Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Increased copeptin may reflect vasopressin-related metabolic changes after bariatric surgery","authors":"Francesca Galbiati,&nbsp;Imen Becetti,&nbsp;Meghan Lauze,&nbsp;Anna Aulinas,&nbsp;Vibha Singhal,&nbsp;Miriam A. Bredella,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Lawson,&nbsp;Madhusmita Misra","doi":"10.1002/oby.24200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mechanisms underlying metabolic improvement following metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may provide insight into novel therapies. Vasopressin improves body composition and protects against hypoglycemia. Associations of copeptin, a stable cleavage product of vasopressin, with BMI and insulin resistance suggest an adaptive increase in vasopressin to counteract metabolic disruption. To our knowledge, no study has investigated copeptin before and after MBS in humans. This study's aim was to investigate copeptin changes following MBS and associations with metabolic parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a 12-month longitudinal study of 64 youth (78% female; mean age 18.7 [SD 2.8] y) with obesity (mean BMI 45.6 [SD 6.8] kg/m²) undergoing MBS (<i>n</i> = 34) or nonsurgical (NS) lifestyle management (<i>n</i> = 30). Fasting copeptin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body composition, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 12 months, copeptin increased more (time-by-treatment <i>p</i> = 0.017) whereas HbA1c and adiposity decreased more after MBS than NS (<i>ps</i> ≤ 0.036). Copeptin changes correlated negatively with percentage fat mass and REE changes (rho ≤ −0.29; <i>p</i>s ≤ 0.025) in the whole group, and they correlated positively with HbA1c and HOMA-IR (rho ≥ 0.41; false discovery rate–adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.05) and negatively with REE changes (rho = −0.55; false discovery rate–adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.036) in the MBS group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increases in copeptin after weight loss in MBS compared with NS were associated with lower REE and higher HbA1c/HOMA-IR values. Vasopressin may contribute to MBS-related metabolic modifications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"298-307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial disparities in gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Black and White pregnant people with obesity","authors":"Chelsea L. Kracht,&nbsp;Emily W. Harville,&nbsp;Nicole L. Cohen,&nbsp;Elizabeth F. Sutton,&nbsp;Maryam Kebbe,&nbsp;Leanne M. Redman","doi":"10.1002/oby.24206","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study of pregnant people with obesity examined two aims in testing the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic widened racial disparity in maternal health in high-risk pregnancies; it compared by race both (1) gestational weight gain (GWG) patterns and (2) patterns of preexisting conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective chart review included birth certificate and delivery records from a large women's specialty hospital in Louisiana between 2018 and 2022. Differences in preexisting conditions, GWG, and adverse pregnancy outcomes were explored across early-, peak-, and late-pandemic periods using log-linear regression and robust Poisson models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 7431 deliveries (54% Black), Black pregnant people had higher rates of preexisting type 2 diabetes and chronic hypertension but lower rates of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia compared to White pregnant people across all periods. Black individuals had higher prepregnancy weight and lower GWG compared to White individuals across all periods. GWG differences were not significant in peak- and late-pandemic periods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black individuals with obesity started pregnancy with higher weight and more preexisting conditions but had lower GWG compared to White individuals. Exacerbated disparities in preexisting conditions demonstrate higher health risks for Black individuals during pregnancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siesta behavior and genetics interact to influence obesity risk","authors":"María Rodríguez-Martín,&nbsp;Diego Salmerón,&nbsp;Hassan S. Dashti,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Cascales,&nbsp;Aurora Aragón-Alonso,&nbsp;Frank A. J. L. Scheer,&nbsp;Richa Saxena,&nbsp;Marta Garaulet","doi":"10.1002/oby.24173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, we aim to investigate the interactions between obesity, siesta behavior, and the genetic propensity for siesta in a Mediterranean population, in whom siesta is deeply rooted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We applied a previously generated Siesta-Polygenic Score (PGS) in the ONTIME study (<i>n</i> = 1278). Siesta and other Mediterranean lifestyle behaviors were characterized using questionnaires. We further determined obesity grade. Secondarily, we measured weight loss during treatment as well as long-term weight-loss maintenance. Logistic regression analyses were performed to address our aim.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 42.4% of the population usually took siesta. A significant genetic influence on siesta propensity was found, with a higher genetic predisposition linked to taking siesta more frequently (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03–1.32; <i>p</i> = 0.015). Participants with a higher genetic propensity for siesta showed poorer dietary habits (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Among individuals with a high genetic propensity for siesta, we found that those who usually take siesta have lower odds of having obesity (<i>p</i> = 0.038) compared with those who do not. Similarly, in exploratory analysis, among individuals with a high genetic propensity for siesta, we found that those who usually take siesta have higher odds of weight-loss success (<i>p</i> = 0.007) compared with those who do not.   </p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considering the ongoing debate regarding whether siesta is beneficial or detrimental, our findings suggest that individual genetic predisposition to siesta might influence the association between siesta and health.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"164-176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Obesity Society 2024 Awards and Grants","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/oby.24217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.24217","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Obesity Society's awards and grants programs recognize specific research achievements and major contributions to the basic science, treatment, and prevention of obesity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The George A. Bray Founders Award recognizes an individual for significant contributions that advance the scientific or clinical basis for understanding or treating obesity and for extensive involvement with The Obesity Society (TOS). A TOS member receives a plaque and a $1000 award&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Jeffrey M. Zigman, MD, PhD, FTOS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;UT Southwestern Medical Center&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dallas, Texas&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Learn to Love LEAP2&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Jeffrey Zigman received an MD/PhD from the University of Chicago. He completed a residency in Internal Medicine at the University of Chicago and a fellowship in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Jeff has spent the last 17 years at UT Southwestern Medical Center, where he is currently Professor of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, with a primary appointment in the Center for Hypothalamic Research. His lab's research focuses on ghrelin cell physiology, contributions by the ghrelin system to metabolic disorders, and neuronal mediation of ghrelin action. He is proud to serve as a member of the TOS Governing Board.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Friends of Albert (Mickey) Stunkard Lifetime Achievement Award is designed to recognize people who, like Mickey Stunkard, have made a lifetime of outstanding contributions to the field of obesity in terms of scholarship, mentorship, and education. This member of The Obesity Society receives a plaque and a $1000 award&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Samuel Klein, MD, FTOS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Washington University School of Medicine&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;St. Louis, Missouri&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Metabolic Heterogeneity of Obesity&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr. Samuel Klein is the William H. Danforth Professor of Medicine, Director of the Center for Human Nutrition, Medical Director of the Clinical and Translational Research Unit, and Chief of the Division of Nutritional Science and Obesity Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Dr. Klein received an MD degree from Temple University Medical School and an MS degree in Nutritional Biochemistry and Metabolism from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He completed residency training in Internal Medicine and a Clinical Nutrition fellowship at Boston University Hospital, a Nutrition and Metabolism Research fellowship at Harvard Medical School, and a Gastroenterology fellowship at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York. He is board certified in Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Nutrition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;The TOPS Research Achievement Award recognizes an individual for singular achievement or contribution to research in the field of obesity. This award is made possible through an annual grant from the Take Off Pounds Sensibly Club, Inc. (TOPS). The recipient receives a $5000 award along with a plaque and a $1000 stipend to cover travel expenses ","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"209-214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and postpartum hospital use among individuals without additional medical comorbidities","authors":"Kimberly B. Glazer,&nbsp;Teresa Janevic,&nbsp;Natalie Boychuk,&nbsp;Natalia Egorova,&nbsp;Paul Hebert,&nbsp;Jennifer Zeitlin,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Howell","doi":"10.1002/oby.24167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24167","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to examine whether obesity without preexisting or gestational comorbidities is associated with postpartum hospital use (PHU).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied 2016 to 2018 birth certificate and discharge data on 178,729 New York City births without <i>International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision</i> (ICD-10) codes at delivery for diabetes; hypertension; placental disease; anemia; thyrotoxicosis; bariatric surgery; and pulmonary, cardiac, renal, bleeding, autoimmune, digestive, neuromuscular, mental, or substance-use disorders. We defined PHU as ≥1 readmission or emergency department visit within 30 days of delivery discharge. We used ICD-10 codes to specify postpartum hypertension, infection, or hemorrhage during PHU (i.e., “cause-specific PHU”) because these are leading mortality causes. We examined associations between prepregnancy BMI and PHU using multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PHU incidence was 3.7% for those with normal weight, 5.1% for those with overweight, 6.3% for those with class 1 or 2 obesity, and 9.1% for those with class 3 obesity. A positive association persisted after adjustment. Obesity was associated with cause-specific PHU of postpartum hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.2, 95% confidence limits [CL]: 1.8–2.7, normal weight referent) and wound infection (aOR: 1.5, 95% CL: 1.2–1.8), but not hemorrhage (aOR: 0.9, 95% CL: 0.7–1.3), mastitis, or genitourinary infection (aOR: 1.1, 95% CL: 0.9–1.3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among individuals without other comorbidities, elevated BMI was associated with PHU. Findings can inform obstetric management to reduce morbidity during the critical fourth trimester.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP1Ra-based therapies and DXA-acquired musculoskeletal health outcomes: a focused meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials","authors":"Kristen M. Beavers,&nbsp;Tiffany M. Cortes,&nbsp;Colleen M. Foy,&nbsp;Lauren Dinkla,&nbsp;Fernando Reyes San Martin,&nbsp;Jamy D. Ard,&nbsp;Monica C. Serra,&nbsp;Daniel P. Beavers","doi":"10.1002/oby.24172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1Ra)-based therapies on change in dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-acquired lean mass (LM) or bone mineral density (BMD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed and Web of Science were searched from database inception through January 29, 2024, for randomized, placebo-controlled trials reporting on change in DXA-acquired LM or BMD measures associated with 12+ weeks of GLP1Ra-based treatment. Of 2618 articles, 9 trials met prespecified search criteria, with 7 reporting on change in total body LM and 2 reporting on change in BMD. For LM outcomes, a hierarchical Bayesian model was used to estimate treatment mean differences. BMD outcomes were described narratively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LM was reported in a total of 659 participants (GLP1Ra-based therapies: <i>n</i> = 419; placebo: <i>n</i> = 240), with follow-up times ranging from mean (SD) 12 to 72 (33.5) weeks. At baseline, participants were aged mean (SD) 41.7 (7.6) years, and 75% were female, with BMI values ranging from 30 to 43 kg/m². Compared with placebo, GLP1Ra-based treatment was associated with significantly reduced total body weight (−6.9 kg; 95% credible interval [CI]: −10.7 to −3.0). GLP1Ra-based treatment was also associated with significantly reduced LM (−1.9 kg; 95% CI: −3.5 to −0.2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately 30% of body weight lost with GLP1Ra-based therapy is LM. More data are needed assessing BMD outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"225-237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary treatment patterns of overweight and obesity: insights from the Mass General Brigham health care system","authors":"John W. Ostrominski,&nbsp;Kavishwar B. Wagholikar,&nbsp;Kelly Olsson,&nbsp;Ozan Unlu,&nbsp;David Zelle,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar,&nbsp;Austen M. Smith,&nbsp;Joshua C. Toliver,&nbsp;Wojciech Michalak,&nbsp;Anthony Fabricatore,&nbsp;Bríain Ó. Hartaigh,&nbsp;Heather J. Baer,&nbsp;Christopher P. Cannon,&nbsp;Caroline M. Apovian,&nbsp;Naomi D. L. Fisher,&nbsp;Jorge Plutzky,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Scirica,&nbsp;Alexander J. Blood","doi":"10.1002/oby.24186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related conditions (ORCs), and antiobesity medication (AOM) eligibility and prescribing practice among eligible patients in a large health care system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional analysis of the multicenter Mass General Brigham health care system (Boston, Massachusetts) spanning 2018 to 2022, adults eligible for AOMs (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² or BMI 27–29.9 kg/m² with ≥1 ORC) were identified. Among those AOM-eligible, the prevalence of prescriptions for AOMs approved for long-term weight management was evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 2,469,474 adults (mean [SD], age 53 [19] years; 57% female; BMI 28.1 [6.3] kg/m²), a total of 1,110,251 (45.0%) were eligible for AOMs. Of these, 69.4% (31.2% of overall cohort) had BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². AOM prescription was observed in 15,214 (1.4%) of all eligible patients, with female sex, younger age, higher BMI, commercial insurance, and greater ORC burden associated with higher prevalence of AOM prescriptions. Musculoskeletal disorders (54%) were the most common ORCs, with ≥2 ORCs observed in 62% of patients. Liraglutide 3.0 mg and semaglutide 2.4 mg were the most frequently prescribed AOMs (58% and 34% of all AOMs, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although nearly one-half of all patients in a large health care system were AOM-eligible by guidelines and regulatory labeling, only 1% of those who were eligible were prescribed AOMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 2","pages":"365-384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The various associations between whole /regional fat mass and trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: a nonlinear multistate model","authors":"Xinming Xu,&nbsp;Yi Guo,&nbsp;Lili Huang,&nbsp;Berty Ruping Song,&nbsp;Dan Chen,&nbsp;Fangfang Weng,&nbsp;Xueying Zheng,&nbsp;Yu Wen,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wu,&nbsp;Xiang Gao,&nbsp;Liang Sun","doi":"10.1002/oby.24185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the association of whole body/regional fat mass (FM) with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) trajectory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a prospective analysis using the UK Biobank. The FM index (FMI), a surrogate for whole body FM, and regional FM (i.e., arm, leg, and trunk) were examined as exposures. A nonlinear multistate framework was used to evaluate the association  between whole/regional FM and CMD trajectory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 423,966 participants (mean age 56.1 [SD 8.10] years, 43.9% men) with a median follow-up of 13.5 years, varied associations were identified between whole/regional FM and transitions in the CMD trajectory. Upper body FM (i.e., arm and trunk) exhibited significant positive J-shaped associations in the transitions from first CMD (FCMD) or cardiometabolic multimorbidity to death; however, FMI and leg FM demonstrated L-shaped associations. Leg FM played a beneficial role in the transition from FCMD to death, with a hazard ratio of 0.950 (95% CI: 0.931–0.968) per 1 kg.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Body fat composition and distribution revealed various associations with CMD trajectory, highlighting their clinical importance. Upper body FM among those participants with FCMD or cardiometabolic multimorbidity demonstrated positive J-shaped associations toward death, providing no evidence of the “obesity paradox.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"198-208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological attributes and eating behaviors in 5- to 12-year-old children during periods of stress","authors":"Cecilia Sena,&nbsp;Julia Della Torre,&nbsp;Eshita Garg,&nbsp;Hao Zheng,&nbsp;Ivette Partida,&nbsp;Shaleen K. Thaker,&nbsp;Jennifer Woo Baidal,&nbsp;Deborah V. Shamsian,&nbsp;John C. Rausch,&nbsp;Vidhu V. Thaker","doi":"10.1002/oby.24197","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the association between psychological attributes and obesogenic behaviors in children during the period of COVID-19 pandemic-induced stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational study collected data from caregivers of 5- to 12-year-old children from three diverse groups assessing sociodemographic, economic, and perceived stress, along with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Family Eating and Activity Habits Questionnaire, revised (FEAHQ-R), in October 2020 and June 2021. The outcome measures were SDQ and FEAHQ-R scores. The SDQ subscales were compared with US child norms. Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between the SDQ subscales and FEAHQ-R domains, adjusting for socioeconomic covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 361 families (496 children) completed the SDQ and FEAHQ-R. The SDQ subscale scores were higher than those of age/gender norms (<i>p</i> = 0.006–&lt;0.001). Eating style (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and food stimulus exposure scores (<i>p</i> = 0.005–0.01) were associated with the SDQ subscales, but not satiety response. Perceived stress was a significant covariate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The baseline obesity status of the children was not statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychological stress is associated with higher hedonic behavior in children. Food stimulus exposure and leisure access can be targeted for intervention during periods of prolonged stress.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"134-145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/oby.24197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the Letter to the Editor by Athinarayanan","authors":"Jaime P. Almandoz,&nbsp;Thomas A. Wadden,&nbsp;Colleen Tewksbury,&nbsp;Caroline M. Apovian,&nbsp;Angela Fitch,&nbsp;Jamy D. Ard,&nbsp;Zhaoping Li,&nbsp;Jesse Richards,&nbsp;W. Scott Butsch,&nbsp;Irina Jouravskaya,&nbsp;Kadie S. Vanderman,&nbsp;Lisa M. Neff","doi":"10.1002/oby.24191","DOIUrl":"10.1002/oby.24191","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;TO THE EDITOR:&lt;/b&gt; We thank Dr. Athinarayanan for her interest in our review [&lt;span&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;] and appreciate the opportunity to respond.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We agree that patients face many challenges maintaining long-term body weight reduction, including widespread misconceptions regarding the long-term effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for obesity, along with the body's physiological response to weight loss, which can lead to reduced energy expenditure and increased appetite [&lt;span&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;]. Limited access to treatment is also a barrier to successful long-term weight management [&lt;span&gt;(3)&lt;/span&gt;]. However, we dispute Dr. Athinarayanan's suggestion that dietary carbohydrate restriction (or any other lifestyle intervention) is a proven, effective strategy for weight maintenance after treatment with antiobesity medications (AOMs). Evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) shows that, even with ongoing lifestyle counseling, weight regain is typically observed after AOM cessation [&lt;span&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;]. Accordingly, long-term use of pharmacotherapy is recommended for weight maintenance [&lt;span&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;]; therefore, weight management after deprescription was outside of the scope of our review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our review recommended a variety of healthy dietary patterns for patients treated with AOMs and highlighted the importance of individualized lifestyle goals. A low-carbohydrate diet was not excluded from our recommendations, and we provided guidance for clinicians whose patients prefer this dietary pattern. However, when considering the potential impacts of dietary patterns on long-term health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and mortality, there is more evidence to support a recommendation for moderate-carbohydrate dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean and healthy plant-based diets [&lt;span&gt;(1, 4)&lt;/span&gt;]. Indeed, we feel that the strength of the evidence to specifically recommend a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern is low. The carbohydrate-insulin model is an interesting but controversial theoretical model that is challenged by scientific evidence that supports alternate theories of obesity pathophysiology [&lt;span&gt;(2, 5)&lt;/span&gt;]. As evidence of the efficacy of low-carbohydrate dietary patterns on weight maintenance, Dr. Athinarayanan cites nonrandomized studies, including a report from the National Weight Control Registry, a prospective cohort study of individuals who, prior to study entry, had maintained a weight reduction of at least 30 lb for 1 year or more. Of note, only 11% of registry participants reported losing weight with a low-carbohydrate dietary approach [&lt;span&gt;(6)&lt;/span&gt;]. We appreciate the work of Dr. Athinarayanan and colleagues, which includes descriptive, nonrandomized studies of outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes who self-selected a telehealth-based continuous care program leveraging a low-carbohydrate dietary pattern [&lt;span&gt;(7, 8)&lt;/span&gt;]. We also appreciate their recent retrospective analysis of th","PeriodicalId":215,"journal":{"name":"Obesity","volume":"33 1","pages":"9-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}