Obesity最新文献_第7页

Development and validation of the Food Noise Questionnaire 食物噪音问卷的编制及验证。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24216

Hanim E. Diktas, Michelle I. Cardel, Gary D. Foster, Monique M. LeBlanc, Stephanie L. Dickinson, Erin M. Ables, Xiwei Chen, Rebecca Nathan, Danielle Shapiro, Corby K. Martin

Objective

Food noise has received attention in the media, although no validated questionnaires exist to measure it. This study developed and tested the reliability and validity of the Food Noise Questionnaire (FNQ).

Methods

Participants (N = 400) successfully completed, the FNQ and a demographic questionnaire and self-reported weight and height. A subsample (n = 150) completed the FNQ 7 days later for test–retest reliability, and this subsample's first FNQ data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. The remaining subsample (n = 250) completed two preoccupation with food questionnaires to test convergent validity, along with mood, anxiety, and stress questionnaires to test for discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using this subsample's FNQ data.

Results

Data from 396 participants were analyzed (4 participants did not complete all FNQ items). The FNQ had excellent internal consistency reliability (Cronbach α = 0.93) and high test–retest reliability (r = 0.79; p < 0.001; mean [SD] = 7.4 [1.0] days between administration). Factor analyses found that the five FNQ items loaded onto a single factor, with good fit indices (χ²[5] = 52.87, p < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.20; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.95; standardized root mean squared residual [SRMR] = 0.03). The FNQ showed good convergent (all r > 0.78; p < 0.001) and discriminant (all r < 0.39; p < 0.001) validity.

Conclusions

The FNQ provides a psychometrically reliable and valid measure of food noise, although further research is needed to evaluate its clinical utility.

目的：食物噪音受到媒体的关注，但没有有效的问卷来测量它。本研究编制并检验食物噪音问卷（FNQ）的信度和效度。方法：参与者（N = 400）成功完成FNQ和人口统计问卷，并自报体重和身高。一个子样本（n = 150）在7天后完成FNQ测试以进行重测信度，该子样本的第一次FNQ数据进行探索性因子分析。其余子样本（n = 250）完成了两份关于食物的关注问卷来测试收敛效度，以及情绪、焦虑和压力问卷来测试区分效度。使用该子样本的FNQ数据进行验证性因子分析。结果：396名参与者的数据被分析（4名参与者没有完成所有的FNQ项目）。FNQ具有良好的内部一致性信度（Cronbach α = 0.93）和高的重测信度(r = 0.79；P 2[5] = 52.87, P 0.78；结论：FNQ提供了一种心理测量学上可靠和有效的食物噪音测量方法，尽管需要进一步的研究来评估其临床应用。

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引用次数: 0

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and salt sensitivity of blood pressure offer new insights in obesity phenotypes 肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统和血压的盐敏感性为肥胖表型提供了新的见解。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24218

Yan Emily Yuan, Andrea V. Haas, Bernard Rosner, Gordon H. Williams, Marie E. McDonnell, Gail K. Adler

Objective

Individuals who have metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO) do not have cardiometabolic complications despite an elevated BMI. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) are cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, which are increased in individuals with higher BMI values. Little is known about the differences in RAAS activation and SSBP between MHOO and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO) phenotypes.

Methods

We studied 1430 adults on controlled dietary sodium. Individuals in the MHOO group had BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² without comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, CVD), whereas individuals in the MUOO group had BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and at least one comorbidity. The control group included healthy individuals (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m²).

Results

BMI was similar between the MHOO (28.9 kg/m²) and MUOO groups (29.3 kg/m²; p = 0.317). On liberal sodium, the MUOO group had activated RAAS compared with the MHOO group, including higher plasma aldosterone concentration (mean [SD], 1.11 [0.48] ng/dL; p = 0.020), plasma angiotensin II levels (4.11 [2.0] pg/mL; p = 0.040), and percentage of individuals with plasma renin activity ≥ 1.0 ng/mL/h (+3.6%; p = 0.017). The MUOO group had higher SSBP than the MHOO group (6.0 [1.9] mm Hg; p = 0.002). Applying a zero-to-six-point metabolic health score found that a worse score was associated with higher measurements of RAAS activity and SSBP (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Compared to the MHOO group, the MUOO group was characterized by an increase in the following two CVD risk factors: higher RAAS activity and SSBP on controlled sodium diets. Therapeutic interventions targeting the effects of angiotensin II and/or aldosterone may offer cardiometabolic protection for individuals with the MUOO phenotype.

目的：代谢健康的超重/肥胖（MHOO）个体尽管BMI升高，但没有心脏代谢并发症。肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）激活和血压盐敏感性（SSBP）是心血管疾病（CVD）的危险因素，在BMI值较高的个体中增加。对于MHOO和代谢不健康超重/肥胖（MUOO）表型之间RAAS激活和SSBP的差异知之甚少。方法：对1430名控制饮食钠的成年人进行研究。MHOO组个体BMI≥25 kg/m2，无合并症（如糖尿病、血脂异常、高血压、心血管疾病），而MUOO组个体BMI≥25 kg/m2，且至少有一种合并症。对照组为健康个体（BMI为18.5 ~ 24.9 kg/m2）。结果：MHOO组BMI （28.9 kg/m2）与MUOO组BMI （29.3 kg/m2）相似；p = 0.317)。在游离钠方面，与MHOO组相比，MUOO组激活了RAAS，包括更高的血浆醛固酮浓度(平均[SD]， 1.11 [0.48] ng/dL；p = 0.020)，血浆血管紧张素II水平(4.11 [2.0]pg/mL；p = 0.040)，血浆肾素活性≥1.0 ng/mL/h的个体百分比(+3.6%；p = 0.017)。MUOO组SSBP高于MHOO组(6.0 [1.9]mm Hg；p = 0.002)。应用0到6分的代谢健康评分发现，较差的评分与较高的RAAS活性和SSBP测量值相关(p结论：与MHOO组相比，MUOO组的特点是以下两个CVD危险因素增加：控制钠饮食的较高RAAS活性和SSBP。针对血管紧张素II和/或醛固酮作用的治疗干预可能为MUOO表型的个体提供心脏代谢保护。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between community characteristics and impact of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases 社区特征与卡路里标签对快餐消费影响的关系

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24198

Roxanne Dupuis, Marie A. Bragg, Lloyd Heng, Emil Hafeez, Erilia Wu, Tod Mijanovich, Beth C. Weitzman, Pasquale E. Rummo, Brian Elbel

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate potential sources of heterogeneity in the effect of calorie labeling on fast-food purchases among restaurants located in areas with different neighborhood characteristics.

Methods

In a quasi-experimental design, using transaction data from 2329 Taco Bell restaurants across the United States between 2008 and 2014, we estimated the relationships of census tract-level income, racial and ethnic composition, and urbanicity with the impacts of calorie labeling on calories purchased per transaction.

Results

Calorie labeling led to small, absolute reductions in calories purchased across all population subgroups, ranging between −9.3 calories (95% CI: −18.7 to 0.0) and −37.6 calories (95% CI: −41.6 to −33.7) 2 years after labeling implementation. We observed the largest difference in the effect of calorie labeling between restaurants located in rural compared with those located in high-density urban census tracts 2 years after implementation, with the effect of calorie labeling being three times larger in urban areas.

Conclusions

Fast-food calorie labeling led to small reductions in calories purchased across all population subgroups except for rural census tracts, with some subgroups experiencing a greater benefit.

目的：本研究的目的是评估卡路里标签对位于不同社区特征地区的餐馆快餐消费影响的潜在异质性来源。方法：采用准实验设计，利用2008年至2014年美国2329家塔可钟餐厅的交易数据，估计人口普户区收入、种族和民族构成以及城市化程度与卡路里标签对每笔交易购买卡路里的影响之间的关系。结果：卡路里标签导致所有人群亚组的卡路里购买量的绝对减少，在标签实施2年后的-9.3卡路里（95% CI: -18.7至0.0）和-37.6卡路里（95% CI: -41.6至-33.7）之间。我们观察到，在实施两年后，位于农村的餐馆与位于高密度城市人口普查区的餐馆之间的卡路里标签效果差异最大，其中卡路里标签在城市地区的效果是城市地区的三倍。结论：快餐卡路里标签导致除了农村人口普查区以外的所有人口亚组中购买的卡路里都有小幅减少，其中一些亚组受益更大。

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引用次数: 0

β-alanine supplementation in adults with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled feasibility trial 超重和肥胖成人β-丙氨酸补充：一项随机对照可行性试验

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24204

Joseph J. Matthews, Jade V. Creighton, James Donaldson, Paul A. Swinton, Ioannis Kyrou, Srikanth Bellary, Iskandar Idris, Lívia Santos, Mark D. Turner, Craig L. Doig, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Craig Sale

Objective

Overweight and obesity are characterized by excess adiposity and systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is associated with several metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and tolerability of β-alanine supplementation and to explore the effects on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal function in adults with overweight and obesity.

Methods

A total of 27 adults (44% female; mean [SD], age: 58 [10] years, BMI: 31.1 [2.9] kg/m², hemoglobin A1c: 39.8 [4.3] mmol/mol) received β-alanine (4.8 g/day) or a matched placebo for 3 months. Feasibility and tolerability outcomes included adherence, side effects, recruitment, attrition, and blinding, and exploratory outcomes included biochemical markers, blood pressures, and transthoracic echocardiography parameters. Data were analyzed using a Bayesian approach presented with 95% credible intervals (CrI).

Results

β-alanine was well tolerated and adhered to (adherence: placebo, 0.91 [95% CrI: 0.84–0.95]; β-alanine, 0.92 [95% CrI: 0.85–0.95]), and side effects remained at or below baseline throughout. The probability that β-alanine supplementation affected cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, or clinical biochemical outcomes was low.

Conclusions

Sustained-release β-alanine supplementation is well tolerated and adhered to in adults with overweight and obesity. Future research should consider more advanced metabolic conditions, which may benefit from longer duration supplementation.

目的：超重和肥胖的特征是过度肥胖和系统性、慢性、低度炎症，这与几种代谢紊乱有关。本研究的目的是评估β-丙氨酸补充剂的可行性和耐受性，并探讨其对超重和肥胖成人心脏代谢健康和心血管、肝脏和肾脏功能的影响。方法：共27例成人(女性44%；平均[SD]，年龄：58岁，BMI: 31.1 [2.9] kg/m2，血红蛋白A1c: 39.8 [4.3] mmol/mol)接受β-丙氨酸（4.8 g/天）或匹配的安慰剂治疗3个月。可行性和耐受性结果包括依从性、副作用、招募、损耗和致盲，探索性结果包括生化指标、血压和经胸超声心动图参数。使用95%可信区间（CrI）的贝叶斯方法分析数据。结果：β-丙氨酸耐受性良好，并坚持使用(依从性：安慰剂，0.91 [95% CrI: 0.84-0.95]；β-丙氨酸，0.92 [95% CrI: 0.85-0.95])，副作用始终保持在或低于基线。β-丙氨酸补充影响心脏代谢、心血管或临床生化结果的可能性很低。结论：在超重和肥胖的成年人中，β-丙氨酸缓释补充具有良好的耐受性和依从性。未来的研究应考虑更晚期的代谢状况，这可能受益于较长时间的补充。

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引用次数: 0

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and upper endoscopy: a real-world experience

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24190

Pichamol Jirapinyo, Noppachai Siranart, Christopher C. Thompson

Objective

Increased use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) has raised safety concerns during endoscopy due to their mechanism of delaying gastric emptying. This study aims to evaluate the impact of GLP-1RAs on technical success and safety of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

Methods

This was a retrospective study of bariatric patients who underwent EGD between January 2022 and December 2023. Only patients on GLP-1RAs were included and were categorized into those who held GLP-1RAs prior to EGD (GLP-HELD group) and those who did not (GLP-CONTINUED group). The primary outcome was technical success, defined as completion of EGD without interruption. Secondary outcomes included the presence of residual gastric contents during EGD and aspiration rates.

Results

A total of 629 patients were included. Baseline age and BMI were mean (SD) 54.9 (13.0) years and 37.3 (8.0) kg/m², respectively. Of 629 patients, 146 (23%) were in the GLP-HELD group, and 483 (77%) were in the GLP-CONTINUED group. For the primary outcome, rates of early termination of EGD were similar between groups (1.4% for GLP-CONTINUED vs. 0% for GLP-HELD; p = 0.36). For secondary outcomes, incidence of residual gastric contents was similar between groups (6.4% for GLP-CONTINUED vs. 2.7% for GLP-HELD; p = 0.09). There were no aspiration events in either group.

Conclusions

Continuation of GLP-1RAs did not appear to be associated with an increased incidence of residual gastric contents, early procedural termination, or aspiration events.

{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and upper endoscopy: a real-world experience","authors":"Pichamol Jirapinyo, Noppachai Siranart, Christopher C. Thompson","doi":"10.1002/oby.24190","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24190","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) has raised safety concerns during endoscopy due to their mechanism of delaying gastric emptying. This study aims to evaluate the impact of GLP-1RAs on technical success and safety of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective study of bariatric patients who underwent EGD between January 2022 and December 2023. Only patients on GLP-1RAs were included and were categorized into those who held GLP-1RAs prior to EGD (GLP-HELD group) and those who did not (GLP-CONTINUED group). The primary outcome was technical success, defined as completion of EGD without interruption. Secondary outcomes included the presence of residual gastric contents during EGD and aspiration rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 629 patients were included. Baseline age and BMI were mean (SD) 54.9 (13.0) years and 37.3 (8.0) kg/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Of 629 patients, 146 (23%) were in the GLP-HELD group, and 483 (77%) were in the GLP-CONTINUED group. For the primary outcome, rates of early termination of EGD were similar between groups (1.4% for GLP-CONTINUED vs. 0% for GLP-HELD; <i>p</i> = 0.36). For secondary outcomes, incidence of residual gastric contents was similar between groups (6.4% for GLP-CONTINUED vs. 2.7% for GLP-HELD; <i>p</i> = 0.09). There were no aspiration events in either group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Continuation of GLP-1RAs did not appear to be associated with an increased incidence of residual gastric contents, early procedural termination, or aspiration events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of a low-carbohydrate (vs. low-fat) diet on fat mass loss in African American women is modulated by insulin sensitivity 低碳水化合物（相对于低脂）饮食对非裔美国妇女脂肪量减少的影响是由胰岛素敏感性调节的。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24201

Catia Martins, David R. Bryan, S. Katherine Sweatt, W. Timothy Garvey, Kevin R. Fontaine, Gareth R. Dutton, Barbara A. Gower

Objective

The objective of this study was to examine the independent and interactive effects of insulin sensitivity (S_I), the acute insulin response to glucose, and diet on changes in fat mass (FM), resting and total energy expenditure (REE and TEE, respectively), and mechanical efficiency, during weight loss, in African American women with obesity.

Methods

A total of 69 women were randomized to low-fat (55% carbohydrate [CHO], 20% fat) or low-CHO (20% CHO, 55% fat) hypocaloric diets for 10 weeks, followed by a 4-week weight-stabilization period (controlled feeding). S_I and acute insulin response to glucose were measured at baseline with an intravenous glucose tolerance test; body composition was measured with bioimpedance analysis at baseline and week 10; and REE, TEE, and mechanical efficiency were measured with indirect calorimetry, doubly labeled water, and a submaximal bike test, respectively, at baseline and week 14.

Results

Within the group with low S_I, those on the low-CHO diet lost more weight (mean [SE], −6.6 [1.0] vs. −4.1 [1.4] kg; p = 0.076) and FM (−4.9 [0.9] vs. −2.1 [1.0] kg; p = 0.04) and experienced a lower reduction in REE (−48 [30] vs. −145 [30] kcal/day; p = 0.035) and TEE (mean [SE] 67 [56] vs. −230 [125] kcal/day; p = 0.009) compared with those on the low-fat diet.

Conclusions

A low-CHO diet leads to a greater FM loss in African American women with obesity and low S_I, likely by minimizing the reduction in EE that follows weight loss.

目的：本研究的目的是研究非裔美国肥胖女性减肥过程中，胰岛素敏感性（SI）、胰岛素对葡萄糖的急性反应和饮食对脂肪量（FM）、静息和总能量消耗（REE和TEE）以及机械效率变化的独立和相互作用。方法：共有69名妇女被随机分为低脂（55%碳水化合物[CHO]， 20%脂肪）或低CHO （20% CHO， 55%脂肪）低热量饮食，为期10周，随后是4周的体重稳定期（控制喂养）。通过静脉葡萄糖耐量试验在基线时测量SI和急性胰岛素对葡萄糖的反应；在基线和第10周用生物阻抗分析测量体成分；在基线和第14周分别用间接量热法、双标记水和次最大自行车测试测量REE、TEE和机械效率。结果：在低SI组中，低cho饮食组的体重减轻更多(平均[SE]， -6.6 [1.0] vs. -4.1 [1.4] kg；p = 0.076)和FM (-4.9 [0.9] vs. -2.1 [1.0] kg；p = 0.04)， REE减少量较低(-48 [30]vs -145[30]千卡/天；p = 0.035)和t(意思是(SE) 67[56]和[125]-230千卡/天;P = 0.009)。结论：低cho饮食导致肥胖和低SI的非裔美国女性更大的FM损失，可能是由于体重减轻后EE的减少最小化。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on use of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment in five randomized controlled STEP trials 5项随机对照STEP试验中，西马鲁肽2.4 mg对降压降脂治疗的影响。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24202

Beverly G. Tchang, Michael G. Knight, Kasper Adelborg, Jennifer N. Clements, Aske Thorn Iversen, Andrea Traina

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment changes in participants receiving semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo across pooled populations from five Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with Obesity (STEP) trials.

Methods

Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg were evaluated in the STEP clinical trials. In this post hoc analysis, STEP 1, 3, 6, and 8 (which included people with overweight or obesity) and, separately, STEP 2 and 6 (which included people with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes) were pooled for analysis. Changes in antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensity from randomization to end of treatment were evaluated.

Results

In both pooled samples, a higher proportion of participants in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo underwent antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensity reduction by end of treatment. A smaller proportion underwent antihypertensive or lipid-lowering treatment intensification by end of treatment in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group of both samples versus placebo. In participants receiving antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications in both samples, greater numeric reductions in body weight were observed in the semaglutide 2.4 mg group versus placebo.

Conclusions

These results support a relationship between semaglutide 2.4 mg treatment of overweight and obesity and reduced need for antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment, facilitating treatment intensity reduction/discontinuation and abating treatment intensification.

目的：本研究的目的是评估来自5项塞马鲁肽治疗肥胖症（STEP）试验的合并人群中接受塞马鲁肽2.4 mg与安慰剂治疗的参与者的降压和降脂治疗变化。方法：在STEP临床试验中评价西马鲁肽2.4 mg的疗效和安全性。在这个事后分析中，步骤1、3、6和8（包括超重或肥胖的人）以及步骤2和6（包括超重或肥胖和2型糖尿病的人）被合并进行分析。评估从随机分组到治疗结束的降压或降脂治疗强度的变化。结果：在这两个合并的样本中，在治疗结束时，与安慰剂组相比，semaglutide 2.4 mg组的参与者接受降压或降脂治疗强度降低的比例更高。在治疗结束时，与安慰剂组相比，使用semaglutide 2.4 mg组接受降压或降脂治疗的比例更小。在接受降压或降脂药物治疗的两组受试者中，与安慰剂组相比，semaglutide 2.4 mg组的体重下降幅度更大。结论：这些结果支持西马鲁肽2.4 mg治疗超重和肥胖与降低降压和降脂治疗需求之间的关系，促进治疗强度的降低/停止和治疗强度的减弱。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in abdominal adipose tissues and ectopic fat depots during pregnancy are dissociated from gestational weight gain 妊娠期间腹部脂肪组织和异位脂肪库的变化与妊娠期体重增加无关。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24176

Christina Sonne Mogensen, Faidon Magkos, Elizaveta Chabanova, Christian Mølgaard, Nina Rica Wium Geiker

Objective

The study objective was to evaluate changes in abdominal adipose tissue and ectopic fat during pregnancy and their associations with gestational weight gain (GWG) in women with overweight/obesity.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Magnetic resonance scans were performed during gestational week (GW) 15, GW 32, and around birth to measure abdominal subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues, liver fat, and muscle fat. Linear mixed models and multivariable linear regression analyses were utilized, adjusting for prepregnancy BMI, parity, and randomization.

Results

Among 119 women, VAT and SAT decreased from GW 15 to GW 32 but rebounded at birth; final levels were lower than at GW 15. Liver fat and muscle fat did not change significantly. GWG was positively associated with changes in SAT but not with those in VAT, liver fat, or muscle fat.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates dynamic changes in abdominal fat depots during pregnancy in women with overweight/obesity. The observed reduction in VAT and SAT during pregnancy and the association of GWG with SAT suggest that weight gain during pregnancy may be less metabolically harmful than outside pregnancy. Future research should investigate the mechanisms and long-term effects on maternal and child health.

目的：研究目的是评估妊娠期间腹部脂肪组织和异位脂肪的变化及其与超重/肥胖妇女妊娠体重增加（GWG）的关系。方法：本研究为随机对照试验的二次分析。在妊娠周（GW） 15、GW 32和分娩前后进行磁共振扫描，测量腹部皮下（SAT）和内脏（VAT）脂肪组织、肝脏脂肪和肌肉脂肪。采用线性混合模型和多变量线性回归分析，调整孕前BMI、胎次和随机化。结果：119名妇女的VAT和SAT从15gw下降到32gw，但在出生时反弹；最终水平低于GW 15。肝脏脂肪和肌肉脂肪变化不显著。GWG与SAT的变化呈正相关，但与VAT、肝脏脂肪或肌肉脂肪的变化无关。结论：本研究证实了超重/肥胖妇女妊娠期间腹部脂肪库的动态变化。观察到怀孕期间VAT和SAT的降低以及GWG与SAT的关联表明，怀孕期间体重增加可能比怀孕期间体重增加对代谢的危害要小。未来的研究应探讨其对母婴健康的机制和长期影响。

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引用次数: 0

Increased copeptin may reflect vasopressin-related metabolic changes after bariatric surgery copeptin升高可能反映了减肥手术后血管加压素相关的代谢变化。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24200

Francesca Galbiati, Imen Becetti, Meghan Lauze, Anna Aulinas, Vibha Singhal, Miriam A. Bredella, Elizabeth A. Lawson, Madhusmita Misra

Objective

Mechanisms underlying metabolic improvement following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may provide insight into novel therapies. Vasopressin improves body composition and protects against hypoglycemia. Associations of copeptin, a stable cleavage product of vasopressin, with BMI and insulin resistance suggest an adaptive increase in vasopressin to counteract metabolic disruption. To our knowledge, no study has investigated copeptin before and after MBS in humans. This study's aim was to investigate copeptin changes following MBS and associations with metabolic parameters.

Methods

This was a 12-month longitudinal study of 64 youth (78% female; mean age 18.7 [SD 2.8] y) with obesity (mean BMI 45.6 [SD 6.8] kg/m²) undergoing MBS (n = 34) or nonsurgical (NS) lifestyle management (n = 30). Fasting copeptin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body composition, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were assessed.

Results

Over 12 months, copeptin increased more (time-by-treatment p = 0.017) whereas HbA1c and adiposity decreased more after MBS than NS (ps ≤ 0.036). Copeptin changes correlated negatively with percentage fat mass and REE changes (rho ≤ −0.29; ps ≤ 0.025) in the whole group, and they correlated positively with HbA1c and HOMA-IR (rho ≥ 0.41; false discovery rate–adjusted p = 0.05) and negatively with REE changes (rho = −0.55; false discovery rate–adjusted p = 0.036) in the MBS group.

Conclusions

Increases in copeptin after weight loss in MBS compared with NS were associated with lower REE and higher HbA1c/HOMA-IR values. Vasopressin may contribute to MBS-related metabolic modifications.

目的：代谢和减肥手术（MBS）后代谢改善的机制可能为新疗法提供见解。抗利尿激素改善身体成分，防止低血糖。抗利尿激素的稳定裂解产物copeptin与BMI和胰岛素抵抗的关系提示抗利尿激素的适应性增加以抵消代谢中断。据我们所知，没有研究调查了人类MBS前后的copeptin。本研究的目的是研究MBS后copeptin的变化及其与代谢参数的关系。方法：对64名青年(78%为女性；平均年龄18.7 [SD 2.8] y)，肥胖（平均BMI 45.6 [SD 6.8] kg/m2），接受MBS （n = 34）或非手术（NS）生活方式管理（n = 30）。评估空腹copeptin、血红蛋白A1c （HbA1c）、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）、身体成分和静息能量消耗（REE）。结果：在12个月内，MBS后copeptin升高（治疗时间p = 0.017）， HbA1c和肥胖下降（ps≤0.036）高于NS。Copeptin变化与脂肪质量百分比和REE变化呈负相关(rho≤-0.29；ps≤0.025)，且与HbA1c、HOMA-IR呈正相关(rho≥0.41；假发现率调整p = 0.05)，与稀土元素变化呈负相关(rho = -0.55；假发现率调整p = 0.036)。结论：与NS相比，MBS患者体重减轻后copeptin升高与REE降低和HbA1c/HOMA-IR值升高有关。抗利尿激素可能有助于mbs相关的代谢改变。

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引用次数: 0

Racial disparities in gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Black and White pregnant people with obesity 黑人和白人肥胖孕妇孕期体重增加和不良妊娠结局的种族差异。

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Obesity

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24206

Chelsea L. Kracht, Emily W. Harville, Nicole L. Cohen, Elizabeth F. Sutton, Maryam Kebbe, Leanne M. Redman

Objective

This study of pregnant people with obesity examined two aims in testing the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic widened racial disparity in maternal health in high-risk pregnancies; it compared by race both (1) gestational weight gain (GWG) patterns and (2) patterns of preexisting conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective chart review included birth certificate and delivery records from a large women's specialty hospital in Louisiana between 2018 and 2022. Differences in preexisting conditions, GWG, and adverse pregnancy outcomes were explored across early-, peak-, and late-pandemic periods using log-linear regression and robust Poisson models.

Results

Among 7431 deliveries (54% Black), Black pregnant people had higher rates of preexisting type 2 diabetes and chronic hypertension but lower rates of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia compared to White pregnant people across all periods. Black individuals had higher prepregnancy weight and lower GWG compared to White individuals across all periods. GWG differences were not significant in peak- and late-pandemic periods.

Conclusions

Black individuals with obesity started pregnancy with higher weight and more preexisting conditions but had lower GWG compared to White individuals. Exacerbated disparities in preexisting conditions demonstrate higher health risks for Black individuals during pregnancy.

目的：本研究旨在验证COVID-19大流行扩大高危妊娠孕产妇健康种族差异的假设；它比较了(1)妊娠体重增加（GWG）模式和(2)既往疾病和不良妊娠结局的模式。方法：本回顾性图表回顾包括路易斯安那州一家大型妇女专科医院2018年至2022年的出生证明和分娩记录。使用对数线性回归和鲁棒泊松模型探讨了在大流行早期、高峰和后期存在的疾病、GWG和不良妊娠结局的差异。结果：在7431例分娩中（54%为黑人），与白人孕妇相比，黑人孕妇先前存在的2型糖尿病和慢性高血压的发生率较高，但妊娠期糖尿病和先兆子痫的发生率较低。在所有时期，与白人相比，黑人的孕前体重更高，GWG更低。在大流行高峰期和后期，GWG差异不显著。结论：与白人相比，肥胖的黑人怀孕时体重较高，既往疾病较多，但GWG较低。先前存在疾病的差异加剧，表明黑人在怀孕期间面临更高的健康风险。

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引用次数: 0