Seminars in Ophthalmology最新文献

Purpose: Thyroid eye disease, the most frequent extra-thyroid manifestation of Graves' disease, has puzzled physicians and scientists and could potentially make patients sight-threatened. This study aimed to aid researchers and readers in this field to improve their understanding of thyroid eye disease research trends and provide ideas for future research from unique perspectives.

Methods: The top 100 most-cited papers on Graves' ophthalmopathy from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022, were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Two authors defined and analyzed these data independently via CiteSpace, Vosviewer, and Tableau.

Results: A total of 1861 publications linked with Graves' ophthalmopathy research were identified. All of these 100 top-cited papers were published between 2010 and 2022, and the United States of America (USA), Italy, Germany, England, Netherlands, and China made significant contributions to Graves' ophthalmopathy research. The journal with the highest number of published papers is the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (n = 22). The USA was the most productive country in this topic (n = 29). The Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz had the largest number of publications (n = 8) and citations (n = 1610). The most cited article was 'MECHANISMS OF DISEASE Graves' Ophthalmopathy'. The clustered network and timeline of keywords showed the prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of thyroid eye disease, which were the research core themes during the past 12 years.

Conclusions: This study provided insights into the most influential studies related to thyroid eye disease via analyzing the top 100 most-cited papers in thyroid eye disease research.

Aim: To carry out an exhaustive bibliometric analysis of the existing literature on endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), with a view to comparing this with the trend in external DCR.

Methods: A total of 1,230 publications on endoscopic DCR and 1,036 on external DCR were retrieved from the Web of Science databases and analyzed. Data on publication types, indexing categories, journal and publisher contributions, temporal trends, authorship networks, frequently used keywords, and country-level contributions were evaluated. Co-authorship and keyword co-occurrence networks were visualized to identify collaboration patterns and thematic focuses. Citation metrics, including the top 100 most-cited publications, were also assessed.

Results: Original articles accounted for over 85% of the publications in both endoscopic and external DCR literature. The research is predominantly concentrated in ophthalmology (44.4%) and otorhinolaryngology (32.1%) for endoscopic DCR, with most publications indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded (77.3%). The number of endoscopic DCR publications peaked in 2020, while external DCR peaked in 2015. Ali Mohammad Javed emerged as the most prolific author with 78 publications, and the co-authorship network revealed strong interdisciplinary collaborations. India led the publication output for both endoscopic (16.9%) and external (15.7%) DCR, followed by the United States and Turkey. Frequently used keywords such as "dacryocystorhinostomy" and "epiphora" highlighted the primary clinical focus.

Conclusion: The bibliometric analysis highlights the increasing trend in publications over the last decade, indicating an escalating interest in minimally invasive methods, with endoscopic DCR being a prominent approach for the management of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Key contributors, impactful journals, and strong collaborations drive innovation in the field. However, research gaps remain in patient-reported metrics, and contributions from underrepresented regions. Addressing these areas through international and multidisciplinary efforts will advance the field further.

Purpose: Persistent corneal epithelial defects (PCEDs) following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) represent a significant clinical challenge, potentially leading to corneal scarring, vision loss, and other severe complications. This review aims to summarize the prevalence, associated risk factors, and management strategies for PCEDs in the context of PPV, providing evidence-based guidance for clinicians.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Embase databases, identifying English-language studies addressing PCEDs after PPV.

Results: The prevalence of PCEDs post-PPV varied widely, from 0% to 78.37%, influenced by intrinsic factors such as diabetes mellitus, which impairs corneal nerve function and healing, and extrinsic factors like intraoperative tamponade with C3F8. Management strategies ranged from conservative options like bandage contact lenses to advanced treatments like topical insulin.

Conclusion: PCEDs after PPV are multifactorial and demand individualized management. Advanced therapies, particularly serum-based treatments, and topical insulin, show promising outcomes. Further prospective research is warranted to refine these treatments.

Aim: Regular screening of large number of people with diabetes for diabetic retinopathy (DR) with the support of available human resources alone is a global challenge. Digital health innovation is a boon in screening for DR. Multiple artificial intelligence (AI)-based deep learning (DL) algorithms have shown promise for accurate diagnosis of referable DR (RDR). The aim of this review is to evaluate the use of AI for DR screening and the various currently available automated DR detection algorithms.

Methods: We reviewed articles published up to May 15th 2024, on the use of AI for DR by searching PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords like diabetic retinopathy, retinal imaging, teleophthalmology, automated detection, artificial intelligence, deep learning and fundus photography.

Results: This narrative review, traces the advent of AI and its use in digital health, the key concepts in AI and DL algorithm development for diagnosis of DR, some crucial AI algorithms that have been validated for detection of DR and the benefits and challenges of use of AI in detection and management of DR. While there are many approved AI algorithms that are in use globally for DR detection, IDx-DR, EyeArt, and AEYE Diagnostic Screening (AEYE-DS) are the algorithms that have been approved so far by USFDA for automated DR screening.

Conclusion: AI has revolutionized screening of DR by enabling early automated detection. Continuous advances in AI technology, combined with high-quality retinal imaging, can lead to early diagnosis of sight-threatening DR, appropriate referrals, and better outcomes.

Background: In the past few decades, the primary management for uveal melanoma has evolved from enucleation to eye-preserving treatments. However, despite achieving a high rate of local tumour control, complications following eye-preserving treatments still occur and are partly responsible for functional loss and secondary enucleation.

Methods: A literature review by a broad international panel.

Results: We summarised the current literature on utilizing vitreoretinal (VR) surgery for managing the complications of uveal melanoma. We also provided insights from the authors' personal experience and practical recommendations for clinical care.

Conclusions: With the advancement of VR instruments and surgical techniques and the combination of VR and ocular oncology knowledge ("Onco-VR"), it is now possible to manage or even prevent complications such as vitreous haemorrhage, retinal detachment, and toxic tumour syndrome.

Purpose: Myopia is the most common visual impairment among Chinese children and adolescents. The purpose of this study is to explore key interventions for myopia prevalence, especially for early-onset myopia.

Methods: Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate potential associations between risk factor exposure and myopia. Lasso regression was performed to prioritize the risk features, and the selected leading influencing factors were used to establish the assembled simulation model. Finally, the rms package of R was used to construct a nomogram forecasting model to predict the risk of myopia.

Results: The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Ningxia has shown a rapid upward trend in the past 25 years, from 50.3% in 1995 to 61.4% in 2019, with a growth rate of 10%. Children and adolescents with high grades had a high risk of myopia, which was 3.783 times higher in college school students than that of primary school students. Getting enough sleep time during school days per day (OR = 0.722, 95% CI: 0.620-0.840), be active in physical activity (OR = 0.823, 95% CI: 0.709-0.953), and do eye exercises (OR = 0.725, 95% CI: 0.570-0.919) were the top three protective factors. The AUCs of integrated simulation model for myopia was 0.707.

Conclusions: The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents were high in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of Northwest China, and the findings illustrate that reaching the recommended sleep time during school days, being active in physical exercise, and doing eye exercises among different ages are the leading three protective factors for myopia. Such data are critical and valuable for public health agencies to formulate intervention strategies for preventing high myopia and subsequent myopic maculopathy, cataract, retinal detachment, and glaucoma, including promotion of eye exercise, physical activity, enough sleep duration, and health education.