Meghan L. Butryn, Nicole A. Miller, Charlotte J. Hagerman, Danielle Arigo, Erica LaFata, Fengqing Zhang, Bonnie Spring, Evan Forman
Objective
This study experimentally tested whether coach access to participants' digital self-monitoring data improved behavioral weight-loss outcomes.
Methods
Participants (N = 322) received 12 weeks of group-based behavioral weight-loss sessions via videoconference and were instructed to engage in daily self-monitoring of weight, physical activity (PA), and dietary intake. For participants who were randomly assigned to Coach Share ON (n = 161), coaches regularly accessed a web-based portal that displayed data from the participants' scale, PA sensor, and food record.
Results
Weight loss at 12 weeks was significantly greater in Coach Share ON versus OFF (6.2% vs. 5.3%; p = 0.04). Self-monitoring of PA (98.70% vs. 97.40% of days; p = 0.006) and eating (98.05% vs. 93.51% of days; p = 0.007) was more frequent in Coach Share ON versus OFF. There were no significant differences by condition in PA (p = 0.57), attendance (p = 0.42), working alliance (p = 0.62), or self-monitoring of weight (p = 0.12). Perceived supportive accountability was significantly greater in Coach Share ON versus OFF (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The short-term efficacy of behavioral weight loss was greater when coaches had direct access to self-monitoring device data. Notably, there also was no evidence of iatrogenic effects of data sharing.
{"title":"Coach access to digital self-monitoring data: an experimental test of short-term effects in behavioral weight-loss treatment","authors":"Meghan L. Butryn, Nicole A. Miller, Charlotte J. Hagerman, Danielle Arigo, Erica LaFata, Fengqing Zhang, Bonnie Spring, Evan Forman","doi":"10.1002/oby.24138","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24138","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study experimentally tested whether coach access to participants' digital self-monitoring data improved behavioral weight-loss outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>N</i> = 322) received 12 weeks of group-based behavioral weight-loss sessions via videoconference and were instructed to engage in daily self-monitoring of weight, physical activity (PA), and dietary intake. For participants who were randomly assigned to Coach Share ON (<i>n</i> = 161), coaches regularly accessed a web-based portal that displayed data from the participants' scale, PA sensor, and food record.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight loss at 12 weeks was significantly greater in Coach Share ON versus OFF (6.2% vs. 5.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.04). Self-monitoring of PA (98.70% vs. 97.40% of days; <i>p</i> = 0.006) and eating (98.05% vs. 93.51% of days; <i>p</i> = 0.007) was more frequent in Coach Share ON versus OFF. There were no significant differences by condition in PA (<i>p</i> = 0.57), attendance (<i>p</i> = 0.42), working alliance (<i>p</i> = 0.62), or self-monitoring of weight (<i>p</i> = 0.12). Perceived supportive accountability was significantly greater in Coach Share ON versus OFF (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The short-term efficacy of behavioral weight loss was greater when coaches had direct access to self-monitoring device data. Notably, there also was no evidence of iatrogenic effects of data sharing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 11","pages":"2111-2119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Zhong, Ebuka Onyenobi, Ayo Duomatey, Guanjie Chen, James Perry, Zhenyao Ye, ACCME Research Group as part of the H3Africa Consortium, Charles Rotimi, Clement A. Adebamowo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Sally N. Adebamowo
<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>Understanding the genetic underpinnings of anthropometric traits in diverse populations is crucial for gaining insights into their biological mechanisms and potential implications for health.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We conducted a genome-wide association study, meta-analysis, and gene set analysis of waist-hip ratio (WHR), WHR adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), waist circumference, BMI, and height using the African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research (ACCME) cohort (<i>n</i> = ~11,000) for discovery and polygenic score target analyses and the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study (<i>n</i> = ~5200) for replication and polygenic score validation. We generated and compared polygenic scores from European, African, Afro-Caribbean, and multiethnic ancestry populations.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The top loci associated with each trait in the meta-analysis were in <i>CD36</i> (rs3211826 [<i>p</i> = 5.90 × 10<sup>−12</sup>] for WHR and rs73709003 [<i>p</i> = 1.75 × 10<sup>−13</sup>] for WHRadjBMI), <i>IFI27L1</i> (rs59775050 [<i>p</i> = 2.66 × 10<sup>−08</sup>] for waist circumference), <i>INPP4B</i> (rs2636629 [<i>p</i> = 1.44 × 10<sup>−09</sup>] for BMI), and <i>HMGA1</i> (rs6937622 [<i>p</i> = 1.40 × 10<sup>−15</sup>] for height) gene regions. A novel variant rs7797157, near <i>GNAT3</i>, was also significantly associated with WHR (<i>p</i> = 2.50 × 10<sup>−10</sup>) and WHRadjBMI (<i>p</i> = 2.66 × 10<sup>−11</sup>). The ancestry-specific parameters for the best predictive polygenic scores were European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.68%; <i>p</i> = 1.63 × 10<sup>−16</sup>) and multiethnic ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.06%; <i>p</i> = 1.29 × 10<sup>−02</sup>) for WHR; European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 1.36%; <i>p</i> = 2.94 × 10<sup>−31</sup>) and multiethnic ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 1.12%; <i>p</i> = 3.52 × 10<sup>−25</sup>) for BMI; and European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 3.16%; <i>p</i> = 2.95 × 10<sup>−73</sup>), African ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 4.16%; <i>p</i> = 1.75 × 10<sup>−96</sup>), and African and Afro-Caribbean ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 2.67%; <i>p</i> = 4.35 × 10<sup>−62</sup>) for height.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>The discovery of a novel locus for WHR and genetic signals for each trait and the assessment of polygenic score performance underscore the importance of conducting well-powered studies in diverse populations
{"title":"A meta-analysis and polygenic score study identifies novel genetic markers for waist-hip ratio in African populations","authors":"Michael Zhong, Ebuka Onyenobi, Ayo Duomatey, Guanjie Chen, James Perry, Zhenyao Ye, ACCME Research Group as part of the H3Africa Consortium, Charles Rotimi, Clement A. Adebamowo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Sally N. Adebamowo","doi":"10.1002/oby.24123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the genetic underpinnings of anthropometric traits in diverse populations is crucial for gaining insights into their biological mechanisms and potential implications for health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a genome-wide association study, meta-analysis, and gene set analysis of waist-hip ratio (WHR), WHR adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), waist circumference, BMI, and height using the African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research (ACCME) cohort (<i>n</i> = ~11,000) for discovery and polygenic score target analyses and the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study (<i>n</i> = ~5200) for replication and polygenic score validation. We generated and compared polygenic scores from European, African, Afro-Caribbean, and multiethnic ancestry populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The top loci associated with each trait in the meta-analysis were in <i>CD36</i> (rs3211826 [<i>p</i> = 5.90 × 10<sup>−12</sup>] for WHR and rs73709003 [<i>p</i> = 1.75 × 10<sup>−13</sup>] for WHRadjBMI), <i>IFI27L1</i> (rs59775050 [<i>p</i> = 2.66 × 10<sup>−08</sup>] for waist circumference), <i>INPP4B</i> (rs2636629 [<i>p</i> = 1.44 × 10<sup>−09</sup>] for BMI), and <i>HMGA1</i> (rs6937622 [<i>p</i> = 1.40 × 10<sup>−15</sup>] for height) gene regions. A novel variant rs7797157, near <i>GNAT3</i>, was also significantly associated with WHR (<i>p</i> = 2.50 × 10<sup>−10</sup>) and WHRadjBMI (<i>p</i> = 2.66 × 10<sup>−11</sup>). The ancestry-specific parameters for the best predictive polygenic scores were European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.68%; <i>p</i> = 1.63 × 10<sup>−16</sup>) and multiethnic ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.06%; <i>p</i> = 1.29 × 10<sup>−02</sup>) for WHR; European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 1.36%; <i>p</i> = 2.94 × 10<sup>−31</sup>) and multiethnic ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 1.12%; <i>p</i> = 3.52 × 10<sup>−25</sup>) for BMI; and European ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 3.16%; <i>p</i> = 2.95 × 10<sup>−73</sup>), African ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 4.16%; <i>p</i> = 1.75 × 10<sup>−96</sup>), and African and Afro-Caribbean ancestry (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 2.67%; <i>p</i> = 4.35 × 10<sup>−62</sup>) for height.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The discovery of a novel locus for WHR and genetic signals for each trait and the assessment of polygenic score performance underscore the importance of conducting well-powered studies in diverse populations","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 11","pages":"2175-2185"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raheleh Moradi, Maryam Kashanian, Ali Sheidaei, Mohammad Kermansaravi
Objective
The ongoing pandemic of obesity is associated with an increase of weight loss surgeries in women of reproductive age. This study was conducted to review clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for managing pregnancy following metabolic-bariatric surgery.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive literature search of all CPGs that covered the management of pregnancy following metabolic-bariatric surgery, 2010 through 2022, and that were published in English. Two authors independently scored the quality and usefulness of CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool (AGREE II).
Results
From a total of 20 CPGs, consistent recommendations included the following: 1) contraception with long-acting reversible contraceptives before surgery until the optimal time of pregnancy; 2) nutritional care by a dietitian; 3) considering gastrointestinal discomforts during pregnancy as a potential surgical complication; and 4) modified screening for gestational diabetes instead of glucose tolerance tests preventing post-bariatric hypoglycemia. There was a lack of uniformity concerning surgery-to-conception interval and dose of supplements, as well as research gaps regarding the surgical type, mental health, delivery type, breastfeeding, neonatal care, and weight retention.
Conclusions
All recommendations for managing pregnancy after metabolic-bariatric surgery were deemed clinically useful. Although consistent recommendations should be implemented, inconsistencies should be the focus of research.
{"title":"A systematic review on clinical practice guidelines for managing pregnancy following metabolic-bariatric surgery","authors":"Raheleh Moradi, Maryam Kashanian, Ali Sheidaei, Mohammad Kermansaravi","doi":"10.1002/oby.24118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ongoing pandemic of obesity is associated with an increase of weight loss surgeries in women of reproductive age. This study was conducted to review clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for managing pregnancy following metabolic-bariatric surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive literature search of all CPGs that covered the management of pregnancy following metabolic-bariatric surgery, 2010 through 2022, and that were published in English. Two authors independently scored the quality and usefulness of CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool (AGREE II).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From a total of 20 CPGs, consistent recommendations included the following: 1) contraception with long-acting reversible contraceptives before surgery until the optimal time of pregnancy; 2) nutritional care by a dietitian; 3) considering gastrointestinal discomforts during pregnancy as a potential surgical complication; and 4) modified screening for gestational diabetes instead of glucose tolerance tests preventing post-bariatric hypoglycemia. There was a lack of uniformity concerning surgery-to-conception interval and dose of supplements, as well as research gaps regarding the surgical type, mental health, delivery type, breastfeeding, neonatal care, and weight retention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All recommendations for managing pregnancy after metabolic-bariatric surgery were deemed clinically useful. Although consistent recommendations should be implemented, inconsistencies should be the focus of research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 12","pages":"2225-2236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Neira, Ana Wenting Hernández-Pardos, Sara Becerril, Beatriz Ramírez, Víctor Valentí, Rafael Moncada, Victoria Catalán, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, María A. Burrell, Camilo Silva, Javier Escalada, Gema Frühbeck, Amaia Rodríguez
Objective
Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) modulates adipocyte metabolism by increasing white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) browning and activity, respectively. We investigated whether FNDC5 can regulate visceral WAT and BAT adaptive thermogenesis by improving mitochondrial homeostasis in response to cold and obesity.
Methods
Adipose tissue expression of FNDC5 and factors involved in mitochondrial homeostasis were determined in patients with normal weight and obesity (n = 159) and in rats with diet-induced obesity after 1 week of cold exposure (n = 61). The effect of different FNDC5 concentrations on mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy was evaluated in vitro in human adipocytes.
Results
In human visceral adipocytes, FNDC5/irisin triggered mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM) and fusion (MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1) while inhibiting peripheral fission (DNM1L and FIS1) and mitophagy (PINK1 and PRKN). Circulating and visceral WAT expression of FNDC5 was decreased in patients and experimental animals with obesity, whereas its receptor, integrin αV, was upregulated. Obesity increased mitochondrial fusion while decreasing mitophagy in visceral WAT from patients and rats. By contrast, in rat BAT, an upregulation of Fndc5 and genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fission was observed. Cold exposure promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and healthy peripheral fission while repressing Fndc5 expression and mitophagy in BAT from rats.
Conclusions
Depot differences in FNDC5 production and mitochondrial adaptations in response to obesity and cold might indicate a self-regulatory mechanism to control thermogenesis in response to energy needs.
{"title":"Differential mitochondrial adaptation and FNDC5 production in brown and white adipose tissue in response to cold and obesity","authors":"Gabriela Neira, Ana Wenting Hernández-Pardos, Sara Becerril, Beatriz Ramírez, Víctor Valentí, Rafael Moncada, Victoria Catalán, Javier Gómez-Ambrosi, María A. Burrell, Camilo Silva, Javier Escalada, Gema Frühbeck, Amaia Rodríguez","doi":"10.1002/oby.24132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) modulates adipocyte metabolism by increasing white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) browning and activity, respectively. We investigated whether FNDC5 can regulate visceral WAT and BAT adaptive thermogenesis by improving mitochondrial homeostasis in response to cold and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adipose tissue expression of FNDC5 and factors involved in mitochondrial homeostasis were determined in patients with normal weight and obesity (<i>n</i> = 159) and in rats with diet-induced obesity after 1 week of cold exposure (<i>n</i> = 61). The effect of different FNDC5 concentrations on mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy was evaluated in vitro in human adipocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In human visceral adipocytes, FNDC5/irisin triggered mitochondrial biogenesis (<i>TFAM</i>) and fusion (<i>MFN1</i>, <i>MFN2</i>, and <i>OPA1</i>) while inhibiting peripheral fission (<i>DNM1L</i> and <i>FIS1</i>) and mitophagy (<i>PINK1</i> and <i>PRKN</i>). Circulating and visceral WAT expression of FNDC5 was decreased in patients and experimental animals with obesity, whereas its receptor, integrin αV, was upregulated. Obesity increased mitochondrial fusion while decreasing mitophagy in visceral WAT from patients and rats. By contrast, in rat BAT, an upregulation of <i>Fndc5</i> and genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fission was observed. Cold exposure promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and healthy peripheral fission while repressing <i>Fndc5</i> expression and mitophagy in BAT from rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depot differences in FNDC5 production and mitochondrial adaptations in response to obesity and cold might indicate a self-regulatory mechanism to control thermogenesis in response to energy needs.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 11","pages":"2120-2134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here, we aimed to investigate the role of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GRs and MRs, respectively) in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
Methods
We used three mouse models with simultaneous deletion of GRs and MRs in either forebrain neurons, the paraventricular nucleus, or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons and compared them with wild-type controls or isolated knockout groups. In addition to body weight, food intake, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, fat/lean mass distribution, and plasma corticosterone levels, we also performed transcriptomic analysis of CRH neurons and assessed their response to melanocortinergic stimulation.
Results
Similar to global double-knockout models, deletion of GRs and MRs specifically in mature CRH neurons resulted in obesity. Importantly, the latter was accompanied by insulin resistance, but not increased plasma corticosterone levels. Transcriptomic analysis of these neurons revealed upregulation of several genes involved in postsynaptic signal transduction, including the Ptk2b gene, which encodes proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2. Knockout of both nuclear receptors leads to upregulation of Ptk2b in CRH neurons, which results in their diminished responsiveness to melanocortinergic stimulation.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrate the functional redundancy of GRs and MRs in CRH neurons to maintain energy homeostasis and prevent obesity. Simultaneous targeting of both receptors might represent an unprecedented approach to counteract obesity.
{"title":"Functional redundancy between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in mature corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons protects from obesity","authors":"Yu Liu, Dongfa Lin, Syeda Sadia Najam, Shangyuan Huang, Muyi Song, Chaweewan Sirakawin, Catherine Zhao, Haixia Jiang, Witold Konopka, Stephan Herzig, Ilya A. Vinnikov","doi":"10.1002/oby.24116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we aimed to investigate the role of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GRs and MRs, respectively) in the regulation of energy homeostasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used three mouse models with simultaneous deletion of GRs and MRs in either forebrain neurons, the paraventricular nucleus, or corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons and compared them with wild-type controls or isolated knockout groups. In addition to body weight, food intake, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, fat/lean mass distribution, and plasma corticosterone levels, we also performed transcriptomic analysis of CRH neurons and assessed their response to melanocortinergic stimulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Similar to global double-knockout models, deletion of GRs and MRs specifically in mature CRH neurons resulted in obesity. Importantly, the latter was accompanied by insulin resistance, but not increased plasma corticosterone levels. Transcriptomic analysis of these neurons revealed upregulation of several genes involved in postsynaptic signal transduction, including the <i>Ptk2b</i> gene, which encodes proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2. Knockout of both nuclear receptors leads to upregulation of <i>Ptk2b</i> in CRH neurons, which results in their diminished responsiveness to melanocortinergic stimulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data demonstrate the functional redundancy of GRs and MRs in CRH neurons to maintain energy homeostasis and prevent obesity. Simultaneous targeting of both receptors might represent an unprecedented approach to counteract obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 10","pages":"1885-1896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johannes Carl, Miaobing Zheng, Johanna Popp, Katharina Eckert, Wolfgang Geidl, Simon Blaschke, Julia Schmid, Eva Grüne, Leonard Oppermann, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Harriet Morf, Anja Weissenfels, Klaus Pfeifer
Objective
Although previous studies have illuminated associations between body mass and physical activity (PA), there have been scant insights regarding the physical, cognitive, and motivational determinants of PA in relationship to body mass. This study aimed to model courses of competencies for health-enhancing PA across the spectrum of BMI.
Methods
We used cross-sectional data of 3670 individuals (mean [SD]: BMI, 25.54 [5.71] kg/m2; age, 46.11 [14.96] years) from a large data pooling with 18 primary samples employing the PA-related health competence (PAHCO) instrument. ANCOVA determined differences in 10 PAHCO indicators by BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Covariate-adjusted multilevel models described the nonlinear courses of the PAHCO indicators across the BMI spectrum.
Results
The levels of all 10 PAHCO indicators differed significantly among the BMI categories (F ≥ 14.8; p < 0.001). All competencies for health-enhancing PA could be best described by cubic functions having their maximum around normal weight while regressing with underweight and with increasing grades of obesity (0.02 ≤ ≤ 0.31).
Conclusions
This study adds to associations between BMI and PA levels by specifying individuals' multidimensional requirements for health-enhancing PA. The present findings call for an integration of physical, motivational, and cognitive factors in practices of PA promotion and sustainable obesity treatment.
目的：尽管之前的研究已经阐明了体重与体育锻炼（PA）之间的关系，但关于体育锻炼的身体、认知和动机决定因素与体重关系的研究却很少。本研究旨在模拟不同体重指数下增强健康体力活动能力的课程：我们使用了 3670 人的横截面数据（平均值 [标码]：体重指数，25.54 [5.71] kg/m2；年龄，46.11 [14.96] 岁），这些数据来自一个大型数据池，其中有 18 个使用 PA 相关健康能力（PAHCO）工具的主要样本。方差分析确定了体重指数类别（体重不足、正常体重、超重和肥胖）在 10 个 PAHCO 指标上的差异。协变量调整多层次模型描述了 PAHCO 指标在体重指数范围内的非线性变化过程：结果：所有 10 个 PAHCO 指标的水平在不同 BMI 类别之间存在显著差异（F ≥ 14.8; p R m arg 2 $$ {R}_{mathrm{marg}}^2 $$ ≤ 0.31）：本研究通过明确个人对增强健康的体育锻炼的多维要求，补充了体重指数与体育锻炼水平之间的关联。本研究结果要求在促进体育锻炼和可持续治疗肥胖症的实践中整合身体、动机和认知因素。
{"title":"Competencies for health-enhancing physical activity are associated with body mass: results of an updated data pooling across 18 samples","authors":"Johannes Carl, Miaobing Zheng, Johanna Popp, Katharina Eckert, Wolfgang Geidl, Simon Blaschke, Julia Schmid, Eva Grüne, Leonard Oppermann, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Harriet Morf, Anja Weissenfels, Klaus Pfeifer","doi":"10.1002/oby.24121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although previous studies have illuminated associations between body mass and physical activity (PA), there have been scant insights regarding the physical, cognitive, and motivational determinants of PA in relationship to body mass. This study aimed to model courses of competencies for health-enhancing PA across the spectrum of BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used cross-sectional data of 3670 individuals (mean [SD]: BMI, 25.54 [5.71] kg/m<sup>2</sup>; age, 46.11 [14.96] years) from a large data pooling with 18 primary samples employing the PA-related health competence (PAHCO) instrument. ANCOVA determined differences in 10 PAHCO indicators by BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Covariate-adjusted multilevel models described the nonlinear courses of the PAHCO indicators across the BMI spectrum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The levels of all 10 PAHCO indicators differed significantly among the BMI categories (<i>F</i> ≥ 14.8; <i>p</i> < 0.001). All competencies for health-enhancing PA could be best described by cubic functions having their maximum around normal weight while regressing with underweight and with increasing grades of obesity (0.02 ≤ <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>R</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>m</mi>\u0000 <mi>arg</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 </mrow></math> ≤ 0.31).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study adds to associations between BMI and PA levels by specifying individuals' multidimensional requirements for health-enhancing PA. The present findings call for an integration of physical, motivational, and cognitive factors in practices of PA promotion and sustainable obesity treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 11","pages":"2161-2174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anu Sharma, Eddison Godina Leiva, Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli, Romina Lomonaco, Stephen A. Marangi, Enrique Valdez Saenz, Maria A. Gonzalez, Andrea Ortiz Rocha, Nathaly Cuervo Pardo, Jens Rosenberg, Pierre Bedossa, Fernando Bril, Diana Barb, Kenneth Cusi
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in young compared with older adults.
Methods
Individuals (n = 1420) with (63%) and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D; 37%) who attended internal medicine clinics and did not have a known history of MASLD underwent laboratory evaluation and transient elastography to assess for hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance elastography and liver biopsy were recommended when indicated.
Results
A total of 243 participants were ages <45 years, and 1177 were ages ≥45 years. Obesity, T2D, and metabolic syndrome were highly prevalent in young adults. Frequencies of steatosis and fibrosis were high in young adults (50.2% and 7.5% vs. older adults 52.7% and 9.9%, respectively) and were significantly higher in those with both obesity and T2D (71.1% and 15.7%, respectively; p < 0.01). In young adults, T2D and obesity were the strongest risk factors for hepatic fibrosis (odds ratios 4.33 [95% CI: 1.37–13.68] and 1.16 [95% CI: 1.07–1.25], respectively; p < 0.05).
Conclusions
There is a high prevalence of clinically significant hepatic fibrosis in young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors. Up to one in seven young adults with obesity and T2D had clinically significant hepatic fibrosis on elastography. This highlights the need to screen young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors for MASLD for early detection and intervention.
{"title":"Obesity increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis in young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the need to screen","authors":"Anu Sharma, Eddison Godina Leiva, Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli, Romina Lomonaco, Stephen A. Marangi, Enrique Valdez Saenz, Maria A. Gonzalez, Andrea Ortiz Rocha, Nathaly Cuervo Pardo, Jens Rosenberg, Pierre Bedossa, Fernando Bril, Diana Barb, Kenneth Cusi","doi":"10.1002/oby.24130","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in young compared with older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals (<i>n</i> = 1420) with (63%) and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D; 37%) who attended internal medicine clinics and did not have a known history of MASLD underwent laboratory evaluation and transient elastography to assess for hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance elastography and liver biopsy were recommended when indicated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 243 participants were ages <45 years, and 1177 were ages ≥45 years. Obesity, T2D, and metabolic syndrome were highly prevalent in young adults. Frequencies of steatosis and fibrosis were high in young adults (50.2% and 7.5% vs. older adults 52.7% and 9.9%, respectively) and were significantly higher in those with both obesity and T2D (71.1% and 15.7%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.01). In young adults, T2D and obesity were the strongest risk factors for hepatic fibrosis (odds ratios 4.33 [95% CI: 1.37–13.68] and 1.16 [95% CI: 1.07–1.25], respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a high prevalence of clinically significant hepatic fibrosis in young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors. Up to one in seven young adults with obesity and T2D had clinically significant hepatic fibrosis on elastography. This highlights the need to screen young adults with cardiometabolic risk factors for MASLD for early detection and intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 10","pages":"1967-1974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>Depression is a major cause of morbidity and has major consequences on quality of life, impacting absenteeism, productivity at work, and health care costs [<span>(1)</span>]. In 2023, 24% of adult women and 11% of adult men were treated for depressive symptoms [<span>(2)</span>]. Because some antidepressants (AD) are known to have an impact on body weight [<span>(3)</span>], the balance between managing mental health versus limiting adiposity-related cardiometabolic risk remains an important dilemma in clinical practice.</p><p>Furthermore, we have substantial evidence from more than three decades of cardiometabolic imaging (computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) studies demonstrating that, for the same body mass index (BMI), there are considerable individual differences in body composition and regional adipose tissue distribution [<span>(4)</span>]. For instance, it is now well established that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the body fat compartment most closely associated with insulin resistance and features of the metabolic syndrome that increase risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [<span>(5)</span>]. We also understand that excess VAT is a marker of the relative inability of subcutaneous adipose tissue to expand and act as a metabolic sink, leading to deposition of fat not only in the abdominal cavity but also in usually lean tissues such as the heart, liver, kidney, pancreas, and skeletal muscle, a phenomenon referred to as ectopic fat deposition.</p><p>Andersson et al. took the opportunity of having access to the now-famous UK Biobank imaging data (<i>n</i> = 40,174) to retrospectively examine whether AD (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants) users would display differences in body fat distribution and muscle composition compared with sex-, age-, and BMI-matched nonusers [<span>(6)</span>]. The authors report that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor users had higher levels of VAT and less muscle volume combined with greater fat infiltration than control individuals. Sex differences were also found in BMI gained over time (women > men). Although an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (men) and type 2 diabetes was found among tricyclic antidepressant users, the specific contribution of changes in muscle composition to such increased risks could not be determined with certainty.</p><p>The paper by Andersson et al. addresses an important topic because some AD medications have been reported to induce weight gain, with differences observed among classes and specific molecules. The paper also nicely demonstrates that changes (or lack of changes) in body weight could sometimes be misleading in order to track clinically relevant variations in body composition with significant consequences on cardiometabolic health.</p><p>This paper presents a large amount of data from several relevant exploratory analyses providing additional evidence that monitoring body weight ov
{"title":"Brain versus cardiometabolic health: a delicate balance in need of precision lifestyle medicine approaches","authors":"Jean-Pierre Després, Natalie Alméras","doi":"10.1002/oby.24119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Depression is a major cause of morbidity and has major consequences on quality of life, impacting absenteeism, productivity at work, and health care costs [<span>(1)</span>]. In 2023, 24% of adult women and 11% of adult men were treated for depressive symptoms [<span>(2)</span>]. Because some antidepressants (AD) are known to have an impact on body weight [<span>(3)</span>], the balance between managing mental health versus limiting adiposity-related cardiometabolic risk remains an important dilemma in clinical practice.</p><p>Furthermore, we have substantial evidence from more than three decades of cardiometabolic imaging (computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) studies demonstrating that, for the same body mass index (BMI), there are considerable individual differences in body composition and regional adipose tissue distribution [<span>(4)</span>]. For instance, it is now well established that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is the body fat compartment most closely associated with insulin resistance and features of the metabolic syndrome that increase risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [<span>(5)</span>]. We also understand that excess VAT is a marker of the relative inability of subcutaneous adipose tissue to expand and act as a metabolic sink, leading to deposition of fat not only in the abdominal cavity but also in usually lean tissues such as the heart, liver, kidney, pancreas, and skeletal muscle, a phenomenon referred to as ectopic fat deposition.</p><p>Andersson et al. took the opportunity of having access to the now-famous UK Biobank imaging data (<i>n</i> = 40,174) to retrospectively examine whether AD (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants) users would display differences in body fat distribution and muscle composition compared with sex-, age-, and BMI-matched nonusers [<span>(6)</span>]. The authors report that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor users had higher levels of VAT and less muscle volume combined with greater fat infiltration than control individuals. Sex differences were also found in BMI gained over time (women > men). Although an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (men) and type 2 diabetes was found among tricyclic antidepressant users, the specific contribution of changes in muscle composition to such increased risks could not be determined with certainty.</p><p>The paper by Andersson et al. addresses an important topic because some AD medications have been reported to induce weight gain, with differences observed among classes and specific molecules. The paper also nicely demonstrates that changes (or lack of changes) in body weight could sometimes be misleading in order to track clinically relevant variations in body composition with significant consequences on cardiometabolic health.</p><p>This paper presents a large amount of data from several relevant exploratory analyses providing additional evidence that monitoring body weight ov","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 10","pages":"1795-1796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
François R. Jornayvaz, Karim Gariani, Emmanuel Somm, Vincent Jaquet, Karim Bouzakri, Ildiko Szanto
Reactive oxygen species, when produced in a controlled manner, are physiological modulators of healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and metabolic function. By contrast, unbridled production of oxidants is associated with pathological WAT expansion and the establishment of metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce oxidants in an orderly fashion and are present in adipocytes and in other diverse WAT-constituent cell types. Recent studies have established several links between aberrant NOX-derived oxidant production, adiposity, and metabolic homeostasis. The objective of this review is to highlight the physiological roles attributed to diverse NOX isoforms in healthy WAT and summarize current knowledge of the metabolic consequences related to perturbations in their adequate oxidant production. We detail WAT-related alterations in preclinical investigations conducted in NOX-deficient murine models. In addition, we review clinical studies that have employed NOX inhibitors and currently available data related to human NOX mutations in metabolic disturbances. Future investigations aimed at understanding the integration of NOX-derived oxidants in the regulation of the WAT cellular redox network are essential for designing successful redox-related precision therapies to curb obesity and attenuate obesity-associated metabolic pathologies.
活性氧以可控方式产生时，是健康白色脂肪组织（WAT）扩张和新陈代谢功能的生理调节剂。与此相反，氧化剂的无节制产生与病理性白脂肪组织扩张和代谢功能障碍的形成有关，其中最明显的是胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病。NADPH 氧化酶（NOXs）以有序的方式产生氧化剂，存在于脂肪细胞和其他多种组成脂肪细胞的细胞类型中。最近的研究发现，NOX 衍生氧化剂的异常产生、脂肪和代谢平衡之间存在着多种联系。本综述旨在强调不同 NOX 同工酶在健康 WAT 中的生理作用，并总结目前与 NOX 氧化剂产生相关的代谢后果的知识。我们详细介绍了在 NOX 缺陷小鼠模型中进行的临床前研究发现的与 WAT 相关的改变。此外，我们还回顾了采用 NOX 抑制剂进行的临床研究，以及与代谢紊乱中的人类 NOX 突变有关的现有数据。未来的研究旨在了解 NOX 衍生氧化剂在调节 WAT 细胞氧化还原网络中的整合作用，这对设计成功的氧化还原相关精准疗法以遏制肥胖和减轻肥胖相关代谢病症至关重要。
{"title":"NADPH oxidases in healthy white adipose tissue and in obesity: function, regulation, and clinical implications","authors":"François R. Jornayvaz, Karim Gariani, Emmanuel Somm, Vincent Jaquet, Karim Bouzakri, Ildiko Szanto","doi":"10.1002/oby.24113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reactive oxygen species, when produced in a controlled manner, are physiological modulators of healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and metabolic function. By contrast, unbridled production of oxidants is associated with pathological WAT expansion and the establishment of metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce oxidants in an orderly fashion and are present in adipocytes and in other diverse WAT-constituent cell types. Recent studies have established several links between aberrant NOX-derived oxidant production, adiposity, and metabolic homeostasis. The objective of this review is to highlight the physiological roles attributed to diverse NOX isoforms in healthy WAT and summarize current knowledge of the metabolic consequences related to perturbations in their adequate oxidant production. We detail WAT-related alterations in preclinical investigations conducted in NOX-deficient murine models. In addition, we review clinical studies that have employed NOX inhibitors and currently available data related to human NOX mutations in metabolic disturbances. Future investigations aimed at understanding the integration of NOX-derived oxidants in the regulation of the WAT cellular redox network are essential for designing successful redox-related precision therapies to curb obesity and attenuate obesity-associated metabolic pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 10","pages":"1799-1811"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrik Andersson, Jennifer Linge, Tiril P. Gurholt, Ida E. Sønderby, Guy Hindley, Ole A. Andreassen, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard
Objective
This study aims to investigate whether antidepressant users display differences in fat distribution and muscle composition relative to non-users and to explore risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes.
Methods
The study used quantitative adipose and muscle tissue measures derived from magnetic resonance imaging data from UK Biobank (N = 40,174). Fat distribution and muscle composition of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) users were compared with sex-, age-, and BMI-matched control individuals. Cox regression models were used to test for increased risk of developing CVD and type 2 diabetes.
Results
SSRI users had more visceral fat, smaller muscle volume, and higher muscle fat infiltration compared with matched control individuals. Female users showed a larger increase in BMI over time compared with male users. However, male users displayed an unhealthier body composition profile. Male SSRI users also had an increased risk of developing CVD. Both male and female TCA users showed lower muscle volume and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions
Adverse changes in body composition of antidepressant users are not captured by tracking the body weight or the BMI of the patients. These changes may lead to a worsened cardiometabolic risk profile.
{"title":"Poor muscle health and cardiometabolic risks associated with antidepressant treatment","authors":"Patrik Andersson, Jennifer Linge, Tiril P. Gurholt, Ida E. Sønderby, Guy Hindley, Ole A. Andreassen, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard","doi":"10.1002/oby.24085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate whether antidepressant users display differences in fat distribution and muscle composition relative to non-users and to explore risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study used quantitative adipose and muscle tissue measures derived from magnetic resonance imaging data from UK Biobank (<i>N</i> = 40,174). Fat distribution and muscle composition of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) users were compared with sex-, age-, and BMI-matched control individuals. Cox regression models were used to test for increased risk of developing CVD and type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SSRI users had more visceral fat, smaller muscle volume, and higher muscle fat infiltration compared with matched control individuals. Female users showed a larger increase in BMI over time compared with male users. However, male users displayed an unhealthier body composition profile. Male SSRI users also had an increased risk of developing CVD. Both male and female TCA users showed lower muscle volume and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adverse changes in body composition of antidepressant users are not captured by tracking the body weight or the BMI of the patients. These changes may lead to a worsened cardiometabolic risk profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"32 10","pages":"1857-1869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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