V. Maksym, V. Chemerys, V. Dushka, M. Zub, V. Synhaievskyi
Implementing the vertical diversification strategy for pig-breeding enterprises in Ukraine is one of the factors in increasing their economic efficiency and competitiveness. Mastering the following interrelated links of production and sale in animal husbandry increases enterprises' financial stability and economic security. The article economically substantiates the expediency of capital investments in developing vertically diversified pork production enterprises in Ukraine. The need for investments for the formation of fixed and working capital for the implementation of the project has been determined. The main operating costs for the organization of pig breeding, slaughter, and the sale of meat through the direct sales channel in the amount of 200 tons per year have been calculated. Planning of workforce needs for project implementation has been carried out. The leading indicators of the economic efficiency of capital investments for the production and sale of pork in the newly established enterprise have been determined. According to the study results, the relatively high investment attractiveness of developing small vertically diversified pork production enterprises in Ukraine with an orientation to local markets is substantiated. It has been established that for the implementation of the proposed project, about 1.1 million euros of advanced capital is needed, which is expected to pay off in 3.5 years. The project's five-year net present value has been determined to reach 690,000 euros at a discount rate of 2%. Accordingly, the projected internal rate of return will exceed 26%. The average annual net profit during the project implementation period will be 268 thousand euros, with an average operating cost of 457 thousand euros, allowing us to achieve 65% profitability of production and 32% profitability of pork sales. The projected average net return on capital for the project implementation period is expected to be 35%. The development of vertical diversification in small pork production enterprises in Ukraine will increase the added value and productivity of the involved financial, labor, material, and technical resources.
{"title":"Economic rationale for the development of small vertically diversified pork production enterprises in Ukraine","authors":"V. Maksym, V. Chemerys, V. Dushka, M. Zub, V. Synhaievskyi","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10206","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing the vertical diversification strategy for pig-breeding enterprises in Ukraine is one of the factors in increasing their economic efficiency and competitiveness. Mastering the following interrelated links of production and sale in animal husbandry increases enterprises' financial stability and economic security. The article economically substantiates the expediency of capital investments in developing vertically diversified pork production enterprises in Ukraine. The need for investments for the formation of fixed and working capital for the implementation of the project has been determined. The main operating costs for the organization of pig breeding, slaughter, and the sale of meat through the direct sales channel in the amount of 200 tons per year have been calculated. Planning of workforce needs for project implementation has been carried out. The leading indicators of the economic efficiency of capital investments for the production and sale of pork in the newly established enterprise have been determined. According to the study results, the relatively high investment attractiveness of developing small vertically diversified pork production enterprises in Ukraine with an orientation to local markets is substantiated. It has been established that for the implementation of the proposed project, about 1.1 million euros of advanced capital is needed, which is expected to pay off in 3.5 years. The project's five-year net present value has been determined to reach 690,000 euros at a discount rate of 2%. Accordingly, the projected internal rate of return will exceed 26%. The average annual net profit during the project implementation period will be 268 thousand euros, with an average operating cost of 457 thousand euros, allowing us to achieve 65% profitability of production and 32% profitability of pork sales. The projected average net return on capital for the project implementation period is expected to be 35%. The development of vertical diversification in small pork production enterprises in Ukraine will increase the added value and productivity of the involved financial, labor, material, and technical resources.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Chemerys, V. Maksym, V. Dushka, O. Dadak, O.-I. Ostapiv, V. Kulii
The article conducted comprehensive studies of the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The principal value and natural indicators that characterize the productivity of feed use in dairy cattle breeding are defined. Based on the benchmarking technique, an assessment of the relative technological efficiency of the use of feed by the regions of Ukraine was carried out, and potential reserves of their reduction relative to the reference value of the indicator of feed consumption per 1 t of milk was established. The main measures to increase the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukraine's agricultural enterprises are proposed. According to the results of the study, it was established that the payment of feed in enterprises that produce milk in Ukraine for 2010-2023 increased from 2.5 to 17 UAH per 1 feed unit, which is due to the devaluation of the national currency during the studied period and partly due to the increase in technological efficiency use of fodder. In terms of US dollars, the feed payment for milk production during the same period increased from 0.31 to 0.51 dollars per 1 feed unit. As of the end of 2023, Ukrainian enterprises spent an average of 0.41 dollars of the cost of all types of feed to obtain 1 dollar of the cost of raw milk sold. Accordingly, for 1 dollar of the cost of fodder, enterprises produce and sell raw milk worth 2.41 dollars. It is essential to diversify milk sales channels with a partial focus on direct sales directly to the final consumer, taking into account the almost three-fold ratio between the level of retail and wholesale prices of milk sales. To increase the economic efficiency of the use of fodder in the dairy cattle industry of Ukraine, it is also necessary to implement a system of organizational and technological measures to improve the conditions of keeping, animal care, veterinary support, optimization of feeding rations, fodder storage conditions, implementation of cow productivity monitoring using specialized software.
{"title":"Economic efficiency of feed use in milk production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine","authors":"V. Chemerys, V. Maksym, V. Dushka, O. Dadak, O.-I. Ostapiv, V. Kulii","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10205","url":null,"abstract":"The article conducted comprehensive studies of the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The principal value and natural indicators that characterize the productivity of feed use in dairy cattle breeding are defined. Based on the benchmarking technique, an assessment of the relative technological efficiency of the use of feed by the regions of Ukraine was carried out, and potential reserves of their reduction relative to the reference value of the indicator of feed consumption per 1 t of milk was established. The main measures to increase the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukraine's agricultural enterprises are proposed. According to the results of the study, it was established that the payment of feed in enterprises that produce milk in Ukraine for 2010-2023 increased from 2.5 to 17 UAH per 1 feed unit, which is due to the devaluation of the national currency during the studied period and partly due to the increase in technological efficiency use of fodder. In terms of US dollars, the feed payment for milk production during the same period increased from 0.31 to 0.51 dollars per 1 feed unit. As of the end of 2023, Ukrainian enterprises spent an average of 0.41 dollars of the cost of all types of feed to obtain 1 dollar of the cost of raw milk sold. Accordingly, for 1 dollar of the cost of fodder, enterprises produce and sell raw milk worth 2.41 dollars. It is essential to diversify milk sales channels with a partial focus on direct sales directly to the final consumer, taking into account the almost three-fold ratio between the level of retail and wholesale prices of milk sales. To increase the economic efficiency of the use of fodder in the dairy cattle industry of Ukraine, it is also necessary to implement a system of organizational and technological measures to improve the conditions of keeping, animal care, veterinary support, optimization of feeding rations, fodder storage conditions, implementation of cow productivity monitoring using specialized software.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":" April","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article highlights the role of the service sector in the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas. An analysis of the works of Ukrainian scientists dedicated to the development of the service sector in Ukraine, as well as the development of entrepreneurship in the countryside, was carried out. A number of methods that were used in this study are highlighted. It is indicated that entrepreneurial activity in rural areas consists of both traditional entrepreneurship in the production and sale of agricultural products, and in less traditional types of business, in particular, entrepreneurship in the provision of services. The types of services provided in rural areas are highlighted and graphically displayed, in particular, the authors note that there are three groups of such services. Since state organizations are responsible for the provision of social services to rural residents, the authors focused their attention on service provision activities carried out on a commercial basis. It is indicated that a significant share in the provision of services in the village is occupied by sellers of production agricultural services, in particular services in crop production. It is noted that the majority of buyers of production agricultural services are households, as they do not have the resources to purchase all types of agricultural machinery. It is noted that the main providers of production agricultural services are natural persons-entrepreneurs and officially unregistered sellers of such services. It is indicated that other services, the provision of which can become a form of entrepreneurial activity in the village, are household services, in particular, services for repairing clothes, shoes, appliances, transport services, hairdressing services, etc. In addition, it is said that the opening of catering establishments and the provision of tourist services can also exist in rural areas as a form of entrepreneurship. The problem of the lack of adequate statistical information on the activity of entrepreneurial structures in the field of rural services has been established. It is proposed to implement and actively promote the development of alternative types of entrepreneurship in the provision of services in the countryside, in particular, to open small businesses for the provision of household services, as well as touristic services.
{"title":"The role of the service sector in the development of entrepreneurship in the countryside","authors":"H. Brychka, B. Brychka, S. Buhil","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10203","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the role of the service sector in the development of entrepreneurship in rural areas. An analysis of the works of Ukrainian scientists dedicated to the development of the service sector in Ukraine, as well as the development of entrepreneurship in the countryside, was carried out. A number of methods that were used in this study are highlighted. It is indicated that entrepreneurial activity in rural areas consists of both traditional entrepreneurship in the production and sale of agricultural products, and in less traditional types of business, in particular, entrepreneurship in the provision of services. The types of services provided in rural areas are highlighted and graphically displayed, in particular, the authors note that there are three groups of such services. Since state organizations are responsible for the provision of social services to rural residents, the authors focused their attention on service provision activities carried out on a commercial basis. It is indicated that a significant share in the provision of services in the village is occupied by sellers of production agricultural services, in particular services in crop production. It is noted that the majority of buyers of production agricultural services are households, as they do not have the resources to purchase all types of agricultural machinery. It is noted that the main providers of production agricultural services are natural persons-entrepreneurs and officially unregistered sellers of such services. It is indicated that other services, the provision of which can become a form of entrepreneurial activity in the village, are household services, in particular, services for repairing clothes, shoes, appliances, transport services, hairdressing services, etc. In addition, it is said that the opening of catering establishments and the provision of tourist services can also exist in rural areas as a form of entrepreneurship. The problem of the lack of adequate statistical information on the activity of entrepreneurial structures in the field of rural services has been established. It is proposed to implement and actively promote the development of alternative types of entrepreneurship in the provision of services in the countryside, in particular, to open small businesses for the provision of household services, as well as touristic services.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":" 605","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forecasting prices for agricultural products is a complex, end-to-end and dynamic task of agricultural marketing. With constant development and changes in data sources, data types, data quality, data processing methods, model building methods, and model evaluation methods, agricultural price forecasting methods will also be updated and improved. An overview of the use of digital technologies is proposed, leading to profound changes in the functioning of economic factors, including in the agro-industrial complex. The article shows that the digital transformation (digitalization) of the agro-industrial market will lead to a change in the sectoral structure of the agro-industrial complex due to the replacement of traditional industries with new ones based on forecasts obtained using artificial intelligence systems. The paper provides an overview of specialized applied software products that are available on the Internet and are used to analyze financial data. An overview of modern information technologies, which allow convenient processing, systematization and visualization of data, as well as forecasting the movement of asset prices, was carried out. Scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis methods, quantitative and qualitative assessment methods, which were used to determine the content of marketing concepts and its features in the activities of agro-industrial enterprises, as well as the method of source analysis served as the scientific and theoretical basis for deepening the research. When selecting sources for analysis, a search was made in open databases available in the global information network Internet, on the basis of which neural network training was carried out. The main functionalities of the created system are described, including a visual comparison of historical data, price movement forecasting using machine learning, and recommendations on the optimal content of the investment portfolio. The results obtained in the work substantiate the following basic propositions: - digitalization leads not only to technological, but also to organizational transformations in the agro-industrial complex; - the result of digital transformation will be a profound change in the model of the organization of the agro-industrial complex and its role in the national economy; - agribusiness needs to take measures to support the digital transformation of the agro-industrial market and the adaptation of the agro-industrial complex to the new digital system.
{"title":"Features of the development of the agricultural marketing system using information technologies","authors":"O. Stepanyuk, Y. Senyk, I. Ivanyk, A. Senyk","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10202","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting prices for agricultural products is a complex, end-to-end and dynamic task of agricultural marketing. With constant development and changes in data sources, data types, data quality, data processing methods, model building methods, and model evaluation methods, agricultural price forecasting methods will also be updated and improved. An overview of the use of digital technologies is proposed, leading to profound changes in the functioning of economic factors, including in the agro-industrial complex. The article shows that the digital transformation (digitalization) of the agro-industrial market will lead to a change in the sectoral structure of the agro-industrial complex due to the replacement of traditional industries with new ones based on forecasts obtained using artificial intelligence systems. The paper provides an overview of specialized applied software products that are available on the Internet and are used to analyze financial data. An overview of modern information technologies, which allow convenient processing, systematization and visualization of data, as well as forecasting the movement of asset prices, was carried out. Scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis methods, quantitative and qualitative assessment methods, which were used to determine the content of marketing concepts and its features in the activities of agro-industrial enterprises, as well as the method of source analysis served as the scientific and theoretical basis for deepening the research. When selecting sources for analysis, a search was made in open databases available in the global information network Internet, on the basis of which neural network training was carried out. The main functionalities of the created system are described, including a visual comparison of historical data, price movement forecasting using machine learning, and recommendations on the optimal content of the investment portfolio. The results obtained in the work substantiate the following basic propositions: - digitalization leads not only to technological, but also to organizational transformations in the agro-industrial complex; - the result of digital transformation will be a profound change in the model of the organization of the agro-industrial complex and its role in the national economy; - agribusiness needs to take measures to support the digital transformation of the agro-industrial market and the adaptation of the agro-industrial complex to the new digital system.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"116 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139786353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya. S. Yanyshyn, R. P. Dudyak, H. V. Markiv, S. Buhil, L. A. Tutska
The article discusses various definitions of marketing, its essence, and its main elements. Different interpretations of these concepts by domestic and foreign scientists have been studied. The main key units of service marketing have been determined. Various marketing concepts and the importance of applying new methods and techniques of marketing in the service sector have been studied. The necessity of applying the main types of services in the development of the economy under market conditions has been highlighted. The role of marketing as a factor in the modern development of the service sector in Ukraine, from the perspective of defining the peculiarities and the need for applying its main instruments and methods, has been highlighted. Attention has been drawn to the peculiarities of marketing and its instruments used in market competition when providing relevant services. Conclusions have been made that different types of services require the application of various management approaches, among which marketing occupies a central place. Marketing strategies that allow enterprises to maintain and develop services have been investigated. The market for various services and transportation services has been analyzed, in particular. It has been proven that the role of marketing in the service sector lies in maximizing consumer and producer satisfaction through the application of modern marketing instruments in Ukraine's market economy, regardless of peacetime or wartime conditions. The authors have formulated proposals for improving the application of marketing instruments in the service market during war and post-war times in Ukraine.
{"title":"Marketing instruments of influence on development of service business in time of war in Ukraine","authors":"Ya. S. Yanyshyn, R. P. Dudyak, H. V. Markiv, S. Buhil, L. A. Tutska","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10207","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses various definitions of marketing, its essence, and its main elements. Different interpretations of these concepts by domestic and foreign scientists have been studied. The main key units of service marketing have been determined. Various marketing concepts and the importance of applying new methods and techniques of marketing in the service sector have been studied. The necessity of applying the main types of services in the development of the economy under market conditions has been highlighted. The role of marketing as a factor in the modern development of the service sector in Ukraine, from the perspective of defining the peculiarities and the need for applying its main instruments and methods, has been highlighted. Attention has been drawn to the peculiarities of marketing and its instruments used in market competition when providing relevant services. Conclusions have been made that different types of services require the application of various management approaches, among which marketing occupies a central place. Marketing strategies that allow enterprises to maintain and develop services have been investigated. The market for various services and transportation services has been analyzed, in particular. It has been proven that the role of marketing in the service sector lies in maximizing consumer and producer satisfaction through the application of modern marketing instruments in Ukraine's market economy, regardless of peacetime or wartime conditions. The authors have formulated proposals for improving the application of marketing instruments in the service market during war and post-war times in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Chemerys, V. Maksym, V. Dushka, O. Dadak, O.-I. Ostapiv, V. Kulii
The article conducted comprehensive studies of the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The principal value and natural indicators that characterize the productivity of feed use in dairy cattle breeding are defined. Based on the benchmarking technique, an assessment of the relative technological efficiency of the use of feed by the regions of Ukraine was carried out, and potential reserves of their reduction relative to the reference value of the indicator of feed consumption per 1 t of milk was established. The main measures to increase the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukraine's agricultural enterprises are proposed. According to the results of the study, it was established that the payment of feed in enterprises that produce milk in Ukraine for 2010-2023 increased from 2.5 to 17 UAH per 1 feed unit, which is due to the devaluation of the national currency during the studied period and partly due to the increase in technological efficiency use of fodder. In terms of US dollars, the feed payment for milk production during the same period increased from 0.31 to 0.51 dollars per 1 feed unit. As of the end of 2023, Ukrainian enterprises spent an average of 0.41 dollars of the cost of all types of feed to obtain 1 dollar of the cost of raw milk sold. Accordingly, for 1 dollar of the cost of fodder, enterprises produce and sell raw milk worth 2.41 dollars. It is essential to diversify milk sales channels with a partial focus on direct sales directly to the final consumer, taking into account the almost three-fold ratio between the level of retail and wholesale prices of milk sales. To increase the economic efficiency of the use of fodder in the dairy cattle industry of Ukraine, it is also necessary to implement a system of organizational and technological measures to improve the conditions of keeping, animal care, veterinary support, optimization of feeding rations, fodder storage conditions, implementation of cow productivity monitoring using specialized software.
{"title":"Economic efficiency of feed use in milk production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine","authors":"V. Chemerys, V. Maksym, V. Dushka, O. Dadak, O.-I. Ostapiv, V. Kulii","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-e10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e10205","url":null,"abstract":"The article conducted comprehensive studies of the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The principal value and natural indicators that characterize the productivity of feed use in dairy cattle breeding are defined. Based on the benchmarking technique, an assessment of the relative technological efficiency of the use of feed by the regions of Ukraine was carried out, and potential reserves of their reduction relative to the reference value of the indicator of feed consumption per 1 t of milk was established. The main measures to increase the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukraine's agricultural enterprises are proposed. According to the results of the study, it was established that the payment of feed in enterprises that produce milk in Ukraine for 2010-2023 increased from 2.5 to 17 UAH per 1 feed unit, which is due to the devaluation of the national currency during the studied period and partly due to the increase in technological efficiency use of fodder. In terms of US dollars, the feed payment for milk production during the same period increased from 0.31 to 0.51 dollars per 1 feed unit. As of the end of 2023, Ukrainian enterprises spent an average of 0.41 dollars of the cost of all types of feed to obtain 1 dollar of the cost of raw milk sold. Accordingly, for 1 dollar of the cost of fodder, enterprises produce and sell raw milk worth 2.41 dollars. It is essential to diversify milk sales channels with a partial focus on direct sales directly to the final consumer, taking into account the almost three-fold ratio between the level of retail and wholesale prices of milk sales. To increase the economic efficiency of the use of fodder in the dairy cattle industry of Ukraine, it is also necessary to implement a system of organizational and technological measures to improve the conditions of keeping, animal care, veterinary support, optimization of feeding rations, fodder storage conditions, implementation of cow productivity monitoring using specialized software.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"228 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O.-L. I. Labunska, V. Hunchak, B. Gutyj, I. Khariv, M. P. Soltys
The article analyzes the literature on the distribution and diagnosis of cat dermatomycosis. Pathogenic fungi of the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum occupy a special place among the most common pathogens that provoke the development of dermatitis among small animals. Mycoses of small animals caused by dermatophytes are zoonoses, in which the potential for transmission of microorganisms from animals to humans and vice versa is high. Regarding the pathogenesis of fungal diseases in cats, it is believed that the infectious agent is arthrospores formed by fragmented hyphae. This pathology's mechanism of development is associated with spores' penetration into hair follicles. Mushroom components mainly cause hypersensitivity reactions with the development of a humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Issues of early diagnosis are also covered, which allows timely detection of sick animals and effective treatment. Diagnosis of fungal lesions is usually complex. In the practice of veterinary medicine, new methods of diagnosing dermatophytoses are increasingly used, particularly in detecting pathogenic fungi in dogs and cats using a PCR test. When examining cats suspected of having dermatomycosis, anamnestic data are taken into account (type of animal, sex, age, breed, housing and feeding conditions, general condition, behavioral reactions, presence of appetite, appearance), as well as clinical manifestations of skin lesions, namely the location of the pathological process, nature and its manifestations. Clinical signs of the disease in cat dermatomycosis are very diverse and are determined by the specific properties of the pathogens. Antifungal drugs of systemic and local action and immunomodulators play an essential role in the system of treatment and prevention measures.
{"title":"Dermatomycosis in cats (prevalence, diagnosis, course, treatment)","authors":"O.-L. I. Labunska, V. Hunchak, B. Gutyj, I. Khariv, M. P. Soltys","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11205","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the literature on the distribution and diagnosis of cat dermatomycosis. Pathogenic fungi of the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum occupy a special place among the most common pathogens that provoke the development of dermatitis among small animals. Mycoses of small animals caused by dermatophytes are zoonoses, in which the potential for transmission of microorganisms from animals to humans and vice versa is high. Regarding the pathogenesis of fungal diseases in cats, it is believed that the infectious agent is arthrospores formed by fragmented hyphae. This pathology's mechanism of development is associated with spores' penetration into hair follicles. Mushroom components mainly cause hypersensitivity reactions with the development of a humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Issues of early diagnosis are also covered, which allows timely detection of sick animals and effective treatment. Diagnosis of fungal lesions is usually complex. In the practice of veterinary medicine, new methods of diagnosing dermatophytoses are increasingly used, particularly in detecting pathogenic fungi in dogs and cats using a PCR test. When examining cats suspected of having dermatomycosis, anamnestic data are taken into account (type of animal, sex, age, breed, housing and feeding conditions, general condition, behavioral reactions, presence of appetite, appearance), as well as clinical manifestations of skin lesions, namely the location of the pathological process, nature and its manifestations. Clinical signs of the disease in cat dermatomycosis are very diverse and are determined by the specific properties of the pathogens. Antifungal drugs of systemic and local action and immunomodulators play an essential role in the system of treatment and prevention measures.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"92 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The data from the literature of domestic and foreign authors indicates that reproductive pathology and infertility are often complex and multifactorial phenomena, in which veterinary specialists aim to determine the cause of its violation, as well as to prescribe effective treatment and propose preventive measures. Infertility is defined as a decrease in reproductive capacity in cows. Fertility losses in animals include all causes of pregnancy termination: embryo death, resorption, abortion at any stage of pregnancy, and stillbirth. According to various authors, the etiology is diverse and includes ineffective treatment, as well as abnormal anatomical development or function of the reproductive system. In addition, infection, invasion, and neoplasia may be involved. Miscarriage is considered a component of infertility but it is more specific in its etiology and pathogenesis. There are many potential causes of pregnancy termination, some of which are still not understood. The causes of abortion are divided into two main categories, namely, infectious and non-infectious; and the main diseases of pregnancy are divided into four groups: diseases that occur and develop in the maternal body and are related to pregnancy; diseases of the fetus and its membranes; diseases that are concomitant with pregnancy but not directly related to it; and extragenital pathology.
{"title":"Major diseases of pregnancy and abortion in cows","authors":"L. Koreyba","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11210","url":null,"abstract":"The data from the literature of domestic and foreign authors indicates that reproductive pathology and infertility are often complex and multifactorial phenomena, in which veterinary specialists aim to determine the cause of its violation, as well as to prescribe effective treatment and propose preventive measures. Infertility is defined as a decrease in reproductive capacity in cows. Fertility losses in animals include all causes of pregnancy termination: embryo death, resorption, abortion at any stage of pregnancy, and stillbirth. According to various authors, the etiology is diverse and includes ineffective treatment, as well as abnormal anatomical development or function of the reproductive system. In addition, infection, invasion, and neoplasia may be involved. Miscarriage is considered a component of infertility but it is more specific in its etiology and pathogenesis. There are many potential causes of pregnancy termination, some of which are still not understood. The causes of abortion are divided into two main categories, namely, infectious and non-infectious; and the main diseases of pregnancy are divided into four groups: diseases that occur and develop in the maternal body and are related to pregnancy; diseases of the fetus and its membranes; diseases that are concomitant with pregnancy but not directly related to it; and extragenital pathology.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"08 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infectious agents in the environment, favorable conditions, transmission factors, and a weakened animal body lead to an infectious process. Infectious diseases can affect humans and animals equally, so preventing and eliminating pathogenic agents is essential. Moreover, there is a threat of resistance development among pathogens and their spread. This problem is caused by the irrational use of antibacterial drugs for therapeutic purposes, the duration of treatment, and their frequent use. Given that an animal can be a source of infection for humans, there is a risk of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains from animal to human. In order to prevent the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial agents, there is a pharmacodynamic justification for drug dosage regimens and microbiological studies to control the spread of infectious diseases and pathogens that cause disease. The purpose of our research was to monitor infectious pathologies in dogs and cats in the city of Bila Tserkva, to isolate and identify isolates from samples from three veterinary clinics (“Veterinary assistance”, 44 Shalom-Aleichem St.; “Interdepartmental Clinic of Small Pets of the Bila Tserkva NAU”, 126 Stavyshchanska St.; “Veterinary assistance”, 38 Korolenko St.). The test material was sent to the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics of Bila Tserkva NAU. According to the VebForce system statistics, the most common diseases in companion animals among the clinic's patients were plyometrics, otitis media, abscesses, and wounds (of various origins). The results of microbiological monitoring for the period from January 1, 2022, to January 1, 2023, show that the study of infected material in purulent and inflammatory processes revealed a wide variety of isolates. The pyometrics in cats were predominantly used: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In bitches, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus canis were mainly isolated. The following isolates were found in the study of wound microflora (of different origin): in cats – Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus; in dogs – Staphylococcus spp., S. pseudintermedius, Streptococcus spp. In the study of animals with otitis media – Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were mainly found in cats, and Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were mainly isolated from dog abscesses: Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus epidermidis, in dogs – S. epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Today, infectious pathologies are an urgent problem often found in companion animals.
{"title":"Monitoring of microflora in case of infectious pathology in dogs and cats","authors":"I. Chemerovska, I. O. Rublenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11201","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious agents in the environment, favorable conditions, transmission factors, and a weakened animal body lead to an infectious process. Infectious diseases can affect humans and animals equally, so preventing and eliminating pathogenic agents is essential. Moreover, there is a threat of resistance development among pathogens and their spread. This problem is caused by the irrational use of antibacterial drugs for therapeutic purposes, the duration of treatment, and their frequent use. Given that an animal can be a source of infection for humans, there is a risk of transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains from animal to human. In order to prevent the resistance of microorganisms to antibacterial agents, there is a pharmacodynamic justification for drug dosage regimens and microbiological studies to control the spread of infectious diseases and pathogens that cause disease. The purpose of our research was to monitor infectious pathologies in dogs and cats in the city of Bila Tserkva, to isolate and identify isolates from samples from three veterinary clinics (“Veterinary assistance”, 44 Shalom-Aleichem St.; “Interdepartmental Clinic of Small Pets of the Bila Tserkva NAU”, 126 Stavyshchanska St.; “Veterinary assistance”, 38 Korolenko St.). The test material was sent to the Educational and Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics of Bila Tserkva NAU. According to the VebForce system statistics, the most common diseases in companion animals among the clinic's patients were plyometrics, otitis media, abscesses, and wounds (of various origins). The results of microbiological monitoring for the period from January 1, 2022, to January 1, 2023, show that the study of infected material in purulent and inflammatory processes revealed a wide variety of isolates. The pyometrics in cats were predominantly used: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In bitches, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus canis were mainly isolated. The following isolates were found in the study of wound microflora (of different origin): in cats – Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus; in dogs – Staphylococcus spp., S. pseudintermedius, Streptococcus spp. In the study of animals with otitis media – Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were mainly found in cats, and Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were mainly isolated from dog abscesses: Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus epidermidis, in dogs – S. epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Today, infectious pathologies are an urgent problem often found in companion animals.","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"52 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Golovach, B. Gutyj, I. Kolomiiets, D. Ostapiv, R. Oseredchuk, O. M. Sloboda
The article highlights the specifics of the effect of various doses of a complex of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12) on the activity of critical enzymes of the body's antioxidant defense system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and the content of peroxide oxidation products (diene conjugates and Malan dialdehyde) in the blood of cattle at the final stage of fattening. The research was conducted during the winter-spring stall on 12-month-old Ukrainian black-spotted dairy cows. According to the principle of analogs, five groups of experimental animals (control and four experimental) were formed, each with six heads. The experiment lasted six months. The rations for the research groups of Bugai cattle are prepared by the recommended norms, taking into account the chemical composition of the fodder of the given area, the age of the animals, live weight, and the planned average daily growth. The silage type of fattening was used for feeding the Bugai cattle. The basis of our dosage of various vitamins of group B for fattening steers of experimental groups is the appropriate percentage of the recommended doses of individual vitamins of group B for fattening pigs (10 % – D1, 20 % – D2, 40 % – D3, 60 % – D4 group). The conducted studies established that the addition of a complex of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12) balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E to the diet of fattening bulls in appropriate doses causes an increase in activity of critical enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in the blood of fattening bulls (the activity of superoxide dismutase increases the most (by 8.9–28.4 %)) and a decrease in the content of both primary (diene conjugates) and secondary (malanic dialdehyde) products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of fattening bulls, which depends on the dose of B vitamins added to the diet (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12). The most significant change in terms of morphological composition in animals third (B1 – 0.040; B2 – 0.06; B5 – 1.2; B6 – 0.25; B10 – 0.0030; B12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and fourth (B1 – 0.070; B2 – 0.10; B5 – 2.0; B6 – 0.40; B10 – 0.0050; B12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) research groups, and smallest – in bull Ist (B1 – 0.015; B2 – 0.03; B5 – 0.5; B6 – 0.10; B10 – 0.0012; B12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) and research group, which is associated with dose introduced to the diet of calves during the final fattening phase of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12).
{"title":"The effect of B groups vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12) on the activity of antioxidants protection system enzymes and the content of lipids peroxide oxidation products in the blood of feeding cattle","authors":"P. Golovach, B. Gutyj, I. Kolomiiets, D. Ostapiv, R. Oseredchuk, O. M. Sloboda","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet11203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet11203","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the specifics of the effect of various doses of a complex of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12) on the activity of critical enzymes of the body's antioxidant defense system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and the content of peroxide oxidation products (diene conjugates and Malan dialdehyde) in the blood of cattle at the final stage of fattening. The research was conducted during the winter-spring stall on 12-month-old Ukrainian black-spotted dairy cows. According to the principle of analogs, five groups of experimental animals (control and four experimental) were formed, each with six heads. The experiment lasted six months. The rations for the research groups of Bugai cattle are prepared by the recommended norms, taking into account the chemical composition of the fodder of the given area, the age of the animals, live weight, and the planned average daily growth. The silage type of fattening was used for feeding the Bugai cattle. The basis of our dosage of various vitamins of group B for fattening steers of experimental groups is the appropriate percentage of the recommended doses of individual vitamins of group B for fattening pigs (10 % – D1, 20 % – D2, 40 % – D3, 60 % – D4 group). The conducted studies established that the addition of a complex of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12) balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E to the diet of fattening bulls in appropriate doses causes an increase in activity of critical enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in the blood of fattening bulls (the activity of superoxide dismutase increases the most (by 8.9–28.4 %)) and a decrease in the content of both primary (diene conjugates) and secondary (malanic dialdehyde) products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of fattening bulls, which depends on the dose of B vitamins added to the diet (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12). The most significant change in terms of morphological composition in animals third (B1 – 0.040; B2 – 0.06; B5 – 1.2; B6 – 0.25; B10 – 0.0030; B12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and fourth (B1 – 0.070; B2 – 0.10; B5 – 2.0; B6 – 0.40; B10 – 0.0050; B12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) research groups, and smallest – in bull Ist (B1 – 0.015; B2 – 0.03; B5 – 0.5; B6 – 0.10; B10 – 0.0012; B12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) and research group, which is associated with dose introduced to the diet of calves during the final fattening phase of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12).","PeriodicalId":21703,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies","volume":"03 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：