The objective of this study was to assess whether inhibitory task performance in adolescence could be prospectively related to weight gain in young adulthood. We proposed that this association would differ according to the BMI group in adolescence.
Methods
A total of 318 adolescents performed the anti-saccade task, and 530 completed the Stroop test. Accuracy and reaction time were assessed for each incentive type (neutral, loss, and reward) in the anti-saccade task and for each trial type (control and incongruent trials) in the Stroop test. Changes in the BMI z score (∆BMI z score) from adolescence to young adulthood were calculated.
Results
The relationship between the BMI z score and the anti-saccade task accuracy showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score (β = −0.002, p < 0.05). The neutral and loss accuracies were related to ∆BMI z score in the groups with overweight (all β = −0.004, p = 0.05) and obesity (β = −0.006 and β = −0.005, p < 0.01). The interaction between adolescents' BMI z score with control (β = −0.312, p < 0.001) and incongruent (β = −0.384, p < 0.001) trial reaction times showed an effect on the ∆BMI z score. Control (β = 0.730, p = 0.036) and incongruent (β = 0.535, p = 0.033) trial reaction times were related to ∆BMI z score in the group with overweight.
Conclusions
Our findings support the hypothesis that cognitive vulnerability could predict the BMI gain from adolescence to young adulthood.
研究目的本研究的目的是评估青春期的抑制性任务表现是否与成年后的体重增加有前瞻性关联。我们认为，这种关联会因青少年时期的体重指数组别而有所不同：方法：共有 318 名青少年完成了反犹豫任务，530 名青少年完成了 Stroop 测试。在反游移任务中，对每种激励类型（中性、损失和奖励）的准确性和反应时间进行了评估；在Stroop测试中，对每种试验类型（对照和不协调试验）的准确性和反应时间进行了评估。计算了从青春期到青年期体重指数 z 值（∆BMI z 值）的变化：结果：BMI z 分数与反施法任务准确性之间的关系显示，∆BMI z 分数对反施法任务准确性有影响（β = -0.002, p 结论：BMI z 分数与反施法任务准确性之间的关系显示，∆BMI z 分数对反施法任务准确性有影响：我们的研究结果支持这样的假设，即认知脆弱性可预测从青春期到青年期的体重指数增长。
{"title":"Neurocognitive factors predicting BMI changes from adolescence to young adulthood","authors":"Sussanne Reyes, Patricio Peirano, Sheila Gahagan, Estela Blanco, Cecilia Algarín","doi":"10.1002/oby.23978","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.23978","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to assess whether inhibitory task performance in adolescence could be prospectively related to weight gain in young adulthood. We proposed that this association would differ according to the BMI group in adolescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 318 adolescents performed the anti-saccade task, and 530 completed the Stroop test. Accuracy and reaction time were assessed for each incentive type (neutral, loss, and reward) in the anti-saccade task and for each trial type (control and incongruent trials) in the Stroop test. Changes in the BMI <i>z</i> score (∆BMI <i>z</i> score) from adolescence to young adulthood were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relationship between the BMI <i>z</i> score and the anti-saccade task accuracy showed an effect on the ∆BMI <i>z</i> score (β = −0.002, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The neutral and loss accuracies were related to ∆BMI <i>z</i> score in the groups with overweight (all β = −0.004, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and obesity (β = −0.006 and β = −0.005, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The interaction between adolescents' BMI <i>z</i> score with control (β = −0.312, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and incongruent (β = −0.384, <i>p</i> < 0.001) trial reaction times showed an effect on the ∆BMI <i>z</i> score. Control (β = 0.730, <i>p</i> = 0.036) and incongruent (β = 0.535, <i>p</i> = 0.033) trial reaction times were related to ∆BMI <i>z</i> score in the group with overweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings support the hypothesis that cognitive vulnerability could predict the BMI gain from adolescence to young adulthood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140290032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsey M. Arroyo, Chelsea A. Carpenter, Rebecca A. Krukowski, Kathryn M. Ross
Objective
Reduced schedules of dietary self-monitoring are typically recommended after the end of behavioral weight-loss programs; however, there exists little empirical evidence to guide these recommendations.
Methods
We explored potential thresholds for dietary self-monitoring during a 9-month maintenance period following a 3-month weight-loss program in 74 adults with overweight or obesity (mean [SD] age = 50.7 [10.4] years, BMI = 31.2 [4.5] kg/m2) who were encouraged to self-monitor weight, dietary intake, and physical activity daily and report their adherence to self-monitoring each week via a study website.
Results
Greater self-monitoring was correlated with less weight regain for thresholds of ≥3 days/week, with the largest benefit observed for thresholds of ≥5 to ≥6 days/week (all p < 0.05); significant weight gain was observed for thresholds of ≥1 to ≥2 days/week, whereas no change in weight was observed for thresholds of ≥3 to ≥4 days/week, and weight loss was observed with thresholds of ≥5 or more days/week.
Conclusions
Results demonstrate that self-monitoring at least 3 days/week may be beneficial for supporting long-term maintenance, although greater benefit (in relation to weight loss) may be realized at thresholds of 5 to 6 days/week. Future research should investigate whether individuals who were randomized to self-monitor at these different thresholds demonstrate differential patterns of weight-loss maintenance.
{"title":"Identification of minimum thresholds for dietary self-monitoring to promote weight-loss maintenance","authors":"Kelsey M. Arroyo, Chelsea A. Carpenter, Rebecca A. Krukowski, Kathryn M. Ross","doi":"10.1002/oby.23994","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.23994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced schedules of dietary self-monitoring are typically recommended after the end of behavioral weight-loss programs; however, there exists little empirical evidence to guide these recommendations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We explored potential thresholds for dietary self-monitoring during a 9-month maintenance period following a 3-month weight-loss program in 74 adults with overweight or obesity (mean [SD] age = 50.7 [10.4] years, BMI = 31.2 [4.5] kg/m<sup>2</sup>) who were encouraged to self-monitor weight, dietary intake, and physical activity daily and report their adherence to self-monitoring each week via a study website.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater self-monitoring was correlated with less weight regain for thresholds of ≥3 days/week, with the largest benefit observed for thresholds of ≥5 to ≥6 days/week (all <i>p</i> < 0.05); significant weight gain was observed for thresholds of ≥1 to ≥2 days/week, whereas no change in weight was observed for thresholds of ≥3 to ≥4 days/week, and weight loss was observed with thresholds of ≥5 or more days/week.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results demonstrate that self-monitoring at least 3 days/week may be beneficial for supporting long-term maintenance, although greater benefit (in relation to weight loss) may be realized at thresholds of 5 to 6 days/week. Future research should investigate whether individuals who were randomized to self-monitor at these different thresholds demonstrate differential patterns of weight-loss maintenance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140290031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaobo Li, Pin Zhang, Jianzhong Di, Xiaodong Han, Yinfang Tu, Di Yang, Rongrong Xu, Yunfeng Xiao, Jian Zhou, Yuqian Bao, Jun Yin, Haoyong Yu, Weiping Jia, Junfeng Han
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the role of body fat percentage (BFP) changes in diabetes remission (DR) and the association between baseline body composition and its changes after bariatric surgery.
Methods
We analyzed 203 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Body composition was measured using a gold-standard-derived predictive equation and magnetic resonance imaging. Body composition changes were calculated as 100 × (baseline value – follow-up value)/baseline value. We verified the results in a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cohort with 311 patients.
Results
Compared with non-remission patients in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass cohort, those who achieved DR showed a higher baseline fat-free mass index (FFMI) and experienced the most significant changes in BFP (p < 0.001). In comparative analyses, BFP changes were significantly better than BMI changes in identifying short- and long-term DR. Linear regression analysis identified FFMI as the most significant baseline variable correlated with BFP changes (p < 0.001). Baseline BMI was positively correlated with changes in BFP but negatively correlated with changes in FFMI. These findings were replicated in the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cohort.
Conclusions
BFP changes determine DR after bariatric surgery, and baseline FFMI is crucial for BFP changes. A low initial BMI is associated with a smaller BFP reduction and greater FFMI loss after bariatric surgery.
{"title":"Associations of change in body fat percentage with baseline body composition and diabetes remission after bariatric surgery","authors":"Shaobo Li, Pin Zhang, Jianzhong Di, Xiaodong Han, Yinfang Tu, Di Yang, Rongrong Xu, Yunfeng Xiao, Jian Zhou, Yuqian Bao, Jun Yin, Haoyong Yu, Weiping Jia, Junfeng Han","doi":"10.1002/oby.24003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to determine the role of body fat percentage (BFP) changes in diabetes remission (DR) and the association between baseline body composition and its changes after bariatric surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 203 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Body composition was measured using a gold-standard-derived predictive equation and magnetic resonance imaging. Body composition changes were calculated as 100 × (baseline value – follow-up value)/baseline value. We verified the results in a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cohort with 311 patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with non-remission patients in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass cohort, those who achieved DR showed a higher baseline fat-free mass index (FFMI) and experienced the most significant changes in BFP (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In comparative analyses, BFP changes were significantly better than BMI changes in identifying short- and long-term DR. Linear regression analysis identified FFMI as the most significant baseline variable correlated with BFP changes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Baseline BMI was positively correlated with changes in BFP but negatively correlated with changes in FFMI. These findings were replicated in the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BFP changes determine DR after bariatric surgery, and baseline FFMI is crucial for BFP changes. A low initial BMI is associated with a smaller BFP reduction and greater FFMI loss after bariatric surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruna Rubbo, Zhenjiang Li, Phum Tachachartvanich, Brittney O. Baumert, Hongxu Wang, Shudi Pan, Sarah Rock, Justin R. Ryder, Todd Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Xiangping Lin, Scott Bartell, Thomas H. Inge, Stavra Xanthakos, Brooklynn McNeil, Anna R. Robuck, Michele A. La Merrill, Douglas I. Walker, David V. Conti, Rob McConnell, Sandrah P. Eckel, Lida Chatzi
Objective
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), an obesogen accumulating in adipose tissue, is released into circulation with weight loss, although its impact is underexplored among adolescents. We tested the association using an integrative translational approach of epidemiological analysis among adolescents with obesity and in vitro measures exploring the impact of DDE on adipogenesis via preadipocytes.
Methods
We included 63 participants from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort. We assessed 4,4′-DDE in visceral adipose tissue at surgery and BMI and waist circumference at surgery and 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 years after. We conducted longitudinal analysis to estimate the interaction on weight loss between DDE and time since surgery. In vitro analysis quantified adipogenic differentiation in commercial human preadipocytes exposed to 4,4′-DDE via fluorescent staining and imaging.
Results
A dose–response relationship was observed, with the low-exposure group having a greater reduction in BMI during the first year compared to higher-exposure groups and showing smaller regains compared to higher-exposure groups after the first year. In vitro analysis of preadipocytes treated with 4,4′-DDE during adipogenic differentiation for 12 days showed a concentration-dependent increase in lipid accumulation.
Conclusions
DDE could contribute to weight trajectory among adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery, potentially mediated via promoted adipogenesis in preadipocytes.
{"title":"Exposure to 4,4′-DDE in visceral adipose tissue and weight loss in adolescents from the Teen-LABS cohort","authors":"Bruna Rubbo, Zhenjiang Li, Phum Tachachartvanich, Brittney O. Baumert, Hongxu Wang, Shudi Pan, Sarah Rock, Justin R. Ryder, Todd Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Xiangping Lin, Scott Bartell, Thomas H. Inge, Stavra Xanthakos, Brooklynn McNeil, Anna R. Robuck, Michele A. La Merrill, Douglas I. Walker, David V. Conti, Rob McConnell, Sandrah P. Eckel, Lida Chatzi","doi":"10.1002/oby.24009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), an obesogen accumulating in adipose tissue, is released into circulation with weight loss, although its impact is underexplored among adolescents. We tested the association using an integrative translational approach of epidemiological analysis among adolescents with obesity and <i>in vitro</i> measures exploring the impact of DDE on adipogenesis via preadipocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 63 participants from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort. We assessed 4,4′-DDE in visceral adipose tissue at surgery and BMI and waist circumference at surgery and 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 years after. We conducted longitudinal analysis to estimate the interaction on weight loss between DDE and time since surgery. <i>In vitro</i> analysis quantified adipogenic differentiation in commercial human preadipocytes exposed to 4,4′-DDE via fluorescent staining and imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dose–response relationship was observed, with the low-exposure group having a greater reduction in BMI during the first year compared to higher-exposure groups and showing smaller regains compared to higher-exposure groups after the first year. <i>In vitro</i> analysis of preadipocytes treated with 4,4′-DDE during adipogenic differentiation for 12 days showed a concentration-dependent increase in lipid accumulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DDE could contribute to weight trajectory among adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery, potentially mediated via promoted adipogenesis in preadipocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chiara Maria Assunta Cefalo, Alessia Riccio, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Elena Succurro, Gaia Chiara Mannino, Maria Perticone, Angela Sciacqua, Francesco Andreozzi, Giorgio Sesti
Objective
Reduced myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency (MEE) was associated with BMI. Subgroups of individuals with increased BMI but favorable cardiovascular risk profile were identified as individuals with “metabolically healthy overweight” (MHOW) and “metabolically healthy obesity” (MHO), respectively. We aim to investigate whether those with MHOW/MHO, defined as those having none of the components of metabolic syndrome, exhibit impaired MEE compared with their unhealthy counterparts.
Methods
Myocardial MEE per gram of left ventricular mass (MEEi) was assessed by echocardiography in 2190 nondiabetic individuals participating in the CATAnzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors (CATAMERI) study who were divided, according to BMI and metabolic status, into groups of individuals with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), MHOW, metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO).
Results
After adjusting for age and sex, no differences in myocardial MEEi were observed among individuals with MHNW, MHOW, and MHO (p = 0.56). Myocardial MEEi was comparable among individuals with MUNW, MUOW, and MUO (p = 0.21). Individuals with MHNW, MHOW, and MHO displayed significantly higher myocardial MEEi compared with their unhealthy counterparts.
Conclusions
Increased BMI is not an obligate determinant for reduced myocardial MEEi. Other known components of metabolic syndrome rather than increased BMI contributed to reduced myocardial MEEi.
{"title":"Myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency is not impaired in patients with metabolically healthy overweight and obesity","authors":"Chiara Maria Assunta Cefalo, Alessia Riccio, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Elena Succurro, Gaia Chiara Mannino, Maria Perticone, Angela Sciacqua, Francesco Andreozzi, Giorgio Sesti","doi":"10.1002/oby.24006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency (MEE) was associated with BMI. Subgroups of individuals with increased BMI but favorable cardiovascular risk profile were identified as individuals with “metabolically healthy overweight” (MHOW) and “metabolically healthy obesity” (MHO), respectively. We aim to investigate whether those with MHOW/MHO, defined as those having none of the components of metabolic syndrome, exhibit impaired MEE compared with their unhealthy counterparts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myocardial MEE per gram of left ventricular mass (MEEi) was assessed by echocardiography in 2190 nondiabetic individuals participating in the CATAnzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors (CATAMERI) study who were divided, according to BMI and metabolic status, into groups of individuals with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), MHOW, metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After adjusting for age and sex, no differences in myocardial MEEi were observed among individuals with MHNW, MHOW, and MHO (<i>p</i> = 0.56). Myocardial MEEi was comparable among individuals with MUNW, MUOW, and MUO (<i>p</i> = 0.21). Individuals with MHNW, MHOW, and MHO displayed significantly higher myocardial MEEi compared with their unhealthy counterparts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased BMI is not an obligate determinant for reduced myocardial MEEi. Other known components of metabolic syndrome rather than increased BMI contributed to reduced myocardial MEEi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aalekhya Reddam, Tessa R. Bloomquist, Lindsey T. Covell, Heng Hu, Sharon E. Oberfield, Dympna Gallagher, Rachel L. Miller, Jeff Goldsmith, Andrew G. Rundle, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Julie B. Herbstman, Allison Kupsco
Objective
The objective of this study was to examine associations between umbilical cord mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and adiposity across childhood.
Methods
In a prospective birth cohort of Dominican and African American children from New York City, New York (1998–2006), mtDNAcn was measured in cord blood. Children (N = 336) were evaluated for their height, weight, and bioimpedance at age 5, 7, 9, and 11 years. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess associations of mtDNAcn tertiles in cord blood with child BMI, BMI z scores, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Latent class growth models and interactions between mtDNAcn and child age or child age2 were used to assess associations between age and adiposity trajectories.
Results
BMI was, on average, 1.5 kg/m2 higher (95% CI: 0.58, 2.5) in individuals with mtDNAcn in the low- compared with the middle-mtDNAcn tertile. Results were similar for BMI z score, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Moreover, children in the low-mtDNAcn group had increased odds of being in an “increasing” or “high-stable” adiposity class.
Conclusions
Lower mtDNAcn at birth may predict greater childhood adiposity, highlighting the potential key role of perinatal mitochondrial function in adiposity during development.
研究目的本研究旨在探讨脐带线粒体 DNA 拷贝数（mtDNAcn）与儿童期肥胖之间的关系：在纽约市多米尼加和非裔美国儿童的前瞻性出生队列（1998-2006 年）中，对脐带血中的 mtDNAcn 进行了测量。儿童（N = 336）在 5、7、9 和 11 岁时接受了身高、体重和生物阻抗评估。我们使用线性混合效应模型来评估脐带血中的 mtDNAcn tertiles 与儿童体重指数、体重指数 z 分数、脂肪质量指数和体脂百分比之间的关系。潜类生长模型以及mtDNAcn与儿童年龄或儿童年龄2之间的交互作用被用来评估年龄与肥胖轨迹之间的关系：与中mtDNAcn三分位数相比，低mtDNAcn三分位数个体的BMI平均高出1.5 kg/m2（95% CI：0.58，2.5）。体重指数 z 值、脂肪质量指数和体脂百分比的结果相似。此外，低mtDNAcn组的儿童处于 "增加 "或 "高稳定 "肥胖等级的几率增加：结论：出生时较低的线粒体DNAcn可能预示着儿童期较高的肥胖率，凸显了围产期线粒体功能在发育过程中对肥胖的潜在关键作用。
{"title":"Inverse associations of cord blood mitochondrial DNA copy number with childhood adiposity","authors":"Aalekhya Reddam, Tessa R. Bloomquist, Lindsey T. Covell, Heng Hu, Sharon E. Oberfield, Dympna Gallagher, Rachel L. Miller, Jeff Goldsmith, Andrew G. Rundle, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Julie B. Herbstman, Allison Kupsco","doi":"10.1002/oby.24005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine associations between umbilical cord mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and adiposity across childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a prospective birth cohort of Dominican and African American children from New York City, New York (1998–2006), mtDNAcn was measured in cord blood. Children (<i>N</i> = 336) were evaluated for their height, weight, and bioimpedance at age 5, 7, 9, and 11 years. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess associations of mtDNAcn tertiles in cord blood with child BMI, BMI <i>z</i> scores, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Latent class growth models and interactions between mtDNAcn and child age or child age<sup>2</sup> were used to assess associations between age and adiposity trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BMI was, on average, 1.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> higher (95% CI: 0.58, 2.5) in individuals with mtDNAcn in the low- compared with the middle-mtDNAcn tertile. Results were similar for BMI <i>z</i> score, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Moreover, children in the low-mtDNAcn group had increased odds of being in an “increasing” or “high-stable” adiposity class.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lower mtDNAcn at birth may predict greater childhood adiposity, highlighting the potential key role of perinatal mitochondrial function in adiposity during development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study objective was to investigate whether changes in metabolic phenotype affect the risk of cardiovascular events.
Methods
All 117,589 participants were included in this retrospective cohort study. The metabolic phenotypes of the participants were assessed at two points (the second evaluation was set 2 years after the first evaluation), and the incidence rate of cardiovascular events was observed for 11 years. The main outcome was 3-point major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which comprises cardiovascular death, nonfatal coronary artery disease, and nonfatal stroke incidence.
Results
Of the participants, 2748 (2.3%) cases of 3-point MACE were identified during follow-up. The stable metabolically healthy obesity group had a higher risk of 3-point MACE than those with stable metabolically healthy nonobesity (MHNO). Additionally, the change from metabolically healthy obesity to MHNO for 2 years decreased the risk of 3-point MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12: 95% CI: 0.84–1.47) to the same level as stable MHNO. However, the change from metabolically abnormal nonobesity and metabolically abnormal obesity to MHNO for 2 years maintained a higher risk of 3-point MACE (HR, 1.66 [95% CI: 1.36–2.01]; HR, 1.91 [95% CI: 1.22–2.81]) than those with stable MHNO.
Conclusions
Change in metabolic phenotype is associated with incident 3-point MACE.
{"title":"The transition of metabolic phenotypes and cardiovascular events: Panasonic cohort study 16","authors":"Takahiro Ichikawa, Hiroshi Okada, Masahide Hamaguchi, Norihiro Nishioka, Yukiko Tateyama, Tomonari Shimamoto, Kazushiro Kurogi, Hiroaki Murata, Masato Ito, Taku Iwami, Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1002/oby.23999","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.23999","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study objective was to investigate whether changes in metabolic phenotype affect the risk of cardiovascular events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All 117,589 participants were included in this retrospective cohort study. The metabolic phenotypes of the participants were assessed at two points (the second evaluation was set 2 years after the first evaluation), and the incidence rate of cardiovascular events was observed for 11 years. The main outcome was 3-point major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which comprises cardiovascular death, nonfatal coronary artery disease, and nonfatal stroke incidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the participants, 2748 (2.3%) cases of 3-point MACE were identified during follow-up. The stable metabolically healthy obesity group had a higher risk of 3-point MACE than those with stable metabolically healthy nonobesity (MHNO). Additionally, the change from metabolically healthy obesity to MHNO for 2 years decreased the risk of 3-point MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12: 95% CI: 0.84–1.47) to the same level as stable MHNO. However, the change from metabolically abnormal nonobesity and metabolically abnormal obesity to MHNO for 2 years maintained a higher risk of 3-point MACE (HR, 1.66 [95% CI: 1.36–2.01]; HR, 1.91 [95% CI: 1.22–2.81]) than those with stable MHNO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Change in metabolic phenotype is associated with incident 3-point MACE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.23999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanish Sathyan, Sofiya Milman, Emmeline Ayers, Tina Gao, Joe Verghese, Nir Barzilai
Objective
This study examines the plasma proteomic profile of abdominal obesity in older adults.
Methods
The association of abdominal obesity (waist circumference [WC]) with 4265 plasma proteins identified using the SomaScan Assay was examined in 969 Ashkenazi Jewish participants (LonGenity cohort), aged 65 years and older (mean [SD] age 75.7 [6.7] years, 55.4% women), using regression models. Pathway analysis, as well as weighted correlation network analysis, was performed. WC was determined from the proteome using elastic net regression.
Results
A total of 480 out of 4265 proteins were associated with WC in the linear regression model. Leptin (β [SE] = 12.363 [0.490]), inhibin β C chain (INHBC; β [SE] = 24.324 [1.448]), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2; β [SE] = −12.782 [0.841]), heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 3 (H6ST3; β [SE] = −39.995 [2.729]), and matrix-remodeling-associated protein 8 (MXRA8; β [SE] = −27.101 [1.850]) were the top proteins associated with WC. Cell adhesion, extracellular matrix remodeling, and IGF transport pathways were the top enriched pathways associated with WC. WC signature determined from plasma proteins was highly correlated with measured WC (r = 0.80) and was associated with various metabolic and physical traits.
Conclusions
The study unveiled a multifaceted plasma proteomic profile of abdominal obesity in older adults, offering insights into its wide-ranging impact on the proteome. It also elucidated novel proteins, clusters of correlated proteins, and pathways that are intricately associated with abdominal obesity.
{"title":"Plasma proteomic profile of abdominal obesity in older adults","authors":"Sanish Sathyan, Sofiya Milman, Emmeline Ayers, Tina Gao, Joe Verghese, Nir Barzilai","doi":"10.1002/oby.24000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the plasma proteomic profile of abdominal obesity in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association of abdominal obesity (waist circumference [WC]) with 4265 plasma proteins identified using the SomaScan Assay was examined in 969 Ashkenazi Jewish participants (LonGenity cohort), aged 65 years and older (mean [SD] age 75.7 [6.7] years, 55.4% women), using regression models. Pathway analysis, as well as weighted correlation network analysis, was performed. WC was determined from the proteome using elastic net regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 480 out of 4265 proteins were associated with WC in the linear regression model. Leptin (β [SE] = 12.363 [0.490]), inhibin β C chain (INHBC; β [SE] = 24.324 [1.448]), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2; β [SE] = −12.782 [0.841]), heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 3 (H6ST3; β [SE] = −39.995 [2.729]), and matrix-remodeling-associated protein 8 (MXRA8; β [SE] = −27.101 [1.850]) were the top proteins associated with WC. Cell adhesion, extracellular matrix remodeling, and IGF transport pathways were the top enriched pathways associated with WC. WC signature determined from plasma proteins was highly correlated with measured WC (<i>r</i> = 0.80) and was associated with various metabolic and physical traits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study unveiled a multifaceted plasma proteomic profile of abdominal obesity in older adults, offering insights into its wide-ranging impact on the proteome. It also elucidated novel proteins, clusters of correlated proteins, and pathways that are intricately associated with abdominal obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Talyia M. Fordham, Nazeen S. Morelli, Yesenia Garcia-Reyes, Meredith A. Ware, Haseeb Rahat, Divya Sundararajan, Kelly N. Z. Fuller, Cameron Severn, Laura Pyle, Craig R. Malloy, Eunsook S. Jin, Elizabeth J. Parks, Robert R. Wolfe, Melanie G. Cree
Objective
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis (HS). Because dietary essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation has been shown to decrease HS in various populations, this study's objective was to determine whether supplementation would decrease HS in PCOS.
Methods
A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 21 adolescents with PCOS (BMI 37.3 ± 6.5 kg/m2, age 15.6 ± 1.3 years). Liver fat, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipogenesis, and triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism were measured following each 28-day phase of placebo or EAA.
Results
Compared to placebo, EAA was associated with no difference in body weight (p = 0.673). Two markers of liver health improved: HS was lower (−0.8% absolute, −7.5% relative reduction, p = 0.013), as was plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (−8%, p = 0.004). Plasma TG (−9%, p = 0.015) and VLDL-TG (−21%, p = 0.031) were reduced as well. VLDL-TG palmitate derived from lipogenesis was not different between the phases, nor was insulin sensitivity (p > 0.400 for both). Surprisingly, during the EAA phase, participants reported consuming fewer carbohydrates (p = 0.038) and total sugars (p = 0.046).
Conclusions
Similar to studies in older adults, short-term EAA supplementation in adolescents resulted in significantly lower liver fat, AST, and plasma lipids and thus may prove to be an effective treatment in this population. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms for these effects.
{"title":"Metabolic effects of an essential amino acid supplement in adolescents with PCOS and obesity","authors":"Talyia M. Fordham, Nazeen S. Morelli, Yesenia Garcia-Reyes, Meredith A. Ware, Haseeb Rahat, Divya Sundararajan, Kelly N. Z. Fuller, Cameron Severn, Laura Pyle, Craig R. Malloy, Eunsook S. Jin, Elizabeth J. Parks, Robert R. Wolfe, Melanie G. Cree","doi":"10.1002/oby.23988","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.23988","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis (HS). Because dietary essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation has been shown to decrease HS in various populations, this study's objective was to determine whether supplementation would decrease HS in PCOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 21 adolescents with PCOS (BMI 37.3 ± 6.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, age 15.6 ± 1.3 years). Liver fat, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipogenesis, and triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism were measured following each 28-day phase of placebo or EAA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to placebo, EAA was associated with no difference in body weight (<i>p</i> = 0.673). Two markers of liver health improved: HS was lower (−0.8% absolute, −7.5% relative reduction, <i>p</i> = 0.013), as was plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (−8%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Plasma TG (−9%, <i>p</i> = 0.015) and VLDL-TG (−21%, <i>p</i> = 0.031) were reduced as well. VLDL-TG palmitate derived from lipogenesis was not different between the phases, nor was insulin sensitivity (<i>p</i> > 0.400 for both). Surprisingly, during the EAA phase, participants reported consuming fewer carbohydrates (<i>p</i> = 0.038) and total sugars (<i>p</i> = 0.046).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Similar to studies in older adults, short-term EAA supplementation in adolescents resulted in significantly lower liver fat, AST, and plasma lipids and thus may prove to be an effective treatment in this population. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms for these effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.23988","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marica Meroni, Emilia De Caro, Federica Chiappori, Miriam Longo, Erika Paolini, Ettore Mosca, Ivan Merelli, Rosa Lombardi, Sara Badiali, Marco Maggioni, Alessandro Orro, Alessandra Mezzelani, Luca Valenti, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Paola Dongiovanni
Objective
The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly ramping up due to the spread of obesity, which is characterized by expanded and dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Previous studies have investigated the hepatic transcriptome across MASLD, whereas few studies have focused on VAT.
Methods
We performed RNA sequencing in 167 hepatic samples from patients with obesity and in a subset of 79 matched VAT samples. Circulating cathepsin D (CTSD), a lysosomal protease, was measured by ELISA, whereas the autophagy-lysosomal pathway was assessed by Western blot in hepatic and VAT samples (n = 20).
Results
Inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and mitochondrial dysfunction were upregulated in severe MASLD in both tissues, whereas autophagy and oxidative phosphorylation were reduced. Tissue comparative analysis revealed 13 deregulated genes, including CTSD, which showed the most robust diagnostic accuracy in discriminating mild and severe MASLD. CTSD expression correlated with circulating protein, whose increase was further validated in 432 histologically characterized MASLD patients, showing a high accuracy in foreseeing severe liver injury. In addition, the assessment of serum CTSD increased the performance of fibrosis 4 in diagnosing advanced disease.
Conclusions
By comparing the hepatic and VAT transcriptome during MASLD, we refined the concept by which CTSD may represent a potential biomarker of severe disease.
{"title":"Hepatic and adipose tissue transcriptome analysis highlights a commonly deregulated autophagic pathway in severe MASLD","authors":"Marica Meroni, Emilia De Caro, Federica Chiappori, Miriam Longo, Erika Paolini, Ettore Mosca, Ivan Merelli, Rosa Lombardi, Sara Badiali, Marco Maggioni, Alessandro Orro, Alessandra Mezzelani, Luca Valenti, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Paola Dongiovanni","doi":"10.1002/oby.23996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.23996","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly ramping up due to the spread of obesity, which is characterized by expanded and dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Previous studies have investigated the hepatic transcriptome across MASLD, whereas few studies have focused on VAT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed RNA sequencing in 167 hepatic samples from patients with obesity and in a subset of 79 matched VAT samples. Circulating cathepsin D (CTSD), a lysosomal protease, was measured by ELISA, whereas the autophagy-lysosomal pathway was assessed by Western blot in hepatic and VAT samples (<i>n</i> = 20).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and mitochondrial dysfunction were upregulated in severe MASLD in both tissues, whereas autophagy and oxidative phosphorylation were reduced. Tissue comparative analysis revealed 13 deregulated genes, including CTSD, which showed the most robust diagnostic accuracy in discriminating mild and severe MASLD. CTSD expression correlated with circulating protein, whose increase was further validated in 432 histologically characterized MASLD patients, showing a high accuracy in foreseeing severe liver injury. In addition, the assessment of serum CTSD increased the performance of fibrosis 4 in diagnosing advanced disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By comparing the hepatic and VAT transcriptome during MASLD, we refined the concept by which CTSD may represent a potential biomarker of severe disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.23996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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