baja California and the Gulf of California rift. Underpinning this has been a wealth of new data from both margins of the Gulf of California including offshore sampling, and marine geophysical data, in part seeded by the NSF Margins program where the Gulf of California was a principal focus site. Previously, the Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province and Comondu Group had been widely regarded as supra - subduction volcanism with the Comondu Group in particular, defining the location of the early to mid - Miocene supra - subduction zone volcanic arc, and therefore acting as both a spatial and temporal barrier to when rifting of the Gulf of California could begin. More broadly, this continental magmatism occurring during the last phase of subduction of the Farallon Plate between the Late Eocene and the Middle Miocene, shows little to n o petrogenetic connection to the active plate boundary and is more strongly linked to the progressive thinning of the upper plate and establishment of a shallow asthenospheric mantle beneath western Mexico. A database developed for this study of 4255 ages and chemical analyses for igneous rocks from 100 to 5 Ma from across western Mexico, reveals a significant transition period between 50 and 40 Ma where relatively low - volume magmatism was established across a broad area up to 800 km wide and extended up to 1000 km in board of the paleotrench. Since 40 Ma, magma fluxes greatly increased across this broad belt and compositions were initially silicic - dominated but quickly became bimodal by ~30 Ma. The space - time pattern of crustal extension is constrained in 39 areas, for which the approximate age of extension can be established on the basis of geologic relations or thermochronology. The onset of continental extension is constrained to the Eocene when extensional basins developed across the Central Plateau and the easternmost part of the Sierra Madre Occidental, approximately 500 km in board of the paleo - plate boundary. By the end of Oligocene, crustal extension had affected a wide region (250 km width) from the eastern Sierra Madre Occidental to the site of the future Gulf of California (wide rift mode). Concomitant with this extension was: 1) a widespread invasion of the mid to upper crust by mafic magmas with lithospheric signatures (the southern cordillera orogenic basaltic andesite suite or SCORBA), and lesser erupted volumes of uncontaminated asthenosphere - derived within - plate lavas, and; 2) crustal melting producing voluminous pulses of silicic ignimbrite eruptions (the SMO SLIP) with a ferroan (dry) and transitional within - plate signature. At ~19 Ma, ortho gonal extension became focused between the western side of the SMO and eastern Baja California in a ~80 - 100 km wide belt.
{"title":"Cenozoic extension and magmatism in Western Mexico: Linking the Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province and the Comondú Group with the gulf of California rift","authors":"L. Ferrari, T. Orozco-Esquivel, S. Bryan, M. López‐Martínez","doi":"10.1130/ABS/2017CD-292843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ABS/2017CD-292843","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging over the past decade has been a new view on the genesis of, and links between, the Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province, the Comondu Group of Baja California and the Gulf of California rift. Underpinning this has been a wealth of new data from both margins of the Gulf of California including offshore sampling, and marine geophysical data, in part seeded by the NSF Margins program where the Gulf of California was a principal focus site. Previously, the Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province and Comondu Group had been widely regarded as supra - subduction volcanism with the Comondu Group in particular, defining the location of the early to mid - Miocene supra - subduction zone volcanic arc, and therefore acting as both a spatial and temporal barrier to when rifting of the Gulf of California could begin. More broadly, this continental magmatism occurring during the last phase of subduction of the Farallon Plate between the Late Eocene and the Middle Miocene, shows little to n o petrogenetic connection to the active plate boundary and is more strongly linked to the progressive thinning of the upper plate and establishment of a shallow asthenospheric mantle beneath western Mexico. A database developed for this study of 4255 ages and chemical analyses for igneous rocks from 100 to 5 Ma from across western Mexico, reveals a significant transition period between 50 and 40 Ma where relatively low - volume magmatism was established across a broad area up to 800 km wide and extended up to 1000 km in board of the paleotrench. Since 40 Ma, magma fluxes greatly increased across this broad belt and compositions were initially silicic - dominated but quickly became bimodal by ~30 Ma. The space - time pattern of crustal extension is constrained in 39 areas, for which the approximate age of extension can be established on the basis of geologic relations or thermochronology. The onset of continental extension is constrained to the Eocene when extensional basins developed across the Central Plateau and the easternmost part of the Sierra Madre Occidental, approximately 500 km in board of the paleo - plate boundary. By the end of Oligocene, crustal extension had affected a wide region (250 km width) from the eastern Sierra Madre Occidental to the site of the future Gulf of California (wide rift mode). Concomitant with this extension was: \u0000 \u00001) a widespread invasion of the mid to upper crust by mafic magmas with lithospheric signatures (the southern cordillera orogenic basaltic andesite suite or SCORBA), and lesser erupted volumes of uncontaminated asthenosphere - derived within - plate lavas, and; \u0000 \u00002) crustal melting producing voluminous pulses of silicic ignimbrite eruptions (the SMO SLIP) with a ferroan (dry) and transitional within - plate signature. At ~19 Ma, ortho gonal extension became focused between the western side of the SMO and eastern Baja California in a ~80 - 100 km wide belt.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75789331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.29085/9781783301348.005
M. Somerville, C. Bruce
This chapter explores an approach known as Informed Systems, which builds organizational learning conditions and knowledge creation experiences enabled by workplace communication systems and associated information practices. Antecedent thought associated with Informed Systems, which has its roots in relational information literacy, also integrates constructivist learning, systems thinking, and knowledge creation theories to advance ‘informed learning’, the experience of using information to learn, within constructed workplace ecosystems. Activated as action research and enacted through participatory co-design, this approach privileges collective inquiry to further learning relationships and informed learning experiences (i.e., advance both information and learning experiences simultaneously). Associated professional practices facilitated by both technology- and human-enabled workplace communication systems guide the experience of using information to learn. Such experiences are amplified by dialogue and reflection, to foster knowledge creation for ‘learning in action’. Central to the informed systems approach is nimble thought leadership and collaborative information-focused activities, customizable to changing local situations, that foster informed learning capacity in the contemporary workplace.
{"title":"From transaction to transformation: Organizational learning and knowledge creation experience within Informed Systems","authors":"M. Somerville, C. Bruce","doi":"10.29085/9781783301348.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29085/9781783301348.005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores an approach known as Informed Systems, which builds organizational learning conditions and knowledge creation experiences enabled by workplace communication systems and associated information practices. Antecedent thought associated with Informed Systems, which has its roots in relational information literacy, also integrates constructivist learning, systems thinking, and knowledge creation theories to advance ‘informed learning’, the experience of using information to learn, within constructed workplace ecosystems. Activated as action research and enacted through participatory co-design, this approach privileges collective inquiry to further learning relationships and informed learning experiences (i.e., advance both information and learning experiences simultaneously). Associated professional practices facilitated by both technology- and human-enabled workplace communication systems guide the experience of using information to learn. Such experiences are amplified by dialogue and reflection, to foster knowledge creation for ‘learning in action’. Central to the informed systems approach is nimble thought leadership and collaborative information-focused activities, customizable to changing local situations, that foster informed learning capacity in the contemporary workplace.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"12 1","pages":"41-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77582182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2017.02.027
K. Deilami, M. Kamruzzaman
{"title":"Modelling the urban heat island effect of smart growth policy scenarios in Brisbane","authors":"K. Deilami, M. Kamruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2017.02.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2017.02.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90726300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-07DOI: 10.1002/9781119190691.CH17
Jay Yang, K. Goh, G. Shen, Dezhi Li, Tan Yigitcanlar
Renewal of urban transport infrastructure faces many challenges such as shortage of funding and poor redevelopment decisions. The variety of stakeholders involved brings about different communication protocols as well as competing interests. This affects the understanding, agreement and collaboration on sustainable measures and deliverables. Short-term focused and reactive decision-making in professional silos is a symptom of such problems in Australia. As the source for infrastructure funding shifts from governments to end users, how to engage community groups, identify issues, harness collective input and communicate actions should be on top of the agenda. Advancement of web technologies presents the feasibility of developing a social-media compatible portal for communication and engagement of all involved stakeholders. Characteristics and key issues of urban renewal need to be explored together with decision making patterns and approaches. This will inform the industry to change old practices to innovative decision making, in order to optimise goals of sustainability, public policies, private investors’ priority and community interests.
{"title":"Transforming Communication and Decision‐making Practices for Sustainable Renewal of Urban Transport Infrastructure","authors":"Jay Yang, K. Goh, G. Shen, Dezhi Li, Tan Yigitcanlar","doi":"10.1002/9781119190691.CH17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119190691.CH17","url":null,"abstract":"Renewal of urban transport infrastructure faces many challenges such as shortage of funding and poor redevelopment decisions. The variety of stakeholders involved brings about different communication protocols as well as competing interests. This affects the understanding, agreement and collaboration on sustainable measures and deliverables. Short-term focused and reactive decision-making in professional silos is a symptom of such problems in Australia. As the source for infrastructure funding shifts from governments to end users, how to engage community groups, identify issues, harness collective input and communicate actions should be on top of the agenda. Advancement of web technologies presents the feasibility of developing a social-media compatible portal for communication and engagement of all involved stakeholders. Characteristics and key issues of urban renewal need to be explored together with decision making patterns and approaches. This will inform the industry to change old practices to innovative decision making, in order to optimise goals of sustainability, public policies, private investors’ priority and community interests.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"10 1","pages":"285-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76395809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.29085/9781783301348.006
E. Abdi
This Chapter discusses how virtuality of work can enhance the experience of information literacy. Virtuality of work refers to accomplishment of day-to-day job through the intermediary of cyberspace (Shekhar, 2006). Virtuality as discussed in this book chapter, focuses on the nature of work context and is considered as an inherent characteristic of work practices. Virtuality of work in this sense focuses mainly on the work context rather than the workplace. Therefore, what is of interest here is not a virtual workplace but rather work practices that need a virtual context to be executed in. In this regard, the present chapter argues that in professions in which virtuality is an essential component, information literacy can be experienced beyond the workplace boundaries and at a professional level. This is introduced as a result of possibilities virtuality allows, particularly with respect to its potential to enhance interactions among people. It will use an example work context to review the role of virtuality in workplace information literacy experience. It considers how virtuality, as an element of work context, enables information literacy to be experienced beyond workplace boundaries and at a professional level and perhaps as a new theoretical construct for information literacy. This chapter is specifically of interest to people for whom virtuality is a key component of their workplaces. Educators and information professionals who assist these cohorts might also benefit from the insights provided. Additionally, the chapter sheds light on the practice of associated professional bodies/organisations to enable them to support information literacy of people in those fields.
{"title":"Virtuality at work: An enabler of professional information literacy","authors":"E. Abdi","doi":"10.29085/9781783301348.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29085/9781783301348.006","url":null,"abstract":"This Chapter discusses how virtuality of work can enhance the experience of information literacy. Virtuality of work refers to accomplishment of day-to-day job through the intermediary of cyberspace (Shekhar, 2006). Virtuality as discussed in this book chapter, focuses on the nature of work context and is considered as an inherent characteristic of work practices. Virtuality of work in this sense focuses mainly on the work context rather than the workplace. Therefore, what is of interest here is not a virtual workplace but rather work practices that need a virtual context to be executed in. In this regard, the present chapter argues that in professions in which virtuality is an essential component, information literacy can be experienced beyond the workplace boundaries and at a professional level. This is introduced as a result of possibilities virtuality allows, particularly with respect to its potential to enhance interactions among people. It will use an example work context to review the role of virtuality in workplace information literacy experience. It considers how virtuality, as an element of work context, enables information literacy to be experienced beyond workplace boundaries and at a professional level and perhaps as a new theoretical construct for information literacy. This chapter is specifically of interest to people for whom virtuality is a key component of their workplaces. Educators and information professionals who assist these cohorts might also benefit from the insights provided. Additionally, the chapter sheds light on the practice of associated professional bodies/organisations to enable them to support information literacy of people in those fields.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89929287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ann Gillespie, Faye Q. Miller, Helen Partridge, C. Bruce, A. Howlett
Objective This article presents the findings of a project which established an empirical basis for evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP). More specifically, the paper explores what library and information professionals experienced as evidence in the context of their professional practice. Methods The project consisted of two sub-studies. The public library sub-study was conducted using ethnography. Over a 5-month period, a member of the research team travelled to a regional public library on 15 occasions, staying between 3 and 4 days on each visit. The researcher observed, interacted, and became involved in the day-to-day activities of this library. These activities were recorded in a journal and added to the researcher’s insights and thoughts. Additionally, 13 face-to-face interviews with staff in positions ranging from the operational to the executive were conducted. The academic sub-study was conducted using Constructivist Grounded Theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted either in person or via Skype, with 13 librarians from Australian universities. Interviewees were in a diverse array of roles, from liaison librarian to manager and library director. Results The project found that the Australian academic librarians and the public librarians who participated in the project experienced six elements as evidence: observation, feedback, professional colleagues, research literature, statistics, and intuition. Each of these will be described and highlighted with examples from each of the two studies. Conclusions The findings of this study revealed many similarities in the way that library professionals from both studies experienced evidence. Evidence was not hierarchical, with evidence from many sources being valued equally. In contextualizing evidence and applying to the local environment, library professionals were able to draw upon more than one source of evidence and apply their professional knowledge and experiences. In this way evidence was more nuanced.
{"title":"What do Australian library and information professionals experience as evidence","authors":"Ann Gillespie, Faye Q. Miller, Helen Partridge, C. Bruce, A. Howlett","doi":"10.18438/B8R645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18438/B8R645","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000 \u0000This article presents the findings of a project which established an empirical basis for evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP). More specifically, the paper explores what library and information professionals experienced as evidence in the context of their professional practice. \u0000 \u0000 Methods \u0000 \u0000The project consisted of two sub-studies. The public library sub-study was conducted using ethnography. Over a 5-month period, a member of the research team travelled to a regional public library on 15 occasions, staying between 3 and 4 days on each visit. The researcher observed, interacted, and became involved in the day-to-day activities of this library. These activities were recorded in a journal and added to the researcher’s insights and thoughts. Additionally, 13 face-to-face interviews with staff in positions ranging from the operational to the executive were conducted. The academic sub-study was conducted using Constructivist Grounded Theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted either in person or via Skype, with 13 librarians from Australian universities. Interviewees were in a diverse array of roles, from liaison librarian to manager and library director. Results \u0000 \u0000The project found that the Australian academic librarians and the public librarians who participated in the project experienced six elements as evidence: observation, feedback, professional colleagues, research literature, statistics, and intuition. Each of these will be described and highlighted with examples from each of the two studies. \u0000 \u0000 Conclusions \u0000 \u0000The findings of this study revealed many similarities in the way that library professionals from both studies experienced evidence. Evidence was not hierarchical, with evidence from many sources being valued equally. In contextualizing evidence and applying to the local environment, library professionals were able to draw upon more than one source of evidence and apply their professional knowledge and experiences. In this way evidence was more nuanced.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86447697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-06DOI: 10.5176/2251-1857_m317.16
Phani Kumari Paritala, Tejasri Yarlagadda, R. Sreeram, P. Yarlagadda
Healthcare industry is one of the most important sectors that had made substantial progress over the past few decades and is continuing to evolve in many different areas. The applications of digital manufacturing technologies such as three dimensional (3D) printing are rapidly increasing and likely to transform the healthcare industry. Moreover, 3D printing capabilities align well with the needs of medical applications and are feasible for specialized pre-surgical planning, prosthetic applications, tissue engineering and organ printing, regenerative medicine etc. Furthermore, 3D printing technology has significant potential for development in various aspects of the modern healthcare industry, due to its capability of printing customized, complex, multi-material geometries.Therefore, in the next few years, 3D printing is expected to transform the healthcare industry. However, the limitations due to initial equipment cost, lack of expertise, and lack of suitable materials and stability of the printed materials need to be addressed to take full advantage of the technology.
{"title":"Impact of digital manufacturing on health care industry","authors":"Phani Kumari Paritala, Tejasri Yarlagadda, R. Sreeram, P. Yarlagadda","doi":"10.5176/2251-1857_m317.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2251-1857_m317.16","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare industry is one of the most important sectors that had made substantial progress over the past few decades and is continuing to evolve in many different areas. The applications of digital manufacturing technologies such as three dimensional (3D) printing are \u0000rapidly increasing and likely to transform the healthcare \u0000industry. Moreover, 3D printing capabilities align well with the needs of medical applications and are feasible for specialized pre-surgical planning, prosthetic applications, tissue engineering and organ printing, regenerative medicine etc. Furthermore, 3D printing technology has significant potential for development in various aspects of the modern healthcare industry, due to its capability of printing customized, complex, multi-material geometries.Therefore, in the next few years, 3D printing is expected to transform the healthcare industry. However, the limitations due to initial equipment cost, lack of expertise, and lack of suitable materials and stability of the printed materials need to be addressed to take full advantage of the technology.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89985837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of background ionization on the ignition dynamics of the pulsed plasma plume is studied. The ignition delay time of each pulse is investigated by recording the voltage signal and the light emission signal. By changing the frequency, the relationship between the pulse-off time and the ignition delay time is revealed. This indicates that residual active species produced in the previous discharge play a role in the next one. With the decrease in the frequency, both time delay and ignition delay time increase. This is due to the decay of the reactive species densities in the pulse-off time. Lower concentrations of these species lead to a longer ignition delay time. The functions for calculating the ignition delay time are utilized to explain the effect of residual species. The independent data of each discharge also evidence the impact of the previous pulse. The exotic relationship between the ignition delay times of the first two pulses may be due to the electrode configuration used in this work. For a pin-to-plane electrode structure, the active species produced during the breakdown are accumulated around the anode (pin-point) where the discharge initiated for the asymmetrical electric field distribution.
{"title":"Effect of background ionization on plasma ignition dynamics","authors":"Y. Qiu, Y. Xian, Xinpei Lu, K. Ostrikov","doi":"10.1063/1.4977805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4977805","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of background ionization on the ignition dynamics of the pulsed plasma plume is studied. The ignition delay time of each pulse is investigated by recording the voltage signal and the light emission signal. By changing the frequency, the relationship between the pulse-off time and the ignition delay time is revealed. This indicates that residual active species produced in the previous discharge play a role in the next one. With the decrease in the frequency, both time delay and ignition delay time increase. This is due to the decay of the reactive species densities in the pulse-off time. Lower concentrations of these species lead to a longer ignition delay time. The functions for calculating the ignition delay time are utilized to explain the effect of residual species. The independent data of each discharge also evidence the impact of the previous pulse. The exotic relationship between the ignition delay times of the first two pulses may be due to the electrode configuration used in this work. For a pin-to-plane electrode structure, the active species produced during the breakdown are accumulated around the anode (pin-point) where the discharge initiated for the asymmetrical electric field distribution.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91224048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Article free to read on jounal website. A key challenge of wide-area kinematic positioning using the BeiDou system is to reduce the effects of the elevation-dependent hardware biases in code signals. Based on three geometry-free/ionosphere-free combinations, the elevation-dependent code biases are modeled for all BeiDou satellites. Results from the data sets for 5 baselines of 533 to 2545 km demonstrate that the wide-lane (WL) integer-fixing success rates of 95% to 99% can be achieved within 50 independent epochs. Under the condition of HDOP less than 2, the overall RMS statistics of ionospheric-free WL single-epoch solutions achieve 24 to 50 cm in the horizontal direction. Smoothing processing over the moving window of 40 epochs reduces the RMS values by a factor of about 2. Considering the distance-independent nature, the above results show the potential for achieving reliable and high-precision positioning with sparsely distributed ground stations regionally or globally.
{"title":"Wide-area kinematic positioning with BeiDou triple-frequency signals","authors":"Yanming Feng, Yongchao Wang, Xiaopeng Gong, Shengfeng Gu","doi":"10.1002/NAVI.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/NAVI.174","url":null,"abstract":"Article free to read on jounal website. \u0000 \u0000A key challenge of wide-area kinematic positioning using the BeiDou system is to reduce the effects of the elevation-dependent hardware biases in code signals. Based on three geometry-free/ionosphere-free combinations, the elevation-dependent code biases are modeled for all BeiDou satellites. Results from the data sets for 5 baselines of 533 to 2545 km demonstrate that the wide-lane (WL) integer-fixing success rates of 95% to 99% can be achieved within 50 independent epochs. Under the condition of HDOP less than 2, the overall RMS statistics of ionospheric-free WL single-epoch solutions achieve 24 to 50 cm in the horizontal direction. Smoothing processing over the moving window of 40 epochs reduces the RMS values by a factor of about 2. Considering the distance-independent nature, the above results show the potential for achieving reliable and high-precision positioning with sparsely distributed ground stations regionally or globally.","PeriodicalId":21486,"journal":{"name":"Science & Engineering Faculty","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76203479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Behnaz Behi, A. Arefi, H. Pezeshki, Farhad Shahnia
Many distribution transformers have already exceeded half of their expected service life of 35 years in the infrastructure of Western Power, the electric distribution company supplying south west of Western Australia, Australia. Therefore, it is anticipated that a high investment on transformer replacement happens in the near future. However, high renewable integration and demand response are promising resources to defer the investment on infrastructure upgrade and extend the lifetime of transformers. This paper investigates the impact of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) integration and customer engagement through demand response (DR) on the lifetime of transformers in electric distribution networks. To this aim, first, a time series modelling of load, DR and PV is utilised for each year over a planning period. This load model is applied to a typical distribution transformer for which the hot-spot temperature rise is modelled based on the relevant standard. Using this calculation platform, the loss of life and the actual age of distribution transformer are obtained. Then, various scenarios including different levels of PV penetration and DR contribution are examined, and their impacts on the age of transformer are reported. Finally, the equivalent loss of net present value of distribution transformer is formulated and discussed. This formulation gives major benefits to the distribution network planners for analysing the contribution of PV and demand response on lifetime extension of the distribution transformer. In addition, the provided model can be utilised in optimal investment analysis to find the best time for the transformer replacement and the associated cost considering PV penetration and DR. The simulation results show that integration of PV and DR within a feeder can significantly extend the lifetime of transformers.
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